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For other uses, see Ape (disambiguation).
Apes[1]
Fossil range: Late Oligocene - Recent
Lar Gibbon (Hylobates lar)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Suborder: Haplorrhini
Parvorder: Catarrhini
Superfamily: Hominoidea
Gray, 1825
Families
.An ape is any member of the Hominoidea superfamily of primates, including humans.^ Sociopaths The Evolution of Primates Primate evolution has been a long process of natural selection that has produced the species of monkey, ape, and even human beings that we have today.
  • Ape - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Hypothesis Sex and the Higher Primates Sex in Ape and Human societies, but not in Archbishops By Steve Challis   |  Published 3/27/2009 More topics: Ape .
  • Ape - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ His choice may have been partially the result of emerging theories about the relatedness of the great apes to that other large primate, the human.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Due to its ambiguous nature, the term ape has been deemphasized in favor of Hominoidea as a means of describing taxonomic relationships.^ Upon learning what the word "recycle" means, Mr Burns exclaims, "Oh, so Mother Nature needs a favor!

 ^ Showing himself the true son of Tarzan, he becomes Korak which, in the language of the apes (a tongue for which the boy has a natural apptitude), means Killer.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Under the current classification system there are two families of hominoids:
.A few other primates, such as the Barbary Ape, have the word ape in their common names (usually to indicate lack of a tail), but they are not regarded as true apes.^ His choice may have been partially the result of emerging theories about the relatedness of the great apes to that other large primate, the human.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ After you select the name of your image, APE will take care of everything else such as reading the image configuration, etc, and mount it for you in your selected bay.
  • THE ATARI PERIPHERAL EMULATOR USERS GUIDE 31 January 2010 12:13 UTC www.atarimax.com [Source type: General]

 ^ As a result "the apes are humanized to such an exaggerated and surprising degree that they become central characters in what would otherwise be purely human drama."
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.Except for gorillas and humans, all true apes are agile climbers of trees.^ I have taught thee all the Law of the Jungle for all the peoples of the jungle—except the Monkey-Folk who live in the trees.
  • Everything's Better With Monkeys - Television Tropes & Idioms 10 January 2010 7:33 UTC tvtropes.org [Source type: General]

 ^ Unregistered evaluation users have ALL of APEs powerful features at their disposal except the follow, which are available to REGISTERED users only.
  • THE ATARI PERIPHERAL EMULATOR USERS GUIDE 31 January 2010 12:13 UTC www.atarimax.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Bart rents all Homer's favorite gorilla movies, including Gorilla Squadron, Gorilla Island VI, and Apes-A-Poppin' .

 .They are best described as omnivorous, their diet consisting of fruit, including grass seeds, and in most cases other animals, either hunted or scavenged, along with anything else available and easily digested.^ Like Smith's White Teeth , maybe this isn't the "best" of McCarthy's novels -- but it is his most accessible: Written less baroquely than some of his other works.

 ^ Other entries add to our understanding of mondo documentaries of the 1930s in which the hunting and dissecting of wild animals, including the gorilla, were as frequent as the unfamiliar and therefore astounding customs of indigenous peoples (lip-splitting, bug eating).
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ In the case of others of a different construction they evolved into nature spirits.

 .They are native to Africa and Asia, although humans have spread to all parts of the world.^ He plans to conquer Africa, then the world, because "humans have ruled Earth too long!"
  • Index to Comic Art Collection: "Ape" to "Apgudens" 31 January 2010 12:13 UTC comics.lib.msu.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Dolly the Sheep Primate Intelligence Primates are superior to all other animals and humans who find that they have similar characteristics as they do.
  • Apes - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ In fact, if the vibratory influence right for them is present they can manifest without any human being present at all.
Most nonhuman ape species are rare or endangered. The chief threat to most of the endangered species is loss of tropical rainforest habitat, though some populations are further imperiled by hunting for bushmeat.

Contents

Historical and modern terminology

."Ape", from Old English apa is possibly an onomatopoetic imitation of animal chatter.^ From the Renaissance, artists were symbolized as apes, after the animal’s cleverness at imitation, and they even devised singularities, ornaments and images and furniture that mischievously accepted and played with this identity.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 The term has a history of rather imprecise usage. .Its earliest meaning was a tailless (and therefore exceptionally human-like) non-human primate, but as zoological knowledge developed it became clear that taillessness occurred in a number of different and otherwise unrelated species.^ Sociopaths The Evolution of Primates Primate evolution has been a long process of natural selection that has produced the species of monkey, ape, and even human beings that we have today.
  • Ape - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ These primates are, in other words, as fully developed as characters as are Burroughs' human creations, interacting in Tarzan's life as fully, if not more fully, than do most humans he encounters in the novel.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The fascination of the novel is in the tension developed in and among the novel's characters, including Jennie, by her similarity to and difference from her human family and tutors.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.The original usage of "ape" in English might have referred to the baboon, an African monkey.^ In ancient Egypt, apes (long-tailed monkeys and especially caped baboons) were viewed with great respect; Nubian tribes had to provide them as tribute, and it was said ...
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 Two tailless species of macaque are commonly named as apes, the Barbary ape of North Africa (introduced into Gibraltar), Macaca sylvanus, and the Sulawesi black ape or Celebes crested macaque, M. nigra.
.Until a few decades ago, humans were thought to be distinctly set apart from the other apes (even from the other great apes), so much so that many people still do not think of the term "apes" to include humans at all.^ Libido Sumatra Orangutan: The Red Ape-Link to Humans One matter on which all anthropologists agree is that at some unknown date millions of years ago, apes diverged into two distinct evolutionary lines.
  • Apes - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Unlike all other serial adapters and products, APE can provide real HARDWARE FLOW CONTROL for your Atari.
  • THE ATARI PERIPHERAL EMULATOR USERS GUIDE 31 January 2010 12:13 UTC www.atarimax.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Question: "Do you think people will see them in great numbers like they see Flying Saucers?

 .However, it is not considered accurate by many biologists to think of apes in a biological sense without considering humans to be included.^ Self’s chimpanzee narrator in Great Apes (1997) comments that “Many writers have seen in the human [read ape] a paradigm for the gentler as well as the darker side of chimpanzee nature.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Without question, Burroughs' fiction remains essentially focused on the human, ascribing most of Tarzan's finer senses and impulses to his being human (and aristocratic!
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .February 2007" style="white-space:nowrap;">[citation needed] The terms "non-human apes" or "non-human great apes" is used with increasing frequency to show the monophyletic relationship of humans to the other apes while yet talking only about the non-human species.^ Only then human beings will become aware of their complacent egotism with regard to other animals’” (253).
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Regaining the relationship makes reading Great Apes an easier if not necessarily more comfortable experience.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ His choice may have been partially the result of emerging theories about the relatedness of the great apes to that other large primate, the human.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 [citation needed]
A group of apes may be referred to as a troop or a shrewdness.[3]

Biology

The gibbon family, Hylobatidae, is composed of fifteen medium-sized species. Their major distinction is their long arms, which they use to brachiate through the trees. As an evolutionary adaptation to this arboreal lifestyle, their wrists are ball and socket joints. The largest of the gibbons, the Siamang, weighs up to 14 kg (31 lb). .In comparison, the smallest great ape is the Common Chimpanzee at a modest 40 to 65 kg (88 to 143 lb).^ Self’s chimpanzee narrator in Great Apes (1997) comments that “Many writers have seen in the human [read ape] a paradigm for the gentler as well as the darker side of chimpanzee nature.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Peterson's conclusion is that this attitude exactly parallels "The fundamental paradox of our treatment of the great apes in general and of chimpanzees in particular" (223).
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.The great ape family was previously referred to as Pongidae, and humans (and fossil hominids) were omitted from it, but there is no biological case for doing this.^ There are no limitations (except as imposed by the DOS operating system) on registered users.
  • THE ATARI PERIPHERAL EMULATOR USERS GUIDE 31 January 2010 12:13 UTC www.atarimax.com [Source type: General]

 ^ His choice may have been partially the result of emerging theories about the relatedness of the great apes to that other large primate, the human.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Although recent critics have seen the character instead as an indigenous human victim of colonial power, there is now evidence that the effects of human encroachment on the Great Apes has much in common with the effects of colonial takeover on human primates.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .This definition is still used by many anthropologists and by lay people; however, it makes Pongidae paraphyletic, whereas most taxonomists nowadays encourage monophyletic groups.^ But too many people have seen them and the evidence is piling up to definitely prove this.

 ^ Bart has a dream where he uses a "Go-go Ray" to make people dance, and Mrs. Krabappel "can't...

 .Chimpanzees, gorillas, humans and orangutans are all more closely related to one another than any of these four genera are to the gibbons.^ Libido Sumatra Orangutan: The Red Ape-Link to Humans One matter on which all anthropologists agree is that at some unknown date millions of years ago, apes diverged into two distinct evolutionary lines.
  • Apes - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Psychologist Sumatra Orangutan: The Red Ape-Link to Humans One matter on which all anthropologists agree is that at some unknown date millions of years ago, apes diverged into two distinct evolutionary lines.
  • Ape - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ The latter is a case of Did Not Do The Research combined with Rule Of Funny , as gorillas, by and large, have much smaller penises than humans.
  • Everything's Better With Monkeys - Television Tropes & Idioms 10 January 2010 7:33 UTC tvtropes.org [Source type: General]

 .However, the term "hominid" is still used with the specific meaning of extinct animals more closely related to humans than the other great apes (for example, australopithecines), even though "hominin" is now correct in that usage.^ Sociopaths The Evolution of Primates Primate evolution has been a long process of natural selection that has produced the species of monkey, ape, and even human beings that we have today.
  • Ape - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Only then human beings will become aware of their complacent egotism with regard to other animals’” (253).
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Regaining the relationship makes reading Great Apes an easier if not necessarily more comfortable experience.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .It is now usual to use even finer divisions, such as subfamilies and tribes to distinguish which hominoids are being discussed.^ Are these beings even now evolving by stages into a higher consciousness?

 ^ Usually the mind will provide, in such a case, what seems like the only logical answer, even though what is seen does not fit the explanation at all.

 .Current evidence implies that humans share a common, extinct, ancestor with the chimpanzee line, from which we separated more recently than the gorilla line.^ Some of the toys are a few dollars more than some other on-line or retail stores but you have a good "free shipping" program which can make up for the difference.
  • Educational Baby Toys Gifts, Wooden Toys, Toddler Toys, Waldorf Dolls Toys, Pretend Play toys Preschoolers Children. Plan Toys, Melissa & Doug, Automoblox, Skuut Balance Bike. European toys Kathe Kruse, Haba, Grimm Spiel und Holz, Yellow Label Fair Trade Toys 31 January 2010 12:13 UTC www.ape2zebra.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Chimpanzee families have much in common with human ones—rivalrous siblings, loutish teen-agers and overwhelmed mothers, for example.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Although recent critics have seen the character instead as an indigenous human victim of colonial power, there is now evidence that the effects of human encroachment on the Great Apes has much in common with the effects of colonial takeover on human primates.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.Both great apes and lesser apes fall within Catarrhini, which also includes the Old World monkeys of Africa and Eurasia.^ Here I am, only four hundred years old, said the Monkey King, and Ive already reached the heights of greatness.
  • The Monkey King (Journey to the West, Chinese Epic Heroes) 10 January 2010 7:33 UTC www.aaronshep.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ In ancient Egypt, apes (long-tailed monkeys and especially caped baboons) were viewed with great respect; Nubian tribes had to provide them as tribute, and it was said ...
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Beagley Beagley and The Great Grape Ape The Super Friends ' Wonder Twins had a monkey named Gleek, effectively making Gleek, as Blip before him, the sidekick 's sidekick.
  • Everything's Better With Monkeys - Television Tropes & Idioms 10 January 2010 7:33 UTC tvtropes.org [Source type: General]

