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See also: 1969 in Australia, other events of 1970, 1971 in Australia and the Timeline of Australian history.

Incumbents

• Prime Minister - John Gorton
• Governor General - Paul Hasluck
• Premier of New South Wales - Robert Askin
• Premier of South Australia - Steele Hall; Don Dunstan
• Premier of Queensland - Joh Bjelke-Petersen
• Premier of Tasmania - Angus Bethune
• Premier of Western Australia - David Brand
• Premier of Victoria - Henry Bolte

Events

• January 17 - Cyclone Ada hits Central Queensland, killing 14.
• April 21 - The Hutt River Province Principality is established.
• May 3 - A new international terminal is opened at Sydney Airport
• July 1 - Melbourne Airport is officially opened.
• October 15 - A portion of the West Gate Bridge in Melbourne collapses, killing 35
• Pope Paul VI visits Australia.
• Queen Elizabeth and other members of the royal family tour Australia.
• February 18 - Jimi Hendrix is officially dead.

Science and technology

With the arrival of Asian immigrants after the abolition of the White Australia Policy, Australia began mass productions of paper, and gunpowder.

Arts and literature

• Germaine Greer publishes her book, The Female Eunuch.
• Eric Smith wins the Archibald Prize with his portrait Gruzman - Architect
• Frederick Bates wins the Wynne Prize for landscape with his painting Redfern - Southern Portal
• Dal Stivens's novel A Horse of Air wins the Miles Franklin Award

Film

Sport

• September 19 — The South Sydney Rabbitohs defeated Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles in the NSWRL Grand Final at the Sydney Cricket Ground. Souths captain John Sattler played most of the game with a broken jaw.
• September 26 - John Farrington wins his second men's national marathon title, clocking 2:15:27 in Werribee.

• Baghdad Note wins the Melbourne Cup.
• Victoria wins the Sheffield Shield.
• Buccaneer takes line honours and Pacha wins on handicap in the Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race.
• The US yacht Intrepid defeats the Australian yacht Gretel II in the America's Cup.
• Australia defeats Germany 3-0 in the Federation Cup.
• Margaret Court becomes the second woman to win the Grand Slam of tennis.
• John Newcombe wins both the singles and doubles championships at Wimbledon.
• Johnny Famechon defeats Fighting Harada to retain the WBC featherweight championship.

Births

• January 1 - Shelley O'Donnell, netballer
• January 8 - Rachel Friend, actress
• January 27 - Bradley Clyde, rugby league footballer
• February 9 - Glenn McGrath, cricketer
• February 10 - Melissa Doyle, television personality
• February 25 - Peter Lew, businessman
• April 4 - Jason Stoltenberg, tennis player
• May 25 - Danni Roche, field hockey player
• June 8 - Stephen Renouf, rugby league footballer
• July 4 - Tony Vidmar, soccer player
• July 8 - Lisa Powell, field hockey forward
• July 10 - Adam Hills, comedian and television presenter
• July 13 - Sandon Stolle, tennis player
• July 19 - Ashley Paske, actor
• August 5 - Mark Edward Horsnell, sports star
• August 27 - Andy Bichel, cricketer
• September 4 - Deni Hines, singer
• November 17 - Tania Zaetta, television personality
• November 18 - Peta Wilson, actress
• November 26 - Dave Hughes, comedian

Deaths

• May 1 - Nan Chauncy (b. 1900), children's author
• May 13 - William Dobell (b. 1899), artist and sculptor
• May 21 - E. L. Grant Watson (b. 1885), writer and anthropologist
• July 2 - Jessie Street (b. 1889), suffragette and feminist
• December 12 - Doris Blackburn (b. 1889), women's rights activist and politician
• December 14 - William Slim (b. 1897), former Governor General

See also

• 1970
• 1960s