From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
1982 Pacific hurricane
season
Season summary map |
| First storm formed: |
May 20, 1982 |
| Last storm dissipated: |
November 25, 1982 |
| Strongest storm: |
Olivia – 145 mph (230 km/h) (1-minute
sustained) |
| Total depressions: |
30 |
| Total storms: |
23 |
| Hurricanes: |
12 |
| Major hurricanes (Cat. 3+): |
5 |
| Total fatalities: |
At least 1000 |
| Total damage: |
$250 million (1982 USD)
$565 million (2009 USD) |
Pacific hurricane
seasons
1980, 1981,
1982, 1983, 1984 |
|
The 1982 Pacific hurricane season officially
started May 15, 1982 in the eastern Pacific, and June 1, 1982 in
the central Pacific, and lasted until November 30, 1982. These
dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most
tropical cyclones form in the northeastern Pacific Ocean.
The 1982 season was an eventful one. Hurricane Paul killed over
1,000 people before it was named. Hurricanes Daniel and Gilma
both briefly threatened Hawaii, while Hurricane Iwa caused heavy
damage to Kauai and Niihau. The remnants of Hurricane
Olivia brought heavy rain to a wide swath of the western United
States.
Storms
This season had nineteen tropical storms, eleven hurricanes, and
five major hurricanes. Three tropical storms and one hurricane— a
record number of named storms— formed in the central Pacific. This
was largely due to a strong El Niño present during the season.
Tropical
Storm Aletta
|
Tropical storm (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
May 20 – May 29 |
|
Intensity |
65 mph (100 km/h)
(1-min) |
A tropical disturbance was first noted on May 18 about 500 miles (800 km)
south-southwest of Acapulco, Mexico. It developed into a tropical
depression on May 20, and a tropical storm around noon on May 21.
The cyclone turned northeast, reaching its peak intensity of
50 kt/55 mph (89 km/h)
on May 23. As the upper level westerlies weakened on May 25, Aletta
slowed and moved in a large clockwise loop until May 28 before
dissipating on May 29 roughly 290 km/180 mi southwest of
Acapulco.[1]
Tropical Depression
Two-E
|
Tropical depression (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
May 31 – June 4 |
|
Intensity |
35 mph (55 km/h)
(1-min) |
This system originated as a low in the western Caribbean Sea on
the morning of May 27. The next day it moved southwest into Guatemala with significant
thunderstorm activity, emerging into the Gulf of
Tehuantepec around noon on May 29. By May 31, it was organized
enough to be considered a tropical depression. Slowly weakening on
June 1 as it remained quasi-stationary, the system dissipated in
the Gulf of Tehuantepec on June 4.[1]
Tropical Depression
Three-E
|
Tropical depression (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
June 13 – June 15 |
|
Intensity |
30 mph (45 km/h)
(1-min) |
This cyclone formed well to the west-southwest of Mexico on June
12. The depression slowly recurved due to an upper level low
located well to its north-northwest. By June 15, vertical wind
shear had taken its toll and the system dissipated about
300 mi (500 km) north of where it formed.[1]
Tropical
Storm Bud
|
Tropical storm (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
June 15 – June 17 |
|
Intensity |
50 mph (85 km/h)
(1-min) |
On June 15, this cyclone formed about 400 nm (740 km)
southwest of Acapulco. Drifting west-northwest, it quickly
strengthened into a tropical storm. Maximum sustained winds peaked
near 45 kt/50 mph (80 km/h)
late on June 15. Turning south of due west, vertical wind shear
weakened Bud, with the cyclone dissipating by the morning of June
17 about 200 nm/370 km north-northwest of Clipperton
Island.[1]
Tropical Depression
Five-E
|
Tropical depression (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
June 17 – June 19 |
|
Intensity |
35 mph (55 km/h)
(1-min) |
Late on June 16, deep convection organized in the Gulf of
Tehuantepec into a tropical depression. Transcribing a small
clockwise loop, the system moved west-northwest. Interaction with
Mexico likely played a role in its weakening as water temperatures
under the system were never below 28C/82F. The system dissipated
about 150 km (90 mi) south of Puerto Ángel by
the morning of June 19.[1]
Tropical
Storm Carlotta
|
Tropical storm (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
July 1 – July 6 |
|
Intensity |
60 mph (95 km/h)
(1-min) |
A tropical wave crossed Central America on June 26, creating an
area of thunderstorms just inside the tropical eastern Pacific that
morning. Cyclonic turning was evident by the night of June 30 while
located roughly 350 mi/550 km south of Manzanillo as the
system continued westward. Slowly turning northwest, the system was
upgraded to a tropical depression early on July 1 and a tropical
storm by nightfall. Maximum sustained winds increased to 60 mph (97 km/h)/50 knots
by noon July 3. Increasingly southwest flow aloft turned Carlotta
more northward into cooler waters, causing the cyclone to regain
tropical depression status on the evening of July 4, ultimately
dissipating southwest of Cabo San Lucas the next evening.[1]
Tropical Depression
Seven-E
|
Tropical depression (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
July 3 – July 3 |
|
Intensity |
35 mph (55 km/h)
(1-min) |
The system formed between Tropical Storm Carlotta and the
Hawaiian Islands on the evening of July 2. Slowly recurving north
and northeast, the system moved into cooler waters and dissipated
about 100 mi/160 km north of where it formed by the
afternoon of July 3.[1]
Hurricane
Daniel
|
Category 3 hurricane (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
July 7 – July 22 |
|
Intensity |
115 mph (185 km/h)
(1-min) |
Tropical Depression Eight-E formed south of Mexico on July 7.
Moving west-northwest, the cyclone slowly strengthened into a
tropical storm around noon on July 8 before becoming a hurricane
late in the afternoon of July 9. Daniel reached its maximum
intensity of 100 kt/115 mph (185 km/h)
early in the morning of July 11 a few hundred miles southwest of
Manzanillo, Mexico. As the storm moved westward, it slowly
weakened. Daniel regained tropical storm status during the night of
July 14, entering the Central Pacific Basin as a weakening tropical
storm on the morning of July 16. Daniel retained tropical storm
intensity for the next few days before weakening into a tropical
depression about 280 miles (450 km)
south southwest of the Big Island of Hawaii, being sheared by the
same upper trough that caused Emilia's dissipation a few days
earlier. Daniel turned northward, and on July 22, dissipated in the
Alenuihaha Channel between Maui
and the Big Island of
Hawaii.[2]
Tropical
Storm Emilia
|
Tropical storm (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
July 12 – July 15 |
|
Intensity |
65 mph (100 km/h)
(1-min) |
Tropical Depression Nine-E developed near 10.0° N 136.5° W on
the morning of July 12. Intensifying, the cyclone became a tropical
storm later that day. Emilia moved westward around 11 kt/13 mph (21 km/h)
and entered the Central Pacific Basin on the night of July 12. Over
the next day, the storm moved west-northwest, reaching maximum
sustained winds of 55 knots/65 mph (105 km/h).
