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See also: 1948 in India, other events of 1949, 1950 in India and the Timeline of Indian history.

Events

• 1 January - After eight months of fighting between the Indian forces and the Pakistan Army agreed to a ceasefire, ordered by the United Nations Security Council, takes effect in Kashmir region.
• 1 April - The Reserve Bank of India is established.
• 28 April - India issues the London Declaration, enabling it (and, thereafter, any other nation) to remain in the British Commonwealth despite becoming a republic, creating the position of 'Head of the Commonwealth', and renaming the organisation as the 'Commonwealth of Nations'.
• 6 June - With the passage of the Bodh Gaya Temple Act by the Indian government, Mahabodhi Temple is restored to partial Buddhist control.
• 15 November - Nathuram Godse and Narayan Apte executed for assassinating Mahatma Gandhi.
• 26 November - New constitution is adopted by the Indian Constituent Assembly.
• 28 December - Central Reserve Police Force Act enacted.

Births

• 13 January - Rakesh Sharma, Indian Air Force pilot and cosmonaut.
• 7 March - Ghulam Nabi Azad, politician.
• 4 April - Parveen Babi, actress (d.2005).
• 30 October - Pramod Mahajan, politician (d.2006).

Deaths

• 10 April - Birbal Sahni, paleobotanist (b.1891).
• 19 June - Syed Zafarul Hasan, Muslim philosopher (b.1885).
• 15 November - Narayan Apte, accomplice in assassination of Mahatma Gandhi, executed (b.1911).
• 15 November - Nathuram Godse, assassin of Mahatma Gandhi, executed (b.1910).