From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

April 19 is the 109th day of the year (110th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 256 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 1012 – Martyrdom of Alphege in Greenwich, London.
• 1529 – At the Second Diet of Speyer, a group of rulers (German: Fürst) and independent cities (German: Reichsstadt) protests the reinstatement of the Edict of Worms, beginning the Protestant Reformation.
• 1587 – Francis Drake sinks the Spanish fleet in Cádiz harbor.
• 1713 – With no living male heirs, Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, issues the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 to ensure that Habsburg lands and the Austrian throne would be inherited by his daughter, Maria Theresa of Austria (not actually born until 1717).
• 1770 – Captain James Cook sights Australia.
• 1770 – Marie Antoinette marries Louis XVI by Proxy marriage.
• 1775 – American Revolutionary War: The war begins at the Battle of Lexington and Concord.
• 1782 – John Adams secures the Dutch Republic's recognition of the United States as an independent government. The house which he had purchased in The Hague, Netherlands becomes the first American embassy.
• 1809 – An Austrian corps is defeated by the forces of the Duchy of Warsaw in the Battle of Raszyn, part of the struggles of the Fifth Coalition. On the same day the Austrian main army is defeated by a First French Empire Corps led by Louis-Nicolas Davout at the Battle of Teugen-Hausen in Bavaria; part of a four day campaign which ended in a French victory.
• 1810 – Venezuela achieves home rule: Vicente Emparan, Governor of the Captaincy General is removed by the people of Caracas and a Junta is installed.
• 1839 – The Treaty of London establishes Belgium as a kingdom.
• 1847 – New portico at British Museum opened
• 1855 – Visit of Napoleon III to Guildhall, London
• 1861 – American Civil War: Baltimore riot of 1861, a pro-Secession mob in Baltimore, Maryland, attacks United States Army troops marching through the city.
• 1892 – Charles Duryea claims to have driven the first automobile in the United States, in Springfield, Massachusetts.
• 1919 – Leslie Irvin of the United States makes the first successful voluntary free-fall parachute jump using a new kind of self-contained parachute.
• 1927 – Mae West is sentenced to 10 days in jail for obscenity for her play Sex.
• 1928 – The 125th and final fascicle of the Oxford English Dictionary is published.
• 1936 – First day of the Great Uprising in Palestine.
• 1942 – World War II: In Poland, the Majdan-Tatarski ghetto is established, situated between the Lublin Ghetto and a Majdanek subcamp.
• 1943 – World War II: In Poland, German troops enter the Warsaw ghetto to round up the remaining Jews, beginning the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.
• 1943 – Bicycle Day – Swiss chemist Dr. Albert Hofmann deliberately takes LSD for the first time.
• 1945 – The diplomatic relations between the Soviet Union and Guatemala are established.
• 1948 – Burma (now Myanmar) joins the United Nations.
• 1950 – Argentina becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
• 1951 – General Douglas MacArthur retires from the military.
• 1954 – Constituent Assembly of Pakistan decides Urdu and Bengali to be national languages of Pakistan.
• 1955 – The German automaker Volkswagen, after six years of selling cars in the United States, founds Volkswagen of America in Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey to standardize its dealer and service network.
• 1956 – Actress Grace Kelly marries Rainier III of Monaco.
• 1960 – Students in South Korea hold a nationwide pro-democracy protest against their president Syngman Rhee, eventually forcing him to resign.
• 1961 – The Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba ends in success for the defenders.
• 1971 – Sierra Leone becomes a republic, and Siaka Stevens the president.
• 1971 – Vietnam War: Vietnam Veterans Against the War begin a five-day demonstration in Washington, DC.
• 1971 – Launch of Salyut 1, the first space station.
• 1971 – Charles Manson is sentenced to death for the Sharon Tate murders.
• 1975 – India's first satellite Aryabhata is launched.
• 1984 – Advance Australia Fair is proclaimed as Australia's national anthem, and green and gold as the national colours.
• 1985 – U.S.S.R performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalatinsk U.S.S.R.

Heavy smoke pours from USS Iowa’s #2 Turret following an internal explosion

• 1987 – The Simpsons premieres as a short cartoon on The Tracey Ullman Show
• 1989 – A gun turret explodes on the USS Iowa, killing 47 sailors.
• 1993 – The 51-day siege of the Branch Davidian building outside Waco, Texas, USA, ends when a fire breaks out. Eighty-one people die.
• 1993 – South Dakota governor George Mickelson and seven others are killed when a state-owned aircraft crashed in Iowa.
• 1995 – Oklahoma City bombing: The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA, is bombed, killing 168. That same day convicted murderer Richard Wayne Snell, who had ties to bombing suspect Timothy McVeigh, is executed in Arkansas.
• 1999 – The German Bundestag returns to Berlin.
• 2005 – Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger elected Pope Benedict XVI on the second day of the Papal conclave.
• 2008 – Bowie Seamount on the coast of British Columbia, Canada becomes a Marine Protected Area.

Births

• 1603 – Michel le Tellier, French statesman (d. 1685)
• 1658 – Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine (d. 1716)
• 1665 – Jacques Lelong, French bibliographer (d. 1721)
• 1686 – Vasily Tatishchev, Russian statesman (d. 1750)
• 1721 – Roger Sherman, signer of the U.S. Declaration of Independence (d. 1793)
• 1772 – David Ricardo, English political economist
• 1785 – Alexandre Pierre François Boëly, French composer (d. 1858)
• 1787 – Deaf Smith, American frontiersman and revolutionary (d. 1837)
• 1793 – Emperor Ferdinand I of Austria (d. 1875)
• 1814 – Louis Amédée Achard, French novelist (d. 1875)
• 1832 – José Echegaray y Eizaguirre, Spanish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1916)
• 1874 – Ernst Rüdin, Swiss psychiatrist, geneticist, and eugenicist (d. 1952)
• 1877 – Ole Evinrude, Norwegian-American inventor (d. 1934)
• 1882 – Getúlio Vargas, President of Brazil (d. 1954)
• 1883 – Richard von Mises, Austrian-born mathematician (d. 1953)
• 1889 – Otto Georg Thierack, German jurist and politician (d. 1946)
• 1892 – Germaine Tailleferre, French composer (d. 1983)
• 1897 – Jiroemon Kimura, Japanese supercentenarian
• 1897 – Peter de Noronha, Indian businessman and philanthropist (d. 1970)
• 1897 – Constance Talmadge, American actress (d. 1973)
• 1899 – George O'Brien, American actor (d. 1985)
• 1900 – Richard Hughes, English novelist (d. 1976)
• 1900 – Roland Michener, Governor General of Canada (d. 1991)
• 1903 – Eliot Ness, American lawman (d. 1957)
• 1912 – Glenn Seaborg, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
• 1921 – Anna Lee Aldred, American first licenced female jockey (d. 2006)
• 1922 – Erich Hartmann, German fighter pilot (d. 1993)
• 1925 – Hugh O'Brian, American actor
• 1928 – Alexis Korner, English musician (d. 1984)
• 1930 – Dick Sargent, American actor (d. 1994)
• 1931 – Garfield Morgan, English actor
• 1931 – Walter Stewart, Canadian journalist (d. 2004)
• 1932 – Fernando Botero, Colombian artist
• 1933 – Dickie Bird, English cricket umpire
• 1933 – Jayne Mansfield, American actress (d. 1967)
• 1934 – Dickie Goodman, American producer of novelty songs (d. 1989)
• 1935 – Dudley Moore, English actor, comedian and composer (d. 2002)
• 1935 – Justin Rigali, American Roman Catholic cardinal
• 1936 – Wilfried Martens, Prime Minister of Belgium
• 1937 – Elinor Donahue, American actress
• 1937 – Joseph Estrada, actor and 13^th President of the Philippines
• 1940 – Dougal Haston, Scottish mountaineer (d. 1977)
• 1940 – Genya Ravan, American vocalist (Goldie & the Gingerbreads, Ten Wheel Drive)
• 1941 – Roberto Carlos, Brazilian singer
• 1941 – Bobby Russell, American songwriter (d. 1992)
• 1941 – Alan Price, English musician (The Animals, The Alan Price Set)
• 1942 – Bas Jan Ader, Dutch artist (disappeared 1975)
• 1942 – Jack Roush, American racing entrepreneur
• 1943 – Eve Graham, Scottish singer (The New Seekers)
• 1944 – James Heckman, American economist, Bank of Sweden Prize
• 1944 – Bernie Worrell, American keyboardist (P Funk)
• 1944 – Keith Erickson, American basketball player
• 1946 – Tim Curry, British actor
• 1946 – Mary Jo Slater, American casting director
• 1947 – Murray Perahia, American pianist
• 1947 – Mark Volman, American musician (The Turtles, The Mothers Of Invention)
• 1948 – Rick Miller, American baseball player
• 1949 – Paloma Picasso daughter of artist Pablo Picasso
• 1949 – Larry Walters, American "lawn chair" pilot (d. 1993)
• 1951 – Barry Brown, American actor and writer (d. 1978)
• 1951 – Jóannes Eidesgaard, Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands
• 1952 – Alexis Arguello, Nicaraguan boxer (d. 2009)
• 1953 – Rod Morgenstein, American musician (Winger)
• 1953 – Ruby Wax, British television personality
• 1954 – Trevor Francis, English footballer
• 1954 – Bob Rock, Canadian record producer & musician (The Payolas)
• 1957 – Mukesh Ambani, Indian businessman
• 1957 – Tony Martin, English musician
• 1959 – Donald Markwell, Australian educator, Warden of Rhodes House, Oxford
• 1960 – Roger Merrett, Australian footballer
• 1960 – John Schweitz, American basketball player and coach
• 1960 – Frank Viola, American baseball player
• 1961 – Spike Owen, American baseball player
• 1962 – Al Unser, Jr., American race car driver
• 1963 – Valerie Plame Wilson, American former C.I.A. agent
• 1964 – Gordon Marshall, Scottish footballer
• 1965 – Natalie Dessay, French soprano
• 1965 – Suge Knight, American record producer
• 1966 – Véronique Gens, French soprano
• 1966 – Julia Neigel, German singer, songwriter, producer, author and entertainer
• 1966 – David La Haye, Canadian actor
• 1966 – Osamu Matsuda, Japanese professional wrestler
• 1967 – Steven H Silver, American science fiction editor
• 1967 – Dar Williams, American musician and songwriter
• 1968 – Ashley Judd, American actress
• 1968 – Craig McNeil, American writer, lawyer, and military officer
• 1968 – Mswati III, King of Swaziland
• 1968 – Pascal Kleiman, Spanish DJ, producer, musician
• 1968 – Arshad Warsi, Indian actor
• 1969 – Jesse James, American television personality and motorcycle builder
• 1969 – Susan Polgar, Hungarian-born American chess player
• 1969 – Andrew Carnie, Linguistics Professor at the University of Arizona
• 1970 – Kelly Holmes, English athlete
• 1970 – Luis Miguel, Mexican pop-singer
• 1972 – Rivaldo, Brazilian footballer
• 1972 – Jeff Wilkins, American football player
• 1974 – Akara Amarttayakul, Thai actor
• 1975 – Jason Gillespie, Australian cricketer
• 1975 – Jussi Jääskeläinen, Finnish footballer
• 1976 – Ruud Jolie, Dutch guitarist (Within Temptation)
• 1976 – Scott Padgett, American basketball player
• 1977 – Joe Beimel, American baseball player
• 1977 – Lucien Mettomo, Cameroonian footballer
• 1977 – Dennys Reyes, Mexican baseball player
• 1978 – James Franco, American actor
• 1978 – Gabriel Heinze, Argentinian footballer
• 1978 – Amanda Sage, American born visionary artist
• 1979 – Kate Hudson, American actress
• 1980 – Alexis Thorpe, American actress
• 1981 – Hayden Christensen, Canadian actor
• 1981 – Martin Havlat, Czech hockey player
• 1981 – Troy Polamalu, American football player
• 1981 – Catalina Sandino Moreno, Colombian actress
• 1983 – Alberto Callaspo, Venezuelan baseball player
• 1983 – Zack Duke, American baseball player
• 1983 – Joe Mauer, American baseball player
• 1983 – Curtis Thigpen, American baseball player
• 1984 – Lee Da Hae, South Korean actress
• 1985 – Valon Behrami, Swiss Footballer
• 1986 – Candace Parker, American basketball player
• 1987 – Joe Hart, English Under-21 footballer
• 1987 – Maria Sharapova, Professional Tennis Player
• 1987 – Oksana Akinshina, Russian actress
• 1987 – Courtland Mead, American actor
• 1989 – Fiona MacGillivray, Canadian vocalist (The Cottars)
• 1990 – Kim Chiu, Filipino actress

Deaths

• 1012 – Alphege, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 954)
• 1054 – Pope Leo IX (b. 1002)
• 1390 – King Robert II of Scotland (b. 1316)
• 1560 – Philipp Melanchthon, German humanist and reformer (b. 1497)
• 1567 – Michael Stifel, German mathematician (b. 1487)
• 1578 – Uesugi Kenshin, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1530)
• 1588 – Paolo Veronese, Italian painter (b. 1528)
• 1608 – Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset, English statesman and poet (b. 1536)
• 1618 – Thomas Bastard, clergyman and epigrammatist
• 1627 – John Beaumont, English poet (b. 1583)
• 1629 – Sigismondo d'India, Italian composer
• 1684 – Roger Williams, English theologian and colonist (b. 1603)
• 1686 – Antonio de Solís y Ribadeneyra, Spanish writer (b. 1610)
• 1689 – Queen Christina of Sweden (b. 1626)
• 1733 – Elizabeth Villiers, mistress of William III of England
• 1739 – Nicholas Saunderson, English mathematician (b. 1682)
• 1751 – Peter Lacy, Irish-born Russian Field marshal (b. 1678)
• 1768 – Canaletto, Italian artist (b. 1697)
• 1791 – Richard Price, Welsh philosopher (b. 1723)
• 1813 – Benjamin Rush, physician, activist (b. 1745)
• 1824 – George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron, English poet (b. 1788)
• 1831 – Johann Gottlieb Friedrich von Bohnenberger, German mathematician (b. 1765)
• 1840 – Jean-Jacques Lartigue, Roman Catholic bishop of Montreal (b. 1777)
• 1854 – Robert Jameson, Scottish naturalist (b. 1774)
• 1881 – Benjamin Disraeli, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1804)
• 1882 – Charles Darwin, English biologist (b. 1809)
• 1892 – Fr. Thomas Dale SSC, Anglican clergyman prosecuted for Ritualist practices in the 1870s (b. 1821)
• 1901 – Alfred Horatio Belo, American newswriter and businessman (b. 1839)
• 1906 – Pierre Curie, French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)
• 1906 – Spencer Gore, British tennis player and cricketer (b. 1850)
• 1914 – Charles Sanders Peirce, American philosopher and mathematician (b. 1839)
• 1916 – Ephraim Shay, American inventor (b. 1839)
• 1926 – Alexander Alexandrovich Chuprov, Russian statistician (b. 1874)
• 1930 – Georges-Casimir Dessaulles, Canadian senator (b. 1827)
• 1937 – William Martin Conway, British art critic and mountaineer (b. 1856)
• 1941 – Johanna Müller-Hermann, Austrian composer and pedagogue (b. 1878)
• 1949 – Ulrich Salchow, Swedish figure skater (b. 1877)
• 1950 – Ernst Robert Curtius, Alsatian philologist (b. 1886)
• 1966 – Javier Solis, Mexican singer (b. 1931)
• 1967 – Konrad Adenauer, German statesman (b. 1876)
• 1988 – Kwon Ki-ok, first Korean female pilot (b. 1901)
• 1989 – Daphne du Maurier, British novelist (b. 1907)
• 1991 – Stanley Hawes, British-born Australian film producer, director and administrator (b. 1905)
• 1992 – Frankie Howerd, English comedian (b. 1917)
• 1992 – Benny Hill, English comic actor (b. 1924)
• 1993 – David Koresh, leader of Branch Davidians (b. 1959)
• 1993 – George S. Mickelson, American politician (b. 1941)
• 1997 – El Duce, American singer and drummer (The Mentors) (b. 1958)
• 1998 – Octavio Paz, Mexican diplomat and writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1914)
• 1999 – David Sanes, US Navy employee (b. 1954)
• 1999 – Hermine Braunsteiner, Nazi war criminal (b. 1919)
• 2000 – Louis Applebaum, Canadian conductor and composer (b. 1918)
• 2002 – Layne Staley, American musician, Alice in Chains (b. 1967)
• 2004 – Norris McWhirter, Scottish co-founder of the Guinness Book of Records (b. 1925)
• 2004 – John Maynard Smith, English biologist (b. 1920)
• 2005 – Ruth Hussey, American actress (b. 1911)
• 2005 – Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen, Danish jazz bassist (b. 1946)
• 2005 – George Pan Cosmatos, Greek film director (b. 1941)
• 2005 – Clement Meadmore, Australian sculptor (b. 1929)
• 2006 – Scott Crossfield, American pilot, first man to fly at Mach 2 (b. 1921)
• 2006 – Zola Levitt, Messianic Jewish preacher (b. 1938)
• 2007 – Jean-Pierre Cassel, French actor (b. 1932)
• 2007 – Helen Walton, wife of Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton (b. 1919)
• 2008 – John Marzano, American baseball player (b. 1963)
• 2008 – Germaine Tillion, French anthropologist, member of French Resistance (b. 1907)
• 2008 – Alfonso López Trujillo, Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church (b. 1935)
• 2009 – J.G. Ballard, British novelist (b. 1930)

Holidays and observances

• Bicycle Day
• Declaration of Independence Day (Venezuela)
• Dutch-American Friendship Day
• Feast day of the following saints in the Roman Catholic Church:
  • Saint Emma
  • George of Antioch
  • Expeditus
  • Alphege
• King Mswati III's birthday (Swaziland)
• Landing of the 33 (Uruguay)
• Patriots' Day (Traditional) (Massachusetts, Maine, and Wisconsin, USA)
• The Roman holiday of Cerealia ends. (Roman Empire)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

From Wikiquote

Quotes of the day from previous years:

2004 

Materialists and madmen never have doubts. ~ G. K. Chesterton

• selected by Kalki

2005 

Patience is a necessary ingredient of genius. ~ Benjamin Disraeli (died 19 April 1881)

• selected by Kalki

2006 

By the rude bridge that arched the flood,
Their flag to April's breeze unfurled;
Here once the embattled farmers stood;
And fired the shot heard round the world.
~ Ralph Waldo Emerson (The Battles of Lexington and Concord were fought on 19 April 1775)

• selected by Kalki

2007

Children say that people are hung sometimes for speaking the truth. ~ Jehanne Darc (Joan of Arc) (Official Beatification by the Roman Catholic Church in 1903)

• proposed by Kalki

2008

When you study natural science and the miracles of creation, if you don't turn into a mystic you are not a natural scientist. ~ Albert Hofmann (for Bicycle Day)

• proposed by Kalki

2009

Come unto me, all ye that labour and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest. Take my yoke upon you, and learn of me; for I am meek and lowly in heart: and ye shall find rest unto your souls. For my yoke is easy, and my burden is light. ~ Yeshua (Jesus Christ) (Easter Sunday by the reckonings of the Eastern Orthodox traditions 2009

• proposed by Kalki

2010

Suggestions

War may sometimes be a necessary evil. But no matter how necessary, it is always an evil, never a good. We will not learn how to live together in peace by killing each other's children. ~ Jimmy Carter

• suggested for 2006 by Yorktown1776
• this was already used on 1 October 2005 ~ Kalki 12:08, 19 April 2007 (UTC)
• 1 Zarbon 23:56, 22 April 2008 (UTC)

Byron was dead! I thought the whole world was at an end. I thought everything was over and finished for everyone — that nothing else mattered. I remembered I walked out alone, and carved "Byron is dead" into the sandstone. - Alfred Tennyson

• Byron died on April 19, 1824
• 3 InvisibleSun 00:02, 13 April 2008 (UTC)
• 1 Zarbon 23:56, 22 April 2008 (UTC)
• 2 Kalki 00:14, 18 April 2009 (UTC)

If they had said that the sun or the moon had gone out of the heavens, it could not have struck me with the idea of a more awful and dreary blank in creation than the words: "Byron is dead!" - Jane Welsh Carlyle

• 3 InvisibleSun 00:02, 13 April 2008 (UTC)
• 1 Zarbon 23:56, 22 April 2008 (UTC)
• 2 Kalki 00:14, 18 April 2009 (UTC)

We painters use the same license as poets and madmen. ~ Paolo Veronese

• 3 Zarbon 04:34, 13 April 2009 (UTC)
• 2 Kalki 00:14, 18 April 2009 (UTC)

I paint my pictures with all the considerations which are natural to my intelligence, and according as my intelligence understands them. ~ Paolo Veronese

• 2 Zarbon 04:34, 13 April 2009 (UTC)
• 2 Kalki 00:14, 18 April 2009 (UTC)

Age is deformed, youth unkind,
We scorn their bodies, they our mind. ~ Thomas Bastard

• 3 Zarbon 04:34, 13 April 2009 (UTC)
• 2 Kalki 00:14, 18 April 2009 (UTC)

A good film is one that requires the viewer to create, through an orchestration of impressions, the meaning of its events. It is, in the end, our ability to create meaning out of the raw experience of life that makes us human. It is the exercise of our faculty to discover meaning which is the purpose of art. The didactic imparting of moral or political messages is emphatically not the purpose of art — that is what we call propaganda. ~ Peter Chung

• 3 Zarbon 04:34, 13 April 2009 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 00:14, 18 April 2009 (UTC)

I do not yet want to form a hypothesis to test, because as soon as you make a hypothesis, you become prejudiced. Your mind slides into a groove, and once it is in that groove, has difficulty noticing anything outside of it. During this time, my sense must be sharp; that is the main thing — to be sharp, yet open. ~ Bernd Heinrich

• 3 Zarbon 04:34, 13 April 2009 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 00:38, 18 April 2009 (UTC) * 4 Kalki 00:14, 18 April 2009 (UTC) but still with a strong lean toward 4.

For right will alwayes live, and rise at length,
But wrong can never take deepe roote to last. ~ Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset

• 3 Zarbon 04:34, 13 April 2009 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 00:14, 18 April 2009 (UTC) with a lean toward 4.

The wrathfull winter proching on apace,
With blustering blasts had all ybarde the treene,
And olde Saturnus, with his frosty face
With chilling cold had pearst the tender greene. ~ Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset

• 2 Zarbon 04:34, 13 April 2009 (UTC)
• 2 Kalki 00:14, 18 April 2009 (UTC) but this might be better as a suggestion towards the end of fall, rather than in spring...

And sorrowing I to see the sommer flowers,
The lively greene, the lusty lease, forlorne,
The sturdy trees so shattred with the showers,
The fieldes so fade, that florisht so beforne:
It taught mee well, all earthly things be borne
To dye the death: for nought long time may last:
The sommer's beauty yeeldes to winter's blast. ~ Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset

• 2 Zarbon 04:34, 13 April 2009 (UTC)
• 1 Kalki 00:14, 18 April 2009 (UTC)

His drinke, the running streame, his cup, the bare
Of his palme cloasde, his bed, the hard cold ground:
To this poore life was Misery ybound. ~ Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset

• 3 Zarbon 04:34, 13 April 2009 (UTC)
• 1 Kalki 00:14, 18 April 2009 (UTC)

Crookebackt hee was, toothshaken, and blere eyed,
Went on three feete, and somtyme, crept on fowre,
With olde lame boanes, that ratled by his syde,
His scalpe all pild, and hee with eld forlore:
His withred fist still knocking at Death's dore,
Fumbling, and driveling, as hee drawes his breath,
For briefe, the shape and messenger of Death. ~ Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset

• 3 Zarbon 04:34, 13 April 2009 (UTC)
• 1 Kalki 00:14, 18 April 2009 (UTC)

Conditions are seldom ideal, and if one waits long enough for ideal conditions one is just making excuses. ~ Bernd Heinrich

• 3 Kalki 00:14, 18 April 2009 (UTC)
• 1 Zarbon 15:19, 18 April 2009 (UTC)

From StrategyWiki, the free strategy guide and walkthrough wiki

Articles detailing events that are related to April 19. This may include the release of games or systems, the founding of a video game related company or some other important event.

From Wikia Gaming, your source for walkthroughs, games, guides, and more!

Game releases

• Psychonauts released for the Xbox in North America

Gaming industry birthdays

• Video game voice actor Tim Curry (Born 1946)

From Familypedia

April 19 is the 109th day of the year (110th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 256 days remaining until the end of the year.

In the Gregorian Calendar, Easter Sunday falls on 19 April more often than on any other date.

Events

• 1012 - Martyrdom of St. Alphege in Greenwich.
• 1529 - At the Second Diet of Speyer, a group of rulers (German: Fürst) and independent cities (German: Reichsstadt) protests the reinstatement of the Edict of Worms, beginning the Protestant movement.
• 1587 - Sir Francis Drake sinks the Spanish fleet in Cádiz harbor.
• 1692 - Bridget Bishop goes on trial in Salem, Massachusetts for witchcraft.
• 1713 - With no living male heirs, Emperor Charles VI issues the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 to ensure that Habsburg lands and the Austrian throne would be inherited by his daughter, Maria Theresa (not actually born until 1717).

1775: American Revolution begins

• 1775 - American Revolutionary War: The Battle of Lexington and Concord which began the American Revolutionary War.
• 1809 - The army of Austria attacks and is defeated by the forces of the Duchy of Warsaw in the Battle of Raszyn, part of the struggles of the Fifth Coalition.
• 1810 - Venezuela achieves home rule: Vicente Emparan, Governor of the Captaincy General is removed by the people of Caracas and a Junta is installed.
• 1839 - The Treaty of London establishes Belgium as a kingdom.
• 1861 - American Civil War: Baltimore riot of 1861, a pro-Secession mob in Baltimore, attacks United States Army troops marching through the city.
• 1892 - Charles Duryea claims to have driven the first automobile in the United States, in Springfield.
• 1904 - Much of Toronto, Canada, is destroyed by fire.
• 1909 - Joan of Arc receives beatification.
• 1919 - Leslie Irvin of the United States makes the first successful voluntary free-fall parachute jump using a new kind of self-contained parachute.
• 1927 - Mae West is sentenced to 10 days in jail for obscenity for her play Sex.
• 1928 - The 125th and final fascicle of the Oxford English Dictionary is published.
• 1933 - President Franklin D. Roosevelt announces that the United States will be abandoning the gold standard.
• 1934 - Shirley Temple debuts in Stand Up and Cheer.
• 1936 - First day of the Great Uprising in Palestine.
• 1943 - World War II: In Poland, German troops enter the Warsaw ghetto to round up the remaining Jews, beginning the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.
• 1943 - Bicycle Day – Swiss chemist Dr. Albert Hofmann deliberately takes LSD for the first time.
• 1950 - Argentina becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
• 1951 - General Douglas MacArthur retires from the military.
• 1954 - Constituent Assembly of Pakistan decides Urdu and Bengali to be national languages of Pakistan.
• 1955 - The German automaker Volkswagen, after six years of selling cars in the United States, founds Volkswagen of America in Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey to standardize its dealer and service network.
• 1956 - Actress Grace Kelly marries Rainier III of Monaco.
• 1960 - Students in South Korea hold a nationwide pro-democracy protest against their president Syngman Rhee, eventually forcing him to resign.
• 1961 - The Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba ends in success for the defenders.
• 1971 - Sierra Leone becomes a republic, and Siaka Stevens the president.
• 1971 - Vietnam War: Vietnam Veterans Against the War begin a five-day demonstration in Washington.
• 1971 - Launch of Salyut 1, first human-made space station.
• 1976 - Executive Order 9066 is rescinded.
• 1978 - Lagumot Harris is elected President of Nauru.
• 1985 - Advance Australia Fair is proclaimed as Australia's national anthem, and green and gold as the national colours.
• 1985 - U.S.S.R performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalatinsk U.S.S.R.
• 1987 - The Simpsons make their television debut in the short "Good Night" a segment for The Tracey Ullman Show.
  

  

  Heavy smoke pours from USS Iowa’s #2 Turret following an internal explosion
• 1989 - A gun turret explodes on the USS Iowa, killing 47 sailors.
• 1991 - Evander Holyfield defeats George Foreman by unanimous decision to retain the world heavyweight championship in Atlantic City, New Jersey.
• 1993 - The 51-day siege of the Branch Davidian building outside Waco, USA, ends when a fire breaks out. Eighty-one people die.
• 1995 - Oklahoma City bombing: The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA, is bombed, killing 168. That same day convicted murderer Richard Wayne Snell, who had ties to bombing suspect Timothy McVeigh, was executed in Arkansas.
• 1999 - The German Bundestag returns to Berlin.
• 2000 - An Air Philippines Boeing 737-200 crashes near Davao International Airport, killing 131.
• 2005 - Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger elected Pope Benedict XVI on the second day of the Papal conclave.

Births

• 1320 - King Peter I of Portugal (d. 1367)
• 1452 - King Ferdinand II of Aragon (d. 1516)
• 1603 - Michel le Tellier, French statesman (d. 1685)
• 1658 - Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine (d. 1716)
• 1665 - Jacques Lelong, French bibliographer (d. 1721)
• 1686 - Vasily Tatishchev, Russian statesman (d. 1750)
• 1721 - Roger Sherman, signer of the U.S. Declaration of Independence (d. 1793)
• 1785 - Alexandre Pierre François Boëly, French composer (d. 1858)
• 1793 - Emperor Ferdinand I of Austria (d. 1875)
• 1814 - Louis Amédée Achard, French Novelist (d. 1875)
• 1832 - José Echegaray y Eizaguirre, Spanish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1916)
• 1874 - Ernst Rüdin, Swiss psychiatrist, geneticist, and eugenicist (d. 1952)
• 1877 - Ole Evinrude, Norwegian-American inventor (d. 1934)
• 1882 - Getúlio Vargas, President of Brazil (d. 1954)
• 1883 - Richard von Mises, Austrian-born mathematician (d. 1953)
• 1889 - Otto Georg Thierack, German jurist and politician (d. 1946)
• 1892 - Germaine Tailleferre, French composer (d. 1983)
• 1897 - Peter de Noronha, Indian businessman and philanthropist (d. 1970)
• 1897 - Constance Talmadge, American actress (d. 1973)
• 1899 - George O'Brien, American actor (d. 1985)
• 1900 - Richard Hughes, English novelist (d. 1976)
• 1900 - Roland Michener, Governor General of Canada (d. 1991)
• 1903 - Eliot Ness, American lawman (d. 1957)
• 1912 - Glenn Seaborg, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
• 1919 - Merce Cunningham, American dancer and choreographher
• 1922 - Erich Hartmann, German pilot (d. 1993)
• 1925 - Hugh O'Brian, American actor
• 1928 - Alexis Korner, English musician (d. 1984)
• 1930 - Dick Sargent, American actor (d. 1994)
• 1931 - Walter Stewart, Canadian journalist (d. 2004)
• 1932 - Dickie Goodman, American humorist (d. 1989)
• 1933 - Dickie Bird, English cricket umpire
• 1933 - Jayne Mansfield, American actress (d. 1967)
• 1934 - Dickie Goodman, American producer of novelty songs (d. 1989)
• 1935 - Dudley Moore, English actor, musician, comedian, composer (d. 2002)
• 1936 - Wilfried Martens, Prime Minister of Belgium
• 1937 - Elinor Donahue, American actress
• 1937 - Joseph Estrada, actor and President of the Philippines
• 1940 - Genya Ravan, American vocalist (Goldie & the Gingerbreads, Ten Wheel Drive)
• 1941 - Roberto Carlos, Brazilian singer
• 1941 - Alan Price, English musician (The Animals, The Alan Price Set)
• 1941 - Bobby Russell, American songwriter (d. 1992)
• 1942 - Jack Roush, American founder of Roush Fenway Racing
• 1943 - Eve Graham, Scottish singer (The New Seekers)
• 1944 - James Heckman, American economist, Bank of Sweden Prize
• 1944 - