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Antipyretics (literally "against the fire") are drugs that reduce body temperature in situations such as fever.^[1] However, they will not affect the normal body temperature if one does not have a fever. Antipyretics cause the hypothalamus to override an interleukin-induced increase in temperature. The body will then work to lower the temperature and the result is a reduction in fever.

Most antipyretic medications have other purposes. For example, the most common antipyretics in the United States are ibuprofen and aspirin, which are used primarily as pain relievers. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and pain relievers. There is some debate over the appropriate use of such medications: fever is part of the body's immune response to infection.

The effectiveness of acetaminophen as an antipyretic in children is unknown.^[2]

Behaviors

Bathing or sponging with lukewarm or cool water can effectively reduce body temperature.

Medications

Many medications have antipyretic effects, including:

• NSAIDs like ibuprofen, naproxen sodium, and ketoprofen.
• Aspirin, and related salicylates like choline salicylate, magnesium salicylate, and sodium salicylate
• Paracetamol (acetaminophen)
• Metamizole
• Nabumetone
• Nimesulide
• Phenazone

References