From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
.^ According to the U.S. Department of Agricultures 2007 Census of Agriculture, New farms tend to have more diversified production, fewer acres, lower sales and younger operators.- SPIN in the City : A New Form of Farming That Can Transform Cities (By Miranda C. Spencer) 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.emagazine.com [Source type: News]
^ For many farmers, the low prices for many agricultural goods have not kept up with the increasing costs of farming.- Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.bls.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Blocking free trade in farm products and farm inputs will probably mean clearing tropical forest for food self-sufficiency in Asia.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Agriculture was the key development that led to the rise of human
civilization, with the
husbandry of
domesticated animals and plants (i.e.
crops) creating food
surpluses that enabled the development of more
densely populated and
stratified societies.
.^ Britain’s Royal Society has also just produced a study, Reaping the Benefits: Science and the Sustainable Intensification of Agriculture.- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ A study of the professional competencies required for the teaching of agricultural science.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ The Department of Agricultural and Industrial Sciences consists of three major programs of study: Agricultural Sciences, Industrial Sciences and Technology, and Career and Technology Education.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
Central to
human society, agriculture is also observed in certain species of
ant and
termite.
[1][2]
.^ Irrigated land formed 42% of net sown area during the kharif season and 67% during the rabi season of 2002-03.- Agrarian Programme CPI(ML) 10 September 2009 17:36 UTC www.cpiml.org [Source type: Original source]
^ In the years 1903 and 1904 petrol motors adapted for ploughing and other agricultural operations formed a prominent feature of the exhibits.
^ Nigeria has much less land suitable for irrigation and for cultivation of the new semi‑dwarf varieties of wheat and rice that were the backbone of the Green Revolution in India.- Agrarian technologies as socio‑technical hybrids. Food crop improvement and management of land and water in sub‑Saharan Africa 1 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC apad.revues.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Agricultural easements are voluntary legal agreements restricting non-agricultural development on farmland, with the land itself remaining on the tax rolls and under private ownership and management.
^ The National Land Policy reinforces the objectives of the Agricultural Policy especially in the treatment of shifting cultivation which contributes to land and soil degradation.- Agenda 21 - Tanzania 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]
^ Vegetable growers on large farms of approximately 100 acres or more usually practice "monoculture," large-scale cultivation of one crop on each division of land.- Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.bls.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Amidst much that is valueless there are some useful notices concerning the state of agriculture at the time in different parts of England.
^ There is also pressure arising from the ever increasing demand for woodfuels, fodder, timber and forest land for other uses, especially agriculture.- Agenda 21 - Tanzania 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]
^ There hasn’t been a single new agricultural advancement in this century that hasn’t been opposed by some group, mostly environmentalists.- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The Philippines, through the Department of Agriculture (DA), implements the Key Production Area (KPA) Development approach to sustainable agriculture.- Agenda 21 - Philippines 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]
^ All over the First World, government funding for agricultural research is being cut back, or shifted to low-yield “sustainable” farming.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Altieri, Miguel A. "Sustainable Agriculture Development in Latin America: Exploring the Possibilities."- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
.^ Organic Agriculture Provisions [2002 Farm Bill] (ERS Analysis) USDA , Economic Research Service, 2002.- Organic Farming and Marketing: Publications from the USDA, 1977-2006 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.nal.usda.gov [Source type: Academic]
^ Biodynamic agriculture is an advanced organic farming system that is gaining increased attention for its emphasis on food quality and soil health.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
^ Compulsory modules include units of study in sustainable methods of agriculture and organic farming.- Agriculture, Farm, Animal, Distance Education Courses, Australian Correspondence School - ACS Distance Education 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.acs.edu.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
industrial agriculture).
.^ The fertilizer is called MegaZinc Plus, which is claimed to increase rice yield by a minimum of 20 cavans per hectare, increase resistance of rice plants to pest and diseases, increase tillering, induce uniform maturity of grains, and increase milling recovery.- Agriculture.ph Blog 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.agriculture.ph [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- Agriculture.ph Blog 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC blog.agriculture.ph [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ In a normal setting, scientists’ ability to counter widespread plant diseases including fungi could be achieved by use of pesticides, by traditional plant breeding, and by genetic engineering.- ipHandbook Blog » Agriculture Biotechnology 19 November 2009 17:16 UTC blog.iphandbook.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ After 50 years of widespread pesticide use and billions of research dollars, science is still looking for the first case of cancer caused by pesticide residues.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[3] .^ Farming is just as much about management as it is about animal or crop production.- Agriculture, Farm, Animal, Distance Education Courses, Australian Correspondence School - ACS Distance Education 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.acs.edu.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Conducts applied research in regenerative, non-synthetic agriculture systems, emphasizing "practical technology to build rather than deplete local production resources as they are used."- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ Thinking about the interactions within the farm ecosystem naturally leads to a series of holistic management practices that address the environmental, social, and financial aspects of the farm.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
[4]
.^ It is also the major source of food supply and raw material for the industrial sector.- Agenda 21 - Tanzania 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]
^ They grade, sort, or classify unprocessed food and other agricultural products by size, weight, color, or condition.- Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.bls.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Many processed "luxury" foods are, from a nutritional point of view, inefficient usage of the raw material.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
.^ Use a watering can on the new plant so it will start growing (not needed if you pay a nearby farmer to take care of your plants).- Tip.it RuneScape Help :: Farming Guide :: The Original RuneScape help site! 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.tip.it [Source type: General]
[6] .^ Classification: Have students sort animal pictures into farm/not farm, farm/zoo, or other pictures into animals/food, fruits/vegetables, or living/non-living.- Old MacDonald's Farm at The Virtual Vine 3 February 2010 15:28 UTC www.thevirtualvine.com [Source type: General]
^ The problem for early man was that hunting and gathering provided a healthy diet rich in meat, eggs, fish and shellfish, fruits and vegetables—but not for very many people.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Replacing a weekly junk food meat based meal with a fresh vegetable based meal.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
Fibers include
cotton,
wool,
hemp,
silk and
flax.
Raw materials include lumber and bamboo.
.^ Deppner says that in their program at Trees for the Future, they encourage communities to plant multipurpose fast growing trees that not only produce useful products within a short time but also encourage the growth of field crops, vegetables, and other vegetation around them.- Agriculture.ph Blog 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.agriculture.ph [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- Agriculture.ph Blog 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC blog.agriculture.ph [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Inside the greenhouse we use various found materials to create benches = places off the ground to put the plants.
^ From this Mini-Game you can not only get Seeds, but other items that are useful when Farming such as Gardener Payments and Garden Pies which will temporarily raise your Farming level by 3.- Farming Help - ::Sal's Realm of RuneScape:: 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC runescape.salmoneus.net [Source type: General]
Biofuels include
methane from
biomass,
ethanol, and
biodiesel.
.^ Crop production includes the growing of grains, such as wheat, corn, and barley; field crops, such as cotton and tobacco; vegetables and melons; fruits and nuts; and horticultural specialties, such as flowers and ornamental plants.- Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.bls.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Blocking free trade in farm products and farm inputs will probably mean clearing tropical forest for food self-sufficiency in Asia.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Scientists have also created new GM crops not for consumption, but for the production of ornamental plants, such as drought resistant flowers for the purpose of creating new markets for economic opportunity.- ipHandbook Blog » Agriculture Biotechnology 19 November 2009 17:16 UTC blog.iphandbook.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The world has less than one-third of the organic N to produce today’s crops, let alone tripling food output for 2050.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The U.S. Department of Agriculture and Environmental Protection Agency estimate that America has only about one-fourth of the organic N needed to support its current crop output.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ America’s agricultural research leadership fostered the high-yield Green Revolution in the Third World.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ (Agricultural Economic Report, 793) USDA , Economic Research Service, 2001.- Organic Farming and Marketing: Publications from the USDA, 1977-2006 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.nal.usda.gov [Source type: Academic]
^ (Agriculture Information Bulletin, 777) USDA , Economic Research Service, September 2002.- Organic Farming and Marketing: Publications from the USDA, 1977-2006 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.nal.usda.gov [Source type: Academic]
^ While the working conditions in this industry sector vary by occupation and setting, there are some characteristics common to most agriculture, forestry, and fishing jobs.- Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.bls.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[7] .^ The Swiss Research Institute of Organic Agriculture just published in Science the conclusion that organic farming is “practical,” since their 21-year side-by-side tests showed the organic crops yielded “only” 20 percent less than the conventional crops.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The stark reality, however, is that this proud tradition may be ending now, just as the world is facing its biggest agricultural challenge of all time.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ They grade, sort, or classify unprocessed food and other agricultural products by size, weight, color, or condition.- Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.bls.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Etymology
.^ We must talk about conquering soil erosion with high yields (so there’s less farmland to erode) and conservation tillage (which radically reduces erosion per acre of farmland).- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ SMI, B. Teaching Learning methods available: Correspondence Online E-Learning Read more & enrol: Soil Management (Agriculture) .- Agriculture, Farm, Animal, Distance Education Courses, Australian Correspondence School - ACS Distance Education 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.acs.edu.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Overview
.^ Lunar and astrological cycles play a key role in the timing of biodynamic practices, such as the making of BD preparations and when to plant and cultivate.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
^ Thus, as more farms are owned by either corporations or absentee owners, these agricultural managers will play a relatively larger role in the operation of farms.- Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.bls.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The Philippines, through the Department of Agriculture (DA), implements the Key Production Area (KPA) Development approach to sustainable agriculture.- Agenda 21 - Philippines 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]
.^ Concepts dealing with isolation, resistance, sanitation, containment, transportation, and food safety issues and potential economic impact to the agricultural industry and others are major topics.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ A final public policy issue that contributed to the agricultural revolution in east Arkansas had to do with labor relations.
^ Agricultural Mechanization majors often select areas available in the Industrial Sciences Program or SED. For those interested in a career in agricultural communications, a minor in Mass Communication is often selected.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
.^ The credit available through these channels is usually small and short term and limits farmers’ investments in the essential ingredients needed to increase their productivity.- Acumen Fund Blog · agriculture 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC blog.acumenfund.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Strangely, while the HYV area witnessed a five-fold increase between 1970-71 and 1997-98, the total foodgrains production only doubled during this period, indicating that increase in HYV cultivation doesn’t increase production at the same rate in the post-green revolution period.- Agrarian Programme CPI(ML) 10 September 2009 17:36 UTC www.cpiml.org [Source type: Original source]
^ The agriculture of Great Britain, as a whole, advanced with rapid strides during this period; hint nowhere was the change so great as in Scotland.
.^ Nevertheless it was not till near the approach of the closing decade of the 19th century that the explanation of this longestablished point of agricultural practice was forthcoming.
^ The Agriculture Course lectures were taught by Steiner in response to observations from farmers that soils were becoming depleted following the introduction of chemical fertilizers at the turn of the century.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
^ There hasn’t been a single new agricultural advancement in this century that hasn’t been opposed by some group, mostly environmentalists.- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Emphasis is placed on the integration of crops and livestock, recycling of nutrients, maintenance of soil, and the health and well being of crops and animals; the farmer too is part of the whole.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
^ The organic movement is still trying to swindle the world into believing the world can get enough nitrogen from animal waste and green manure crops to produce our food.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ For 50 years, the critics of modern farming have held up organic crops fertilized with animal manure as the global ideal.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
The percent of the human population working in agriculture has decreased over time.
.^ But due to the sheer weight of the marketplace and poor government policies, local and regional food systems of the early 20th century yielded to highly concentrated, chemically intensive systems of the post-World War II era.
^ Magic Secateurs increase crop yields by around 10% if wielded when harvesting and they can be stored with your leprechaun.- Tip.it RuneScape Help :: Farming Guide :: The Original RuneScape help site! 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.tip.it [Source type: General]
^ It has further been shown that, in the exercise of force by animals, there is a greatly increased expenditure of the non-nitrogenous constituents of food, but little, if any, of the nitrogenous.
.^ Its unfitness for the production of mutton, and increasing supplies of fine clothing wool from other countries, soon led to its total rejection.
.^ Crop production includes the growing of grains, such as wheat, corn, and barley; field crops, such as cotton and tobacco; vegetables and melons; fruits and nuts; and horticultural specialties, such as flowers and ornamental plants.- Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.bls.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ By converting the photosynthesis of rice from the C3 form to a more efficient C4 form originally found in sorghum and corn, a high-yield rice crop can be fashioned.- ipHandbook Blog » Agriculture Biotechnology 19 November 2009 17:16 UTC blog.iphandbook.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ This year, due to the high input (fertilizer, fuel) costs for corn, many are switching back to less pricey crops such as soybeans, wheat, and clover/alfalfa.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
.^ The organic movement is still trying to swindle the world into believing the world can get enough nitrogen from animal waste and green manure crops to produce our food.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ America’s agricultural research leadership fostered the high-yield Green Revolution in the Third World.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Given the right support and favourable market conditions, small farms also quickly adopt green revolution technology.- Agrarian Programme CPI(ML) 10 September 2009 17:36 UTC www.cpiml.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ As I mature, family support for my personal decisions allows me to take bold steps in this world.
^ The studies show that there is no way for Soil and Water Departments to predict what populations are interested in L& W technologies.- Agrarian technologies as socio‑technical hybrids. Food crop improvement and management of land and water in sub‑Saharan Africa 1 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC apad.revues.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Obviously, the world has only a small fraction of the organic manure needed to support food for today and into the future.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[10]
Agricultural output in 2005.
.^ The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization said that 550,000 tons of old, unused pesticides were threatening to poison food and water supplies worldwide.- Agriculture (Harper's Magazine) 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC harpers.org [Source type: Academic]
^ Many governments in SSA have wished to intensify the agricultural use of land to feed growing populations.- Agrarian technologies as socio‑technical hybrids. Food crop improvement and management of land and water in sub‑Saharan Africa 1 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC apad.revues.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Meanwhile, in many countries where high-yield agriculture has been especially successful, farmers are able to produce more food than their consumers want.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Crop production includes the growing of grains, such as wheat, corn, and barley; field crops, such as cotton and tobacco; vegetables and melons; fruits and nuts; and horticultural specialties, such as flowers and ornamental plants.- Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.bls.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Crops like corn, wheat and soybeans are starting to replace traditional petroleum-based ingredients in these new bio-products, making them easier on the environment and lessening our dependence on non-renewable fossil fuels.
^ But bringing these countries into the EU also means doubling the number of EU farmers eligible for CAP payments, and they simply do not have the money to extend such generous subsidies to so many relatively productive farmers.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Farmers experiencing severe crop damage would surely be willing to try fungicides if money were granted for its purchase in developing countries.- ipHandbook Blog » Agriculture Biotechnology 19 November 2009 17:16 UTC blog.iphandbook.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ First discovered in Uganda in 1999, Ug99 is likely to infect wheat fields to catastrophic proportions, especially in some developing countries where wheat is a staple crop.- ipHandbook Blog » Agriculture Biotechnology 19 November 2009 17:16 UTC blog.iphandbook.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[11] .^ Water is also used for the production of electricity.- Agenda 21 - Tanzania 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]
^ Conducts applied research in regenerative, non-synthetic agriculture systems, emphasizing "practical technology to build rather than deplete local production resources as they are used."- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ In addition, this listing does not address the large body of research published before 1940 when reliance on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture began to become widely adopted.- Organic Farming and Marketing: Publications from the USDA, 1977-2006 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.nal.usda.gov [Source type: Academic]
.^ Misrepresentation: Synthetic fertilizer poisons soils.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The main things about the Lunar Spellbook that are so great for Farming are two small Spells called Cure Plant and Fertile Soil .- Farming Help - ::Sal's Realm of RuneScape:: 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC runescape.salmoneus.net [Source type: General]
^ The Fertile Soil Spell also gives you 18 Farming experience for each cast made.- Farming Help - ::Sal's Realm of RuneScape:: 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC runescape.salmoneus.net [Source type: General]
.^ South Asia # Going Global criticizes Sri Lankan government's protective tariff on some agricultural items which are increasing the prices and the cost of living.
^ Winter classes for boys over sixteen years of age are held at centres in some counties, and there are winter schools of agriculture at Downpatrick , Monaghan and Mount Bellew (Co.
^ Amidst much that is valueless there are some useful notices concerning the state of agriculture at the time in different parts of England.
.^ But there is no other line of defense for today’s American society against a future of hunger, malnutrition, and environmental desolation.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Winter classes for boys over sixteen years of age are held at centres in some counties, and there are winter schools of agriculture at Downpatrick , Monaghan and Mount Bellew (Co.
^ In fact, contrary to very slow agricultural growth, India’s rural economy as a whole has grown on average by 7.3% year-over-year over the past decade, against 5.4% in the urban sector.- Agrarian Programme CPI(ML) 10 September 2009 17:36 UTC www.cpiml.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ Europe’s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is also in store for major changes.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Small farmers are being sought to be subjected to contract farming, if not eased out of agriculture itself.- Agrarian Programme CPI(ML) 10 September 2009 17:36 UTC www.cpiml.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Agriculture and its researchers also need to point up the high risks of organic food.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ AGR 497 Integrated Pest Management.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ Such practices and factors deplete natural elements such as calcium and magnesium that neutralize soil acidity, causing stunted plant growth and susceptibility to pests and diseases.- Agriculture.ph Blog 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.agriculture.ph [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- Agriculture.ph Blog 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC blog.agriculture.ph [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Compost teas are gaining wider recognition in biodynamic and organic farming for their disease suppressive benefits as well as for their ability to serve as a growth-promoting microbial inoculant.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
.^ The Rockefeller Foundation recently announced the success of its project to overcome two of the world’s largest sources of malnutrition with genetically-modified rice.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Topics include the policy making process and the analysis of commodities, conservation, food safety, international trade, rural development programs, and the interrelationship of agriculture and agribusiness.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ Could genetically modified foods be a new source of allergens?- ipHandbook Blog » Agriculture Biotechnology 19 November 2009 17:16 UTC blog.iphandbook.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ With barely 20,000 dairy animals in 1992, the two counties now feed, milk, and clean up after 120,000 cows at 58 operating dairy farms, a number that by all accounts will double in a few short years.
^ Second, the logical offshoot of higher yields for farmers is lower prices for consumers.- ipHandbook Blog » Agriculture Biotechnology 19 November 2009 17:16 UTC blog.iphandbook.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Whereas formerly the farmer was to some extent compensated by a higher price for a smaller yield, in recent years he had had to compete with an unusually large supply at greatly reduced prices.
[14][15] .^ The Fifth U.S.-Mongolia Business Forum took place simultaneously with the AG CONNECT Expo yesterday with several dozen delegates from Mongolia meeting with delegates from the United States to discuss how the two countries can better work together.
^ In the real world, this is not the case, and the market for any given food is quite elastic in most countries.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
[16][17][18] .^ Crop production includes the growing of grains, such as wheat, corn, and barley; field crops, such as cotton and tobacco; vegetables and melons; fruits and nuts; and horticultural specialties, such as flowers and ornamental plants.- Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.bls.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The commercial production of corn and cotton that produce the Bacillus thuringiensis toxin (Bt) for the resistance of crops to insects have been the subject of immense controversy and public criticism in Europe, India, Indonesia, and African countries such as Mali.- ipHandbook Blog » Agriculture Biotechnology 19 November 2009 17:16 UTC blog.iphandbook.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ But I do strongly believe that the increase in food prices is not due to biofuel demands, for there is not enough increase in biofuel demand to make a notable difference in food cost.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
.^ Long-term solutions are irrelevant if Ug99 spreads quicker than anticipated, as suggested by Dr. Norman Borlaug of the Borlaug Global Rust Initiative (“BGRI”) .- ipHandbook Blog » Agriculture Biotechnology 19 November 2009 17:16 UTC blog.iphandbook.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ But there is hope because plant resistances have been found to be somewhat effective against Ug99 and have already been successfully bred into certain wheat varieties for certain regions.- ipHandbook Blog » Agriculture Biotechnology 19 November 2009 17:16 UTC blog.iphandbook.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Optimal wheat yields can be achieved by ensuring fungicides are utilized early before Ug99 or other rusts have an opportunity to infiltrate farmers’ fields.- ipHandbook Blog » Agriculture Biotechnology 19 November 2009 17:16 UTC blog.iphandbook.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[19][20][21] .^ Acid soils make up 30 to 40 percent of the world’s arable land, and about 43 percent of the arable land in the tropics.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[22] .^ This cycle of beneficial growth must be perpetuated throughout the developing world if we are to fare well amidst increased populations and diminishing natural resources.- ipHandbook Blog » Agriculture Biotechnology 19 November 2009 17:16 UTC blog.iphandbook.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Yet current food production and population trends would drive Africa to clear a Texas worth of its wildlands over the next 20 years, and still leave 200 million malnourished Africans.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ June 1948 Article A continent slides to ruin By William Vogt SEE ALSO: Agriculture ; Environmental aspects ; Latin America ; Natural resources PDF IMAGES .- Agriculture (Harper's Magazine) 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC harpers.org [Source type: Academic]
[23]
History
A
Sumerian harvester's sickle made from baked clay (ca. 3000 BC).
.^ A new theory was put forth that global warming began 8,000 years ago, when farmers began clearing forests for agriculture and grazing large herds of livestock, which increased carbon dioxide and methane levels; by AD 1700, according to the theory, human activity had increased the global temperature by 0.8 degrees Celsius, an increase roughly equal to that caused by industrial activity since then.- Agriculture (Harper's Magazine) 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC harpers.org [Source type: Academic]
^ The Swiss Research Institute of Organic Agriculture just published in Science the conclusion that organic farming is “practical,” since their 21-year side-by-side tests showed the organic crops yielded “only” 20 percent less than the conventional crops.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ In the year 1904-1905 £10,600 was devoted by the Board of Agriculture to agricultural instruction and experiments.
.^ Crop diversification and integrated farming are promoted in suitable areas taking into account the physical limitations and the need for soil and water conservation Research and Technologies .- Agenda 21 - Philippines 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]
.^ With better inputs and management, crop yields rise, so no additional land is needed for food.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ For purposes of comparison it would be much better if the yields of corn crops were estimated in cwt.
.^ Scientific developments have produced new questions and challenges such as those posed by genetically-altered crops.
^ The practice is for the Board of Agriculture to appoint local estimators, who report in the autumn as to the total production of the crops in the localities respectively assigned to them.
^ The slopes of the hills were carefully terraced and irrigated wherever practicable, and on these slopes the vine and olive were cultivated with great success.
