From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

November 23 is the 327th day of the year (328th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 38 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 1227 – Polish Prince Leszek I the White is assassinated at an assembly of Piast dukes at Gąsawa.
• 1248 – Conquest of Seville by the Christian troops under King Ferdinand III of Castile.
• 1499 – Pretender to the throne Perkin Warbeck is hanged for reportedly attempting to escape from the Tower of London. He had invaded England in 1497, claiming to be the lost son of King Edward IV of England.
• 1531 – The Second war of Kappel results in the dissolution of the Protestant alliance in Switzerland.
• 1644 – John Milton publishes Areopagitica, a pamphlet decrying censorship.
• 1808 – French and Poles defeat the Spanish at battle of Tudela
• 1844 – Independence of the Duke of Schleswig-Holstein from Denmark.
• 1863 – American Civil War: Battle of Chattanooga begins – Union forces led by General Ulysses S. Grant reinforce troops at Chattanooga, Tennessee and counter-attack Confederate troops.
• 1867 – The Manchester Martyrs are hanged in Manchester, England for killing a police officer while freeing two Irish nationalists from custody.
• 1876 – Corrupt Tammany Hall leader William Marcy Tweed (better known as Boss Tweed) is delivered to authorities in New York City after being captured in Spain.
• 1889 – The first jukebox goes into operation at the Palais Royale Saloon in San Francisco.
• 1890 – King William III of the Netherlands dies without a male heir and a special law is passed to allow his daughter Princess Wilhelmina to become his heir.
• 1903 – Governor of Colorado James Peabody sends the state militia into the town of Cripple Creek to break up a miners' strike.
• 1910 – Johan Alfred Ander becomes the last person in Sweden to be executed.
• 1914 – Mexican Revolution: The last of U.S. forces withdraw from Veracruz, occupied seven months earlier in response to the Tampico Affair.
• 1918 – Heber J. Grant succeeds Joseph F. Smith as the seventh president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
• 1934 – An Anglo-Ethiopian boundary commission in the Ogaden discovers an Italian garrison at Walwal, well within Ethiopian territory. This leads to the Abyssinia Crisis.
• 1936 – The first edition of Life is published.
• 1940 – World War II: Romania becomes a signatory of the Tripartite Pact, officially joining the Axis Powers.
• 1943 – World War II: The Deutsche Opernhaus on Bismarckstraße in the Berlin neighborhood of Charlottenburg is destroyed. It will eventually be rebuilt in 1961 and be called the Deutsche Oper Berlin.
• 1943 – World War II: Tarawa and Makin atolls fall to American forces.
• 1946 – French Navy fire in Hai Phong, Viet Nam, kills 6,000 civilians.
• 1955 – The Cocos Islands are transferred from the control of the United Kingdom to Australia.
• 1959 – General Charles de Gaulle, President of France, declares in a speech in Strasbourg his vision for a "Europe, "from the Atlantic to the Urals."
• 1963 – The BBC broadcasts the first ever episode of Doctor Who (starring William Hartnell) which is the world's longest running science fiction drama.
• 1971 – Representatives of the People's Republic of China attend the United Nations, including the United Nations Security Council, for the first time.
• 1976 – Apneist Jacques Mayol is the first man to reach a depth of 100 m undersea without breathing equipment.
• 1979 – In Dublin, Ireland, Provisional Irish Republican Army member Thomas McMahon is sentenced to life in prison for the assassination of Lord Mountbatten.
• 1980 – A series of earthquakes in southern Italy kills approximately 4,800 people.
• 1981 – Iran-Contra Affair: Ronald Reagan signs the top secret National Security Decision Directive 17 (NSDD-17), giving the Central Intelligence Agency the authority to recruit and support Contra rebels in Nicaragua.
• 1985 – Gunmen hijack EgyptAir Flight 648 while en route from Athens to Cairo. When the plane lands in Malta, Egyptian commandos storm the hijacked jetliner, but 60 people die in the raid.
• 1990 – The first all woman expedition to the south pole (3 Americans, 1 Japanese and 12 Russians), sets off from Antarctica on the 1st leg of a 70 day, 1287 kilometre ski trek.
• 1993 – Rachel Whiteread wins both the £20,000 Turner Prize award for best British modern artist and the £40,000 K Foundation art award for the worst artist of the year.
• 1996 – Ethiopian Airlines Flight 961 is hijacked, then crashes into the Indian Ocean off the coast of Comoros after running out of fuel, killing 125.
• 2001 – Convention on Cybercrime is signed in Budapest, Hungary.
• 2003 – Georgian president Eduard Shevardnadze resigns following weeks of mass protests over flawed elections.
• 2005 – Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf is elected president of Liberia and becomes the first woman to lead an African country.
• 2007 – MS Explorer, a cruise liner carrying 154 people, sinks in the Antarctic Ocean south of Argentina after hitting an iceberg near the South Shetland Islands. There were no fatalities.

