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Events

January-March

• January 28 - Various artists, under the group name USA For Africa, including Ray Charles, Bob Dylan, Michael Jackson, Billy Joel, Cyndi Lauper, Steve Perry, Kenny Loggins, Willie Nelson, Lionel Richie, Smokey Robinson, Kenny Rogers, Diana Ross, Paul Simon, Bruce Springsteen, Huey Lewis, Tina Turner, Sheila E., Harry Belafonte, Lindsey Buckingham, Kim Carnes, Dionne Warwick, Waylon Jennings, Bob Geldof and Stevie Wonder, record the song "We Are the World".^[1]
• February 21 - Whitney Houston releases her first album after signing to Arista Records.
• March 27 - The South African Broadcasting Corporation bans Stevie Wonder's music in response to Wonder dedicating the Oscar he had won the night before to Nelson Mandela. ^[2]
• March 28 - A wax likeness of Michael Jackson is unveiled at Madame Tussaud's wax museum in London, UK. ^[3]

April-June

• April 1 - After months of squabbling, David Lee Roth leaves Van Halen to begin a solo career. ^[4]
• April 10 - Madonna begins her very first tour, The Virgin Tour (named after her Like a Virgin album) in Seattle, Washington, USA. ^[5]
• May 4 - With La det swinge by Bobbysocks!, Norway scores its first win at the Eurovision Song Contest 1985 in Gothenburg, Sweden. And so ends 25 years of frustration.
• June 11 - Madonna ends The Virgin Tour at Madison Square Garden in New York, USA.

July-September

• July 13 - The Live Aid concert takes place in Wembley Stadium, London, UK and Philadelphia, USA. The headlining acts at the latter venue included a Led Zeppelin reunion, the first since their 1980 disbandment. ^[6]
• August 16 - On her 27th birthday, Madonna marries actor Sean Penn. They divorce on September 14, 1989.
• September 6 - Michael Jackson purchases the publishing rights for most of the Beatles' music for US$47 million, much to the dismay of Paul McCartney, whom he is bidding against. ^[7]
• September 19 - The Parents Music Resource Center's (P.M.R.C.) United States Senate hearing on rock censorship begin in Washington, D.C., USA. Heavy metal singer Dee Snider of Twisted Sister, rock star Frank Zappa and country singer John Denver testify against the P.M.R.C.
• September 22 - The Farm Aid concert is held in Champaign, Illinois, USA.

October-December

• November 16 - John Farnham, formerly a teen idol in Australia (as Johnny Farnham), revives his recording career when his hit, "You're The Voice" goes to the top of the charts at #1 for seven weeks and his album Whispering Jack goes to the top of the Albums charts at #1 for a record-breaking twenty-five weeks.
• December 5 - The first fully digital reggae single, Wayne Smith's "(Under Me) Sleng Teng", is recorded at Prince Jammy's studio; it is the beginning of ragga style reggae.

Undated

• Eric B. & Rakim meet and begin making music together.
• The former Beatles producer George Martin works with country music legend Kenny Rogers on the album The Heart of the Matter.
• Several hundreds of thousands of U.S. dollars in publishing royalties are released to the surviving members, and families of the deceased members, of the British music group, Badfinger. Two band members, Pete Ham and Tom Evans, previously committed suicide due to financial problems.

Bands formed

• See Musical groups established in 1985

Bands disbanded

• Cheech & Chong
• Chic
• Devo (reform in 1987 and disband again in 1990)
• Dr. Hook
• The Go-Go's
• Hanoi Rocks
• The J. Geils Band
• Men at Work
• Mercyful Fate (reform in 1993)
• Minutemen
• Orange Juice
• The Police
• Quarterflash
• The Specials
• Split Enz
• The Sugarhill Gang
• Weather Report

