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Year 1580 (MDLXXX) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events of 1580

• January 31 – King Henry I of Portugal dies with no direct heirs, precipitating a Succession crisis.
• March 1 – Michel de Montaigne signs the preface to his most significant work, Essays. They are published later the same year.
• June 11 – Juan de Garay founds Buenos Aires.
• June 25 – The Book of Concord, a collection of Lutheran confessional documents, is published.
• July 12 – The Ostrog Bible, the first complete printed Bible in a Slavic language, is published.
• August 25 – Battle of Alcântara: Spanish armies, led by Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, defending the claim of King Philip II of Spain to the Portuguese throne, defeat the armies of Portuguese claimant António, Prior of Crato.
• September 26 – Sir Francis Drake completes the second circumnavigation of globe. Consequently he is Knighted by Queen Elizabeth.

Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alba

Undated

• 1580–1764 – The first session of the Jewish Vaad (Council of Four Lands) is held in Lublin, Poland; 70 delegates of Jewish local qahals meet to discuss taxation and other issues important to Jewish communities.
• 1580–1640: Iberian Union – King Philip II of Spain becomes King of Portugal under the name Philip I, following the death without heirs of King Henry of Portugal, in a personal union of the crowns, thus maintaining Portuguese independence (in Europe and throughout the Portuguese Empire). The Portuguese House of Habsburg (also called the Philippine Dynasty) rule lasts until 1640.
• Yermak begins the Russian conquest of Siberia with a band of 1,636 men.
• Jesuit missionaries arrive at the court of Akbar, Ruler of the Moghul Empire. ^[1]

June 25: Concord.

Births

• February – John Digby, 1st Earl of Bristol, English diplomat (d. 1653)
• April 15 – George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore, English politician and colonizer (d. 1623)
• April 18 – (baptism) Thomas Middleton, English playwright (d. 1627)
• April 24 – Vincent de Paul, French priest and saint (d. 1660)
• June 6 – Godefroy Wendelin, Flemish astronomer (d. 1667)
• June 9 – Daniel Heinsius, Dutch scholar (d. 1655)
• August 24 – John Taylor, English poet (d. 1654)
• September 15 – Charles Annibal Fabrot, French lawyer (d. 1659)
• September 14 – Francisco de Quevedo, Spanish writer (d. 1645)
• December 1 – Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc, French astronomer (d. 1637)
• December 4 – Samuel Argall, English adventurer and naval officer (d. 1626)
• date unknown
  • Philip Cluwer, German geographer and historian (d. 1623)
  • Dirk Hartog, Dutch ship's captain and explorer (d. 1621)
  • John Smith of Jamestown, Virginia settler (d. 1631)
  • Robert Killigrew, knight of Arwenack in Falmouth (d. 1633)
  • Willebrord Snellius, Dutch astronomer and mathematician (d. 1626)
  • Raphael Sobiehrd-Mnishovsky, Bohemian lawyer and writer (d. 1644)
  • Pierre Vernier, French mathematician and instrument inventor (d. 1637)
  • Krzysztof Zbaraski, Polish nobleman (d. 1627)
• probable
  • Edward Fairfax, English translator (d. 1635)
  • Frans Hals, Dutch painter (d. 1666)
  • Zacharias Janssen, Dutch spectacle-maker (d. 1638)
  • Alexander Leslie, 1st Earl of Leven, Scottish soldier (d. 1661)
  • Benjamin de Rohan, duc de Soubise, French Huguenot leader (d. 1642)

See also Category: 1580 births.

Deaths

• January 18 – Antonio Scandello, Italian composer (b. 1517)
• January 31 – King Henry of Portugal (b. 1512)
• February 2 – Bessho Nagaharu, Japanese retainer (b. 1558)
• February 28 – Krystyna Radziwiłł, Polish noblewoman (b. 1560)
• June 10 – Luís de Camões, Portuguese poet (b. c. 1524)
• July 9 – Zofia Odrowąż, Polish noblewoman (b. 1540)
• August 1 – Albrecht Giese, German politician and diplomat (b. 1524)
• August 19 – Andrea Palladio, Italian architect (b. 1508)
• August 20 – Jeronymo Osorio, Portuguese historian (b. 1506)
• August 30 – Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy (b. 1528)
• November 3 – Jeronimo Zurita y Castro, Spanish historian (b. 1512)
• November 30 – Richard Farrant, English composer (b. 1530)
• December 1 – Giovanni Morone, Italian cardinal (b. 1509)
• date unknown
  • Henry FitzAlan, 19th Earl of Arundel, English nobleman (b. 1511)
  • Giovanni Filippo Ingrassias, Italian anatomist (b. 1545)
  • Robert Lindsay of Pitscottie, Scottish chronicler (b. c. 1532)
  • Matsudaira Shigeyoshi, Japanese general (b. 1493)
  • Ruy López de Segura, Spanish priest and writer on chess (b. 1530)
  • Inés de Suárez, Spanish conquistadora (b. 1507)
  • Thomas Tusser, English poet and farmer (b. 1524)
• probable
  • John Heywood, English dramatist (b. 1497)

See also Category: 1580 deaths.

References

From Wikiquote