From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar.

Events of 1942

(Below, many events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.)

January

• January 1 – WWII: The United States and Philippines troops fight the Battle of Bataan.
• January 2 – WWII: Manila is captured by Japanese forces.
• January 7 – WWII: The siege of the Bataan Peninsula begins.
• January 10 – WWII: The last German air-raid on Liverpool destroys the home of William Patrick Hitler, Adolf Hitler's nephew. After his house is destroyed, William Hitler goes to the USA and joins the navy to fight against his uncle.
• January 11 – WWII:
  • Japan declares war on the Netherlands and invades the Netherlands East Indies.
  • The Japanese capture Kuala Lumpur.
• January 16 – Actress Carole Lombard and her mother are among those killed in a plane crash near Las Vegas, Nevada, while returning from a tour to promote the sale of war bonds.
• January 19 – WWII: Japanese forces invade Burma. Establishment of United States VIII Bomber Command, later to become the Eighth Air Force in Savannah, Georgia.
• January 20 – WWII: Nazis at the Wannsee conference in Berlin decide that the "final solution to the Jewish problem" is relocation, and later extermination.
• January 21 – WWII: Erwin Rommel launches his new offensive in Cyrenaica.
• January 23 – WWII: The Battle of Rabaul begins.
• January 25 – WWII: Thailand declares war on the United States and United Kingdom.
• January 26 – WWII: The first American forces arrive in Europe, landing in Northern Ireland.
• January 31 – WWII: The last organized Allied forces leave Malaya, ending the 54-day campaign.

February

• February 1 – WWII: The Command staff of the Eighth Air Force reaches England
• February 2 – WWII: President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signs an executive order directing the internment of Japanese Americans and the seizure of their property.
• February 3 – WWII: Rommel suspends his offensive in Cyrenaica.
• February 7–1946 September 1 – Maritime Commission fleet operations transferred to War Shipping Administration.
• February 8
  • António Óscar Carmona is elected president of Portugal.
  • WWII: Top United States military leaders hold their first formal meeting to discuss American military strategy in the war.
  • Daylight saving time goes into effect in the United States.
• February 9 – Post of Chief of the Air Force Staff created.
• February 9 – The SS Normandie Ocean Liner catches fire while being converted into the troopship USS Lafayette for World War II.
• February 10 – In the early hours of the morning the SS Normandie capsizes at pier 88 in New York City.
• February 11 – Operation Cerberus A flotilla of Kriegsmarine ships dash from Brest through the English Channel to northern ports; the British fail to sink any one of them.
• February 15 – WWII: Singapore surrenders to Japanese forces.
• February 19 – WWII:
  • Japanese warplanes attack Darwin, Australia.
  • President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs executive order 9066 allowing the United States military to define areas as exclusionary zones. These zones affect the Japanese on the West Coast, and Germans and Italians primarily on the East Coast.
• February 20 – Lieutenant Edward O'Hare becomes America's first World War II flying ace.
• February 22 – WWII: President Franklin Delano Roosevelt orders General Douglas MacArthur out of the Philippines as American defense of the nation collapses.
• February 23 – The Japanese submarine I-17 fires 17 high-explosive shells toward an oil refinery near Santa Barbara, California, causing little damage.
• February 24 – Propaganda: The Voice of America begins broadcasting.
• February 25 – Princess Elizabeth registers for war service.
• February 25 – Battle of Los Angeles: Over 1,400 AA shells are fired at an unidentified, slow-moving object in the skies over Los Angeles. The appearance of the object triggers an immediate wartime blackout over most of Southern California, with thousands of air raid wardens being deployed throughout the city. In total there are 6 deaths. Despite the several hour barrage no planes are downed.
• February 26
  • The worst coal dust explosion to date, in Honkeiko, China, claims 1,549 lives.
  • The 14th Academy Awards ceremony is held in Los Angeles; How Green Was My Valley wins Best Picture.
• February 27 – WWII – Battle of the Java Sea: An allied (ABDA) task force under Dutch command, trying to stem a Japanese invasion of the Dutch East Indies, is defeated by a Japanese task force in the Java Sea.

March

• March – Construction begins on the Badger Army Ammunition Plant (the largest in the United States during WWII).
• March 9 – WWII: Executive order 9082 (February 28, 1942) reorganizes the United States Army into three major commands: Army Ground Forces, Army Air Forces, and Services of Supply, later redesignated Army Service Forces.
• March 18 – War Relocation Authority (WRA)
• March 28 – WWII: British Commandos raid St. Nazaire on the coast of Western France.

The Japanese aircraft carrier, Hiryu under attack by US aircraft at the Battle of Midway.

April

• April 3 – WWII: Japanese forces begin an all-out assault on the United States and Filipino troops on the Bataan Peninsula.
• April 5 – WWII: the Japanese Navy attacks Colombo in Ceylon (Sri Lanka). Royal Navy Cruisers HMS Cornwall and HMS Dorsetshire are sunk southwest of the island.
• April 9
  • The Bataan Peninsula falls and the Bataan Death March began.
  • WWII: The Japanese Navy launches an air raid on Trincomalee in Ceylon (Sri Lanka); the Royal Navy aircraft carrier HMS Hermes and Royal Australian Navy destroyer HMAS Vampire are sunk off the country's East Coast.
• April 13 – The FCC's minimum programming time required of TV stations is cut from 15 hours to 4 hours a week during the war.
• April 15 – WWII: King George VI awards the George Cross to Malta, saying, "To honour her brave people I award the George Cross to the Island Fortress of Malta, to bear witness to a heroism and a devotion that will long be famous in history (from January 1 to July 24, there is only one 24-hour period during which no bombs fall on this tiny island)."
• April 18 – Tokyo, Japan is bombed by B-25 Mitchells commanded by then-Lieutenant Colonel James Doolittle.
• April 23 – William Temple (archbishop) enthroned Archbishop of Canterbury.
• April 27 – WWII: A national plebiscite is held in Canada on the issue of conscription.
• April 27– The Jewish Star of David is required wearing for all Jews in the Netherlands and Belgium. Other Jews in Nazi countries had been wearing it for longer.
• April 29 – WWII: An explosion at a chemical factory in Tessenderlo, Belgium leaves 200 dead and 1,000 injured.