An upper trough to the west weakened Emilia rapidly due to vertical
wind shear, and the cyclone weakened to tropical depression status
early on the morning of July 15. Dissipation of the tropical
depression was noted by afternoon.[2]
Tropical Depression
Ten-E
|
Tropical depression (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
July 14 – July 14 |
|
Intensity |
35 mph (55 km/h)
(1-min) |
To the east of Daniel, a tropical depression formed on the
evening of July 13 a few hundred miles west-southwest of
Manzanillo. The system moved westward and weakened thereafter,
dissipating about 200 mi/320 km west of where it had
formed by the afternoon of July 14.[1]
Tropical Depression
Eleven-E
|
Tropical depression (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
July 16 – July 17 |
|
Intensity |
35 mph (55 km/h)
(1-min) |
A tropical disturbance was spotted about 930 km/650 mi
southwest of Acapulco on July 12. By the evening of July 15,
cyclonic turning was evident and the system was upgraded to a
tropical depression. Moving unsteadily to the west-northwest, the
system weakened, dissipating a few hundred miles west-northwest of
where it had formed.[1]
Hurricane
Fabio
|
Category 1 hurricane (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
July 17 – July 25 |
|
Intensity |
80 mph (130 km/h)
(1-min) |
The cyclone developed as a tropical depression southeast of
Manzanillo on July 17. Over the next couple of days, it
strengthened rapidly into a hurricane as it moved northwest,
peaking in intensity with 75 mph (121 km/h)/65 kt
winds. Gradual weakening occurred as Fabio turned westward along
the 19th
parallel north into cooler waters, eventually dissipating late
on July 24.[1]
Hurricane
Gilma
|
Category 3 hurricane (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
July 26 – August 2 |
|
Intensity |
125 mph (205 km/h)
(1-min) |
Tropical Depression Thirteen-E formed near 9.5°N 117°30'W and
moved slightly north of west. Tropical storm status was attained
near noon on July 26, and the cyclone crossed the threshold of
hurricane strength late on the night of July 27. By noon on July
29, Gilma reached it maximum intensity of 110 kt/125 mph (201 km/h)
well to the east-southeast of Hawaii. The cyclone weakened and sped
up its motion to the west-northwest, crossing into the Central
Pacific Basin as a category one hurricane very early on July 30.
Gilma was downgraded to a tropical storm late in the morning of
July 30, and a tropical depression early on the morning of August 1
as the circulation passed 50 miles (80 km)
south of South Point. The cyclone dissipated late on August 1 as it
passed 200 miles (300 km)
south of Kauai.[2]
Hurricane
Hector
|
Category 1 hurricane (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
July 29 – August 3 |
|
Intensity |
75 mph (120 km/h)
(1-min) |
On July 23, a tropical wave moved off the Colombian coast. The
related convection moved westward at over 20 mph (32 km/h).
By the evening of July 27, the system slowed its forward motion.
The next evening, a tropical depression organized within the
thunderstorm activity well to the south of Baja
California. Strengthening continued, as Hector became a
tropical storm on the morning of July 29 and a hurricane by noon on
July 30. A combination of vertical wind shear and cooler waters
ahead of the cyclone led to its weakening trend, which hastened on
August 1. It weakened to a tropical storm on the morning of August
2 and to a depression soon thereafter while located midway between
the Hawaiian Islands and southern Baja California.[1]
Tropical
Storm Iva
|
Tropical storm (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
August 1 – August
8 |
|
Intensity |
40 mph (65 km/h)
(1-min) |
A tropical disturbance was discovered 460 km/300 mi
south of Acapulco on July 31. Moving west-northwest, it achieved
tropical depression status that night and tropical storm status on
August 2 while 1340 km/800 mi west-southwest of Acapulco.
Northeasterly upper level shear appears to have been Iva's nemesis,
as the system weakened back into a tropical depression by the
afternoon of August 3 as it turned west-southwest. The depression
maintained strength for another several days before dissipating
well east-southwest of Hilo, Hawaii on the morning of August
8.[1]
Hurricane
John
|
Category 3 hurricane (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
August 2 – August
11 |
|
Intensity |
115 mph (185 km/h)
(1-min) |
Tropical Depression Sixteen-E formed on August 3 in the East
Pacific between Hawaii and Mexico. The system intensified into a
tropical storm by noon August 4, and a hurricane on the morning of
August 5. John reached its peak intensity of 100 knots/115 mph (185 km/h)
as it moved into the Central Pacific Basin on August 6. Weakening
commenced on August 7 due to westerly vertical wind shear caused by
the semi-permanent mid-oceanic upper trough, and John weakened to a
tropical storm on the night of August 8. It passed by as a tropical
depression about 180 miles (290 km)
south of the Island of Hawaii, and dissipated late on August
10 to the southwest of Hawaii.[2]
Hurricane
Kristy
|
Category 1 hurricane (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
August 8 – August
17 |
|
Intensity |
90 mph (150 km/h)
(1-min) |
Tropical Depression Seventeen-E formed by noon on August 8 in
the East Pacific. The low moved west, intensified, and became
Tropical Storm Kristy by midnight, and a hurricane by midnight on
the night of August 9. Weakening as it entered the Central Pacific,
Kristy regained tropical storm status late on August 10 while
moving south of due west at a rapid 25 knots/30 mph (48 km/h).