 .Within this group, both families of apes can be distinguished from these monkeys by the number of cusps on their molars (apes have five—the "Y-5" molar pattern, Old World monkeys have only four in a bilophodont pattern).^ In time, Hopkins does go ape and murders a couple of people, but only in defense of his new animal family.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ I am of the opinion that evolution is not only a law of the material world, but also the law of all the worlds we cannot perceive by the medium of our five senses.

 ^ A group of five prospectors rushed into Kelso to report that a group of great, ape-like creatures had attacked them in the middle of the night.

 .Apes have more mobile shoulder joints and arms due to the dorsal position of the scapula, broad ribcages that are flatter front-to-back, and a shorter, less mobile spine compared to Old World monkeys (with caudal vertebrae greatly reduced, resulting in tail loss in some species).^ Monkey King "Planet of the Apes" is a Sci-Fi Classic This article compares the original 1968 film against the 2001 version.
  • Apes - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Since 1993, the company has specialized in urban and hip hop fashions that include BAPE, BAPE Store, and BAPESCLUSIVE. By World Wide News Releases   |  Published 10/31/2007 More topics: A Bathing Ape .
  • Ape - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Some species of monkeys take promiscuity to a very high level.
  • Everything's Better With Monkeys - Television Tropes & Idioms 10 January 2010 7:33 UTC tvtropes.org [Source type: General]

 .These are all anatomical adaptations to vertical hanging and swinging locomotion (brachiation) in the apes, as well as better balance in a bipedal pose.^ Work after work reveals as well how the ape has been valued or devalued in human cultures and how those human ideas about apes have changed the history of all the great apes.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Apes The Top 9 DVD Box Sets These box sets are all a little different.
  • Apes - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 .All living members of the Hylobatidae and Hominidae are tailless, and humans can therefore accurately be referred to as bipedal apes.^ Maintained by Gary Niederhoff This list contains all references to anything simian (monkey, ape, gorilla, etc) up through season 20.
  • The Simpsons Archive: Apes-A-Poppin'! 10 January 2010 7:33 UTC www.snpp.com [Source type: Original source]

 .However, there are also primates in other families that lack tails, and at least one (the Pig-Tailed Langur) that has been known to walk significant distances bipedally.^ They're wrong, of course, but there's really no argument one way or the other.

 ^ One had a pistol, which still is in my family's possession, the others clutched their rifles.

 ^ In a post-Darwinian world, all stories are stories about apes told by other apes—or at least primates.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 The front skull is characterised by its sinuses, fusion of the frontal bone and post-orbital constriction.
.Although the hominoid fossil record is far from complete, and the evidence is often fragmentary, there is enough to give a good outline of the evolutionary history of humans.^ Although recent critics have seen the character instead as an indigenous human victim of colonial power, there is now evidence that the effects of human encroachment on the Great Apes has much in common with the effects of colonial takeover on human primates.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ When you and your band have cut your first record get in touch with me and if you are good enough maybe I will be your agent and introduce you to some powerful monkeys in the music industry.

 ^ There is a path, give up certainty but try to do good, and good will be done."
  • Monkey Narrator Quotes 10 January 2010 7:33 UTC www.monkeyheaven.com [Source type: Original source]

 .The time of the split between humans and living apes used to be thought to have occurred 15 to 20 million years ago, or even up to 30 or 40 million years ago.^ Sociopaths The Evolution of Primates Primate evolution has been a long process of natural selection that has produced the species of monkey, ape, and even human beings that we have today.
  • Ape - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Libido Sumatra Orangutan: The Red Ape-Link to Humans One matter on which all anthropologists agree is that at some unknown date millions of years ago, apes diverged into two distinct evolutionary lines.
  • Apes - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ They purchased about 20 of our Amazing Apes to use in the movie's spaceship laboratory scenes.
  • Ape Puppets Axtell Expressions | Chimpanzee Puppet, Orangutan Puppet, Gorilla Puppet | Latex Ape Puppets 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.axtell.com [Source type: General]

 .Some apes occurring within that time period, such as Ramapithecus, used to be considered as hominins, and possible ancestors of humans.^ Q: Can I use real hardware in combination with APE? A: APE can cooperate fully with your existing SIO hardware such as disk drives, cassette drives, etc.
  • THE ATARI PERIPHERAL EMULATOR USERS GUIDE 31 January 2010 12:13 UTC www.atarimax.com [Source type: General]

 ^ A possible scenario for the evolution of Humans, Bonobos and Chimpanzees from a common ancestor.
  • Apes - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ This is the default filespec that will be used for the PC-MIRROR each time APE starts.
  • THE ATARI PERIPHERAL EMULATOR USERS GUIDE 31 January 2010 12:13 UTC www.atarimax.com [Source type: General]