.^ Concepts dealing with isolation, resistance, sanitation, containment, transportation, and food safety issues and potential economic impact to the agricultural industry and others are major topics.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ Thus, as more farms are owned by either corporations or absentee owners, these agricultural managers will play a relatively larger role in the operation of farms.- Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.bls.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The agriculture, forestry, and fishing industry sector plays a vital role in our economy and our lives.- Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.bls.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Today biodynamic agriculture is practiced on farms around the world, on various scales, and in a variety of climates and cultures.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
^ Biodynamic agriculture, on the other hand, recognizes the existence of subtle energy forces in nature and promotes their expression through specialized "dynamic" practices.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
^ In England the Agricultural Society was founded in 1838, with the motto " Practice with Science," and shortly afterwards incorporated by royal charter.
So, too, are arts such as epic literature and monumental architecture, as well as codified legal systems.
.^ Obviously farmers need food for their animals, and it does not make him a hypocrite, it just makes you a moron.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ The cases originated in projects that pursued other goals than the intensification of land use.- Agrarian technologies as socio‑technical hybrids. Food crop improvement and management of land and water in sub‑Saharan Africa 1 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC apad.revues.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ If your farms are highly efficient and produce exactly 100% of the food your country needs, and a surprise cold spell drops that to 80%, people will starve and die.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
.^ Altieri, Miguel A. "Sustainable Agriculture Development in Latin America: Exploring the Possibilities."- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
Ancient origins
.^ The world could increase its forest harvest ten-fold if we planted just 5 percent of today’s wild forests in high-yield tree plantations.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Similar surges of extinctions occurred when skilled hunters reached Australia and New Guinea.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ In Agricultural Reform and Development in China, edited by T. C. Tso, 297-313.- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ Altieri, Miguel A. "Sustainable Agriculture Development in Latin America: Exploring the Possibilities."- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
.^ Wheat, barley and spelt were the leading crops.
^ The group is also working to fund a Pulse Quality Lab to research new products and new uses of pulse crops and will work with growers to maintain U.S. acreage planted in peas and lentils.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Wheat, barley, oats, beans, clover and other leguminous plants, turnips, sugar beet , mange's, potatoes and grass crops have thus been experimented upon.
.^ Community Supported Agriculture, or CSA, is a direct marketing alternative for small-scale growers.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
From at least 7000 BC the
Indian subcontinent saw farming of wheat and barley, as attested by archaeological excavation at
Mehrgarh in
Balochistan. By 6000 BC, mid-scale farming was entrenched on the banks of the
Nile.
.^ But the progress of husbandry, evidenced by the production of larger and better crops with more certainty, is due to that rationalizing of agricultural practices which is the work of modern times.
^ Rather than let commoners run amuck with dangerous ideas about gunpowder and ships’ compasses,the elites shut everything down.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ But high-yield wheat takes no more fertilizer per ton of food than low-yield wheat—high yields just grow the grain on far less land .- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Chinese and Indonesian farmers went on to domesticate
taro and
beans including
mung,
soy and
azuki.
.^ Weekly Review By Paul Ford Source: Biology News Net .- Agriculture (Harper's Magazine) 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC harpers.org [Source type: Academic]
.^ The eco-activists have claimed that organic-only farming could provide all the food needed—but only if humanity became vegetarian.- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The Rev. Thomas Malthus’ famous question about whether humanity can continue to feed all the people was posed exactly 200 years ago.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Now that you know all about the different equipment, crops and patches that are available for use in the Farming Skill, you'll want to know what methods to use to get the most out of them.- Farming Help - ::Sal's Realm of RuneScape:: 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC runescape.salmoneus.net [Source type: General]
.^ The exceptions, it states are food crops used for their cellulose, including wheat, peanuts, and soy The GISP advocates risk assessments and cost/benefit analyses.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ Use the map to visit regional pages containing information about local breeders, special offers, events and organizations.- Alpaca Farms: Central Search of over 2000 Alpaca Breeders 3 February 2010 15:28 UTC www.alpacanation.com [Source type: General]
^ I cultivate a large organic garden, buy grass-fed beef from a local rancher, and when I'm feeling particularly flush with cash, frequent my local Whole Foods.
.^ Average Annual Imports of Cattle, Sheep and Figs, and of Dead Meat, into the United Kingdom over eight 5-yearly Periods.
^ The organic movement is still trying to swindle the world into believing the world can get enough nitrogen from animal waste and green manure crops to produce our food.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Ultimately, the choice of composting method will depend to a large extent on the scale of farming operation, equipment and financial resources on hand, and intended goals for compost end-use.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
The
shepherd joined the farmer as an essential provider for sedentary and semi-nomadic societies.
.^ The new terraces stocked the water and allowed farmers to grow profitable crops like beans and other vegetables, along with fruit trees.- Agrarian technologies as socio‑technical hybrids. Food crop improvement and management of land and water in sub‑Saharan Africa 1 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC apad.revues.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Development economists say that the world will need at least 250 percent more farm output by 2050, and perhaps three times as much.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Barley, on the other hand, is sown in a lighter surface soil, and, with its short period for root-development, relies in a much greater degree on the stores of plant-food within the surface soil.
The
Greeks and
Romans built on techniques pioneered by the Sumerians but made few fundamentally new advances. Southern Greeks struggled with very poor soils, yet managed to become a dominant society for years. The Romans were noted for an emphasis on the cultivation of crops for trade.
Middle Ages
.^ Conducts applied research in regenerative, non-synthetic agriculture systems, emphasizing "practical technology to build rather than deplete local production resources as they are used."- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ This course presents the principles of professional sales techniques used by food and agricultural firms.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ The presumed solution is to make Midwest farmers radically cut their use of fertilizer, and to “crack down” on big livestock and poultry farms.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ It seems certain that success in any system involving a more extended growth of leguminous crops in rotations must be dependent on a considerable variation in the description grown.
^ History Of English Agriculture The " combined " or " common-field " system of husbandry practised by the village community or township (see Village Communities ) may be taken as the starting-point of English agriculture, in which, till the end of the 18th century, it is a dominant influence.
^ The on-field agricultural practices have been greatly supported by inventions and discoveries that have hit the science world.
Modern era
This photo from a 1921 encyclopedia shows a
tractor ploughing an
alfalfa field.
Infrared image of the farm. To the untrained eye, this image appears a hodge-podge of colours without any apparent purpose. But farmers are now trained to see yellows where crops are infested, shades of red indicating crop health, black where flooding occurs, and brown where unwanted pesticides land on chemical-free crops.
After 1492, a
global exchange of previously local crops and livestock breeds occurred.
.^ The exceptions, it states are food crops used for their cellulose, including wheat, peanuts, and soy The GISP advocates risk assessments and cost/benefit analyses.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ Around the world, some 400 million people currently suffer a chronic severe shortage of Vitamin A. About 14 million of these people go blind every year, including about 8 million children.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The new terraces stocked the water and allowed farmers to grow profitable crops like beans and other vegetables, along with fruit trees.- Agrarian technologies as socio‑technical hybrids. Food crop improvement and management of land and water in sub‑Saharan Africa 1 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC apad.revues.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Most horse owners consider non-working animals as pets too.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ To make your Farming life easier, there are a number of NPCs around most of the Farming Patches who will do something to help you.- Farming Help - ::Sal's Realm of RuneScape:: 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC runescape.salmoneus.net [Source type: General]
^ This is the foundation for economic prosperity for all of the world’s farmers, especially those with the abundant resources in farming, geography and infrastructure as U.S. farmers have.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ When the first human hunters arrived in the Western Hemisphere, they quickly wiped out dozens of huntable species, including North America’s versions of the elephant, camel, horse and ground sloth.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ I had been a part of an annual food writer tour run by AGCare and the Ontario Farm Animal Council of a farm in the [...
^ Parent RE: Switch grass and farmers on biofuel production By JonnyDough on 5/27/08 , Rating: 2 By JonnyDough on 5/27/2008 5:39:18 AM , Rating: 2 quote: When was the last time horses were the majority of the animal population on a farm.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
The
potato became an important staple crop in northern Europe.
[26] .^ The mangel crop also is mainly English, the summer in most parts of Scotland being neither long enough nor warm enough to bring it to maturity.
^ 'The most important additions to the list of field crops were Italian rye-grass, winter beans, white Belgian carrot and alsike clover.
^ Also remember that the most important food crop is grains...and grains must be planted with grain itself.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
[28].^ This course presents the principles of professional sales techniques used by food and agricultural firms.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ Being once sown, it will last five years; the land, when ploughed, will yield, three or four years together, rich crops of wheat, and after that a crop of oats, with which clover seed is to be sown again.
^ They selected a number of genes from wild relatives of the tomato family, a crop where yields have been rising by about 1 percent per year.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
With the rapid rise of
mechanization in the late 19th and 20th centuries, particularly in the form of the
tractor, farming tasks could be done with a speed and on a scale previously impossible.
.^ We believe in this industry and the importance of selecting breedings to produce high quality fiber on animals with excellent conformation and health.- Alpaca Farms: Central Search of over 2000 Alpaca Breeders 3 February 2010 15:28 UTC www.alpacanation.com [Source type: General]
^ However, most biodynamic farms are located in Europe, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
^ If he is renting the land as “lakes” im sure that some people will be inclined to be organic while others may be non organic.- Can farming save Detroit? 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.infowars.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Two researchers from Mexico discovered a way to overcome the aluminum toxicity that cuts crops yields by up to 80 percent on the acid soils characteristic of the tropics.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ In addition, this listing does not address the large body of research published before 1940 when reliance on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture began to become widely adopted.- Organic Farming and Marketing: Publications from the USDA, 1977-2006 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.nal.usda.gov [Source type: Academic]
^ The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization said that 550,000 tons of old, unused pesticides were threatening to poison food and water supplies worldwide.- Agriculture (Harper's Magazine) 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC harpers.org [Source type: Academic]
^ The Agriculture Course lectures were taught by Steiner in response to observations from farmers that soils were becoming depleted following the introduction of chemical fertilizers at the turn of the century.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
.^ The Swiss Research Institute of Organic Agriculture just published in Science the conclusion that organic farming is “practical,” since their 21-year side-by-side tests showed the organic crops yielded “only” 20 percent less than the conventional crops.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ But there is no other line of defense for today’s American society against a future of hunger, malnutrition, and environmental desolation.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Winter classes for boys over sixteen years of age are held at centres in some counties, and there are winter schools of agriculture at Downpatrick , Monaghan and Mount Bellew (Co.
.^ The eco-activists have claimed that organic-only farming could provide all the food needed—but only if humanity became vegetarian.- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[29] .^ Irrigated land formed 42% of net sown area during the kharif season and 67% during the rabi season of 2002-03.- Agrarian Programme CPI(ML) 10 September 2009 17:36 UTC www.cpiml.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Strangely, while the HYV area witnessed a five-fold increase between 1970-71 and 1997-98, the total foodgrains production only doubled during this period, indicating that increase in HYV cultivation doesn’t increase production at the same rate in the post-green revolution period.- Agrarian Programme CPI(ML) 10 September 2009 17:36 UTC www.cpiml.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Pressures on both land and water resources have been increasing but the scope for addition to net cropped area is not large.- Agrarian Programme CPI(ML) 10 September 2009 17:36 UTC www.cpiml.org [Source type: Original source]
[29] For example, irrigation increased corn yields in eastern
Colorado by 400 to 500% from 1940 to 1997.
[29]
However, concerns have been raised over the
sustainability of intensive agriculture.