As it slowed down and turned northwest, Kristy began to
restrengthen. Hurricane intensity was reached again on the evening
of August 13. By noon on August 14, the cyclone passed 250 miles (400 km)
south of South Point, Hawaii. Westerly winds aloft slowed Kristy's
forward motion down additionally, and Kristy weakened back into a
tropical storm on August 15. Turning more to the west with the low
level wind flow, the cyclone was downgraded to a tropical
depression by noon on August 16 and dissipated that night southwest
of Hawaii.[2]
Tropical
Storm Lane
|
Tropical storm (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
August 8 – August
15 |
|
Intensity |
65 mph (100 km/h)
(1-min) |
The originating disturbance of this system emerged off San
José, Costa Rica on August 4 and slowly consolidated. By the
afternoon of August 8, Tropical Depression Eighteen-E developed
well south of Cabo
San Lucas. The next morning it had continued strengthening into
a tropical storm. Maximum sustained winds reached 60 mph (97 km/h)/50 knots
as it continued moving west-northwest. Vertical wind shear reached
Lane on August 10, which led to weakening. It weakened to a
tropical depression late on August 11, but sporadic thunderstorm
blowups near the center kept the system alive for another few days.
Dissipation occurred on the evening of August 14 as it crossed the
140th
meridian west.[1]
Hurricane
Miriam
|
Category 1 hurricane (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
August 30 – September
6 |
|
Intensity |
85 mph (140 km/h)
(1-min) |
Tropical Depression Nineteen-E formed on August 29 a couple
hundred miles southwest of Manzanillo, Mexico. The depression moved
west-northwestward, intensifying into a tropical storm by noon on
August 30 and a hurricane by noon on August 31. Peak intensity of
75 knots/90 mph (145 km/h)
was attained during the early morning of September 1. For the next
couple of days, Miriam remained unchanged in strength. By late on
September 3, a weakening trend was realized as it passed into the
Central Pacific by the afternoon of September 4. Shearing apart
soon afterwards, the low moved northwest and weakened into a
tropical depression well to the east of Hawaii on the morning of
September 5. It drifted north, and became a nontropical low by
September 6. The cyclone was last noted near 30°N 149°W, continuing
its northward trek.[2]
Tropical
Storm Akoni
|
Tropical storm (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
August 30 – September
2 |
|
Intensity |
50 mph (85 km/h)
(1-min) |
Tropical Depression One-C formed along the eastern end of the
West Pacific monsoon trough on August 30 about
1120 km/700 mi east of the International Dateline, well
to the west-southwest of Hawaii. Moving slowly westward, the system
intensified rapidly into a tropical storm by noon and was named
Akoni.[2] The
name "Akoni" is short for Anakoni, which is Hawaiian
for "Anthony".[3]
Maximum sustained winds increased to 50 knots/60 mph (97 km/h)
late on August 31 as Akoni moved near the ship Nana Lolo a
few hundred miles east of the International Dateline. An upper
trough to the northwest set Akoni on a weakening curve, and the
cyclone diminished to a tropical depression on the evening of
September 1 as it moved with the low level flow. The weakening
depression passed the International Dateline into the western
Pacific on the morning of September 2.[2]
Hurricane
Norman
|
Category 2 hurricane (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
September 9 – September
18 |
|
Intensity |
105 mph (165 km/h)
(1-min) |
Northeasterly shear slowed the development of the initial
tropical depression which formed into Norman. Strengthening began
in earnest on September 11, and the cyclone became a tropical
storm, and then a hurricane by early on September 13. Maximum
sustained winds reached nearly 85 knots/95 mph (153 km/h)
by September 15. A mid-latitude trough dug in from the north,
weakening the ridge north of Norman and leading to a northward
motion. Increased vertical wind shear and cooler waters weakened
the hurricane, with dissipation occurring just west of Baja
California on September 18. On September 17 and 18, moisture from
Norman brought scattered rain to California and Arizona.[4]
Tropical Depression
Twenty-One-E
|
Tropical depression (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
September 11 –
September 12 |
|
Intensity |
35 mph (55 km/h)
(1-min) |
A tropical depression formed well east-southeast of Hawaii late
on September 10. Moving over cooler waters soon after formation,
the depression dissipated by the next evening near 14°N 134°W.[1]
Tropical
Storm Ema
|
Tropical storm (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
September 15 –
September 19 |
|
Intensity |
45 mph (75 km/h)
(1-min) |
An area of convection formed near 15°N 140°W and by 15
September, a tropical depression had formed within the thunderstorm
activity. Strengthening as it moved slowly north-northeast, the
cyclone became a tropical storm late that day. Ema became
stationary between the morning of September 16 and September 17
before resuming its north-northeast heading. Its peak intensity was
40 knots/45 mph (72 km/h).