Births

• 912 – Otto I the Great, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 973)
• 1221 – King Alfonso X of Castile (d. 1284)
• 1402 – Jean de Dunois, French soldier (d. 1468)
• 1417 – William FitzAlan, 16th Earl of Arundel, English politician (d. 1487)
• 1553 – Prospero Alpini, Italian physician and botanist (d. 1617)
• 1616 – John Wallis, English mathematician (d. 1703)
• 1632 – Jean Mabillon, French palaeographer and diplomat (d. 1707)
• 1641 – Anthonie Heinsius, Dutch statesman (d. 1720)
• 1705 – Thomas Birch, English historian (d. 1766)
• 1715 – Pierre Charles Le Monnier, French astronomer (d. 1799)
• 1719 – Spranger Barry, Irish actor (d. 1777)
• 1749 – Edward Rutledge, U.S. statesman (d. 1800)
• 1760 – François-Noël Babeuf, French revolutionary (d. 1797)
• 1785 – Jan Roothaan, Dutch priest (d. 1853)
• 1803 – Theodore Dwight Weld, Leading abolitionist of American Slavery (d. 1895)
• 1804 – Franklin Pierce, 14th President of the United States (d. 1869)
• 1820 – Isaac Todhunter, British mathematician (d. 1884)
• 1837 – Johannes Diderik van der Waals, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1923)
• 1838 – Stephanos Skouloudis, Greek banker, diplomat and Prime Minister (d. 1928)
• 1859 – Billy The Kid, American outlaw (d. 1881)
• 1860 – Hjalmar Branting, Prime Minister of Sweden, and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1925)
• 1861 – Konstantin Korovin, Russian painter (d. 1939)
• 1864 – Henry Bourne Joy, American automobile executive (d. 1936)
• 1869 – Valdemar Poulsen, Danish engineer (d. 1942)
• 1875 – Anatoly Lunacharsky, Russian literary critic and politician (d. 1933)
• 1876 – Manuel de Falla, Spanish composer (d. 1946)
• 1883 – José Clemente Orozco, Mexican painter (d. 1949)
• 1887 – Eduardo Corrochio, Spanish-born dancer (d. 1943)
• 1887 – Boris Karloff, British actor (d. 1969)
• 1887 – Henry Moseley, English physicist (d. 1915)
• 1888 – Harpo Marx, American comedian (d. 1964)
• 1889 – Harry Sunderland, Australian rugby league identity (d. 1964)
• 1890 – El Lissitzky, Russian artist and architect (d. 1941)
• 1892 – Erté, French artist (d. 1990)
• 1897 – Nirad C. Chaudhuri, Indian writer (d. 1999)
• 1899 – Manuel dos Reis Machado, Brazilian martial arts Master (d. 1974)
• 1897 – Karl Gebhardt, Nazi doctor (d. 1948)
• 1902 – Aaron Bank, American Office of Strategic Services officer and founder of the US Army Special Forces (d. 2004)
• 1902 – Victor Jory, Canadian actor (d. 1982)
• 1907 – Lars Leksell, Swedish physician (d. 1986)
• 1908 – Nelson S. Bond, American science fiction writer (d. 2006)
• 1909 – Nigel Tranter, British historian and writer (d. 2000)
• 1912 – George O'Hanlon, American actor (d. 1989)
• 1913 – Michael Gough, English actor
• 1914 – Roger Avon, English actor (d. 1998)
• 1915 – John Dehner, American actor (d. 1992)
• 1916 – P. K. Page, Canadian poet (d. 2010)
• 1920 – Paul Celan, Romanian-born German poet (d. 1970)
• 1920 – Wayne Thiebaud, American painter
• 1921 – Fred Buscaglione, Italian singer and actor (d. 1960)
• 1922 – Manuel Fraga Iribarne, president of Spanish Galicia
• 1923 – R. L. Burnside, American musician (d. 2005)
• 1923 – Daniel Brewster, American politician & U.S. Senator from Maryland (d. 2007)
• 1923 – Billy Haughton, American harness driver and trainer (d. 1986)
• 1924 – Paula Raymond, American actress (d. 2003)
• 1924 – Colin Macmillan Turnbull, British-born anthropologist (d. 1994)
• 1924 – Anita Linda, Filipino actress
• 1925 – Johnny Mandel, American songwriter
• 1925 – José Napoleón Duarte, Salvadoran politician (d. 1990)
• 1926 – Sathya Sai Baba, Indian guru and philosopher
• 1927 – Guy Davenport, American author, artist, and scholar (d. 2005)
• 1927 – Angelo Sodano, Italian prelate and Cardinal Secretary of State
• 1928 – Jerry Bock, American Broadway composer
• 1929 – Hal Lindsey, American evangelist and Christian writer
• 1930 – Jack McKeon, American baseball manager
• 1931 – Dervla Murphy, Irish traveller and author
• 1931 – Gloria Lynne, American singer
• 1932 – Michel David-Weill, French investment banker
• 1933 – Ali Shariati, Iranian sociologist and revolutionary
• 1933 – Krzysztof Penderecki, Polish composer
• 1934 – Robert Towne, American screenwriter and director
• 1934 – Lew Hoad, Australian tennis player (d. 1994)
• 1935 – Vladislav Volkov, Soviet cosmonaut (d. 1971)