 .Later fossil finds indicated that Ramapithecus was more closely related to the orangutan, and new biochemical evidence indicated that the last common ancestor of humans and other hominins occurred between 5 and 10 million years ago, and probably in the lower end of that range.^ Libido Sumatra Orangutan: The Red Ape-Link to Humans One matter on which all anthropologists agree is that at some unknown date millions of years ago, apes diverged into two distinct evolutionary lines.
  • Apes - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Psychologist Sumatra Orangutan: The Red Ape-Link to Humans One matter on which all anthropologists agree is that at some unknown date millions of years ago, apes diverged into two distinct evolutionary lines.
  • Ape - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ The Genetic Case for Taxonomic Reclassification of Chimpanzees A growing body of scientific evidence increasingly refutes many of the common arguments for the placement of humans into a separate genus from any other living organism.
  • Apes - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

History of hominoid taxonomy

The history of hominoid taxonomy is somewhat confusing and complex. The names of subgroups have changed their meaning over time as new evidence, from fossil discoveries and comparisons of anatomy and DNA sequences, has changed understanding of the relationships between hominoids. .The story of the hominoid taxonomy is one of gradual demotion of humans from a special position in the taxonomy to being one branch among many.^ Sociopaths The Evolution of Primates Primate evolution has been a long process of natural selection that has produced the species of monkey, ape, and even human beings that we have today.
  • Ape - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Bigfoot Hoax The Evolution of Primates Primate evolution has been a long process of natural selection that has produced the species of monkey, ape, and even human beings that we have today.
  • Apes - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Actually, gorillas are one of the many species that practice this habit - you can find out more about why they do it here .

 It also illustrates the growing influence of cladistics (the science of classifying living things by strict descent) on taxonomy.
As of 2006, there are eight extant genera of hominoids. .They are the four great ape genera (Homo (humans), Pan (chimpanzees and bonobos), Gorilla, and Pongo (orangutans)), and the four genera of gibbons (Hylobates, Hoolock, Nomascus, and Symphalangus).^ A possible scenario for the evolution of Humans, Bonobos and Chimpanzees from a common ancestor.
  • Apes - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Gorilla Great Apes Face the Threat of Extinction primatology By Pratanu Banerjee   |  Published 8/11/2006 More topics: Apes .
  • Ape - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Apes New Species of Giant Ape Discovered in Africa Scientists have found what they believe to be a new species of primate in central Africa, these large Apes are 2 meters tall and have features of both chimpanzees and gorillas.
  • Ape - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]
  • Apes - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 [1] (The genus for the hoolock gibbons was recently changed from Bunopithecus to Hoolock.[4])
In 1758, Carolus Linnaeus, relying on second- or third-hand accounts, placed a second species in Homo along with H. sapiens: Homo troglodytes ("cave-dwelling man"). It is not clear to which animal this name refers, as Linnaeus had no specimen to refer to, hence no precise description. Linnaeus named the orangutan Simia satyrus ("satyr monkey"). He placed the three genera Homo, Simia and Lemur in the order of Primates.
The troglodytes name was used for the chimpanzee by Blumenbach in 1775 but moved to the genus Simia. The orangutan was moved to the genus Pongo in 1799 by Lacépède.
.Linnaeus's inclusion of humans in the primates with monkeys and apes was troubling for people who denied a close relationship between humans and the rest of the animal kingdom.^ Primates are the group of animals that include apes, lemurs, monkeys and humans.

 ^ Sociopaths The Evolution of Primates Primate evolution has been a long process of natural selection that has produced the species of monkey, ape, and even human beings that we have today.
  • Ape - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ In time, Hopkins does go ape and murders a couple of people, but only in defense of his new animal family.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 Linnaeus's Lutheran Archbishop had accused him of "impiety." In a letter to Johann Georg Gmelin dated 25 February 1747, Linnaeus wrote:
It is not pleasing to me that I must place humans among the primates, but man is intimately familiar with himself. Let's not quibble over words. It will be the same to me whatever name is applied. But I desperately seek from you and from the whole world a general difference between men and simians from the principles of Natural History. I certainly know of none. .If only someone might tell me one!^ Q. One of my sea monkys has a thread-like "tail" coming out his (it might be a her, I can't tell) rear.

 .If I called man a simian or vice versa I would bring together all the theologians against me.^ This is people from all over Southeast Michigan coming together and saying we're against terrorism.

 Perhaps I ought to, in accordance with the law of Natural History.[5]
Accordingly, Johann Friedrich Blumenbach in the first edition of his Manual of Natural History (1779), proposed that the primates be divided into the Quadrumana (four-handed, i.e. apes and monkeys) and Bimana (two-handed, i.e. humans). This distinction was taken up by other naturalists, most notably Georges Cuvier. Some elevated the distinction to the level of order.
.However, the many affinities between humans and other primates — and especially the great apes — made it clear that the distinction made no scientific sense.^ The Genetic Case for Taxonomic Reclassification of Chimpanzees A growing body of scientific evidence increasingly refutes many of the common arguments for the placement of humans into a separate genus from any other living organism.
  • Apes - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ A great show was being made of this exchange with the ape republic, and while the text of Poutifour’s speech spoke of it as representing an improvement in the relations between the two great powers, the clear subtext, thinly-veiled, was that the apes were fast losing the long-standing cold war, and that the elephants would assuredly be the ultimate victors.
  • Roberson's Interminable Ramble: "The Famous Ape" 31 January 2010 12:13 UTC www.chrisroberson.net [Source type: Original source]

 ^ In ancient Egypt, apes (long-tailed monkeys and especially caped baboons) were viewed with great respect; Nubian tribes had to provide them as tribute, and it was said ...
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 Charles Darwin wrote, in The Descent of Man:
The greater number of naturalists who have taken into consideration the whole structure of man, including his mental faculties, have followed Blumenbach and Cuvier, and have placed man in a separate Order, under the title of the Bimana, and therefore on an equality with the orders of the Quadrumana, Carnivora, etc. .Recently many of our best naturalists have recurred to the view first propounded by Linnaeus, so remarkable for his sagacity, and have placed man in the same Order with the Quadrumana, under the title of the Primates.^ Best of 2009: Music Health Care Reform The First Presidential Debate Live Blog more Recent blog posts .