Albums released

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Unknown release date

• Ancient Artifacts - D.I.
• Alternating Currents - Spyro Gyra
• Baggariddim - UB40
• Beat Happening - Beat Happening
• Begegnungen II - Eno Moebius Roedelius Plank
• Bites - Skinny Puppy
• The Blasting Concept Vol. 2 - Various Artists
• Bo Diddley & Co. - Live - Bo Diddley
• Branded and Exiled - Running Wild
• Christmas Time - Chris Stamey
• Clan of Xymox - Clan of Xymox
• Company Of Justice - Play Dead
• Cuori agitati - Eros Ramazzotti
• A Diamond Hidden in the Mouth of a Corpse - Giorno Poetry Systems
• False Accusations - The Robert Cray Band
• Fear and Whiskey - Mekons
• Fear No Evil - Grim Reaper
• For The Working Class Man - Jimmy Barnes
• Futile Combat - Skeletal Family
• Garista (re-release) - zoviet*france:
• Hero - Clarence Clemons & the Red Bank Rockers
• Horse Bites Dog Cries - D.I.
• I Am The Night - Pantera
• Into The Fire Live - Play Dead
• Kingdom In The Streets - Dion DiMucci
• Little Baggariddim EP - UB 40
• Live in Carré - The Dubliners
• Machine Age Voodoo - SPK
• Mental Notes - Bad Manners
• Mayhem - Toyah (compilation)
• Minx - Toyah Willcox (solo debut)
• No Muss...No Fuss - Donnie Iris
• Off the Board - Ludichrist
• Old Land - Cluster & Brian Eno
• One for the Road - April Wine
• One Clear Moment - Linda Thompson
• Salad Days (EP) - Minor Threat
• Say You Love Me - Jennifer Holliday
• Shamrock Diaries - Chris Rea
• Silvertone - Chris Isaak
• Syirin Farthat - Elvy Sukaesih
• The Best Of Elvy Sukaeish - Elvy Sukaesih
• Talk about the Weather - Red Lorry Yellow Lorry
• Telephone Free Landslide Victory - Camper Van Beethoven
• Through A Window - Patrick Sky
• 10 from 6 - Bad Company
• Thursday Afternoon - Brian Eno
• The UB40 File - UB40
• U.T.F.O.- UTFO
• Without Love - Black N' Blue
• Wonderful - Circle Jerks
• Zaman - Ebiet G. Ade

Biggest hit singles

The following songs achieved the highest in the charts of 1985.^[8]

#	Artist	Title	Year	Country	Chart Entries
1	USA For Africa	We Are the World	1985		UK 1 - Apr 1985, US BB 1 - Mar 1985, US CashBox 1 of 1985, Canada 1 - Apr 1985, Holland 1 - Mar 1985, Sweden 1 - Mar 1985, Sweden (alt) 1 - Apr 1985, Switzerland 1 - Apr 1985, Norway 1 - Mar 1985, Poland 1 - Mar 1983, Australia 1 of 1985, Italy 1 of 1985, Éire 1 - Apr 1985, New Zealand 1 for 7 weeks Apr 1985, Australia 1 for 9 weeks Dec 1985, Grammy in 1985, Austria 2 - Apr 1985, Germany 2 - Apr 1985, Global 4 (20 M sold) - 1985, South Africa 8 of 1985, US BB 40 of 1985, POP 71 of 1985, RIAA 121, Germany 263 of the 1980s, OzNet 418, Acclaimed 1371
2	a-ha	Take On Me	1985		US BB 1 - Aug 1985, Canada 1 - Aug 1985, Holland 1 - Oct 1985, Sweden (alt) 1 - Oct 1985, France 1 - May 1985, Switzerland 1 - Nov 1985, Norway 1 - Nov 1984, Poland 1 - Dec 1985, Germany 1 - Jan 1986, Australia 1 for 2 weeks Aug 1986, Scrobulate 1 of 80s, UK 2 - Sep 1985, Sweden 4 - Aug 1985, Austria 4 - Dec 1985, Italy 7 of 1986, KROQ 7 of 1985, RYM 8 of 1984, Australia 12 of 1985, US CashBox 15 of 1985, Europe 20 of the 1980s, POP 31 of 1985, Global 33 (5 M sold) - 1985, US BB 36 of 1985, Germany 81 of the 1980s, Party 133 of 2007, OzNet 795, Acclaimed 2396
3	Foreigner	I Want to Know What Love Is	1985	/	UK 1 - Dec 1984, US BB 1 - Dec 1984, Canada 1 - Dec 1984, Sweden 1 - Dec 1984, Sweden (alt) 1 - Dec 1984, Norway 1 - Jan 1985, Poland 1 - Mar 1983, Éire 1 - Jan 1985, New Zealand 1 for 3 weeks Feb 1985, Australia 1 for 5 weeks Oct 1985, Switzerland 2 - Jan 1985, Germany 4 - Jan 1985, Australia 5 of 1985, Holland 6 - Dec 1984, Austria 7 - Feb 1985, US CashBox 8 of 1985, South Africa 12 of 1985, POP 17 of 1985, US BB 34 of 1985, Europe 38 of the 1980s, OzNet 180, RYM 186 of 1984, Germany 255 of the 1980s, Rolling Stone 476, Acclaimed 659
4	Tears For Fears	Shout	1985		US BB 1 - Jun 1985, Canada 1 - Feb 1985, Holland 1 - Jan 1985, Switzerland 1 - Feb 1985, Germany 1 - Jan 1985, New Zealand 1 for 3 weeks Mar 1985, Australia 1 for 1 weeks Nov 1985, France 3 - Dec 1984, Poland 3 - Mar 1983, UK 4 - Dec 1984, Sweden 5 - Dec 1984, Norway 5 - Mar 1985, KROQ 5 of 1985, Austria 6 - Mar 1985, US CashBox 13 of 1985, Australia 14 of 1985, Sweden (alt) 16 - Feb 1985, South Africa 16 of 1985, Italy 20 of 1985, RYM 27 of 1984, Scrobulate 36 of 80s, Germany 104 of the 1980s, Acclaimed 974
5	Madonna	Into the Groove	1985		UK 1 - Jul 1985, Holland 1 - Aug 1985, Éire 1 - Aug 1985, New Zealand 1 for 6 weeks Aug 1985, Australia 1 for 4 weeks Mar 1986, Sweden 2 - Aug 1985, Switzerland 2 - Aug 1985, Australia 2 of 1985, Italy 2 of 1985, Sweden (alt) 3 - Aug 1985, Germany 3 - Aug 1985, Norway 4 - Aug 1985, US BB 7 of 1985, Austria 7 - Sep 1985, France 9 - Aug 1985, RYM 9 of 1985, POP 13 of 1985, Poland 19 - Sep 1985, Scrobulate 73 of 80s, Party 193 of 1999, OzNet 200, Acclaimed 235, Germany 271 of the 1980s