.^ In addition, this listing does not address the large body of research published before 1940 when reliance on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture began to become widely adopted.- Organic Farming and Marketing: Publications from the USDA, 1977-2006 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.nal.usda.gov [Source type: Academic]
^ But I do strongly believe that the increase in food prices is not due to biofuel demands, for there is not enough increase in biofuel demand to make a notable difference in food cost.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ We in agriculture have a duty to help people understand that the intense increase in food demand I spoke of earlier will force even greater competition between farming and wildlife for land.- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Fairy Rings will take you near to a number of Farming Patches, however can only be used part way through Fairy Tale Part 2: Cure a Queen .- Farming Help - ::Sal's Realm of RuneScape:: 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC runescape.salmoneus.net [Source type: General]
^ A comprehensive review of current cultural, biological, mechanical, and chemical techniques used in managing or controlling agricultural and residential pests.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ Hazards examined include machinery, livestock, controlled spaces, pesticides, and other issues common to the food, fiber, natural resources and agricultural industry.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
.^ AGR 497 Integrated Pest Management.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ A comprehensive review of current cultural, biological, mechanical, and chemical techniques used in managing or controlling agricultural and residential pests.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ Some notable concepts and practices relating to soil and compost management from the biodynamic experience: .- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
[29] .^ Virtually all of the warming that’s occurred in the past 120 years occurred before 1940, before much greenhouse gas was emitted by human industries and autos.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Nigeria has much less land suitable for irrigation and for cultivation of the new semi‑dwarf varieties of wheat and rice that were the backbone of the Green Revolution in India.- Agrarian technologies as socio‑technical hybrids. Food crop improvement and management of land and water in sub‑Saharan Africa 1 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC apad.revues.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Each of the two genes produced a 17 percent gain in the highest-yielding Chinese hybrids; the genes are thought to be complementary, and capable of raising rice yield potential by 20 to 40 percent.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[29] .^ Being once sown, it will last five years; the land, when ploughed, will yield, three or four years together, rich crops of wheat, and after that a crop of oats, with which clover seed is to be sown again.
^ Each of the two genes produced a 17 percent gain in the highest-yielding Chinese hybrids; the genes are thought to be complementary, and capable of raising rice yield potential by 20 to 40 percent.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Organic farmers constantly brag that their fields contain somewhat more weed and insect species than high-yield fields.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[29] Crop rotation helps to prevent resistances.
[29].^ Today biodynamic agriculture is practiced on farms around the world, on various scales, and in a variety of climates and cultures.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
^ As conditions vary in different states and in different regions in the same state, agricultural labour and peasant organisations should take up particular demands according to the concrete conditions of their areas.- Agrarian Programme CPI(ML) 10 September 2009 17:36 UTC www.cpiml.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Nevertheless it was not till near the approach of the closing decade of the 19th century that the explanation of this longestablished point of agricultural practice was forthcoming.
.^ It is related that a visitor from the United States, talking to Sir John Lawes, said, " Americans have learnt more from this field than from any other agricultural experiment in the world."
^ However, modern farming in the United States accounts for only 2 percent of the country’s petroleum use, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Office of Energy.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Currently, China is estimated to import as much as 20,000 tons of french fries in 1997, with greater than 95 percent of this coming from the United States.- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[31]
.^ Agricultural research in USA, India and Nigeria .- Agrarian technologies as socio‑technical hybrids. Food crop improvement and management of land and water in sub‑Saharan Africa 1 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC apad.revues.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Asia includes three of the four largest nations: China, India, and Indonesia.- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The world has less than one-third of the organic N to produce today’s crops, let alone tripling food output for 2050.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[citation needed] More than 40 million Chinese farmers have been displaced from their land in recent years,
[32] usually for economic development, contributing to the 87,000 demonstrations and riots across China in 2005.
[33] Economists measure the
total factor productivity of agriculture and by this measure agriculture in the United States is roughly 2.6 times more productive than it was in 1948.
[34]
.^ Presents "a comprehensive picture" of quantities of a country's food supply exported, fed to livestock, used for seed, manufactured, or lost during storage and transportation.- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ The export customer to target is the private buyer supplying the rapidly growing premium foods market in these countries.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[35] .^ Rank of the United States among the world's largest exporters of grain and importers of oil : 1 .- Agriculture (Harper's Magazine) 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC harpers.org [Source type: Academic]
^ It is related that a visitor from the United States, talking to Sir John Lawes, said, " Americans have learnt more from this field than from any other agricultural experiment in the world."
^ This is a 250,000 to 300,000 ton potato import market, with almost 90 percent of these coming from the United States.- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[35] .^ Examines supply, use, prices, and trade for oil crops (primarily soybeans and products), including supply and demand prospects in major importing and exporting countries.
^ Examines supply, use, prices, and trade for feed grains, including supply and demand prospects in major importing and exporting countries.
^ The figure at right shows the total wheat imports of the “core” wheat importing nations (regular wheat importers, not including the former Soviet Union, India and China as these countries resort to imports only when their own production falls short), representing 80% of world wheat imports.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[37]
Crop production systems
.^ Lumpers and splitters inhabit all the main disciplinary branches of technology studies in the social sciences (economics, sociology, philosophy, politics, anthropology).- Agrarian technologies as socio‑technical hybrids. Food crop improvement and management of land and water in sub‑Saharan Africa 1 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC apad.revues.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ It seems certain that success in any system involving a more extended growth of leguminous crops in rotations must be dependent on a considerable variation in the description grown.
^ For further information on the routine and details of' farming, reference may be made to the articles under the headings of the various crops and implements.
[38][39] .^ The flocks were shorn twice annually (a practice common to several Asiatic countries), and the ewes yeaned twice a year.
^ We must talk about preventing forest losses to slash-and-burn farming (the cause of destruction for two-thirds of the tropical forest we’ve lost).- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ This cultivation practice is vital since in this semi‑arid environment rainfed crops succeed only every 2 or 3 years.- Agrarian technologies as socio‑technical hybrids. Food crop improvement and management of land and water in sub‑Saharan Africa 1 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC apad.revues.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Many if not all farmers could make more money doing something else.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ It’s also clear to see that most of the mothers are in their late twenties, many child bearing years left yet.- Can farming save Detroit? 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.infowars.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Who knows, in 20 years we may discover some new form of power we never even thought of, but we need to work on the things we have now and look not just to the next 10 years, but for many many years to come after that.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
.^ The discovery of the uses of the bare fallow and of manure, by making it possible to raise crops from the same area for an indefinite period, marks a stage of progress.
^ Fertilizers, Manures, and Nutrients .- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
.^ There was thus a withdrawal during the period of over 22 million acres from cereal cultivation.
.^ The topics of study include climatic requirements, growth characteristics, cultural practices, and pest control strategies.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
.^ The group is also working to fund a Pulse Quality Lab to research new products and new uses of pulse crops and will work with growers to maintain U.S. acreage planted in peas and lentils.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The growth, year after year, on the same soil of one kind of plant unfits it for bearing further crops of the kind which has exhausted it, and renders them:_less vigorous and more liable to disease.
.^ Only more expensive when the competition is subsidized by low oil prices which hide the true costs of using up this finite resource.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ Vermicomposting, using earthworms to turn waste into nutrient-rich fertilizer, can be an economical, organic waste management practice.
^ It will no doubt increase the use of fertilizers and pesticides (which must be manufactured) and increase the dependence on the bioengineering of crops.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
[39] .^ The Book of Husbandry begins with a description of the plough and other implements, after which about a third part of it is occupied with the several operations as they succeed one another throughout the year.
^ The flocks were shorn twice annually (a practice common to several Asiatic countries), and the ewes yeaned twice a year.
^ It seems certain that success in any system involving a more extended growth of leguminous crops in rotations must be dependent on a considerable variation in the description grown.
[40]
.^ This cultivation practice is vital since in this semi‑arid environment rainfed crops succeed only every 2 or 3 years.- Agrarian technologies as socio‑technical hybrids. Food crop improvement and management of land and water in sub‑Saharan Africa 1 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC apad.revues.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ It wouldn't be practical to walk to all of these places, so Teleporting in various ways is advised.- Farming Help - ::Sal's Realm of RuneScape:: 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC runescape.salmoneus.net [Source type: General]
.^ The stark reality, however, is that this proud tradition may be ending now, just as the world is facing its biggest agricultural challenge of all time.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ But the progress of husbandry, evidenced by the production of larger and better crops with more certainty, is due to that rationalizing of agricultural practices which is the work of modern times.
^ This cultivation practice is vital since in this semi‑arid environment rainfed crops succeed only every 2 or 3 years.- Agrarian technologies as socio‑technical hybrids. Food crop improvement and management of land and water in sub‑Saharan Africa 1 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC apad.revues.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ It seems certain that success in any system involving a more extended growth of leguminous crops in rotations must be dependent on a considerable variation in the description grown.
^ This course is designed to cover the principles and techniques involved in the production and management of nursery and greenhouse crops such as ornamental trees, shrubs, annuals, and perennials.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ At five-year intervals the areas were: - These crops, therefore, which, except potatoes, are used mainly for stock-feeding, have like the corn crops been grown on gradually diminishing areas.
.^ Very little of the lime of the crops, however, goes off in the saleable products of the farm in the case of the self-supporting rotation under consideration.
^ The owners of these small farms cultivated them with much care, and rendered them highly productive.
^ Between 1998 and 2000-01, the average annual import of farm products rose by about 64 per cent, while exports declined by 7 per cent.- Agrarian Programme CPI(ML) 10 September 2009 17:36 UTC www.cpiml.org [Source type: Original source]
[40]
.^ In addition, this listing does not address the large body of research published before 1940 when reliance on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture began to become widely adopted.- Organic Farming and Marketing: Publications from the USDA, 1977-2006 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.nal.usda.gov [Source type: Academic]
^ Those three advances, along with selective plant and animal breeding, powered the early era of agriculture.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The Agriculture Course lectures were taught by Steiner in response to observations from farmers that soils were becoming depleted following the introduction of chemical fertilizers at the turn of the century.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
.^ (Special Reference Briefs, 91-10) USDA , National Agricultural Library, Alternative Farming Systems Information Center, August 1991.- Organic Farming and Marketing: Publications from the USDA, 1977-2006 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.nal.usda.gov [Source type: Academic]
^ The Dust Bowl created the Soil Conservation Service, pushed farmers to use contour farming, and the new chemical nitrogen available because of Haber-Bosch—and launched agricultural science and engineering on a new path toward increasing sustainability for farming.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ There are low-yield farming systems that can be improved through economic and societal reforms in a few places such as the Ukraine and Bangladesh.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[41][42] .^ We are not creating support for the farm community.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
- farming | Center for Global Food Issues 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Thinking about the interactions within the farm ecosystem naturally leads to a series of holistic management practices that address the environmental, social, and financial aspects of the farm.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
^ The European Commission reported that the August heat wave was consistent with predictions about the pattern of global climate change and warned that many farming areas in Europe and North America may soon be unable to support agriculture .- Agriculture (Harper's Magazine) 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC harpers.org [Source type: Academic]
Crop statistics
.^ The new terraces stocked the water and allowed farmers to grow profitable crops like beans and other vegetables, along with fruit trees.- Agrarian technologies as socio‑technical hybrids. Food crop improvement and management of land and water in sub‑Saharan Africa 1 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC apad.revues.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Also remember that the most important food crop is grains...and grains must be planted with grain itself.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ Let me count the ways: Crop Advisory Team Alerts: During the growing season, fruit, vegetable, field crop and landscape… .
