| 64th | Top monarchs who lost their thrones in the 20th and 21st centuries |
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His Imperial Majesty The Caliph Abdülmecid II, (also with various alternate spellings, including Abdul Mejid, Aakhir Khalifatul Muslimeen Sultan Abd-ul-Mejid, Abdul Medjit, and in modern Turkish: Abdülmecit; in Ottoman Turkish: عبد المجيد الثانى (May 29/30, 1868 – 23 August/23 September 1944; reigned 19 November 1922 – 3 March 1924) was the last Caliph of Islam from the Ottoman Dynasty, nominally the 37th Head of the Ottoman Imperial House from 1922 to 1944.
On 29 May 1868 he was born at Dolmabahçe Palace or at Beşiktaş Palace, Beşiktaş, in Istanbul, to then Sultan Abdülaziz and his wife Hayranıdil Kadınefendi. He was educated privately. On 4 July 1918 his first cousin Mehmed VI became Sultan and Abdul Mejid was named Crown Prince. Following the deposition of his cousin on November 1, 1922 the Sultanate was abolished. But on 19 November 1922 the Crown Prince was elected Caliph by the Turkish National Assembly at Ankara. He established himself in Istanbul, on 24 November 1922. On 3 March 1924 he was deposed and expelled from the shores of Turkey with the rest of his family. He was given the title of General of Ottoman Army and served as Chairman of the Ottoman Artist's Society. He is considered as one of the most important painters of late period Ottoman art. His paintings of the Harem, showing a modern musical gathering, and of a woman reading Goethe's Faust were displayed at an exhibition of Ottoman paintings in Vienna in 1918. His personal self-portrait can be seen at Istanbul Modern.
On 23 August 1944 Abdul Mejid II died at his house in the Boulevard Suchet, Paris XVIe, France. He was buried at Medina, Saudi Arabia.
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Abdülmecid II
Born:
29 May 1868 Died:
23 August 1944 |
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| Sunni Islam titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Mehmed VI |
Caliph of
Islam November 19, 1922 – March 3, 1924 |
Vacant
Caliphate abolished (or Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of
Mecca - self-proclaimed Caliph of
Islam)
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| Titles in pretence | ||
| Preceded by Mehmed VI |
— TITULAR — Sultan of the Ottoman Empire November 19, 1922 – August 23, 1944 Reason for succession failure: Empire abolished in 1922 |
Succeeded by Ahmed Nihad |
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— TITULAR — Caliph of Islam November 19, 1922 – August 23, 1944 Reason for succession failure: Caliphate abolished in 1924 |
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