Top hits

• "A New England" - Kirsty MacColl (released in 1984)
• "A View to a Kill" - Duran Duran
• "After The Love Has Gone" - Princess
• "Alive and Kicking" - Simple Minds
• "All I Need" - Jack Wagner
• "Angel" - Madonna
• "Appetite" - Prefab Sprout
• "Barbados" - Models
• "Barbarism Begins At Home" - The Smiths
• "Body & Soul" - Mai Tai
• "Born in the U.S.A." - Bruce Springsteen
• "The Boy With The Thorn In His Side" - The Smiths
• "The Boys of Summer" - Don Henley (released in 1984)
• "Broken Wings" - Mr. Mister
• "Brothers in Arms" -Dire Straits
• "Borderline" - Madonna (UK only)
• "Call Me" - Go West
• "Can't Fight This Feeling" - REO Speedwagon
• "Centerfield" - John Fogerty
• "C'était mon ami" - Dalida
• "Chain Reaction" - Diana Ross #1
• "Children's Crusade" - Sting
• "Close To Me" - The Cure
• "Cloudbusting" - Kate Bush
• "Could It Be I'm Falling in Love" - David Grant and Jaki Graham
• "Crazy for You" - Madonna
• "Dancing in the Street" - David Bowie and Mick Jagger
• "Day By Day" - Shakatak with Al Jarreau
• "Devuélveme a mi chica" - Hombres G
• "Dirty Old Town" - The Pogues
• "Do It for Love -Sheena Easton
• "Don't Break My Heart" - UB40
• "Don't Come Around Here No More" - Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers
• "Don't Lose My Number" - Phil Collins
• "Don't You (Forget About Me)" - Simple Minds (released in 1984)
• "Dress You Up" - Madonna
• "Duel" - Propaganda
• "E=MC²" - Big Audio Dynamite
• "Eighties" - Killing Joke
• "Éthiopie" - Chanteurs sans Frontières
• "Everybody Wants to Rule the World" - Tears for Fears
• "Everything She Wants" - Wham! (released in 1984)
• "Everytime You Go Away" - Paul Young
• "Find A Way" - Amy Grant
• "Faron Young" - Prefab Sprout
• "Fortress Around Your Heart" - Sting
• "Frankie" - Sister Sledge
• "Freeway of Love" - Aretha Franklin
• "Gambler" - Madonna
• "Gimme, Gimme, Gimme" - Narada Michael Walden and Patti Austin
• "Glory Days" - Bruce Springsteen
• "(Gotta Be) Wrong Way To Love" - Dynamic Hepnotics
• "Head Over Heels" - Tears for Fears
• "The Heat Is On" - Glenn Frey
• "Heaven" - Bryan Adams
• "History" - Mai Tai
• "Hold Me" - Menudo
• "Hounds of Love" - Kate Bush
• "How Soon Is Now?" - The Smiths
• "I Love Her All The Time" - Sonic Youth
• "I Was Born to Love You" - Freddie Mercury
• "If Ever You're In My Arms Again" - Peabo Bryson
• "If You Love Somebody Set Them Free" - Sting
• "I'm Goin' Down" - Bruce Springsteen
• "I'm On Fire" - Bruce Springsteen
• "In Between Days" - The Cure
• "Into the Groove" - Madonna
• "Indianapolis" - Menudo
• "Invincible" - Pat Benatar
• "I Want to Know What Love Is" - Foreigner
• "Je te donne" - Jean-Jacques Goldman and Michael Jones
• "Jealous Guy" - John Lennon
• "Johnny Come Home" - Fine Young Cannibals
• "Johnny, Johnny" - Jeanne Mas
• "Just Like Honey" - The Jesus and Mary Chain
• "Kayleigh" - Marillion
• "Kiss the Dirt (Falling Down the Mountain)" - INXS
• "Lay Your Hands On Me" - Thompson Twins
• "Le temps d'aimer" - Dalida
• "Le Vénitien de Levallois" - Dalida
• "Lean on Me (ah-li-ayo)" - Red Box
• "Let's Go Crazy/Take Me With U" - Prince and the Revolution
• "Listen Like Thieves" - INXS
• "Life in a Northern Town" - The Dream Academy
• "Like A Virgin" - Madonna (released in 1984)
• "Live Is Life" - Opus
• "Living on My Own" - Freddie Mercury
• "Love Is the Seventh Wave" - Sting
• "The Love Parade" - The Dream Academy
• "Love Like Blood" - Killing Joke
• "Lover Why" - Century