.^ Garnering this market requires attention to quality and growing wheat varieties with specific characteristics targeted to regional diets.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
In millions of metric tons, based on
FAO estimate.
Livestock production systems
.^ Farm Mobile: Use a barn as the center of the mobile, then add farm animals, a tractor, a farmer, etc.- Old MacDonald's Farm at The Virtual Vine 3 February 2010 15:28 UTC www.thevirtualvine.com [Source type: General]
^ Pocketchart Punctuation: Cut out a pig and a cow using die-cuts (or any two farm animals will do).- Old MacDonald's Farm at The Virtual Vine 3 February 2010 15:28 UTC www.thevirtualvine.com [Source type: General]
^ Farm Families: Use the animal names to introduce Word Families ___ig .- Old MacDonald's Farm at The Virtual Vine 3 February 2010 15:28 UTC www.thevirtualvine.com [Source type: General]
.^ Currently, only about 4 percent of the First World’s population are even vegetarian, and most of these vegetarians consume lots of resource-costly eggs and dairy products.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The U.S. Council for Agricultural Science and Technology (CAST) reports “where intakes of animal products are low, increases in meat (in particular), milk, and eggs in the diets of toddlers and school children have resulted in marked improvement in growth, cognitive development and health.” .- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Application of basic genetic principles, physiology, and nutrition to practical sheep, meat goat and angora goat production systems; management, health care and marketing of animals and fiber.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
.^ Project, a region-wide initiative to promote and support policies that will sustain and foster the region’s agricultural base and food production systems.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[44] .^ Judgment founded on knowledge and aided by careful observation, both in the field and in the feeding- shed , must be relied upon as the guide of the practical farmer.
^ The major emphasis in Animal Science prepares students for careers in the livestock and equine production and support industries.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
.^ However, we’re already using most of the world’s grasslands, and they have limited potential to produce more grass, due to poor rainfall and/or soil quality.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Acid soils make up 30 to 40 percent of the world’s arable land, and about 43 percent of the arable land in the tropics.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ This means that the area sown more than once has been around 47-48 mha in recent times and the cropping intensity only around 1.30 to 1.35.- Agrarian Programme CPI(ML) 10 September 2009 17:36 UTC www.cpiml.org [Source type: Original source]
^ That number, 16 million square miles, is significant because it represents the world’s total forest area.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[40] .^ Examines supply, use, prices, and trade for oil crops (primarily soybeans and products), including supply and demand prospects in major importing and exporting countries.
^ This book mainly focuses on vegetable production using organic farming techniques and glasshouse construction for retaining heat in winter season.
^ The group is also working to fund a Pulse Quality Lab to research new products and new uses of pulse crops and will work with growers to maintain U.S. acreage planted in peas and lentils.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ For 50 years, the critics of modern farming have held up organic crops fertilized with animal manure as the global ideal.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ In many cases it would be decided to let such land remain under grass indefinitely, and thus it would no longer be enumerated in the Agricultural Returns as temporary grass land, but would pass into the category of permanent grass land, or what is often spoken of as " permanent pasture."
^ Agriculture already uses about 37 percent of the earth’s land surface, and any land not already in a city or a farm is wildlife habitat.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Attica was famous for its olives and figs, but general agriculture excelled in Peloponnesus , where, by means of irrigation and drainage, all the available land was utilized.
[45] .^ Examines supply, use, prices, and trade for oil crops (primarily soybeans and products), including supply and demand prospects in major importing and exporting countries.
^ But the progress of husbandry, evidenced by the production of larger and better crops with more certainty, is due to that rationalizing of agricultural practices which is the work of modern times.
^ Very little of the lime of the crops, however, goes off in the saleable products of the farm in the case of the self-supporting rotation under consideration.
In the U.S., 70% of the grain grown is fed to animals on feedlots.
[40] .^ In addition, this listing does not address the large body of research published before 1940 when reliance on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture began to become widely adopted.- Organic Farming and Marketing: Publications from the USDA, 1977-2006 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.nal.usda.gov [Source type: Academic]
^ Cover crop strategies include undersowing and catch cropping as well as winter cover crops and summer green manures.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
^ Is the job site * the number one source relied upon by recruiting firms to find jobs for their own candidates?- Agriculture Farm Jobs Agricultural Farm Jobs Agriculture Dairy Careers 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.agriculturalcrossing.com [Source type: News]
Production practices
Road leading across the farm allows machinery access to the farm for production practices.
.^ But, we’ve had only one Dust Bowl—when the natural plant nutrients in the Great Plains soils ran out.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Principles of sexual and asexual propagation of major turf species, soils and rooting media, nutrient management, irrigation, pest control, and selection of appropriate cultivars are covered in this course.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ The topics of study include climatic requirements, growth characteristics, cultural practices, and pest control strategies.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
Tillage varies in intensity from conventional to
no-till.
.^ The dusts add mineral components to the compost and the organic acids released during the decomposition process help solubilize minerals in the rock powders to make nutrients more available to plants.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
^ Organic farmers constantly brag that their fields contain somewhat more weed and insect species than high-yield fields.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The whole organic movement began with the falsehood that synthetic fertilizer (actually, natural nitrogen captured from the air through an industrial process) would poison the soil.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[46][47]
Pest control includes the management of
weeds,
insects/mites, and
diseases.
.^ Buttel, Fredrick H. "Socioeconomic Impacts \and Social Implications of Reducing Pesticide and Agricultural Chemical Use in the United States," 153-181.- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ A comprehensive review of current cultural, biological, mechanical, and chemical techniques used in managing or controlling agricultural and residential pests.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
Cultural practices include
crop rotation,
culling,
cover crops,
intercropping,
composting, avoidance, and
resistance.
.^ AGR 497 Integrated Pest Management.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ Machinery Management (75671) Pest Management (75672) Soil Management (75673) Nitrogen Management (75674) Livestock Management (Hogs) (75675) Economic Management (75676).- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ Vermicomposting, using earthworms to turn waste into nutrient-rich fertilizer, can be an economical, organic waste management practice.
[48]
.^ The organic movement is still trying to swindle the world into believing the world can get enough nitrogen from animal waste and green manure crops to produce our food.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The principles of confinement livestock management will be considered including intensive herd management, precise production schedules, herd health, ventilation systems, biosecurity, waste management and building design.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ With better inputs and management, crop yields rise, so no additional land is needed for food.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Herbal teas and liquid manures aim to influence the phyllosphere; composts, tillage, and green manures influence the rhizosphere.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
^ The decomposition of green manures in soils parallels the composting process in that distinct phases of organic matter breakdown and humus buildup are moderated by microbes.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
^ Woods End publishes noteworthy manuals on compost, soil organic matter, and green manures.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
[49] .^ This course is designed to cover the principles and techniques involved in the production and management of nursery and greenhouse crops such as ornamental trees, shrubs, annuals, and perennials.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ Companion planting, a specialized form of crop rotation commonly used in biodynamic gardening, entails the planned association of two or more plant species in close proximity so that some cultural benefit (pest control, higher yield) is derived.- Biodynamic Farming & Compost Preparation 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC attra.ncat.org [Source type: Academic]
^ (The harrow was necessary for weed control as early farmers used only half the land each crop season and clean-fallowed the other half.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[50][51] .^ We aren’t really trained or equipped for it; and, we have crops to grow, livestock to feed and agribusinesses to run.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ He has also been published in USA Today magazine, Regulation magazine, Feed Management, and scientific publications such as Environmental Health Perspectives and the Journal of the American Dietetic Association.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ So you bitch about farmers using crops for non-food purposes, then you turn around and feed crops to animals that serve no real purpose?- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
.^ However, we’re already using most of the world’s grasslands, and they have limited potential to produce more grass, due to poor rainfall and/or soil quality.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ I simply pointed out, that a lot of countries in Europe are doing quite well - with some of the happiest and least fearful populations in the world - with a degree of socialist ideology.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ North Carolina’s Black River, which drains the most intensive hog production region in America, is still rated an “outstanding resource water” by the state.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[40] Some farmers use
irrigation to supplement rainfall.
.^ Despite what many people might think, it doesn't rain all that much in the Great Plains, so to grow corn there and get a bumper crop, you must irrigate.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ But farmers have used herbicides and tractors to invent conservation tillage, which cuts soil erosion per acre by 65 to 95 percent.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ But, we’ve had only one Dust Bowl—when the natural plant nutrients in the Great Plains soils ran out.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[52] Agriculture represents 70% of freshwater use worldwide.
[53]
Processing, distribution, and marketing
.^ The exceptions, it states are food crops used for their cellulose, including wheat, peanuts, and soy The GISP advocates risk assessments and cost/benefit analyses.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ The Washington, D.C.-based group’s mission is to increase U.S. canola and promote conditions favorable to greater production, marketing, processing and utilization of canola in the United States , including equalizing farm program eligibility and benefits; establishing and expanding federal crop insurance coverage for canola; expanding the availability of crop protection products; and increasing canola research funding.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ However, modern farming in the United States accounts for only 2 percent of the country’s petroleum use, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Office of Energy.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ But this intense increase in food demand will force even greater competition between farming and wildlife for land.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
more highly processed products) provided by the supply chain.
.^ While overall wheat imports doubled over the past 30 years, U.S. share of imports steadily declined.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ But supermarket sales of organic ornamental plants are not keeping up with this trend; organic herbs and flowers have been marketed primarily through the Internet, community agriculture groups, and local farmers markets.
^ Farmer, J.D. 2000, Microbial controls on mineralization processes in modern hydrothermal environments, Abstract (http://www.asmusa.org), American Society for Microbiology, 100th General Meeting , May 21-25, Los Angeles.
^ Economic efficiency (my definition) of food production means the supply equals the demand.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
[54]
Crop alteration and biotechnology
Main article:
Plant breeding.^ The Swiss Research Institute of Organic Agriculture just published in Science the conclusion that organic farming is “practical,” since their 21-year side-by-side tests showed the organic crops yielded “only” 20 percent less than the conventional crops.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The crops can then be sown in due time, which in wet years, and with the usual teams of horses kept on a farm, is not always practicable.
.^ Fix the Economy, make it worth while for more farmers- to grow FOOD, versus FUEL Build Nuclear Plants..- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ Fortunately, mankind has shown enormous ingenuity in achieving food-sufficiency, from the early invention of clubs, spears and flint skinning knives through the development of agriculture, and right up to today’s pursuit of virus-resistant (and thus higher-yielding) crop varieties through biotechnology.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Obviously, this is another important step in creating animals with greater tolerance for pests and diseases, better feed conversion ratios and other practical advantages.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Significant advances in plant breeding ensued after the work of geneticist Gregor Mendel.
.^ (Purdue University) Purdue University scientists led an effort to sequence the soybean genome, giving researchers a better understanding of the plant's genes and how to use them to improve its characteristics.
^ Purdue University scientists led an effort to sequence the soybean genome, giving researchers a better understanding of the plant's genes and how to use them to improve its characteristics.