May

• May – The first undersea oil pipeline is tested in Operation Pluto.
• May 5 – WWII – Operation Ironclad: United Kingdom forces invade the French colony of Madagascar.
• May 6 – WWII: On Corregidor, the last American and Filipino forces in the Philippines surrender to the Japanese.
• May 8 – WWII: The Battle of the Coral Sea (first battle in naval history where 2 enemy fleets fight without seeing each other's fleets) ends in an Allied victory.
• May 8/May 9 – WWII: On the night of 8/9 May 1942, gunners of the Ceylon Garrison Artillery on Horsburgh Island in the Cocos Islands rebel. Their mutiny is crushed and 3 of them executed (the only British Commonwealth soldiers to be executed for mutiny during the Second World War).
• May 12 – WWII – Second Battle of Kharkov: In the eastern Ukraine, the Soviet Army initiates a major offensive. During the battle the Soviets capture the city of Kharkov from the German Army, only to be encircled and destroyed.
• May 14 – Aaron Copland's Lincoln Portrait is performed for the first time by the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra.
• May 15 – WWII: In the United States, a bill creating the Women's Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC) is signed into law.
• May 20 – The first African-American seamen are taken into the United States Navy.
• May 21 – WWII: Mexico declares war against Nazi Germany after the sinking of the Mexican tanker Faja de Oro by the German U-boat, U-160, off Key West.
• May 26 – WWII – Battle of Bir Hakeim: The Free French and British troops slow the German advance in North Africa.
• May 27 – WWII – Operation Anthropoid: Czech paratroopers attempt to assassinate Reinhard Heydrich in Prague.
• May 31 – June 1 – WWII – Attack on Sydney Harbour: Japanese submarines infiltrate Sydney Harbour in an attempt to attack Allied warships.

June

• June 1 – WWII: Mexico declares war on Germany, Italy and Japan.
• June 4 – WWII: Reinhard Heydrich succumbs to wounds sustained on May 27 from Czechoslovakian paratroopers acting in Operation Anthropoid.
• June 4–June 7 – WWII – The Battle of Midway: The Japanese naval advance in the Pacific is halted.
• June 7 – WWII: Japanese forces invade the Aleutian Islands (the first invasion of American soil in 128 years).
• June 8 – WWII: Attack on Sydney Harbour: The Australian cities of Sydney and Newcastle are shelled by Japanese submarines. The eastern suburbs of both cities are damaged and the east coast is blacked out.
• June 9 – WWII: Nazis burn the Czech village of Lidice in reprisal for the killing of Reinhard Heydrich.
• June 10 – WWII: The Gestapo massacres 173 male residents of Lidice, Czechoslovakia in retaliation for the killing of a Nazi official.
• June 12 – Holocaust: On her 13th birthday, Anne Frank makes the first entry in her new diary.
• June 13 – The United States opens its Office of War Information, a propaganda center.
• June 21
  • WWII: Axis forces capture Tobruk.
  • Fort Stevens, Oregon is fired upon by a Japanese submarine.
• June 29 – The German Eleventh Army under Erich von Manstein takes Sevastopol, although fighting rages until July 9.

July

• July 1 – July 27 – WWII: the First Battle of El Alamein.
• July 3 – Guadalcanal, occupied only by aborigines falls to the Japanese Naval construction force deployed to construct an air field on the island.
• July 4 – WWII in the European Theater of Operations: US Eighth Air Force flies its first inauspicious mission in Europe using borrowed British planes — Six aircraft went out – only three came back.[1].
• July 6 – Holocaust: Anne Frank's family goes into hiding in an attic above her father's office in an Amsterdam warehouse.
• July 8 – Turkish prime minister Refik Saydam died while working in office. For one day he is succeeded by Ahmet Fikri Tüzer
• July 9 – Şükrü Saracoğlu forms the new government in Turkey. (13 th government)
• July 13 – WWII: German U-Boats sink 3 more merchant ships in the Gulf of St. Lawrence.
• July 14 – WWII: Germany introduces the Ostvolk Medal for Soviet personnel in Wehrmacht
• July 16
  • Holocaust: By order of the Vichy France government headed by Pierre Laval, French police officers round-up 13,000–20,000 Jews and imprison them in the Winter Velodrome.
  • Georges Bégué and others escape from the Mauzac prison camp.
• July 18 – WWII: The Germans test fly the Messerschmitt Me-262 (using only its jets) for the first time.
• July 19 – WWII – Battle of the Atlantic: German Grand Admiral Karl Dönitz orders the last U-boats to withdraw from their United States Atlantic coast positions, in response to an effective American convoy system.
• July 21 – The Japanese establish a beachhead on the north coast of New Guinea in the Buna-Gona area; a small Australian force begins a rearguard action on the Kokoda Track Campaign.
• July 22 – Holocaust: The systematic deportation of Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto begins.
• July 29 – The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR institutes the Order of Suvorov, the Order of Kutuzov, and reinstates the Order of Alexander Nevsky.
• July 30 – Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES).
• July 31 – The Oxford Committee of Famine Relief (OXFAM) is founded.