 .The justice of this conclusion will be admitted: for in the first place, we must bear in mind the comparative insignificance for classification of the great development of the brain in man, and that the strongly-marked differences between the skulls of man and the Quadrumana (lately insisted upon by Bischoff, Aeby, and others) apparently follow from their differently developed brains.^ Otherwise, they must first pass before the other judges for punishment of various kinds of wrongdoing.
  • The Monkey King (Journey to the West, Chinese Epic Heroes) 10 January 2010 7:33 UTC www.aaronshep.com [Source type: Original source]

 .In the second place, we must remember that nearly all the other and more important differences between man and the Quadrumana are manifestly adaptive in their nature, and relate chiefly to the erect position of man; such as the structure of his hand, foot, and pelvis, the curvature of his spine, and the position of his head.^ In the case of others of a different construction they evolved into nature spirits.

 ^ The film’s animal sequences stress what has always been an essential component of the Tarzan stories--ultimate harmony between humans and animals, human and nature, without troubling relations of hierarchy and Otherness.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ And a different Gorilla Man, who has a human head and a gorilla's body.
  • Everything's Better With Monkeys - Television Tropes & Idioms 10 January 2010 7:33 UTC tvtropes.org [Source type: General]

 [6]

Changes in taxonomy

Until about 1960, the hominoids were usually divided into two families: humans and their extinct relatives in Hominidae, the other apes in Pongidae.[7]
Hominoid taxonomy 1.svg
The 1960s saw the application of techniques from molecular biology to primate taxonomy. .Goodman used his 1964 immunological study of serum proteins to propose a division of the hominoids into three families, with the non-human great apes in Pongidae and the lesser apes (gibbons) in Hylobatidae.^ A crazy biologist uses serum from carnivorous plants to turn his pet chimpanzee into a giant homicidal ape.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ In the ancient Mexican myth of periodic “ends of the world,” the second era or “sun,” the wind-sun, was ended by devastating tornadoes, and the humans of this era were transformed into apes.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ A group of five prospectors rushed into Kelso to report that a group of great, ape-like creatures had attacked them in the middle of the night.

 [8] The trichotomy of hominoid families, however, prompted scientists to ask which family speciated first from the common hominoid ancestor.
Hominoid taxonomy 2.svg
Within the superfamily Hominoidea, gibbons are the outgroup: this means that the rest of the hominoids are more closely related to each other than any of them are to gibbons. .This led to the placing of the other great apes into the family Hominidae along with humans, by demoting the Pongidae to a subfamily; the Hominidae family now contained the subfamilies Homininae and Ponginae.^ APE places itself into the background and launches a new copy of your command shell.
  • THE ATARI PERIPHERAL EMULATOR USERS GUIDE 31 January 2010 12:13 UTC www.atarimax.com [Source type: General]

 ^ His choice may have been partially the result of emerging theories about the relatedness of the great apes to that other large primate, the human.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Nicholas Howe includes fables among “other troubling works that cross adult distinctions between the comforting and the frightening, between the human and the animal”--works like Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels and Self’s Great Apes (645-646).
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Again, the three-way split in Ponginae led scientists to ask which of the three genera is least related to the others.^ On our excursions, he usually led the way and I followed a little behind the others.
Hominoid taxonomy 3.svg
.Investigation showed orangutans to be the outgroup, but comparing humans to all three other hominid genera showed that African apes (chimpanzees and gorillas) and humans are more closely related to each other than any of them are to orangutans.^ Monkeys are much more like other mammals than apes and humans are.

 ^ Psychologist Sumatra Orangutan: The Red Ape-Link to Humans One matter on which all anthropologists agree is that at some unknown date millions of years ago, apes diverged into two distinct evolutionary lines.
  • Ape - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ In the years since, more forward-thinking citizens of Gorilla City had evidently objected to this admittedly cruel treatment, and sought other solutions to the problem.
  • Roberson's Interminable Ramble: "The Famous Ape" 31 January 2010 12:13 UTC www.chrisroberson.net [Source type: Original source]

 This led to the placing of the African apes in the subfamily Homininae, forming another three-way split. This classification was first proposed by M. Goodman in 1974.[9]
Hominoid taxonomy 4.svg
.To try to resolve the hominine trichotomy, some authors proposed the division of the subfamily Homininae into the tribes Gorillini (African apes) and Hominini (humans).^ Psychologist Sumatra Orangutan: The Red Ape-Link to Humans One matter on which all anthropologists agree is that at some unknown date millions of years ago, apes diverged into two distinct evolutionary lines.
  • Ape - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Fables tended to stigmatize apes for trying to imitate human beings, while legends sometimes made them degenerate people.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ In the ancient Mexican myth of periodic “ends of the world,” the second era or “sun,” the wind-sun, was ended by devastating tornadoes, and the humans of this era were transformed into apes.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Hominoid taxonomy 5.svg
However, DNA comparisons provide convincing evidence that within the subfamily Homininae, gorillas are the outgroup. .This suggests that chimpanzees should be in Hominini along with humans.^ This may be Brin's way of suggesting some of the problems to be faced should chimpanzees, orangutans, and gorillas be acknowledged as the equals of humans in our own time.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 This classification was first proposed (though one rank lower) by M. Goodman et al. in 1990..[2] See Human evolutionary genetics for more information on the speciation of humans and great apes.^ Regaining the relationship makes reading Great Apes an easier if not necessarily more comfortable experience.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ In general they possess a very stout physical frame, but looked more like a giant human than an ape."