• 1936 – Robert Barnard, British mystery writer
• 1938 – Esko Nikkari, Finnish actor
• 1939 – Betty Everett, American singer (d. 2001)
• 1940 – Luis Tiant, Cuban baseball player
• 1941 – Franco Nero, Italian actor
• 1942 – Susan Anspach, American actress
• 1943 – Andrew Goodman, American civil rights activist (d. 1964)
• 1943 – Sue Nicholls, British actress
• 1944 – Joe Eszterhas, Hungarian-born film producer and writer
• 1944 – James Toback, American writer and director
• 1945 – Keith Hampshire, English singer-songwriter
• 1945 – Jim Doyle, American politician, 44th Governor of Wisconsin
• 1945 – Steve Landesberg, American actor
• 1945 – Dennis Nilsen, Scottish serial killer
• 1945 – Jerry Harris, American sculptor
• 1946 – Bobby Rush, American politician
• 1946 – Giorgos Koudas, Greek footballer
• 1946 – Diana Quick, English actress
• 1947 – Jean-Pierre Foucault, French television host
• 1948 – Bruce Vilanch, American comedy writer
• 1948 – Frank Worthington, much travelled English professional footballer
• 1949 – Sandra Stevens, British singer, member of pop group Brotherhood of Man
• 1949 – Tom Joyner, American radio personality
• 1950 – Chuck Schumer, American politician, senior senator of New York
• 1951 – David Rappaport, English actor (d. 1990)
• 1952 – Bill Troiano, musician
• 1953 – Rick Bayless, American restaurateur/chef of Mexican cuisine
• 1953 – Francis Cabrel, French singer
• 1953 – Johan de Meij, Dutch conductor, trombonist, and composer
• 1954 – Bruce Hornsby, American musician
• 1954 – Glenn Brummer, American baseball player
• 1954 – Ross Brawn, Brawn GP team principal
• 1955 – Steven Brust, American author
• 1955 – Ludovico Einaudi, Italian composer and pianist
• 1955 – Dinos Kouis, Greek footballer
• 1955 – Mary Landrieu, American politician, senior senator of Louisiana
• 1959 – Maxwell Caulfield, British actor
• 1959 – Dominique Dunne, American actress (d. 1982)
• 1960 – Robin Roberts, American television reporter
• 1961 – Merv Hughes, Australian cricketer
• 1961 – Keith Ablow, American psychiatrist and author
• 1963 – Joe Ahearne, British television director
• 1963 – Mamoru Takuma, Japanese mass murderer and rapist (d. 2004)
• 1964 – Frank Rutherford, Bahamian athlete
• 1965 – Jennifer Michael Hecht, American poet and historian
• 1966 – Vincent Cassel, French actor
• 1966 – Jerry Kelly, American professional golfer
• 1967 – Gary Kirsten, South African cricketer
• 1967 – Salli Richardson, American actress
• 1968 – Hamid Hassani, Iranian scholar and lexicographer
• 1968 – Kirsty Young, Scottish television journalist
• 1969 – Jonathan Seet, Canadian singer
• 1970 – Zoë Ball, British television and radio presenter
• 1970 – Oded Fehr, Israeli actor
• 1970 – Danny Hoch, American actor
• 1970 – Karsten Mueller, German chess grandmaster, author
• 1971 – Lisa Arch, American actress
• 1971 – Vin Baker, American basketball player
• 1971 – Khalid Al-Muwallid, Saudi Arabian football player
• 1972 – Chris Adler, American musician (Lamb of God)
• 1972 – Alf-Inge Håland, Former Norwegian professional soccer player
• 1973 – Trick Daddy, American rapper
• 1974 – Jamie Sharper, American football player
• 1974 – Saku Koivu, Finnish ice hockey player
• 1974 – Malik Rose, American basketball player
• 1974 – Juventud Guerrera, Mexican professional wrestler
• 1976 – Page Kennedy, American actor
• 1976 – Kohei Suwama, Japanese professional wrestler
• 1977 – Myriam Boileau, Canadian diver
• 1977 – Adam Eaton, American baseball player
• 1978 – Kayvan Novak, English actor
• 1978 – Alison Mosshart, American musician
• 1979 – Nihat, Turkish football player
• 1979 – Kelly Brook, English actress/model
• 1980 – Ishmael Beah, Sierra-Leone born American author
• 1980 – David Britz, American nano-technologist
• 1980 – Jonathan Papelbon, American baseball player
• 1982 – Colby Armstrong, Canadian ice-hockey player
• 1982 – Asafa Powell, Jamaican sprinter
• 1983 – Thomas Pridgen, American musician
• 1983 – Nasser Al-Shamrani, Saudi Arabian footballer
• 1984 – Lucas Grabeel, American actor and singer
• 1984 – Amruta Khanvilkar, Indian actress
• 1985 – Ahn Hyun-Soo, South Korean short track skater
• 1986 – Gia Johnson, British fashion model
• 1987 – Nicklas Bäckström, Swedish ice hockey player
• 1992 – Miley Cyrus, American actress and singer