August

• August 7 – WWII: Battle of Guadalcanal begins – The U.S. Navy and the U.S. Marine Corps begin the first American offensive of the war with an amphibious landing on the island of Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands.
• August 8
  • WWII: In Washington, DC, six Germans would-be saboteurs are executed (Two others were cooperative and received sentences of life imprisonment instead. One was spared because of his quite young age: execution was considered to be too harsh for such a young man. The imprisoned ones were freed a few years after the end of the war.)
  • Quit India resolution is passed by the Bombay session of the All India Congress Committee (AICC), which led to the start of a historical civil disobedience movement across India.
• August 9
  • Indian leader, Mohandas Gandhi is arrested in Bombay by British forces.
  • Start, led by the goalkeeper Nikolai Trusevich, play football against the German Luftwaffe team Flakelf in Nazi-occupied Kiev. Against all odds, they win 5–3. Eight of them are later arrested and tortured, and at least four are killed.
• August 13 – 14 night – In London instruments detect a massive burst of cosmic rays.
• August 15 – WWII: The American tanker SS Ohio reaches Malta as part of the convoy of Operation Pedestal.
• August 16
  • Polish-Jewish teacher Janusz Korczak follows a group of Jewish children into the Treblinka death camp.
  • The U.S. Navy blimp L-8 (Flight 101) comes ashore near San Francisco, eventually coming down in Daly City (the crew is missing).
• August 19 – WWII – Dieppe Raid: Allied forces raid Dieppe, France.
• August 22 – WWII: Brazil declares war on Germany and Italy.
• August 25 – WWII: Japanese marines land at Milne Bay.
• August 30 – Luxembourg is formally annexed to the German Reich.
• August 31 – A general strike is launched in Luxembourg to protest against forced conscription.
• August 31 – September 5– WWII: Battle of Alam Halfa

September

• September 3 – A German attempt to liquidate the Jewish ghetto in Lakhva leads to an uprising.
• September 5 – WWII – Battle of Milne Bay: Japanese forces suffer their first defeat on land.
• September 10 – Women's Auxiliary Ferrying Squadron (WAFS).
• September 12 – The RMS Laconia, carrying civilians, Allied soldiers and Italian POWs, is torpedoed off the coast of West Africa and sinks.
• September 15 – Women's Flying Training Detachment (WFTD).
• September 24 – Andrée Borrel and Lise de Baissac became the first female SOE agents to be parachuted into occupied France.

October

• October 2 – The British cruiser Curaçao collides with the liner Queen Mary off the coast of Donegal and sinks; 338 drown.
• October 3 – The first A-4 rocket is successfully launched from Test Stand VII at Peenemünde, Germany. The rocket flies 147 kilometres wide and reaches a height of 84.5 kilometres, becoming the first man-made object to reach space.
• October 9 – The Statute of Westminster Adoption Act formalizes Australian autonomy.
• October 11 – WWII – Battle of Cape Esperance: On the northwest coast of Guadalcanal, United States Navy ships intercept and defeat a Japanese fleet on their way to reinforce troops on the island.
• October 14 – A German U-boat sinks the ferry SS Caribou, killing 137.
• October 16 – A hurricane and flood in Bombay kill 40,000.
• October 23 – Award-winning composer and Hollywood songwriter Ralph Rainger ("Thanks for the Memory") is among 12 people killed in the mid-air collision between an American Airlines DC-3 airliner and a U.S. Army bomber near Palm Springs, California.
• October 23 – November 4 – WWII – Second Battle of El Alamein: British troops go on the offensive against the Axis forces.
• October 26 – WWII – Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands: two Japanese aircraft carriers are heavily damaged and one U.S.N. carrier is sunk.
• October 28 – The Alaska Highway is completed.
• October 29 – Holocaust: In the United Kingdom, leading clergymen and political figures hold a public meeting to register outrage over Nazi Germany's persecution of Jews.

November

• November 2 – A USAF squadron, including B-24 Liberators, intercepts many Luftwaffe patrols off the coast of Oran, Algeria.
• November 3 – WWII – Second Battle of El Alamein: German forces under Erwin Rommel are forced to retreat during the night.
• November 8 – WWII
  • Operation Torch – United States and United Kingdom forces land in French North Africa.
  • French Resistance Coup in Algiers: 400 French civil resistants neutralize the Vichyist XIXth Army Corps and the Vichyist generals (Juin, Darlan, etc.), so allowing the immediate success of Operation Torch in Algiers, and ultimately the whole of French North Africa.
• November 9 – WWII: U.S serviceman Edward Leonski is hanged at Melbourne's Pentridge Prison for the "Brown-Out" murders of 3 women in May.
• November 10 – WWII: In violation of a 1940 armistice, Germany invades Vichy France, following French Admiral François Darlan's agreement to an armistice with the Allies in North Africa.
• November 12 – WWII – Battle of Guadalcanal: A naval battle near Guadalcanal starts between Japanese and American forces.
• November 13 – WWII:
  • Battle of Guadalcanal: Aviators from the USS Enterprise sink the Japanese battleship Hiei.
  • British forces capture Tobruk.
• November 15 – WWII:
  • The Naval Battle of Guadalcanal ends: Although the United States Navy suffers heavy losses, it retains control of Guadalcanal.
  • A BOAC scheduled passenger flight, a DC-3 with registration G-AGBB, (formerly KLM PH-ALI, Ibis), enroute between Lisbon and Bristol, is attacked over the Bay of Biscay by German fighters. Although damaged, it escapes and lands in England. Other attacks follow on the same aircraft and scheduled route: April 19 and June 1, 1943 (fatal).
  • British forces capture Derna.
• November 19 – WWII – Battle of Stalingrad: Soviet Union forces under General Georgy Zhukov launch the Operation Uranus counter-attacks at Stalingrad, turning the tide of the battle in the USSR's favor.
• November 20 – WWII –British forces capture Benghazi.
• November 21 – The completion of the Alaska Highway (also known as the Alcan Highway) is celebrated (however, the "highway" is not usable by general vehicles until 1943).
• November 22 – WWII – Battle of Stalingrad: The situation for the German attackers of Stalingrad seems desperate during the Soviet counter-attack Operation Uranus, and General Friedrich Paulus sends Adolf Hitler a telegram saying that the German Sixth Army is surrounded.
• November 23 – A German U-boat sinks the S.S. Ben Lomond off the coast of Brazil. One crewman, Chinese second steward Poon Lim, is separated from the others and spends 130 days adrift until he is rescued on April 3, 1943.
• November 26 – The movie Casablanca premières at the Hollywood Theater in New York City.
• November 27 – WWII: At Toulon, the French navy scuttles its ships and submarines to keep them out of Nazi hands.
• November 28
  • In Boston, Massachusetts, a fire in the Cocoanut Grove night club kills 491 people.
  • The large-scale German "pacification" of the Zamojszczyzna region of Poland begins.