• "Lovergirl" - Teena Marie (released in 1984)
• "Loverboy" - Billy Ocean
• "Madhouse" - Anthrax
• "Marcia baila" - Rita Mitsouko
• "Mated" - David Grant and Jaki Graham
• "Miami Vice Theme" - Jan Hammer
• "Material Girl" - Madonna
• "Meat Is Murder" - The Smiths
• "Merry Christmas Everyone" - Shakin' Stevens
• "Money for Nothing" - Dire Straits
• "Mothers Talk" - Tears For Fears
• "Move Closer" - Phyllis Nelson
• "Nightshift" - The Commodores
• "Ni tú ni nadie" - Alaska y Dinarama
• "19" - Paul Hardcastle
• "Never Surrender" - Corey Hart
• "Oh Sheila" - Ready for the World
• "One Lonely Night" - REO Speedwagon
• "One More Night" - Phil Collins
• "One Night in Bangkok" - Murray Head
• "One Vision" - Queen
• "Only the Young" - Journey
• "Out Of Mind Out Of Sight" - Models #1
• "Party All the Time" - Eddie Murphy
• "Part-Time Lover" - Stevie Wonder
• "Piece By Piece" - The Tubes
• "Private Dancer" - Tina Turner
• "The Power of Love" - Huey Lewis and the News
• "Raspberry Beret" - Prince and the Revolution
• "Reviens-moi" - Dalida
• "Running Up That Hill" - Kate Bush
• "Russians (song)" - Sting
• "Saving All My Love for You" - Whitney Houston
• "Say I'm Your Number One" - Princess
• "Say You, Say Me" - Lionel Richie
• "See the Day" - Dee C. Lee
• "Separate Lives" Phil Collins with Marilyn Martin
• "Shout" - Tears for Fears
• "So far away" - Dire Straits
• "So In Love" - Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark
• "So Red The Rose" - Arcadia
• "Society Is A Hole" - Sonic Youth
• "Some Heads Are Gonna Roll" - Judas Priest
• "Some Like It Hot" - Power Station
• "Somebody" - Bryan Adams
• "Sad Songs (Say So Much)" - Elton John
• "Something About You" - Level 42
• "Spanish Eddie" - Laura Branigan
• "Square Rooms" - Al Corley
• "St. Elmo's Fire (Man in Motion)" - John Parr
• "Shake the Disease" - Depeche Mode
• "Suddenly" - Billy Ocean
• "Summer of 69" - Bryan Adams
• "The Super Bowl Shuffle" - 1985 Chicago Bears
• "Sussudio" - Phil Collins
• "System Addict" - Five Star
• "Take On Me" - a-ha (released in 1984)
• "Tarzan Boy" - Baltimora
• "That Joke Isn't Funny Anymore" - The Smiths
• "That's What Friends Are For" - Dionne Warwick (duets with Elton John, Gladys Knight & Stevie Wonder)
• "There Must Be an Angel (Playing with My Heart)" - Eurythmics
• "The Big Money" - Rush
• "The Big Sky" - Kate Bush
• "The Sun Always Shines on T.V." - a-ha
• "The Whole Of The Moon" - The Waterboys
• "This Is England" - The Clash
• "This Time" - INXS
• "Venezia" - Hombres G
• "Walk Like a Man" - Divine
• "Walk of Life (Dire Straits song)" - Dire Straits
• "Walls Come Tumbling Down" - The Style Council
• "We Are the World" - USA for Africa
• "We Built This City" - Jefferson Starship
• "We Close Our Eyes" - Go West
• "We Need Protection" - Picnic at the White House
• "We Work The Black Seam" - Sting
• "West End Girls" - Pet Shop Boys
• "When Love Breaks Down" - Prefab Sprout (released in 1984)
• "Wise Up" - Amy Grant
• "What You Need" - INXS
• "When Love Breaks Down" - Prefab Sprout
• "When the Rain Begins to Fall" - Pia Zadora and Jermaine Jackson
• "Who's Zoomin' Who?" - Aretha Franklin
• "Working Class Man" - Jimmy Barnes
• "Would I Lie To You?" - Eurythmics
• "You Spin Me Round (Like A Record)" - Dead or Alive
• "You Give Good Love" - Whitney Houston
• "You're Only Human (Second Wind)" - Billy Joel
• "You're The Voice" - John Farnham (#1 in Australia, UK, and Quebec; not released in the rest of North America until 1990)

