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Year 1697 (MDCXCVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar).

Events of 1697

January–June

• March – Peter the Great sets out to travel in Europe officially incognito as "Artilleryman Pjotr Mikhailov".
• March – The Spanish conquest of the Yucatan is complete with the fall of the Itza Kingdom.
• 5 April – Karl XII becomes king of Sweden upon the death of his father, Karl XI. Karl XII is known as the "Swedish Meteor".
• 7 May – The royal castle "Tre Kronor" ("Three Crowns") in Stockholm burns to the ground. A large portion of the royal library is destroyed.
• 30 June – The earliest known first-class cricket match took place in Sussex.

July–December

• September 11 – Battle of Zenta: Prince Eugene of Savoy crushes the Ottoman army of Mustafa II and effectively ends Turkish hopes of recovering lost ground in Hungary.
• September 20 – The Treaty of Ryswick signed by France and the Grand Alliance to end both the Nine Years' War and King William's War. The conflict having been inconclusive, the treaty is proposed because the combatants have exhausted their national treasuries. Louis XIV recognises William III as King of England & Scotland and both sides return territories they have taken in battle. In North America, the treaty returns Port Royal (Nova Scotia) to France. In practice, the treaty is little more than a truce; it does not resolve any of the fundamental colonial problems and the peace lasts only five years.
• December 2 – St Paul's Cathedral is opened in London.
• December 14 – Charles XII of Sweden is crowned king at the age of 15.

Undated

• French writer Charles Perrault publishes a collection of favourite fairy tales, including Red Riding Hood and The Sleeping Beauty.
• The use of palanquins increases in Europe.
• Christopher Polhem starts Sweden's first technical school.
• Tayasal, capital of the Itza Maya in the Petén Basin, the last independent Maya polity, is conquered by Spain.
• The Manchu Empire conquers western Mongolia.
• The Royal African Company loses its monopoly on the slave trade.

Births

• January 30 – Johann Joachim Quantz, German flautist and composer (d. 1773)
• March 9 – Friederike Caroline Neuber, actress (d. 1760)
• August 6 – Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1745)
• October 7 – Canaletto, Italian artist (d. 1768)
• October 26 – John Peter Zenger, newspaper printer (d. 1746)
• November 10 – William Hogarth, English artist (d. 1764)

See also Category: 1697 births.

Deaths

• January 8 – Thomas Aikenhead (hanged) (b. c. 1678)
• January 26 – Georg Mohr, Danish mathematician (b. 1640)
• January 28 – John Fenwick, English conspirator (b. c. 1645)
• March 1 – Francesco Redi, Italian physician (b. 1626)
• March 19 – Nicolaus Bruhns, German organist and composer (b. 1665)
• March 26 – Godfrey McCulloch, Scottish politician and murderer (executed) (b. 1640)
• March 27 – Simon Bradstreet, English colonial magistrate (b. 1603)
• April 5 – King Charles XI of Sweden (stomach cancer) (b. 1655)
• April 8 – Niels Juel, Danish admiral (b. 1629)
• October 31 – William Moore, Captain William Kidd's gunner (hemorrhage in head caused by Captain Kidd hitting him with a bucket)^[1]
• November 22 – Libéral Bruant, French architect (b. c. 1635)

See also Category: 1697 deaths.

References

From Wikiquote