December

• December 1 – Gasoline rationing begins in the United States.
• December 2 – Manhattan Project: Below the bleachers of Stagg Field at the University of Chicago, a team led by Enrico Fermi initiates the first self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction (a coded message, "The Italian navigator has landed in the new world" is then sent to U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt).
• December 4 – Holocaust: In Warsaw, 2 women, Zofia Kossak and Wanda Filipowicz, risk their lives by setting up the Council for the Assistance of the Jews.
• December 7 – WWII: British commandos conduct Operation Frankton, a raid on shipping in Bordeaux harbour.
• December 22 – USA – Aliquippa, PA – avalanche kills 26, including Vulcan Crucible Steel Co heir-apparent Samuel A. Stafford Sr., when two 100 ton boulders fall on a bus filled with wartime steel workers on their way home.
• December 24 – French Admiral Darlan, the former Vichy leader who had switched over to the Allies following the Torch landings, is assassinated in Algiers.
• December 27 – The Union of Pioneers of Yugoslavia is founded.

Undated

• The Grand Coulee Dam is finished in the Columbia River.
• DDT is first used as a pesticide.
• C. S. Lewis publishes The Screwtape Letters.
• Lions become extinct in Iran.

Ongoing

• Japanese Occupation of the Philippines (1941–1945)
• World War II (1939–1945)
• Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945)

Births

January

• January 1
  • Martin Frost, American politician
  • Gennadi Sarafanov, Russian cosmonaut (d. 2005)
  • Country Joe McDonald, American musician
• January 2
  • Dennis Hastert, American politician and former Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
  • Hugh Shelton, American Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
• January 3
  • John Thaw, English actor (d. 2002)
  • Laszlo Solyom, President of Hungary
• January 4
  • Dame Marcela Contreras, Chilean-British immunologist and educator
• January 5
  • Maurizio Pollini, Italian pianist
  • Charlie Rose, American talk show host
  • Jan Leeming, former BBC newsreader
• January 7 – Vasiliy Alekseyev, Soviet weightlifter
• January 8
  • Stephen Hawking, British physicist
  • Junichiro Koizumi, former Prime Minister of Japan
  • Yvette Mimieux, American actress
• January 8 – George Passmore, English performance artist (Gilbert and George)
• January 11 – Clarence Clemons, American musician
• January 14 – Yogesh Kumar Sabharwal, Chief Justice of India
• January 15 – Charo, American singer and actress
• January 17
  • Muhammad Ali, American boxer
  • Ulf Hoelscher, German violinist
  • Nancy Parsons, American actress (d. 2001)
• January 19 – Michael Crawford, English singer and actor
• January 20 – Linda Moulton Howe, American investigative journalist and documentary producer-writer-director-editor
• January 25
  • Carl Eller, American football player
  • Eusébio, Portuguese footballer
• January 26 – Souad Hosni, Egyptian actress (d. 2001)
• January 31
  • Derek Jarman, English director and writer (d. 1994)
  • Daniela Bianchi, Italian actress

February

• February 1 – Terry Jones, Welsh actor and writer
• February 2 – Graham Nash, American (English-born) rock musician (CSNY)
• February 5 – Roger Staubach, American football player
• February 9 – Carole King, American singer and composer
• February 12 – Ehud Barak, Prime Minister of Israel
• February 13 – Peter Tork, American musician and actor
• February 14
  • Michael Bloomberg, American businessman, philanthropist, and the founder of Bloomberg L.P., Mayor of New York City
  • Andrew Robinson, American actor
• February 15 – Sherry Jackson, American actress
• February 19 – Paul Krause, American football player
• February 20
  • Phil Esposito, Canadian hockey player
  • Mitch McConnell, American politician
• February 21 – Margarethe von Trotta, German actress, film director, and writer
• February 24 – Joseph Lieberman, American politician
• February 25 – Karen Grassle, American actress
• February 27
  • Robert H. Grubbs, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
  • Michel Forget, Canadian actor
• February 28 – Brian Jones, English musician (The Rolling Stones) (d. 1969)