Upper level shear weakened the system into a tropical depression by
noon on September 18. As it crossed the 140th
meridian west back into the eastern Pacific near the 20th
parallel north, the depression dissipated.[2]
Tropical
Storm Hana
|
Tropical storm (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
September 15 –
September 19 |
|
Intensity |
45 mph (75 km/h)
(1-min) |
An area of thunderstorms stewed south of the Hawaiian Islands
for several days. By September 15, it had organized into Tropical
Depression Three-C, and quickly became a tropical storm that
afternoon. The cyclone moved north-northwest for a day before
slowing to a crawl for the next day. The cyclone turned southwest
and weakened into a tropical depression due to vertical wind shear.
It dissipated southwest of Hawaii near 13°N 162°W late on September
18.[1]
Hurricane
Olivia
|
Category 4 hurricane (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
September 18 –
September 25 |
|
Intensity |
145 mph (230 km/h)
(1-min) |
Ship reports indicated that a tropical depression had formed
about 640 km/400 mi south-southwest of Acapulco around
noon on September 18. The system drifted north-northwest,
developing into a tropical storm that night. About 24 hours
later, Olivia became a hurricane. Rapid intensification continued,
and Olivia reached its peak intensity of 130 mph (210 km/h)/115 knots
winds around noon September 21, becoming the strongest storm of the
season. The next day, waters under the tropical cyclone began to
cool as the hurricane gained increasing latitude offshore Mexico.
By noon on September 23, the cyclone had weakened into a tropical
storm west of Baja California. Strong southwest flow to its north
spread precipitation through the western United States into
southwest Canada. The cyclone weakened to a tropical depression
about 800 km/500 mi southwest of San Diego and the surface low was last seen
dissipating on September 25 about 400 km/250 mi
west-southwest of San Diego. The heavy rain in California wiped out
half of the raisin crop, a quarter of the wine crop, and a tenth of
the tomato crop. Olivia's remnants brought rain totals of over
177 mm/7" to California and northern Utah as they interacted
with a strong upper level system and the local topography. [5] The
precipitation from this storm largely contributed to the record
monthly precipitation in Salt Lake City, Utah of 7.04 in
(179 mm).
Hurricane
Paul
|
Category 2 hurricane (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
September 18 –
September 30 |
|
Intensity |
110 mph (175 km/h)
(1-min) |
Paul was the deadliest storm of the season. Only as a tropical
depression, it killed over 1,000 people in Guatemala and El Salvador. It moved
westward, reached 110 mph (180 km/h)
Category 2 hurricane strength, and made landfall on northwest
Mexico in late September.[1]
Despite the fact that it was only numbered when it killed over
1,000 people, Paul is still the second-deadliest East Pacific
tropical cyclone. Only the unnamed 1959 Mexico
Hurricane killed more people.
Tropical
Storm Rosa
|
Tropical storm (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
September 30 – October
6 |
|
Intensity |
50 mph (85 km/h)
(1-min) |
A well-organized tropical depression formed in the Gulf of
Tehuantepec on September 30. Moving slowly northwest, the system
became a tropical storm, reaching maximum sustained winds of 50 mph (80 km/h)/45 knots
on the afternoon of October 2. The system slowly weakened as it
moved northwest, and Rosa brushed the Pacific coast of Mexico as a
dissipating depression.[1]
Hurricane
Sergio
|
Category 3 hurricane (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
October 14 – October
23 |
|
Intensity |
125 mph (205 km/h)
(1-min) |
A tropical disturbance was noted southwest of Costa Rica on October 12.