 ^ For more on Brin's concept of Uplift and its effects on the great apes, see the other novels of the series: Startide Rising (1983), The Uplift War (1987), Brightness Reef (1995), Infinity's Shore (1996), and Heaven's Reach (1998).
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Hominoid taxonomy 6.svg
Later DNA comparisons split the gibbon genus Hylobates into four genera: Hylobates, Hoolock, Nomascus, and Symphalangus.[1][4]
Hominoid taxonomy 7.svg

Classification and evolution

As discussed above, hominoid taxonomy has undergone several changes. .Genetic analysis shows that apes diverged from the Old World monkeys between 29 million and 34.5 million years ago.^ Libido Sumatra Orangutan: The Red Ape-Link to Humans One matter on which all anthropologists agree is that at some unknown date millions of years ago, apes diverged into two distinct evolutionary lines.
  • Apes - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Here I am, only four hundred years old, said the Monkey King, and Ive already reached the heights of greatness.
  • The Monkey King (Journey to the West, Chinese Epic Heroes) 10 January 2010 7:33 UTC www.aaronshep.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Apes and Monkeys Some of the physical and mental differences between Apes and Monkey are listed By Steve Challis   |  Published 3/9/2009 More topics: Apes .
  • Apes - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]

 [10] The lesser and greater apes split about 18 mya, and the hominid splits happened 14 mya (Pongo), 7 mya (Gorilla), and 3-5 mya (Homo & Pan).[citation needed]
Listed are the families and genera of apes; also listed are the extant species.

Behaviour and cognition

.Although there had been earlier studies, the scientific investigation of behaviour and cognition in non-human apes expanded enormously during the latter half of the twentieth century.^ Although recent critics have seen the character instead as an indigenous human victim of colonial power, there is now evidence that the effects of human encroachment on the Great Apes has much in common with the effects of colonial takeover on human primates.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Ape and Essence , however, is an even more forceful, more sardonic condemnation of human weakness and stupidity than the two earlier works.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Major studies of behaviour in the field were completed on the three better-known great apes, for example by Jane Goodall, Dian Fossey and Birute Galdikas (field work on gibbons and the Bonobo is still relatively underdeveloped).^ Busner’s therapy to reawaken Simon Dykes’ chimpunity includes gathering together all “the works of theoretical anthropology, field studies, fictional works....films, television documentaries, still photographs” that examine the human--all reversals of works depicting the chimpanzee or other great ape from Edward Topsell’s 1699 anatomy to Jane Goodall to all four of the Planet of the Apes videos and relevant websites, all obviously sources Self himself utilized in researching his subject to establish the verisimilitude essential to his satire and theme.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Genetically enhanced Chimps and Gorillas appear as major characters in this novel dedicated to Jane Goodall, Sarah Hrdy, and Dian Fossey.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Work after work reveals as well how the ape has been valued or devalued in human cultures and how those human ideas about apes have changed the history of all the great apes.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .These studies have shown that in their natural environments, the different apes show sharply varying social structure: gibbons are monogamous, territorial pair-bonders, orangutans are solitary, gorillas live in small troops with a single adult male leader, while chimpanzees live in larger troops with Bonobos exhibiting promiscuous sexual behaviour.^ The ape is put in a cage to be studied by scientists for the rest of his "natural life."
  • Index to Comic Art Collection: "Ape" to "Apgudens" 31 January 2010 12:13 UTC comics.lib.msu.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Showing himself the true son of Tarzan, he becomes Korak which, in the language of the apes (a tongue for which the boy has a natural apptitude), means Killer.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Self’s chimpanzee narrator in Great Apes (1997) comments that “Many writers have seen in the human [read ape] a paradigm for the gentler as well as the darker side of chimpanzee nature.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Their diets also vary; gorillas are foliovores while the others are all primarily frugivores, although the Common Chimpanzee does some hunting for meat.^ Although the novel contains some inaccuracies about chimpanzee behavior, it is clearly based on close observation both in the wild and in captivity.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ This may be Brin's way of suggesting some of the problems to be faced should chimpanzees, orangutans, and gorillas be acknowledged as the equals of humans in our own time.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 Foraging behaviour is correspondingly variable.
.All the apes are generally thought of as highly intelligent, and scientific study has broadly confirmed that they perform outstandingly well on a wide range of cognitive tests - though again there is relatively little data on gibbon cognition.^ REMOTE.COM now included free with APE. Included on both APE_F32G.ATR and APE_WARP.ATR Allows user to perform all APE functions from the Atari keyboard.
  • THE ATARI PERIPHERAL EMULATOR USERS GUIDE 31 January 2010 12:13 UTC www.atarimax.com [Source type: General]

 ^ In general they possess a very stout physical frame, but looked more like a giant human than an ape."