March

• March 2
  • John Irving, American author
  • Lou Reed, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• March 4
  • Charles C. Krulak, U.S. Marine Corps commander
  • Gloria Gaither, American gospel songwriter
• March 5 – Felipe González Márquez, Spanish politician
• March 7
  • Tammy Faye Bakker, American evangelist, singer and television personality (d. 2007)
  • Michael Eisner, American film studio executive
• March 9 – John Cale, Welsh composer and musician (Velvet Underground)
• March 12 – Jimmy Wynn, American baseball player
• March 13
  • Dave Cutler, American software engineer
  • Scatman John, American musician (d. 1999)
  • George Negus, Australian author, journalist, and television presenter
  • James Fellman, American orthodontist, hunter and developer
• March 16 – James Soong, Taiwan politician
• March 17 – John Wayne Gacy, executed American serial killer (d. 1994)
• March 20 – Earl Bramblett, executed American murderer (d. 2003)
• March 23 – Walter Rodney, Guyanese historian and political figure
• March 25
  • Aretha Franklin, American singer
  • Richard O'Brien, English-born actor and writer
• March 26 – Erica Jong, American author
• March 27
  • John E. Sulston, British chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
  • Michael York, English actor
  • Michael Jackson, English writer (d. 2007)
• March 28
  • Neil Kinnock, British statesman
  • Mike Newell, British film director
  • Conrad Schumann, East German border guard (d. 1998)
  • Jerry Sloan, American basketball coach
• March 29 – Scott Wilson, American actor
• March 30 – Ruben Kun, Nauruan politician and former President of Nauru

April

• April 1 – Annie Nightingale, British DJ
• April 2
  • Hiroyuki Sakai, Japanese chef
  • Leon Russell, American singer, songwriter, pianist, and guitarist
• April 3
  • Marsha Mason, American actress
  • Wayne Newton, American singer
• April 5
  • Peter Greenaway, Welsh filmmaker
  • Pascal Couchepin, Swiss Federal Councilor
• April 6 – Barry Levinson, American film producer and director
• April 8 – Roger Chapman, British rock singer (Family)
• April 9 – James Cowan, Australian novelist
• April 10
  • Nick Auf der Maur, Canadian journalist and politician (d. 1998)
  • Hayedeh, Iranian singer (d. 1990)
• April 12- Jacob Zuma, President of South Africa
• April 14
  • Valeriy Brumel, Russian athlete (d. 2003)
  • Valentin Lebedev, Russian cosmonaut
• April 15
  • Kenneth Lay, American businessman (d. 2006)
  • Julie Sommars, American actress
• April 17
  • Kenas Aroi, Nauruan politician
  • Buster Williams, American jazz bassist
• April 20 – Arto Paasilinna, Finnish author
• April 23 – Sandra Dee, American actress (d. 2005)
• April 24 – Barbra Streisand, American singer, theatre and film actress, composer
• April 25
  • Jon Kyl, American politician
  • Katsuji Adachi, Japanese professional wrestler
• April 26
  • Bobby Rydell, American singer
  • Michael Kergin, Canadian diplomat
  • Claudine Auger, French actress
• April 27 – Jim Keltner, American drummer

May

• May 2 – Jacques Rogge, Belgian International Olympic Committee president
• May 3 – Vera Caslavska, Czech gymnast
• May 5 – Tammy Wynette, American country singer (d. 1998)
• May 8 – Terry Neill, Northern Irish footballer and football manager
• May 9 – John Ashcroft, United States Attorney General
• May 10 – Youssouf Sambo Bâ, Burkinabé politician
• May 12 – Ian Dury, British musician (d. 2000)
• May 17 – Taj Mahal, American singer and guitarist
• May 18
  • Albert Hammond, English-born American musician and composer
  • Nobby Stiles, English footballer
• May 19
  • Gary Kildall, American computer scientist (d. 1994)
  • Robert Kilroy-Silk, British politician and television presenter
• May 20 – David Proval, American actor
• May 22
  • Theodore Kaczynski (aka "The Unabomber"), American criminal
  • Calvin Simon, American musician (P Funk)
  • Rich Garcia, American Major League Baseball Umpire
• May 23 – Gabriel Liiceanu, Romanian philosopher
• May 26 – Levon Helm, American musician (The Band)
• May 28 – Stanley B. Prusiner, American scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

June

• June 2 – Eduard Malofeyev, Russian football coach and former international player
• June 3
  • Curtis Mayfield, American musician (d. 1999)
  • Frank McRae, American actor
• June 8 – James Tien, Hong Kong-Taiwanese actor
• June 10
  • Gordon Burns, British journalist and TV presenter
  • Preston Manning, Canadian politician
• June 12 – Bert Sakmann, German physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate
• June 17
  • Mohamed ElBaradei, Egyptian International Atomic Energy Agency director, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
  • Roger Steffens, Reggae archivist, actor, author, Bob Marley biographer
• June 18
  • Roger Ebert, American film critic and television personality
  • Paul McCartney, British musician and composer
  • Hans Vonk, Dutch conductor
  • Thabo Mbeki, South African politician
  • Nick Tate, Australian actor
• June 19 – Ralna English, American singer
• June 20 – Brian Wilson, American singer (The Beach Boys)
• June 24
  • Mick Fleetwood, English drummer (Fleetwood Mac)
  • Michele Lee, American actress, singer and dancer
• June 26
  • Gilberto Gil, Brazilian singer and Minister of Culture
  • James J. Dillon, American professional wrestling manager
• June 27 – Bruce Johnston, American musician (The Beach Boys)
• June 28 – David Miner, American rock musician and record producer