Deaths

• 947 – Berthold, Duke of Bavaria
• 955 – Edred, King of England (b. c.923)
• 1407 – Louis of Valois, Duke of Orléans, brother of Charles VI of France (murdered) (b. 1372)
• 1457 – King Ladislaus Posthumus of Bohemia and Hungary (b. 1440)
• 1499 – Perkin Warbeck, Flemish imposter (b. 1474)
• 1503 – Margaret of York, wife of Charles I, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1446)
• 1503 – Bona of Savoy, Italian noblewoman (b. 1449)
• 1572 – Agnolo di Cosimo, Italian artist and poet (b. 1503)
• 1585 – Thomas Tallis, English composer (b. 1505)
• 1616 – Richard Hakluyt, English writer (b. 1552)
• 1682 – Claude Lorrain, French painter (b. 1604)
• 1763 – Friedrich Graf von Seckendorf, German soldier (b. 1673)
• 1769 – Constantine Mavrocordatos, Prince of Wallachia and Prince of Moldavia (b. 1711)
• 1783 – Yoriyuki Arima, Japanese mathematician (b. 1714)
• 1803 – Roger Newdigate, British politician (b. 1719)
• 1804 – Richard Graves, British writer (b. 1715)
• 1807 – Jean-François Rewbell, French politician (b. 1747)
• 1814 – Elbridge Gerry, Vice President of the United States of America (b. 1744)
• 1833 – Jean-Baptiste Jourdan, French marshal (b. 1762)
• 1890 – King William III of the Netherlands (b. 1817)
• 1902 – Walter Reed, American bacteriologist (b. 1851)
• 1905 – Sir John Scott Burdon-Sanderson, English physiologist (b. 1828)
• 1923 – Urmuz, Romanian writer (b. 1883)
• 1934 – Giovanni Brunero, Italian cyclist (b. 1895)
• 1937 – Jagdish Chandra Bose, Indian physicist (b. 1858)
• 1937 – George Albert Boulenger, Belgian naturalist (b. 1858)
• 1948 – Hack Wilson, American baseball player (b. 1900)
• 1958 – Johnston McCulley, American writer (b. 1883)
• 1966 – Seán T. O'Kelly, President of Ireland (b. 1882)
• 1970 – Yusof bin Ishak, first President of Singapore (b. 1910)
• 1972 – Marie Wilson, American actress (b. 1916)
• 1973 – Sessue Hayakawa, Japanese actor (b. 1889)
• 1974 – Cornelius Ryan, Irish-born author (b. 1920)
• 1976 – André Malraux, French author (b. 1901)
• 1979 – Merle Oberon, British actress (b. 1911)
• 1979 – Judee Sill, American musician and songwriter (b. 1944)
• 1982 – Grady Nutt, American humorist (b. 1934)
• 1983 – Juhan Muks, Estonian artist (b. 1899)
• 1990 – Roald Dahl, British author (b. 1916)
• 1990 – Bo Díaz, Venezuelan baseball player (b. 1953)
• 1991 – Klaus Kinski, German actor (b. 1926)
• 1992 – Roy Acuff, American country musician (b. 1903)
• 1992 – Jean-François Thiriart, Belgian politician (b. 1922)
• 1994 – Art Barr, American professional wrestler (b. 1966)
• 1994 – Tommy Boyce, American songwriter (b. 1939)
• 1995 – Louis Malle, French film director (b. 1932)
• 1995 – Jr. Walker, American musician (b. 1931)
• 1996 – Mohamed Amin, Kenyan photojournalist (b. 1943)
• 1996 – Art Porter, Jr., American jazz musician (b. 1961)
• 1998 – Dan Osman, Extreme Sports Practitioner (b. 1963)
• 1997 – Jorge Más Canosa, anti-Castro activist (b. 1939)
• 2000 – Rayner Unwin, British book publisher (b. 1925)
• 2001 – Bo Belinsky, American baseball player (b. 1936)