^ The key, the post concludes is to gain a better understanding of how the carbon cycle works in bacteria.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
.^ Those three advances, along with selective plant and animal breeding, powered the early era of agriculture.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ This course is designed to cover the principles and techniques involved in the production and management of nursery and greenhouse crops such as ornamental trees, shrubs, annuals, and perennials.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
[55] .^ By Motoman on 5/26/08 , Rating: 4 By Motoman on 5/26/2008 1:30:55 PM , Rating: 4 ...any biofuel "solution" that involves planting & harvesting a dedicated crop is a magnificently bad idea?- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ Two researchers from Cornell University reasoned that more than a century of inbreeding the world’s crop plants had significantly narrowed the genetic base of our crops.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Over the ensuing decades, crop yields were tripled with improved seeds, industrial fertilizer, irrigation pumps and pesticides.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Those three advances, along with selective plant and animal breeding, powered the early era of agriculture.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Those three advances, along with selective plant and animal breeding, powered the early era of agriculture.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Wheat, barley, oats, beans, clover and other leguminous plants, turnips, sugar beet , mange's, potatoes and grass crops have thus been experimented upon.
^ I suppose it depends on whether the addition land needed for the cow costs more than the time and effort involved in planting new grass-seed.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
Extensive X-ray an ultraviolet induced mutagenesis efforts (i.e. primitive genetic engineering) during the 1950s produced the modern commercial varieties of grains such as wheat, corn (maize) and barley.
[56][57]
.^ CIMMYT says the new wheats have yielded up to 18 tons of grain per hectare, 50 percent more than any other wheats!- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The mean values at the foot of the table-they are not, strictly speaking, exact averages-indicate the average yields per acre in the United Kingdom to be about 31 bushels of wheat, 33 bushels of barley, 40 bushels of oats, 28 bushels of beans, 26 bushels of peas, 44 tons of potatoes, 134 tons of turnips and swedes, 184 tons of mangels, 32 cwt.
^ The general average for the United Kingdom might then recede to rather less than 28 bushels of 60 lb per bushel, which was for a long time the accepted average - unless, of course, improved methods of cultivating and manuring the soil were to increase its general wheat-yielding capacity.'
.^ A large expansion in the acreage of the wheat crop would probably be attended by a decline in the average yield per acre, for when a United Kingdom, 1895-1904.
^ Although enormous single crops of mangels [[Table X]].--Decennial Average Yields in Great Britain of Wheat, Barley and Oats-Bushels per acre.
^ By dividing the total production, say of wheat, in each county by the number of acres of wheat as returned by the occupiers on June 4, the estimated average yield per acre is obtained.
.^ The presumed solution is to make Midwest farmers radically cut their use of fertilizer, and to “crack down” on big livestock and poultry farms.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The Soil and Water Conservation Society of America, no friend of agribusiness, has declared modern high-yield farming the most sustainable in history in large part because of its unprecedented ability to minimize farming’s land requirements while sustaining soil fertility, preventing soil erosion and controlling pests through integrated pest management.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The initial reaction cited in Science was distress that this would encourage high levels of fertilizer use.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[58][59][60]
Genetic Engineering
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) are
organisms whose
genetic material has been altered by genetic engineering techniques generally known as
recombinant DNA technology.
.^ They don't have a plan to create new nuclear power plants, which are the cleanest and most efficient power sources available.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ The new process could expand availability of the drug by reducing its cost, which now retails for as about $8 per dose.
^ Other suggestions in the study are genetically engineering non-food cellulose source crops such as switchgrass to be taller.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
.^ These trials taking place, with few intermissions, year after year serve to direct the public mind to the development, which is continually in progress, of the mechanical aids to agriculture.
^ However, the current trade disputes over beef growth hormones and genetically modified foods are a vitally important aspect of the agricultural trade debate.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The mangel crop also is mainly English, the summer in most parts of Scotland being neither long enough nor warm enough to bring it to maturity.
^ The greater part of the nitrogen of the cereals is, however, sold off the farm; but perhaps not more than to or 15% of that of either the root-crop or the clover (or other forage leguminous crop) is sold off in animal increase or in milk.
^ Two researchers from Cornell University reasoned that more than a century of inbreeding the world’s crop plants had significantly narrowed the genetic base of our crops.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Herbicide-tolerant GMO Crops
.^ (Purdue University) Purdue University scientists led an effort to sequence the soybean genome, giving researchers a better understanding of the plant's genes and how to use them to improve its characteristics.
^ But if herbicide-tolerant biotech corn is soaked in a systemic herbicide before planting, the witchweed invading the sprouting corn plant may killed internally.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Purdue University scientists led an effort to sequence the soybean genome, giving researchers a better understanding of the plant's genes and how to use them to improve its characteristics.
.^ But if herbicide-tolerant biotech corn is soaked in a systemic herbicide before planting, the witchweed invading the sprouting corn plant may killed internally.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Project, a region-wide initiative to promote and support policies that will sustain and foster the region’s agricultural base and food production systems.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Charlock is a most persistent cruciferous weed, but if sprayed when young with the solution named it is killed, the corn plants being uninjured.
.^ (The harrow was necessary for weed control as early farmers used only half the land each crop season and clean-fallowed the other half.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The ground continued to be cropped so long as it produced two seeds; the best farmers were contented with four seeds, which was more than the general produce.
^ I don't begrudge people being able to make a profit - and I can't say that I really can "blame the farmer" for growing the crop he can make the most profit from.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
.^ But farmers have used herbicides and tractors to invent conservation tillage, which cuts soil erosion per acre by 65 to 95 percent.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ (The harrow was necessary for weed control as early farmers used only half the land each crop season and clean-fallowed the other half.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ So you bitch about farmers using crops for non-food purposes, then you turn around and feed crops to animals that serve no real purpose?- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
.^ But if herbicide-tolerant biotech corn is soaked in a systemic herbicide before planting, the witchweed invading the sprouting corn plant may killed internally.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[61] With the increasing use of herbicide-tolerant crops, comes an increase in the use of glyphosate based herbicide sprays.
.^ (The harrow was necessary for weed control as early farmers used only half the land each crop season and clean-fallowed the other half.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[62][63] .^ This led to higher infant mortality, shorter life spans, more infectious diseases, widespread iron deficiency anemiam and bone mineral disorders.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The group is also working to fund a Pulse Quality Lab to research new products and new uses of pulse crops and will work with growers to maintain U.S. acreage planted in peas and lentils.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The Atlanta-based group, funded by a mandatory one percent assessment on U.S. peanut crops, works to support and expand existing markets, develop new markets and facilitate economical production of high-quality, domestic peanuts for consumers worldwide.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[64]
Insect-Resistant GMO Crops
.^ The world’s poorer soils are terrible for crop production, but harbor our largest reservoir of wild plant species and their genes.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Minors in Horticulture and Crop Science, Animal Science, Equine Science, Agricultural Mechanization and Agribusiness are available for those majoring in other specific agricultural disciplines.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
.^ At one point in history, a farmer might have to hold back 1/4 or more of his entire crop, simply to plant the following year.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ The U.S. Department of Agriculture and Environmental Protection Agency estimate that America has only about one-fourth of the organic N needed to support its current crop output.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ "Agricultural Practices, Plant Stress, and Crop Susceptibility to Insect Attack."- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
Another is cotton, which accounts for 63% of US cotton acreage.
[65]
.^ Obviously, this is another important step in creating animals with greater tolerance for pests and diseases, better feed conversion ratios and other practical advantages.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Agriculture and agricultural researchers must talk about saving wildlands and wild species with better seeds.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The same researchers selected two promising genes from wild relatives of the rice plant — a crop where no yield gains had been achieved since the Chinese pioneered hybrids some 15 years ago.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
In some cases, wild species are the primary source of resistance traits; some tomato cultivars that have gained resistance to at least nineteen diseases did so through crossing with wild populations of tomatoes.
[66]
Costs and Benefits of GMOs
.^ The Swiss Research Institute of Organic Agriculture just published in Science the conclusion that organic farming is “practical,” since their 21-year side-by-side tests showed the organic crops yielded “only” 20 percent less than the conventional crops.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ While this is one possible method, the study suggests that another more promising method would be to genetically engineering plants to store cellulose digesting enzymes within safe compartments within the cell.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ Even a bad season in one hemisphere would be mostly covered by existing stores, and the slack taken up by increased planting for the season in the opposite hemisphere.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
.^ This would allow farming to flourish on a smaller scale...bringing back the small family farm.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
However, genetic engineering of plants has proven to be controversial.
.^ "Achieving a Secure Energy Future: Environmental and Economic Issues."- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
For example, GMOs are questioned by some ecologists and economists concerned with GMO practices such as
terminator seeds,
[67][68] which is a genetic modification that creates sterile seeds.
.^ While ethanol certainly fairly deserves criticism for its current implementation, these new efforts promise a new responsible face for the ethanol industry.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ EU and U.S. Organic Markets Face Strong Demand Under Different Policies ,” by Carolyn Dimitri and Lydia Oberholtzer.- Organic Farming and Marketing: Publications from the USDA, 1977-2006 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.nal.usda.gov [Source type: Academic]
[69] .^ The group helps protect and advance corn producers; interests, including increasing ethanol demand through a Renewable Fuels Standard; funding R&D to develop new uses for corn; and working to promote competitiveness and global market access.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ This new guide on food composition data explains the issues and pitfalls in sourcing and using data on food.
Since companies have intellectual ownership of their seeds, they have the power to dictate terms and conditions of their patented product. Currently, ten seed companies control over two-thirds of the global seed sales.
[70] .^ Terms of Use We at InfoFarm and the National Agricultural Librarywish you a beautiful holiday season anda new year of peace and happiness!
^ Change your seed every year at Michaelmas, for the seed grown on other land will bring you more than that grown on your own."
^ Farmers use natural gas to capture 80 million tons of nitrogen fertilizer per year from the air.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Among the subjects deserving notice may be mentioned the practice of steeping and liming seed corn as a preventive of smut; changing every year the species of grain, and bringing seed corn from a distance; ploughing down green crops as manure; and feeding horses with broken oats and chaff.
^ Change your seed every year at Michaelmas, for the seed grown on other land will bring you more than that grown on your own."
^ We should add refineries- not a new one in over 20 years" It's been just over thirty years since we built a new refinery in the US, actually.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
[62][71]
Locally adapted seeds are an essential hertitage that has the potential to be lost with current hybridized crops and GMOs.
.^ Being once sown, it will last five years; the land, when ploughed, will yield, three or four years together, rich crops of wheat, and after that a crop of oats, with which clover seed is to be sown again.
^ Facility design and construction, water management, soil modification, and unique management practices commonly applied to golf courses and other sports turfs will be covered.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ 'The most important additions to the list of field crops were Italian rye-grass, winter beans, white Belgian carrot and alsike clover.
[72] .^ Change your seed every year at Michaelmas, for the seed grown on other land will bring you more than that grown on your own."
.^ [This book contains a wealth of material on so many subjects it's hard to classify under one heading.- Suggested Reading 10 September 2009 17:36 UTC www.mutualist.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[73].^ The Mexican researchers have since gotten the citric acid gene to work in rice plants, and hope that it can be used widely in crop species for the tropics.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ They also reasoned that the world’s gene banks contained a large number of genes from wild relatives of our crop plants.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The world’s poorer soils are terrible for crop production, but harbor our largest reservoir of wild plant species and their genes.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
GMO gene flow to related weed species is a concern, as well as cross-pollination with non-transgenic crops.
.^ Presents "a comprehensive picture" of quantities of a country's food supply exported, fed to livestock, used for seed, manufactured, or lost during storage and transportation.- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ The fields were fenced in from seed-time to harvest, after which the fences were taken 1 Translation by Clement - Mullet (Paris, 1864).