 ^ APE can redirect the P: printer output of all Atari applications and send it directly to your PC Printer, or even to a file on your PC! APE also is capable of performing translations of this data on the fly to match the exact specifications of your PC printer!
  • THE ATARI PERIPHERAL EMULATOR USERS GUIDE 31 January 2010 12:13 UTC www.atarimax.com [Source type: General]

 The early studies by Wolfgang Köhler demonstrated exceptional problem-solving abilities in chimpanzees, which Köhler attributed to insight. .The use of tools has been repeatedly demonstrated; more recently, the manufacture of tools has been documented, both in the wild and in laboratory tests.^ Biomedical researchers set up breeding colonies of chimps, many of them former laboratory residents, on isolated islands, with the idea that experiments could be conducted more-or-less where the chimps were, cutting both costs and the impact of research use on the species.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Imitation is much more easily demonstrated in great apes than in other primate species.^ Regaining the relationship makes reading Great Apes an easier if not necessarily more comfortable experience.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ And MUCH MORE! Read on to discover all the powerful features of APE. .
  • THE ATARI PERIPHERAL EMULATOR USERS GUIDE 31 January 2010 12:13 UTC www.atarimax.com [Source type: General]

 ^ His choice may have been partially the result of emerging theories about the relatedness of the great apes to that other large primate, the human.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Almost all the studies in animal language acquisition have been completed with great apes, and though there is continuing dispute as to whether they demonstrate real language abilities, there is no doubt that they involve significant feats of learning.^ Though they sensed he "was longing for something" and that it might be "his motherland," his keepers don't really understand his despair.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ APE takes the information from your PC files and makes your atari THINK they are on a real atari disk!
  • THE ATARI PERIPHERAL EMULATOR USERS GUIDE 31 January 2010 12:13 UTC www.atarimax.com [Source type: General]

 ^ To learn of higher things of life there must be a shaking of concepts, Man can then rise to a higher consciousness which is really his natural state.

 Chimpanzees in different parts of Africa have developed tools that are used in food acquisition, demonstrating a form of animal culture.[11]

Cultural aspects of non-human apes

.Often, non-human apes are said to be the result of a curse—a Jewish folktale claims that one of the races who built the Tower of Babel became apes as punishment, while Muslim lore says that the Jews of Eilat became non-human apes as punishment for fishing on the Sabbath.^ His choice may have been partially the result of emerging theories about the relatedness of the great apes to that other large primate, the human.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The killer apes from Michael Crichton's Congo , trained to crush the heads of humans who approached the lost city.
  • Everything's Better With Monkeys - Television Tropes & Idioms 10 January 2010 7:33 UTC tvtropes.org [Source type: General]

 ^ As a result "the apes are humanized to such an exaggerated and surprising degree that they become central characters in what would otherwise be purely human drama."
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Some sects of Christianity have folklore that claims that these apes are a symbol of lust and were created by Satan in response to God's creation of humans.^ It, not the natural world, is the “factory for the manufacture of suffering” which Andrea Burden claims God, like most behavioral scientists a bit “slow on the uptake,” had created.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ These primates are, in other words, as fully developed as characters as are Burroughs' human creations, interacting in Tarzan's life as fully, if not more fully, than do most humans he encounters in the novel.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 [citation needed] It is uncertain whether any of these references are to any specific apes. .All of these concepts date from a period when neither the distinction between apes and monkeys, nor the fact that humans are apes, was widely understood, or understood at all.^ Professional Wrestling Chikara Pro Wrestling has a wrestler named U.S.Ape, who's your standard All American Face in a monkey suit.
  • Everything's Better With Monkeys - Television Tropes & Idioms 10 January 2010 7:33 UTC tvtropes.org [Source type: General]

 ^ In the ancient Mexican myth of periodic “ends of the world,” the second era or “sun,” the wind-sun, was ended by devastating tornadoes, and the humans of this era were transformed into apes.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ In all, nineteen distinct Ape cards have been printed to date (most recently four reprints in the ninth edition of the main set)...not counting those which simply have all creature types.
  • Everything's Better With Monkeys - Television Tropes & Idioms 10 January 2010 7:33 UTC tvtropes.org [Source type: General]

See also

Mammals portal

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Groves, C. (2005). Wilson, D. E., & Reeder, D. M. ed. Mammal Species of the World (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 178-184. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3. 
  2. ^ a b M. Goodman, D. A. Tagle, D. H. Fitch, W. Bailey, J. Czelusniak, B. F. Koop, P. Benson, J. L. Slightom (1990). "Primate evolution at the DNA level and a classification of hominoids". Journal of Molecular Evolution 30: 260–266. doi:10.1007/BF02099995. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2109087&dopt=Abstract. 
  3. ^ http://www.hintsandthings.co.uk/kennel/collectives.htm
  4. ^ a b Mootnick, A.; Groves, C. P. (2005). "A new generic name for the hoolock gibbon (Hylobatidae)". International Journal of Primatology 26 (26): 971–976. doi:10.1007/s10764-005-5332-4. 
  5. ^ "Letter, Carl Linnaeus to Johann Georg Gmelin. Uppsala, Sweden, 25 February 1747". Swedish Linnaean Society. http://linnaeus.c18.net/Letters/display_txt.php?id_letter=L0783. 
  6. ^ Charles Darwin (1871). The Descent of Man. 
  7. ^ G. G. Simpson (1945). "The principles of classification and a classification of mammals". Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 85: 1–350. 
  8. ^ M. Goodman (1964). "Man’s place in the phylogeny of the primates as reflected in serum proteins". in S. L. Washburn. Classification and human evolution. Aldine, Chicago. pp. 204–234. 
  9. ^ M. Goodman (1974). "Biochemical Evidence on Hominid Phylogeny". Annual Review of Anthropology 3: 203–228. doi:10.1146/annurev.an.03.100174.001223. 
  10. ^ http://www.redorbit.com/news/science/117352/apes_monkeys_split_earlier_than_fossils_had_indicated/
  11. ^ William McGrew (1992). Chimpanzee material culture: implications for human evolution. 