Moving west-northwest, the system organized into a tropical
depression as it crossed the 91st meridian west late on October
13 and became a tropical storm by October 14 as it entered the Gulf
of Tehuantepec. It strengthened into a hurricane late that day as
it passed 95°W. By the afternoon of October
17, Sergio was packing sustained winds of 120 mph (190 km/h)/105 knots.
Cooler water was reached soon afterwards, and weakening commenced.
While slowly moving west, Sergio weakened to a tropical storm by
the afternoon of October 21 and to a tropical depression late on
October 22. The system dissipated near 19°N 133°W on the afternoon
of October 23.[1]
Tropical
Storm Tara
|
Tropical storm (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
October 19 – October
26 |
|
Intensity |
50 mph (85 km/h)
(1-min) |
A tropical disturbance emerged off the coast of Central America.
Cyclonic turning was noted on the afternoon of October 19, and a
tropical depression formed 560 km/350 mi south of
Acapulco. Staggering west-northwestward, the cyclone became a
tropical storm by the morning of the October 22. Maximum sustained
winds increased to 45 knots/50 mph (80 km/h)
late on October 24. As it moved over cooler waters on October 25,
the system weakened to a tropical depression that afternoon,
dissipating that night near 21°N 130°W.[1]
Hurricane
Iwa
|
Category 1 hurricane (SSHS) |
|
|
| Duration |
November 19 – November
25 |
|
Intensity |
90 mph (150 km/h)
(1-min) |
Main article:
Hurricane IwaLate in the season, a nearly stationary disturbance with a
cyclonic circulation organized into a tropical storm and was named
Iwa. Iwa is Hawaiian for "thief", and refers to a
kind of frigatebird
that steals fish from other birds. The storm accelerated northeast
after reaching hurricane intensity November 23.
Iwa's eye passed with 25 miles (40 km)
of Kauai and even closer to Niihau. Both islands were caught
in the storm's dangerous semicircle. Iwa continued northeast and
became extratropical November 25.
Damage was extensive and amounted to a quarter billion dollars,
which was the costliest tropical cyclone for Hawaii until Hurricane Iniki
struck in 1992.[6] Most of
the damage was from the winds. Despite the damage, there was only
one death on the islands.
1982 storm
names
The following names were used for named storms that formed in
the eastern Pacific in 1982. No Eastern Pacific names were retired,
so it was used again in the 1988 season. This is the
same list used in the 1978 season, except for
Fabio, which replaced Fico. A storm was
named Fabio for the first time in 1982. Names that were not
assigned are marked in gray.
- Aletta
- Bud
- Carlotta
- Daniel
- Emilia
- Fabio
- Gilma
|
- Hector
- Iva
- John
- Kristy
- Lane
- Miriam
- Norman
|
- Olivia
- Paul
- Rosa
- Sergio
- Tara
-
Vicente (unused)
-
Willa (unused)
|
Four names from the Central Pacific list were used - Akoni, Ema,
Hana, and Iwa.
This was the first usage for all of these names. With four names
being used, this season holds the record for most named storms
forming in the central Pacific.
Administrative Changes
This is the first year that named storms forming between the dateline and 140°W
were given names from the Hawaiian language. Previous to this
year, names and numbers from the western Pacific's typhoon list
were used.
After this year that it was decided to use six-year lists in the
eastern Pacific, instead of four-year ones. This is the reason that
this season's list is the same as the 1978 season's list.
Retirement
One name was retired from the Central Pacific list after the
1982 season, Iwa. It was replaced with
Io. Iwa is one of only three Central Pacific names
to have been retired.
See also
References
External
links
|
Tropical cyclones of the 1982 Pacific hurricane
season
|
* Central Pacific system |
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