July

• July 1 – Andrae Crouch, American gospel singer
• July 2 – Vicente Fox, President of Mexico
• July 4
  • Floyd Little, American football player
  • Prince Michael of Kent
• July 7 – Carmen Duncan, Australian actress
• July 8 – Janice Pennington, American model
• July 9 – Richard Roundtree, American actor
• July 10
  • Pyotr Klimuk, Russian cosmonaut
  • Ronnie James Dio, American singer
• July 13
  • Harrison Ford, American actor
  • Roger McGuinn, American musician (The Byrds)
• July 15 – Mil Máscaras, Mexican professional wrestler
• July 18 – Adolf Ogi, member of the Swiss Federal Council
• July 23 – Myra Hindley, English murderer (d. 2002)
• July 24 – Chris Sarandon, American actor
• July 27 – Dennis Ralston, American tennis player
• July 28 – Kaari Utrio, Finnish writer
• July 29 – Tony Sirico, American actor

August

• August 1 – Jerry Garcia, American musician (Grateful Dead) (d. 1995)
• August 2 – Isabel Allende, Chilean writer
• August 4 – David Lange, Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 2005)
• August 7
  • Garrison Keillor, American writer and radio host
  • Tobin Bell, American film and television actor
• August 17 – Roshan Seth, British Indian actor
• August 18
  • Wu Ma, Chinese film actor, director, producer and writer
  • Judith Keppel, first person to win £1,000,000 on Who Wants To Be A Millionaire?
• August 19 – Fred Dalton Thompson, American politician and actor
• August 20 – Isaac Hayes, American singer and actor (d. 2008)
• August 27 – "Captain" Daryl Dragon, American musician (The Captain and Tennille)
• August 28
  • Sterling Morrison, American musician (d. 1995)
  • Jose Eduardo dos Santos, President of Angola
• August 31 – Isao Aoki, Japanese golfer

September

• September 1 – John Lange, American scientist
• September 3 – Michael Hui, Hong Kong film comedian
• September 5 – Werner Herzog, German filmmaker
• September 5 – Bjorn Haugan, Norwegian operatic lyric tenor (d. 2009)
• September 14 – Bernard MacLaverty, Irish writer
• September 15 – Wen Jiabao, Premier of the People's Republic of China
• September 17 – Desmond Lynam, British TV presenter
• September 18 – Gabriella Ferri, Italian singer
• September 19 – Freda Payne, American singer and actress
• September 22 – David Stern, American commissioner of the National Basketball Association
• September 24 – Ilkka "Danny" Lipsanen, Finnish singer
• September 28 – Marshall Bell, American actor
• September 29
  • Madeline Kahn, American actress (d. 1999)
  • Ian McShane, English actor
  • Jean-Luc Ponty, French jazz violinist
• September 30 – Frankie Lymon, American singer (d. 1968)

October

• October 1 – Gunther Wallraff, German investigative journalist
• October 4 – Christopher Stone, American actor (d. 1995)
• October 6
  • Britt Ekland, Swedish actress
  • Fred Travalena, American comedian and impressionist (d. 2009)
• October 7 – Ronald Baecker, American computer scientist
• October 11 – Amitabh Bachchan, Indian actor
• October 12
  • Daliah Lavi, Israelian actress and singer
  • Melvin Franklin, American musician (The Temptations) (d. 1995)
• October 13 – Rutanya Alda, Latvian-American actress
  • Jerry Jones, American football team owner
• October 14 – Evelio Javier, Filipino politician, lawyer, and civil servant (d. 1986)
• October 15
  • Satguru Bodhinatha Veylanswami, American Hindu guru
• October 19 – Andrew Vachss, American author and attorney
• October 20
  • Earl Hindman, American actor (d. 2003)
  • Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, German biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• October 21 – Elvin Bishop, American musician
• October 22 – Annette Funicello, American actress
• October 23 – Michael Crichton, American author (d. 2008)
• October 26 – Bob Hoskins, British actor
• October 29 – Bob Ross, American painter and television presenter (d. 1995)
• October 31 – David Ogden Stiers, American actor and voice-over artist

November

• November 1
  • Larry Flynt, American publisher (Hustler)
  • Ralph Klein, Canadian politician
  • Marcia Wallace, American actress and comedienne
• November 2
  • Shere Hite, American-German sexologist
  • Stefanie Powers, American actress
• November 5 – Pierangelo Bertoli, Italian singer-songwriter (d. 2002)
• November 8 – Angel Cordero Jr., Puerto Rican jockey
• November 8 – Fernando Sorrentino, Argentine writer
• November 10
  • Robert F. Engle, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate
  • Hans-Rudolf Merz, Swiss Federal Councilor
• November 15 – Daniel Barenboim, Argentine-born pianist and conductor
• November 17
  • Derek Clayton, Australian long-distance runner
  • Kang Kek Iew, Cambodian politician and criminal
  • Martin Scorsese, American film director
• November 18
  • Linda Evans, American actress
  • Susan Sullivan, American actress
• November 20 – Joe Biden, Vice President of the United States
• November 22 – Francis K. Butagira, Ugandan ambassador
• November 24 – Billy Connolly, Scottish comedian
• November 26 – Khalil Kalfat, Egyptian intellectual and writer
• November 27
  • Henry Carr, American athlete
  • Jimi Hendrix, American musician (d. 1970)
  • Manolo Blahnik, Spanish shoe designer
• November 28 – Paul Warfield, American football player
• November 29 – Philippe Huttenlocher, Swiss baritone