Classical music

• John Adams - The Chairman Dances
• Mario Davidovsky - Capriccio for Two Pianos
• Peter Maxwell Davies - Orkney Wedding, With Sunrise
• Henri Dutilleux - L'arbre des Songes violin concerto
• Lorenzo Ferrero
  • Canzoni d'amore (song cycle)
  • Empty Stage
  • My Rock
• Jacques Hétu - Missa pro trecentisimo anno
• Nicholas Jackson - Organ Sonata
• Witold Lutosławski
  • Chain 2
  • Chain 3
• John Rutter - Requiem
• Alfred Schnittke - String Trio
• Joan Tower - Piano Concerto
• Robert Ward - Raleigh Divertimento

Opera

• Dominick Argento - Casanova's Homecoming
• Lorenzo Ferrero
  • Mare nostro
  • Salvatore Giuliano
  • Night
• Dorothy Rudd Moore - Frederick Douglass

Ballet

• Lorenzo Ferrero
  • Lotus Eaters

Musical theater

• Big River - Broadway, New York, USA production
• Dames at Sea - off Broadway revival
• The King and I (Rodgers & Hammerstein) - Broadway revival
• Me and My Girl (Noel Gay) - London, UK revival
• Les Misérables - London production
• Mystery of Edwin Drood - Broadway production
• Seven Brides for Seven Brothers (Saul Chaplin, Gene de Paul and Johnny Mercer) - London production
• Singin' in the Rain - Broadway production
• Song and Dance - Broadway production

Musical films

• A Chorus Line
• That's Dancing!