• 2001 – O.C. Smith, American singer (b. 1932)
• 2001 – Mary Whitehouse, British social activist (b. 1910)
• 2002 – Roberto Matta, Chilean painter (b. 1911)
• 2004 – Pete Franklin, American talk radio host (b. 1928)
• 2005 – Constance Cummings, American-born British actress (b. 1910)
• 2005 – Frank Gatski, American football player (b. 1919)
• 2006 – Nick Clarke, English radio presenter (b. 1948)
• 2006 – Jesus Blancornelas, Mexican Journalist (b. 1936)
• 2006 – Betty Comden, American lyricist (b. 1917)
• 2006 – Alexander Litvinenko, Russian spy (b. 1962)
• 2006 – Philippe Noiret, French actor (b. 1930)
• 2006 – Anita O'Day, American singer (b. 1919)
• 2006 – Willie Pep, American boxer (b. 1922)
• 2007 – Joe Kennedy, American baseball player (b. 1979)
• 2007 – Óscar Carmelo Sánchez, Bolivian footballer (b. 1971)
• 2007 – Pat Walsh, New Zealand rugby union footballer (b. 1936)

Holidays and observances

• Roman Catholic Calendar of Saints – Pope Clement I
• Bahá'í Faith – Feast of Qawl (Speech) – First day of the 14th month of the Bahá'í calendar
• Alexander Nevsky's feast day in the Russian Orthodox Church
• Georgia – St George's Day
• Japan – Kinro kansha no hi (Labour Thanksgiving Day)
• Slovenia – Rudolf Maister Day

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

From Wikiquote

Quotes of the day from previous years:

2004

Hope is definitely not the same thing as optimism. It is not the conviction that something will turn out well, but the certainty that something makes sense, regardless of how it turns out. ~ Václav Havel

• selected by Kalki

2005

As good almost kill a man as kill a good book. Who kills a man kills a reasonable creature, God's image; but he who destroys a good book, kills reason itself, kills the image of God, as it were in the eye. ~ Areopagitica by John Milton (published 23 November 1644)

• proposed by UDScott

2006

We can only be said to be alive in those moments when our hearts are conscious of our treasures. ~ Thornton Wilder (quote for US Thanksgiving Day)

• proposed by Kalki

2007

There's only us, there's only this.
Forget regret, or life is yours to miss.
No other road, no other way, no day but today.
I can't control my destiny.
I trust my soul. My only goal is just to be.
There's only now, there's only here.
Give in to love, or live in fear.
No other path, no other way.
No day but today.
~ Jonathan Larson in "Another Day" from Rent ~

• proposed by UDScott (initially proposed in 2005 for movie's opening date, but the John Milton quote was ranked higher)

2008

Though all the winds of doctrine were let loose to play on the earth, so Truth be in the field, we do injuriously by licensing and prohibiting misdoubt her strength. Let her and Falsehood grapple; who ever knew Truth put to the worse in a free and open encounter? ~ John Milton in Areopagitica

• proposed by Kalki

2009

Old wood to burn! Old wine to drink! Old friends to trust! Old authors to read! ~ Alfonso X of Castile

• proposed by Zarbon

2010 

Rank or add further suggestions…

Ranking system:

4 : Excellent - should definitely be used.