External links

.
  • Declaration on Great Apes at the Great Ape Project
  • Chimp Haven, The National Chimpanzee Sanctuary (ChimpHaven.org)
  • Hominoid systematics: The soft evidence by David Pilbeam Entrez Pubmed 10995486.^ The chimps, both born in London Zoo, had their chance to return to the wild in 1975 through the efforts of Stella Brewer at the Gambian Chimpanzee Rehabilitation Project.
    • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     ^ But these primates belong to an Aristotelian zoology, closed before the opening of Africa…, lacking any reference to the humanoid great apes of that continent: the chimpanzees, bonobos (sometimes called pygmy chimps), and gorillas.
    • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     ^ Peterson's conclusion is that this attitude exactly parallels "The fundamental paradox of our treatment of the great apes in general and of chimpanzees in particular" (223).
    • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     Agreement between cladograms based on molecular and anatomical data.
Ape-related articles
Ape study Human and gorilla skeleton
Legal and social status
See also

1911 encyclopedia

Up to date as of January 14, 2010

From LoveToKnow 1911

APE (Old Eng. apa; Dutch aap; Old Ger. .affo; Welsh epa; Old Bohemian op; a word of uncertain origin, possibly an imitation of the animal's chatter), the generic English name, till the 16th century, for animals of the monkey tribe, and still used specifically for the tailless, manlike representatives of the order Primates.^ Monkey searched till he found his name.
  • The Monkey King (Journey to the West, Chinese Epic Heroes) 10 January 2010 7:33 UTC www.aaronshep.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ In an old clip, Krusty asks about the animal sitting on his head: "why do they call it a 'urine monkey'...?"

 ^ The reason for this is such: the new Sea Monkeys need all of the oxygen that they can get and the old Sea Monkeys may use some of that wonderful O2 for their own needs.

 .The word is now generally a synonym for "monkey," but the common verb for both (as transferred figuratively to human beings) is "to ape," i.e. to imitate.^ Now the twelve Thunder Generals surrounded Monkey and attacked him with their battle-axes, swords, lances, halberds, maces, and scimitars.
  • The Monkey King (Journey to the West, Chinese Epic Heroes) 10 January 2010 7:33 UTC www.aaronshep.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Primates are the group of animals that include apes, lemurs, monkeys and humans.

 ^ Although recent critics have seen the character instead as an indigenous human victim of colonial power, there is now evidence that the effects of human encroachment on the Great Apes has much in common with the effects of colonial takeover on human primates.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]


Wiktionary

Up to date as of January 14, 2010

Definition from Wiktionary, a free dictionary

See also ape

Contents

Italian

Etymology

From ape, bee in imitation of its sound (See also Vespa)

Pronunciation

  • [ˈapɛ]

Proper noun

Ape f. (plural Api)
  1. a tricycle scooter with a cab for the driver and a pickup truck body over the rear wheels; used as a light delivery van and for small-scale agricultural tasks

See also


Bible wiki

Up to date as of January 23, 2010

From BibleWiki

an animal of the monkey tribe (1 Kg 10:22; 2Chr 9:21). .It was brought from India by the fleets of Solomon and Hiram, and was called by the Hebrews koph, and by the Greeks kepos, both words being just the Indian Tamil name of the monkey, kapi, i.e., swift, nimble, active.^ In Japan the three monkeys are also explained by the homonym of the word saru, which means both “monkey” and “not do,” thus symbolizing conscious abstinence from evil.
  • Apes of theImagination:A Bibliography. 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.h-net.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The monkey god Hanuman was named chairman of an Indian business school.
  • Everything's Better With Monkeys - Television Tropes & Idioms 10 January 2010 7:33 UTC tvtropes.org [Source type: General]

 ^ There was also Josh Mankey, a character that Ron formed a Conspiracy Theory around, based on his last name being one vowel away from "monkey".
  • Everything's Better With Monkeys - Television Tropes & Idioms 10 January 2010 7:33 UTC tvtropes.org [Source type: General]

 .No species of ape has ever been found in Palestine or the adjacent regions.^ No special software or patch is required to use APE+ Ultraspeed.
  • THE ATARI PERIPHERAL EMULATOR USERS GUIDE 31 January 2010 12:13 UTC www.atarimax.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Bigfoot Found Interesting Facts About Orangutans Orangutans are one of the four great ape species.
  • Ape - Associated Content - Topic - associatedcontent.com 10 September 2009 21:39 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]
This entry includes text from Easton's Bible Dictionary, 1897.
what mentions this? (please help by turning references to this page into wiki links)

Simple English

This article is about nonhuman hominoids, for hominoids including humans, see hominoid
Apes[1]
Fossil range: Late Oligocene - Recent
File:Weisshandgibbon tierpark
Lar Gibbon (Hylobates lar)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Suborder: Haplorrhini
Parvorder: Catarrhini
Superfamily: Hominoidea
Gray, 1825
Families

Hylobatidae
Hominidae
†Proconsulidae
†Dryopithecidae
†Oreopithecidae

Ape is a term that most commonly refers to nonhuman hominoids, though biologists use the word to include humans.

References

  1. ↑ Groves, Colin (16 November 2005). Wilson, D. E., and Reeder, D. M. (eds). ed. Mammal Species of the World (3rd edition ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 178-184. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3. 

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Up to date as of December 18, 2010

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