December

• December 4 – Gemma Jones, British actress
• December 6 – Peter Handke, Austrian novelist
• December 7 – Peter Tomarken, American game-show host (Press Your Luck) (d. 2006)
• December 9 – Dick Butkus, American football player
• December 11 – Donna Mills, American actress
• December 12 – Peter Sarstedt, British musician
• December 17 – Paul Butterfield, American musician (d. 1987)
• December 20 – Bob Hayes, American athlete
• December 21
  • Carla Thomas, American singer
  • Hu Jintao, President of the People's Republic of China
• December 23 – Jorma Kaukonen, American musician (Jefferson Airplane, Hot Tuna)
• December 27 – Charmian Carr, American actress
• December 29 – Rajesh Khanna, Indian actor
• December 30
  • Betty Aberlin, American actress
  • Allan Gotthelf, American philosopher
  • Janko Prunk, Slovenian historian
• December 31 – Andy Summers, English guitarist

Date unknown

• Dick Stockton, American sports announcer
• probable – Muammar al-Gaddafi, leader of Libya

Deaths

January–June

• January 4
  • Mel Sheppard, American athlete (b. 1883)
  • Otis Skinner, stage & film actor (b. 1858)
• January 6 – Henri de Baillet-Latour, Belgian International Olympic Committee president (b. 1876)
• January 14 – Porfirio Barba-Jacob, Colombian poet and writer (b. 1883)
• January 16
  • Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, second youngest son of Queen Victoria (b. 1850)
  • Carole Lombard, American actress (air crash) (b. 1908)
• January 22 – Walter Sickert, English Impressionist painter (b. 1860)
• January 26 – Felix Hausdorff, German mathematician (suicide) (b. 1868)
• February 8 – Fritz Todt, Nazi German engineer (b. 1891)
• February 12 – Grant Wood, American painter (b. 1891)
• February 14 – Mirosław Ferić, Polish pilot of the No. 303 Squadron in Northolt (b. 1915)
• February 19 – Frank Abbandando, American gangster (executed) (b. 1910)
• February 22 – Stefan Zweig, Austrian writer (suicide with wife) (b. 1881)
• February 28 – Karel Doorman, Dutch admiral (sinking ship) (b. 1889)
• March 1
  • Cornelius Vanderbilt III, American military officer, inventor, and engineer (b. 1873)
  • George S. Rentz, United States Navy Chaplain and Navy Cross winner (b. 1882)
• March 8 – José Raúl Capablanca, Cuban chess player (b. 1888)
• March 10 – William Henry Bragg, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1862)
• March 21 – J.S Woodsworth, Canadian politician (b. 1874)
• April 15 – Robert Musil, Austrian-born novelist (b. 1880)
• April 16 – Princess Alexandra of Edinburgh and Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, granddaughter of Queen Victoria
• April 17 – Jean Baptiste Perrin, French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1870)
• April 18 – Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, American sculptor and socialite (b. 1875)
• April 24
  • Deenanath Mangeshkar, Indian singer and composer (b. 1900)
  • Lucy Maud Montgomery, Canadian writer (b. 1874)
• May 2 – Jose Abad Santos, Filipino chief justice of the Supreme Court (b. 1886)
• May 3 – Thorvald Stauning, Prime Minister of Denmark (b. 1873)
• May 7 – Felix Weingartner, Yugoslavian conductor (b. 1863)
• May 10 – Joe Weber, American vaudevillian (b. 1867)
• May 14 – Frank Churchill, American composer (b. 1901)
• May 27 – Chen Duxiu, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (b. 1879)
• May 29 – John Barrymore, American actor (b. 1882)
• May 29 – Akiko Yosano, Japanese author, poet (b. 1878)
• June 4 – Reinhard Heydrich, chief of the Nazi Reich Main Security Office and Reich governor of Bohemia and Moravia (assassinated) (b. 1904)
• June 5 – Virginia Lee Corbin, American actress (b. 1910)
• June 7 – Alan Blumlein, English electronics engineer (b. 1903)
• June 26 – Gene Stack, first American major league baseball player to be drafted during WWII and also the first to die in service (b. 1920)
• June 30 – William Henry Jackson, American photographer (b. 1843)

July–December

• July 1 – Peadar Mac Fhionnlaoich, Irish language writer (b. 1857)
• July 8 – Refik Saydam, prime minister of Turkey in his office (b.1881)
• July 15 – Wenceslao Vinzons, Filipino politician and resistance leader (bayoneted to death) (b. 1910)
• July 23 – Adam Czerniakow, Polish engineer and senator (suicide) (b. 1880)
• July 26 – Roberto Arlt, Argentine writer (b. 1900)
• July 28 – William Matthew Flinders Petrie, English Egyptologist (b. 1853)
• July 30 – Jimmy Blanton, American bassist (b. 1918)
• August 3
  • James Cruze, American actor (b. 1884)
  • Richard Willstätter, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1872)
• August 12 – Phillips Holmes, American actor (b. 1907)
• August 22 – Michel Fokine, Russian choreographer and dancer (b. 1880)
• August 25 – Prince George, Duke of Kent, fourth eldest son of King George V (b. 1902)
• September 14 – Ezra Seymour Gosney, American philanthropist and eugenicist (b. 1855)
• October 15 – Marie Tempest, English stage & film actress (b. 1864)
• October 20 – May Robson, Australian actress (b. 1858)
• October 23 – Ralph Rainger, American composer and Hollywood songwriter (b. 1901)
• November 1 – Hugo Distler, German composer (b. 1908)
• November 5 – George M. Cohan, American songwriter and entertainer (Yankee Doodle Dandy) (b. 1878)
• November 9 – Edna May Oliver, stage & film character actress (b. 1883)
• November 12 – Laura Hope Crews, American stage & film actress (Aunt PittyPat) (b. 1879)
• November 16 – Josef Schmidt, Polish tenor (b. 1904)
• November 19 – Bruno Schulz, Polish writer and painter (shot) (b. 1892)
• November 21 – Leopold Graf Berchtold, Austro-Hungarian foreign minister (b. 1863)
• November 30 – Buck Jones, American actor (b. 1891)
• December 3 – Henner Henkel, German tennis champion (b. 1915)
• December 7 – Orland Steen Loomis, Governor-elect of Wisconsin (b. 1893)
• December 12 – Helen Westley, stage and film character actress (b. 1875)
• December 22 – Franz Boas, German anthropologist (b. 1858)
• December 24 – Francois Darlan, French Naval officer (b. 1881)