^ The Mexican researchers have since gotten the citric acid gene to work in rice plants, and hope that it can be used widely in crop species for the tropics.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[74]
Food safety and labeling
.^ Concepts dealing with isolation, resistance, sanitation, containment, transportation, and food safety issues and potential economic impact to the agricultural industry and others are major topics.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ "Ethical Issues Concerning the Potential Climate Change on Food Production."- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
.^ The role for world trade is clear in this context, the trick is knocking down the trade barriers currently hampering the growth in global trade and limiting trade relationships.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ If all of the US interstates, FL and CA lawn clipping where combined, I'm sure it would total more then all of the food grown in the US..- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ Just because something is labeled as organic does not mean it is superior, safer or healthier than conventional food.” .- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ In terms of subject, only publications pertinent to organic production, food and marketing are represented.- Organic Farming and Marketing: Publications from the USDA, 1977-2006 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.nal.usda.gov [Source type: Academic]
^ Many vegetarians choose to eat an animal-free diet because they believe cows, hogs, chickens and goats have the same desire for life as humans.
^ The National Food processors Association asked the USDA to require that the organic labels include a statement saying the products are no more safe or nutritious than conventional foods.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[75]
Environmental impact
.^ Agricultural engineers have created a far more water-efficient and cost-efficient irrigation system than the traditional dams and ditches.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ "Assessment of Manure-Application Effects Upon the Runoff Water Quality by Algal Assays and Chemical Analyses."- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ BOOKS, PAPERS, AND ARTICLES Curriculum Development Low-Input, Sustainable Agriculture Pollution Problems Soil Erosion and Conservation Water Resources Fertilizers, Manures, and Nutrients Pesticides and Pest Management Biotechnology Agriculture and Landscape Ecology Others VIDEOS DATABASE RESOURCES RELATED WEB SITES FACULTY ORGANIZATIONS ADDITIONS .- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
A 2000 assessment of agriculture in the UK determined total
external costs for 1996 of £2,343 million, or £208 per hectare.
[76] .^ Efficiency in agricultural is defined in terms of production per acre (or hectare).- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ Ultimately, we must expect that Third World per capita consumption of livestock products will equal that in the First World today.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[77] .^ Agricultural trade has been stifled by more than $300 billon per year in rich-country farm subsidies that would be essentially unnecessary if we had free trade.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Selection, valuation, wear analysis, and maintenance of power units for agricultural and industrial applications including those powered by alternative fuels will be covered.- Department of Agricultural Sciences 10 February 2010 10:13 UTC www.shsu.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ Studies show both benefited, but the biggest gains went to billions of consumers worldwide through lower-cost food abundance.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Both focused on purely fiscal impacts.
.^ The practice is for the Board of Agriculture to appoint local estimators, who report in the autumn as to the total production of the crops in the localities respectively assigned to them.
Livestock issues
.^ I would not call that an "environmental" problem at all, I'd call it a political one, like you said.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ In the majority report it was stated " that, in order to place agricultural lands in their right position as compared with other ratable properties, it is essential that they should be assessed to all local rates in a reduced proportion of their ratable value."
^ Palm oil is one of the world's most traded and versatile agricultural commodities.
[79] .^ The Rockefeller Foundation recently announced the success of its project to overcome two of the world’s largest sources of malnutrition with genetically-modified rice.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
By comparison, all transportation emits 13.5% of the CO
2.
.^ Virtually all of the warming that’s occurred in the past 120 years occurred before 1940, before much greenhouse gas was emitted by human industries and autos.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ More than 17,000 scientists in climate-related fields have signed a petition sponsored by the Oregon Center for Science and Medicine denying any human-caused global warming on the planet today.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
It also generates 64% of the ammonia, which contributes to acid rain and acidification of ecosystems.
.^ (If we factor in today’s larger demand and the land saved by high-efficiency confinement livestock, modern farming may well be saving wildlands equal to the world’s total forest area-about 16 million square miles.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[79] Through deforestation and land degradation, livestock is also driving reductions in biodiversity.
Land transformation and degradation
.^ Agriculture already uses about 37 percent of the earth’s land surface, and any land not already in a city or a farm is wildlife habitat.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ And we're still importing oil because it's still the most cost-effective (and currently most eco-friendly) way to drive our cars.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ The greatest threat to the Earth’s biodiversity is habitat loss through the conversion of natural ecosystems in developing countries to agriculture.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Estimates of the amount of land transformed by humans vary from 39–50%.
[80] .^ Worldwide, there are only small amounts of additional good land that can be brought into production; for example, parts of Brazil and Sudan.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[81] .^ I suppose the fact that Africa's arable lands have been so poorly managed that they've turned to desert has nothing to do with the fact that the people who rely on them for farming are starving to death?- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
.^ "Soil Erosion and Land Degradation: The Global Risks."- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
[40]
Eutrophication
.^ The greatest threat to the Earth’s biodiversity is habitat loss through the conversion of natural ecosystems in developing countries to agriculture.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ And do not forget that this land will have to support China’s rapidly growing urban population, industries and infrastructure, as well as compete with non-agricultural uses for water.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The public is being told that vital plant nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus are environmental threats.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ (If we factor in today’s larger demand and the land saved by high-efficiency confinement livestock, modern farming may well be saving wildlands equal to the world’s total forest area-about 16 million square miles.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ However, this land is well-suited for raising livestock, provided you don't overpopulate the grazing area.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
These nutrients are major
nonpoint pollutants contributing to eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems.
[82]
Pesticides
.^ The Mexican researchers have since gotten the citric acid gene to work in rice plants, and hope that it can be used widely in crop species for the tropics.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ This one off-the-shelf adaptation of a biotech transformation could add millions of tons to Africa’s annual grain production.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Farmers use natural gas to capture 80 million tons of nitrogen fertilizer per year from the air.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[83] .^ My peer-reviewed estimate is that with 1950s crop yields, the world would have needed another 12 million square miles of cropland to produce the 1992 food supply.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ An estimated 100,000 cattle have died in Kenya due to lack of water, and Kenya's government estimates 10 million people face food… .
[84] Pesticides select for
pesticide resistance in the pest population, leading to a condition termed the 'pesticide treadmill' in which pest resistance warrants the development of a new pesticide.
[85] .^ However, all farming is an intrusion on nature.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ They produce more food by farming more acres, and/or more animals and/or getting higher yields.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ In short, producing more food per hectare helped save large areas of land for nature.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[85]
Climate Change
.^ From our daily weather forecasts to the news about climate change temperature is and integral part of our daily lives.
^ "Ethical Issues Concerning the Potential Climate Change on Food Production."- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ Climate Change Issues; Animal Agriculture; Crop Insurance; Energy Prices; and Crop Reports .
[40][89] Agriculture can both mitigate or worsen
global warming.
.^ (The phytate in rice tied up the iron in their bodies no matter how much iron they consumed; the new rice has phytase to free the iron.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Soil organic matter declined with repeated plowing and cropping.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Agboola, A. A. "Organic Matter and Soil Fertility Management in the Humid Tropics of Africa."- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
[90] .^ The whole organic movement began with the falsehood that synthetic fertilizer (actually, natural nitrogen captured from the air through an industrial process) would poison the soil.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[91] .^ Further they could be used to sequester carbon.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
[90]
Distortions in modern global agriculture
.^ In some third-world nations, the ratio is more like 2:1....meaning half the entire population has to be farming, simply to keep up.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ These are the very areas where the populations are growing most rapidly, where incomes are rising most rapidly, where the food gaps are expanding most rapidly — and where most of the world’s biodiversity is located.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ This is the foundation for economic prosperity for all of the world’s farmers, especially those with the abundant resources in farming, geography and infrastructure as U.S. farmers have.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Third World countries.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ One canola plant can remove 12 grams of salt, and there can be 20,000 canola plants per acre.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Agricultural trade has been stifled by more than $300 billon per year in rich-country farm subsidies that would be essentially unnecessary if we had free trade.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Whereas formerly the farmer was to some extent compensated by a higher price for a smaller yield, in recent years he had had to compete with an unusually large supply at greatly reduced prices.
^ It seems counter-intuitively, the rising food price actually makes farmers switch to biofuel production.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ With declining prices for farm produce came that year of unhappy memory, 1879, when persistent rains and an almost sunless summer ruined the crops and reduced many farmers to a state of destitution.
.^ The recent increase in food prices could very well due to that fact that farmers who do farm are producing less due to recent dry conditions and that farmers who are subsidized not to farm are not producing to help make up for the loss in production.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ For the longest time, farmers are subsidized for their crop, or to not yield crop, so as to protect the price of the yielded crops.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
[93] .^ For 2008, AFBF will focus on continuing to support the productivity and resiliency of American farmers and ranchers.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The American tradition of high-yield agricultural research lay behind this country’s recent world-leading investments in agricultural biotechnology, both public and private.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[94] .^ But high-yield wheat takes no more fertilizer per ton of food than low-yield wheat—high yields just grow the grain on far less land .- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The 3 million acres of U.S. public forest that have burned this year are a stark testament to the high environmental cost of the “let it burn” policy—yet the Sierra Club is now demanding an end to all tree harvest on U.S. public lands.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ May we respectfully add one more: Bring all your people onboard in the collective efforts necessary to achieve your goals in 2008.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[95] .^ CIMMYT says the new wheats have yielded up to 18 tons of grain per hectare, 50 percent more than any other wheats!- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The best-quality land could support no more than one animal unit per hectare, and low-quality land might need 15 hectares per animal unit.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ In short, producing more food per hectare helped save large areas of land for nature.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[96][97][98]
Energy and Agriculture
.^ In addition, this listing does not address the large body of research published before 1940 when reliance on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture began to become widely adopted.- Organic Farming and Marketing: Publications from the USDA, 1977-2006 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.nal.usda.gov [Source type: Academic]
^ But the progress of husbandry, evidenced by the production of larger and better crops with more certainty, is due to that rationalizing of agricultural practices which is the work of modern times.
^ The quantities of dead meat imported increased with great rapidity from 1891 to 1905, a circumstance largely due to the rise of the trade in chilled and frozen meat.
.^ One of farming’s major fossil fuel uses is unique.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ This seem to me more like a propaganda from the big oil companies to scare the public to help them stop the move to biofuel, for the vast majority of their refineries are only for fossil fuel.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ Batteries are still a couple of orders of magnitude away (by energy per weight and space) from fossil fuels last time I checked.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
.^ Currently, only about 4 percent of the First World’s population are even vegetarian, and most of these vegetarians consume lots of resource-costly eggs and dairy products.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ In all, Asia will have nearly half the world’s population by the year 2040, yet a significantly smaller amount of the world’s agricultural resources.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ This one off-the-shelf adaptation of a biotech transformation could add millions of tons to Africa’s annual grain production.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ But I do strongly believe that the increase in food prices is not due to biofuel demands, for there is not enough increase in biofuel demand to make a notable difference in food cost.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ So, stop blaming biofuel for the increase in food cost.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ The two most prominent causes assigned for the depression were bad seasons and foreign competition, aggravated by the increased cost of production and the heavy losses of live stock.
