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Year 1790 (MDCCXC) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday^[1] of the 11-day slower Julian calendar).

Events of 1790

January–June

• January 9 – U.S. President George Washington gives the first State of the Union Address.
• January 30 – The first boat specialized as a lifeboat is tested on the River Tyne.
• February 1 – In New York City the Supreme Court of the United States convenes for the first time.
• February 4 – Louis XVI of France declares to the National Assembly that he will maintain the constitutional laws.
• February 11 – Two Quaker delegates petition the United States Congress for the abolition of slavery.
• March 1 – The first United States census is authorized.
• March 4 – France is divided into 83 départements, which cut across the former provinces, in an attempt to dislodge regional loyalties based on noble ownership of land.
• March 21 – Thomas Jefferson reports to President George Washington in New York as the new United States Secretary of State.

May 12: Battle of Reval.

• April 10 – The United States patent system is established.
• May 13 – Battle of Reval: Gustav III of Sweden sends the battlefleet to eliminate the Russian squadron wintering at Reval (Estonia), but is defeated: 8 Russians, 51 Swedes are killed, 250 captured, and 2 ships are sunk.
• May 29 – Rhode Island ratifies the United States Constitution and becomes the last of the 13 original states to do so.
• June 9 – Royal Assent Given To The Town Of Milford Haven.
• June 20 – Compromise of 1790: Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and Alexander Hamilton come to an agreement: Madison agrees to not be "strenuous" in opposition for the assumption of state debts by the federal government; Hamilton agrees to support the capital site being above the Potomac.
• June 23 – The alleged London Monster is arrested in London: he later receives 40 years for 10 assaults.

July–December

• July – Louis XVI of France accepts a constitutional monarchy.
• July 9 – Russo-Swedish War – Second Battle of Svensksund: In a massive Baltic Sea battle of 300 ships, the Swedish navy captures one third of the Russian fleet: 304 Swedes are killed, 3,500 Russians killed and 6,000 captured, 51 Russian ships are sunk and 22 are taken.
• July 12 – French Revolution: The Civil Constitution of the Clergy is passed. This completes the destruction of the monastic orders, legislating out of existence all regular and secular chapters for either sex, abbacies and priorships.
• July 14 – French Revolution: Citizens of Paris celebrate the constitutional monarchy and national reconciliation in the Fête de la Fédération.
• July 16 – The signing of the Residence Bill establishes a site along the Potomac River as the District of Columbia, the capital district of the United States
• July 27- The Convention of Reichenbach is signed between Prussia and Austria.
• July 31 – Inventor Samuel Hopkins becomes the first to be issued a U.S. patent (for an improved method of making potash).
• August 4 – A newly passed U.S. tariff act creates the United States Revenue Cutter Service, the forerunner of the Coast Guard.
• August 14 – The Treaty of Värälä ends the Russo-Swedish War.
• December 11 – Russo-Turkish War, 1787-1792: 26,000 Turkish soldiers lose their lives during Suvorov's storm of Izmail.

Undated

• Prime Minister of Great Britain William Pitt refuses to recognize Belgian independence.
• The first United States federal budget bill is introduced by Alexander Hamilton.
• The 1790 United States Census is taken.
• Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor starts to rule.
• 5.1% of Americans are living in centers of 2,500 or more people.

Ongoing events

• French Revolution (1789–1799)
• Russo-Turkish War, 1787-1792

Births

• March 29 – John Tyler, 10th President of the United States (d. 1862)
• May 20 – Micajah Thomas Hawkins, American politician (d. 1858)
• May 23 – Jules Dumont d'Urville, French explorer (d. 1842)
• June 1 – Ferdinand Raimund, Austrian playwright (d. 1836)
• September 6 – John Green Crosse, English surgeon (d. 1850)
• November 17 – August Ferdinand Möbius, German mathematician and astronomer (d. 1868)
• November 21 – Edmund Lyons, 1st Baron Lyons, British admiral (d. 1858)
• December 8 – Augustus Meineke, German Classical scholar (d. 1870)
• December 16 – Léopold I of Belgium (d. 1865)
• December 19 – William Edward Parry, English Arctic explorer (d. 1855)
• December 23 – Jean-François Champollion, French Egyptologist (d. 1832)
• probable – Lone Horn, Minneconjou chief (d. 1875)

See also Category: 1790 births.

Deaths

• January 13 – Luc Urbain de Bouexic, comte de Guichen, French admiral (b. 1712)
• January 15 – John Landen, English mathematician (b. 1719)
• January 31 – Thomas Lewis, Irish-born Virginia settler (b. 1718)
• February 5 – William Cullen, Scottish physician and chemist (b. 1710)
• February 20 – Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1741)
• March 12 – Andreas Hadik, Austro-Hungarian general (b. 1710)
• April 17 – Benjamin Franklin, American scientist and statesman (b. 1706)
• May 4 – Matthew Tilghman, American Continental Congressman (b. 1718)
• May 9 – William Clingan, American Continental Congressman
• May 16 – Philip Yorke, 2nd Earl of Hardwicke, English politician (b. 1720)
• May 21 – Thomas Warton, English poet (b. 1728)
• May 29 – Israel Putnam, American Revolutionary War general (b. 1718)
• July 3 – Jean-Baptiste L. Romé de l'Isle, French chemist (b. 1736)
• July 7 – François Hemsterhuis, Dutch philosopher (b. 1721)
• July 14 – Ernst Gideon Freiherr von Laudon, Austrian field marshal (b. 1717)
• July 17 – Adam Smith, Scottish economist and philosopher (b. 1723)
• July 25 – Johann Bernhard Basedow, German educational reformer (b. 1723)
• July 25 – William Livingston, Governor of New Jersey (b. 1723)
• September 2 – Johann Nikolaus von Hontheim, German historian and theologian (b. 1701)
• October 19 – Lyman Hall, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1724)
• November 6 – James Bowdoin, American Revolutionary leader and politician (b. 1726)
• November 16 – Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer, American Continental Congressman (b. 1723)
• date unknown – John Hulse, English clergyman (b. 1708)

See also Category: 1790 deaths.

Notes

1. ^ "Calendar for year 1790 (Russia)" (full Julian calendar), Steffen Thorsen, Time and Date AS, 2007, webpage: Julian1790.

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