Births

• February 20 - Yulia Volkova, Russian singer, (t.A.T.u.)
• April 3 - Leona Lewis, singer
• May 10 - Ashley Poole, singer Dream
• May 22 - Vangie Tang, singer
• June 15 - Nadine Coyle, Girls Aloud
• July 17 - Tom Fletcher, McFLY
• August 1 - Dina, singer
• August 3 - Holly Arnstein, singer Dream
• September 23 - Diana Ortiz, singer Dream
• October 15 - Nicola Roberts, Girls Aloud
• October 22 - Zac Hanson, Hanson
• October 25 - Ciara, singer
• December 10 - Raven-Symoné, actress and singer
• December 23 - Harry Judd, McFLY

Deaths

• January 4 - Lovro von Matačić, Croatian conductor
• January 10 - Anton Karas, Austrian zither player and composer
• February 7 - Matt Monro (54), English singer (liver cancer)
• February 11 - Heinz Eric Roemheld, American composer
• February 12 - Leslie Sarony, English singer, comedian and songwriter
• February 18
  • Willy Alberti, Dutch singer
  • Gábor Darvas, composer and musicologist
• February 22 - Efrem Zimbalist, violinist
• February 28 - David Byron (38), vocalist of Uriah Heep (alcohol-related)
• March 1 - Eugene List, American classical pianist
• March 16 - Roger Sessions, American composer
• March 23 - Zoot Sims (59), jazz saxophonist
• March 31 - Jeanine Deckers (51), known as The Singing Nun (suicide)
• May 2 - Bridget D'Oyly Carte, opera impresario
• May 8 - Karl Marx, composer and conductor
• May 19 - Hilding Rosenberg, composer
• July 23 - Kay Kyser, US bandleader
• August 11 - Nick Ceroli (45), jazz drummer
• August 24 - Paul Creston, American composer
• September 6 - Little Brother Montgomery, jazz and blues pianist and singer
• September 11 - William Alwyn, English composer
• September 18 - Ed Lewis, jazz trumpeter
• October 6 - Nelson Riddle, US conductor, composer and arranger
• October 11 - Tex Williams, US country singer
• October 14 - Emil Gilels, pianist
• October 18 - Stefan Askenase, pianist
• October 20 - Boris Lisanevich, dancer
• October 21 - Ricky Wilson (32), founding member of The B-52's (AIDS)
• November 15 - Seán Ryan, Irish fiddler and whistler
• December 12 - Ian Stewart (47), The Rolling Stones (heart attack)^[9]
• December 22 - D. Boon (27), lead singer of Minutemen (car accident)
• December 31 - Ricky Nelson (45), singer, former teen idol (plane crash) ^[10]
• date unknown - Rodolfo Arizaga, Argentinian composer

Awards

• Eurovision Song Contest 1985
• 27th Japan Record Awards

Charts

• Billboard (USA) Main article: Hot 100 number-one hits of 1985 (United States)

References

1. ^ unattributed (undated). "We Are The World by U.S.A. For Africa". Songfacts. http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=1560. Retrieved 2008-04-18.  
2. ^ Associated Press (March 27, 1985). "Stevie Wonder Music Banned in South Africa". New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F00E4DD1438F934A15750C0A963948260. Retrieved 2008-07-15.  
3. ^ Unattributed (2005). "Michael Jackson, 1985". Michael Jackson in the Early 1980's. http://www.mj-in-the-early-80s.com/1985.htm. Retrieved 2008-07-15.  
4. ^ Dan Halen (undated). "Chronology". Archived from the original on 2009-10-21. http://www.webcitation.org/5khD6jYpx. Retrieved 2008-07-15.  
5. ^ Madonnatribe (undated). "The Virgin Tour". http://www.ultimatemadonna.com/the_virgin_tour/. Retrieved 2008-07-15.  
6. ^ mdh (1995). "Live Aid Programme". http://www.herald.co.uk/local_info/live_aid.html#prog. Retrieved 2008-07-15.  
7. ^ MJ Cafe (2008). "When did Michael buy the Beatles' songs?". http://www.mjcafe.net/the%20legend%20speeches%20&%20faq/b4.htm. Retrieved 2008-07-15.  
8. ^ Hawtin, Steve (2007). "Songs from the Year 1985". Steve Hawtin/TsorT. http://tsort.info/music/yr1985.htm. Retrieved 2008-04-13.  
9. ^ Ray Connelly (2003). "Stu". Out-Take Limited. http://www.out-take.co.uk/ot/ray_connelly.php. Retrieved 2008-07-15.  
10. ^ unattributed (1987). "Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Inductee Ricky Nelson". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. http://www.rockhall.com/inductee/ricky-nelson. Retrieved 2008-07-15.  

See also

• Hot 100 number-one hits of 1985 (United States)
• Record labels established in 1985