.^ One of farming’s major fossil fuel uses is unique.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Eco-activists condemn modern agriculture for using “too much fossil fuel.” in agriculture.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ What this means is that virtually every forest tree and creature on the planet today owes its existence to high-yield farming, agricultural researchers, and farm input suppliers!- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ One of farming’s major fossil fuel uses is unique.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Agriculture already uses about 37 percent of the earth’s land surface, and any land not already in a city or a farm is wildlife habitat.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Currently, only about 4 percent of the First World’s population are even vegetarian, and most of these vegetarians consume lots of resource-costly eggs and dairy products.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ All today’s urban consumers know about farming is what they’ve been told by farmers and activists.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[104] .^ USDA , Agricultural Research Service, 2002?- Organic Farming and Marketing: Publications from the USDA, 1977-2006 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.nal.usda.gov [Source type: Academic]
^ The presumed solution is to make Midwest farmers radically cut their use of fertilizer, and to “crack down” on big livestock and poultry farms.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ ARS Press Release) USDA , Agricultural Research Service, February 22, 2002.- Organic Farming and Marketing: Publications from the USDA, 1977-2006 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.nal.usda.gov [Source type: Academic]
.^ However, modern farming in the United States accounts for only 2 percent of the country’s petroleum use, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Office of Energy.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Yes, for the time being we should use fossil fuels and renewable energy sources together, but oil eventually runs out.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ Never mind that nitrogen fertilizer use on Midwest farms plateaued two decades ago while corn yields have since risen 20 percent.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ While overall wheat imports doubled over the past 30 years, U.S. share of imports steadily declined.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[106]
.^ In terms of subject, only publications pertinent to organic production, food and marketing are represented.- Organic Farming and Marketing: Publications from the USDA, 1977-2006 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.nal.usda.gov [Source type: Academic]
^ Blocking free trade in farm products and farm inputs will probably mean clearing tropical forest for food self-sufficiency in Asia.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ (Special Reference Briefs, 2000-03) USDA , National Agricultural Library, Alternative Farming Systems Information Center, 2000.- Organic Farming and Marketing: Publications from the USDA, 1977-2006 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.nal.usda.gov [Source type: Academic]
.^ The exceptions, it states are food crops used for their cellulose, including wheat, peanuts, and soy The GISP advocates risk assessments and cost/benefit analyses.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ Well correction, the sun will one day run out, but in that particular scenario what energy sources we are using becomes a moot point.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ The United States would need the manure from nearly one billion additional cattle to replace its current N fertilizer use.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[107]
Oil shortages could impact this food supply.
.^ Vermicomposting, using earthworms to turn waste into nutrient-rich fertilizer, can be an economical, organic waste management practice.
^ This book mainly focuses on vegetable production using organic farming techniques and glasshouse construction for retaining heat in winter season.
^ Agricultural researchers used organic and mineral fertilizers on three different species of plants with mixed results.
.^ However, we’re already using most of the world’s grasslands, and they have limited potential to produce more grass, due to poor rainfall and/or soil quality.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ However, modern farming in the United States accounts for only 2 percent of the country’s petroleum use, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Office of Energy.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ But decades of farming gradually used up the nutrients that had accumulated in those soils under centuries of heavy grazing and defecating by bison, antelope, birds, and grasshoppers.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[108][109][110][111].^ A shortage of grains (and hence a price rise) would result in higher grain prices.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ Farmers tell them there’s a food surplus and that farm prices are too low.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Without demand, where's the incentive for the farmers to switch?- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
[114][115] .^ So unless you propose that we shotgun your dog scooter in the face to keep food prices down, I think you should rethink your response.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
.^ Finally, modern storage techniques and global trade mean that a single bad season is unlikely to result in food shortages.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
[16][17][18]
.^ One of farming’s major fossil fuel uses is unique.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Eco-activists condemn modern agriculture for using “too much fossil fuel.” in agriculture.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Farmers use natural gas to capture 80 million tons of nitrogen fertilizer per year from the air.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[116] .^ Farmers use natural gas to capture 80 million tons of nitrogen fertilizer per year from the air.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[117][118] .^ Only more expensive when the competition is subsidized by low oil prices which hide the true costs of using up this finite resource.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ Examines supply, use, prices, and trade for oil crops (primarily soybeans and products), including supply and demand prospects in major importing and exporting countries.
^ This electricity is probably also produced by natural gas, coal, or oil.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
.^ Presents "a comprehensive picture" of quantities of a country's food supply exported, fed to livestock, used for seed, manufactured, or lost during storage and transportation.- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ Well correction, the sun will one day run out, but in that particular scenario what energy sources we are using becomes a moot point.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ While in the long term, an purely electric car would be nice from an energy consumption point of view, we're going to need liquid fuels for things such as aircraft until we can find something with an equivalent energy density.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
.^ A shortage of grains (and hence a price rise) would result in higher grain prices.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ It seems counter-intuitively, the rising food price actually makes farmers switch to biofuel production.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ This would push up the prices of many staple foods as well as meat.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
Mitigation of effects of petroleum shortages
.^ Palm oil is one of the world's most traded and versatile agricultural commodities.
^ The U.S. Department of Agriculture and Environmental Protection Agency estimate that America has only about one-fourth of the organic N needed to support its current crop output.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Conducts applied research in regenerative, non-synthetic agriculture systems, emphasizing "practical technology to build rather than deplete local production resources as they are used."- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ We can do BOTH. Parent (1 Hidden) RE: Q&A By jeff834 on 5/26/08 , Rating: 2 By jeff834 on 5/26/2008 7:44:32 PM , Rating: 2 Well it seems pretty obvious to me that drilling for more oil is no less of a "bandaid" solution than any others.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ The National Food processors Association asked the USDA to require that the organic labels include a statement saying the products are no more safe or nutritious than conventional foods.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The presumed solution is to make Midwest farmers radically cut their use of fertilizer, and to “crack down” on big livestock and poultry farms.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The Swiss Research Institute of Organic Agriculture just published in Science the conclusion that organic farming is “practical,” since their 21-year side-by-side tests showed the organic crops yielded “only” 20 percent less than the conventional crops.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ High-yield farmers increasingly use some form of conservation tillage, which eliminates plowing, cuts water runoff and soil erosion by up to 95 percent, retains up to twice as much water in the soils, and encourages far more soil microbes and earthworms.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[108][109][110][111] .^ Agricultural trade has been stifled by more than $300 billon per year in rich-country farm subsidies that would be essentially unnecessary if we had free trade.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ High-yield agriculturists also need to ensure that organic food and farming is presented accurately to the urban public.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ However, a 20 percent worldwide increase in cropland requirements would force the plow-down of another 1.2 million square miles of wildlife habitat—equaling one-fourth of Europe’s land area.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[119]
.^ Amidst much that is valueless there are some useful notices concerning the state of agriculture at the time in different parts of England.
^ Vermicomposting, using earthworms to turn waste into nutrient-rich fertilizer, can be an economical, organic waste management practice.
^ Agricultural researchers used organic and mineral fertilizers on three different species of plants with mixed results.
.^ We include purchasing information on more recently published books, which might be difficult to locate through interlibrary loan; also, the Cornell University Online Catalog is especially useful for locating agriculture documents.- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ Much of this historic information, which predates the common use of the term “organic agriculture,” is directly applicable to current organic systems.- Organic Farming and Marketing: Publications from the USDA, 1977-2006 1 February 2010 7:50 UTC www.nal.usda.gov [Source type: Academic]
^ Agricultural engineers have created a far more water-efficient and cost-efficient irrigation system than the traditional dams and ditches.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[120][121]
.^ Thus the cereal crops, when grown in rotation, yield more produce for sale in the season of growth than when grown continuously.
^ The Swiss Research Institute of Organic Agriculture just published in Science the conclusion that organic farming is “practical,” since their 21-year side-by-side tests showed the organic crops yielded “only” 20 percent less than the conventional crops.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Paraduenture some men would say that this shuld be against the common weale, bicause the shepeherdes, heerdmen and swyne-herdes shuld than be put out of wages.
[122] The possibility of success of these programs is questioned by ecologists and economists concerned with unsustainable GMO practices such as
terminator seeds,
[123][124] and a January 2008 report shows that GMO practices "fail to deliver environmental, social and economic benefits."
[125] While there has been some research on sustainability using GMO crops, at least one hyped and prominent multi-year attempt by
Monsanto Company has been unsuccessful, though during the same period traditional breeding techniques yielded a more sustainable variety of the same crop.
[126] .^ The forage needed for so many cattle would take most of the world’s scarce farmland.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The U.S. Department of Agriculture and Environmental Protection Agency estimate that America has only about one-fourth of the organic N needed to support its current crop output.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The difference between farmers and most other industries is that farmers have an extremely powerful lobby, and get themselves subsidized to a degree no other industry today can come close to matching.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
[127] .^ Skywax.com has a new approach to web design thanks to some patented technology.
[128]
Policy
.^ Project, a region-wide initiative to promote and support policies that will sustain and foster the region’s agricultural base and food production systems.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Integrating Sustainable Agriculture, Ecology and Environmental Policy Binghampton, NY: Food Products Press, 1992.- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
^ Committee on Role of Alternative Farming Methods in Modern Production Agriculture, National Research Council.- Sustainable Agriculture Resource List 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.umich.edu [Source type: Academic]
At the policy level, common goals of agriculture include:
.^ Economic efficiency (my definition) of food production means the supply equals the demand.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
^ The marriage made in economic and environmental heaven is between the unmet demand for high-quality diets in densely populated Asian countries and the surplus productivity of North America, South America, and Europe.- agriculture | Center for Global Food Issues 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.cgfi.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ As the top of the food chain we need to realize our responsibility to control our OWN population.- DailyTech - Getting The Food Crop Monkey Off The Back of Biofuels 19 November 2009 20:49 UTC www.dailytech.com [Source type: General]
[129][130]
Poverty Reduction
See also
Lists
References
Notes
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- ^ B. Hölldobler & E.O. Wilson (1990). The Ants. Cambridge MA: Belknap.
- ^ "Human Health Issues | Pesticides | US EPA". Epa.gov. 2006-06-28. http://www.epa.gov/opp00001/health/human.htm. Retrieved 2009-11-26.
- ^ "EU Scientists Confirm Health Risks of Growth Hormones in Meat". Organicconsumers.org. http://www.organicconsumers.org/toxic/hormone042302.cfm. Retrieved 2009-11-26.
- ^ Brickates Kennedy, Val (October 16, 2007). "Plastics that are green in more ways than one". The Wall Street Journal (New York). http://www.marketwatch.com/story/bioengineers-aim-to-cash-in-on-plants-that-make-green-plastics.
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- ^ Latin Word Lookup
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- ^ Barrionuevo, Alexei; Bradsher, Keith (December 8, 2005). "Sometimes a Bumper Crop Is Too Much of a Good Thing". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/08/business/worldbusiness/08farmers.html.
- ^ Schneider, Keith (September 8, 1989). "Science Academy Recommends Resumption of Natural Farming". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1989/09/08/us/science-academy-recommends-resumption-of-natural-farming.html.
- ^ The World Bank (1995), Overcoming Agricultural Water Pollution in the European Union.
- ^ European Commission (2003), CAP Reform.
- ^ "At Tyson and Kraft, Grain Costs Limit Profit". The New York Times. Bloomberg. September 6, 2007. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/06/business/06tyson.html?n=Top/Reference/Times%20Topics/Subjects/W/Wheat.
- ^ McMullen, Alia (January 7, 2008). "Forget oil, the new global crisis is food". Financial Post (Toronto). http://www.financialpost.com/story.html?id=213343.
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