Nobel Prizes

• Physics – none
• Chemistry – none
• Medicine – none
• Literature – none
• Peace – none

Ship events

• List of ship launches in 1942
• List of ship commissionings in 1942
• List of ship decommissionings in 1942
• List of shipwrecks in 1942

Notes

External links

• 1942 Coin Pictures

Table of contents

From Wikiquote

From StrategyWiki, the free strategy guide and walkthrough wiki

1942
Developer(s)	Capcom
Publisher(s)	Capcom
Release date(s)	1984
Genre(s)	Shooter
System(s)	Arcade, Amstrad CPC, Commodore 64/128, Game Boy Color, MSX, NES, Sinclair ZX Spectrum, GameTap
Players	1-2
Followed by	1943: The Battle of Midway
Series	1940s

Wikipedia has an article about:

1942 (video game)

1942 is considered one of the defining games of the vertically scrolling shooter genre. Among Capcom's earliest games, 1942 was one of the most successful. The subject of the game isn't hard to figure out. You play an American pilot pitted against the whole of the Japanese Air Force during World War II in the titular year. Following the format established in Xevious, enemies come out in periodic waves, taking shots at your before turning around and attempting to escape with their lives. Larger air craft that required more shots appeared less frequently and added to the challenge by blocking the shots that you fire at crafts higher up on the screen. Besides shooting, the player can also perform a 'loop-the-loop' to avoid enemy fire. 1942 incorporates a few power-ups that help increase your plane's firepower, while occasionally increasing your exposure.

1942 was picked up for distribution on several popular European home computers by Elite Systems, and relicensed for distribution by Encore. ASCII Corporation brought 1942 to home computers in Japan by porting the game to the MSX1 computer system, and later releasing a graphically updated version for the more capable MSX2 computer. Capcom personnel ported the game to the Famicom/NES system which sold very successfully. While 1942 was not the first Capcom game to receive a sequel, but it was their first game to spawn a series, including the more successful follow-up, 1943. 1942 has also been subsequently released on several Capcom compilation titles for many later-gen systems.

Story

1942 is set in the Asian theater of World War II. The goal is to reach Tokyo and destroy the entire Japanese air fleet. The player (the American 'Super Ace') pilots a plane, and must survive wave after wave of Japanese air fleets, shooting down as many enemy planes as possible.

Table of Contents

• How to play
• Walkthrough
• Home version comparison

Gameplay summary

• The player controls a Lockheed P-38 Lightning, dubbed the "Super Ace".
• The Super Ace can fly throughout most of the visible screen, constantly scrolling vertically upwards.
• The Super Ace can fire a gun with unlimited ammo up towards the top of the screen, and has a limited supply of loop maneuvers that allows him to completely avoid enemy bullets.
• The Super Ace will lose one life if it is ever hit with an enemy bullet, or it collides with an enemy plane.
• When a series of red planes appear, a power-up icon will appear if all of the planes are successfully destroyed.
• Larger planes will appear from time to time which take more shots to shoot down.
• A stage boss will appear at the end of four different stages which takes substantially more shots to destroy.

From Wikia Gaming, your source for walkthroughs, games, guides, and more!

1942
Developer(s)	Capcom
Publisher(s)	Capcom
Designer(s)	Yoshiki Okamoto
Release date	Arcade: December 1984 (NA) Famicom: December 11, 1985 (JP) NES: November 1986 (NA)
Genre	Vertical Shoot 'em up
Mode(s)	Single player 2 player Cooperative
Age rating(s)	N/A Arcade NES
Platform(s)	Arcade NEC PC-8801 Commodore 64 ZX Spectrum MSX MSX2 Famicom Nintendo Entertainment System Game Boy Color As Part of: Capcom Generation 1 Capcom Classics Collection Capcom Classics Collection: Reloaded
Media	Cartridge NES
Input	Arcade: 8-Way Joystick, 2 Buttons NES Controller
Credits | Soundtrack | Codes | Walkthrough

1942 is an arcade game released by Capcom in 1984. The game is the first game Okamoto designed at Capcom. It was later ported to many game consoles and home consoles.

The game was updated as 1942: Joint Strike.

Gameplay

1942 is set in World War II. The player (the American 'Super Ace') controlled a plane. The players goal was to destroy enemy planes.

Technical Specs

Main CPU  : Z80 (@ 4 Mhz)
Sound CPU  : Z80 (@ 3 Mhz)
Sound Chips : (2x) AY8910 (@ 1.5 Mhz)
Screen orientation : Vertical
Video resolution  : 224 x 256 pixels
Aspect Ratio  : 3/4
Screen refresh  : 60.00 Hz
Palette Colors  : 256
Players : 1 to 2
Control : 8-Way joystick
Buttons : 2

Screenshots

Arcade Title Screen

Gallery

Commodore 64 Boxart

Famicom Boxart

NES Boxart

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