3 : Very Good - strong desire to see it used.

2 : Good - some desire to see it used.

1 : Acceptable - but with no particular desire to see it used.

0 : Not acceptable - not appropriate for use as a quote of the day.

Service is service, wherever it occurred. The defense of the fatherland is no small thing. ~ Rodion Malinovsky (born November 23)

• 3 because this defines military principle and ideal. A loyal soldier is the same the world over, he is the man I adore and respect most of all. Zarbon 17:01, 21 April 2008 (UTC)
  • SOURCE: The Gates of Hell - Page 343 by Harrison Evans Salisbury - 1976
• 1 InvisibleSun 22:33, 22 November 2008 (UTC)
• 1 Kalki 22:40, 22 November 2008 (UTC)

Had I been present at the Creation, I would have given some useful hints for the better ordering of the universe. ~ Alfonso X of Castile

• 3 Zarbon 13:05, 23 October 2008 (UTC)
• 2 InvisibleSun 22:33, 22 November 2008 (UTC)
• 2 Kalki 22:40, 22 November 2008 (UTC) with a lean toward 3.

Those who knowingly allow the King to err deserve the same punishment as traitors. ~ Alfonso X of Castile

• 3 Zarbon 13:05, 23 October 2008 (UTC)
• 1 InvisibleSun 22:33, 22 November 2008 (UTC)
• 2 Kalki 22:40, 22 November 2008 (UTC)

Born a saint, die a sinner, thats the way it's got ta be! ~ Billy the Kid

• 2 Zarbon 13:05, 23 October 2008 (UTC)
• 1 Kalki 22:40, 22 November 2008 (UTC)

Tell me thou all pervading mind,
When I this life forsake,
Must ev'ry tender tie unbind,
Each sweet connection break?
~ Ann Eliza Bleecker

• 2 Zarbon 13:05, 23 October 2008 (UTC)
• 3 InvisibleSun 22:33, 22 November 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 22:40, 22 November 2008 (UTC)

Though such the darkness of my soul,
Not such the calmness there;
But waves of guilt tumultuous roll
'Midst billows of despair.
~ Ann Eliza Bleecker

• 2 Zarbon 13:05, 23 October 2008 (UTC)
• 2 InvisibleSun 22:33, 22 November 2008 (UTC)
• 2 Kalki 22:40, 22 November 2008 (UTC)

You have summoned me in my weakness. You must sustain me by your strength. ~ Franklin Pierce

• 4 Zarbon 13:05, 23 October 2008 (UTC)
• 3 InvisibleSun 22:33, 22 November 2008 (UTC)
• 2 Kalki 22:40, 22 November 2008 (UTC)

Books are not absolutely dead things, but do contain a potency of life in them to be as active as that soul was whose progeny they are; nay they do preserve as in a vial the purest efficacy and extraction of that living intellect that bred them. ~ John Milton in Areopagitica

• 3 Kalki (talk · contributions) 23:42, 22 November 2009 (UTC)

Give me the liberty to know, to utter, and to argue freely according to conscience, above all liberties. ~ John Milton in Areopagitica

• 3 Kalki (talk · contributions) 23:42, 22 November 2009 (UTC)

He who thinks we are to pitch our tent here, and have attained the utmost prospect of reformation that the mortal glass wherein we contemplate can show us, till we come to beatific vision, that man by this very opinion declares that he is yet far short of truth. ~ John Milton in Areopagitica

• 3 Kalki (talk · contributions) 23:42, 22 November 2009 (UTC) with a lean toward 4.

Revolutions of ages do not oft recover the loss of a rejected truth, for the want of which whole nations fare the worse. ~ John Milton in Areopagitica

• 3 Kalki (talk · contributions) 23:42, 22 November 2009 (UTC) with a very strong lean toward 4.

I cannot praise a fugitive and cloistered virtue, unexercised and unbreathed, that never sallies out and sees her adversary, but slinks out of the race where that immortal garland is to be run for, not without dust and heat. ~ John Milton in Areopagitica

• 3 Kalki (talk · contributions) 23:42, 22 November 2009 (UTC) with a very strong lean toward 4.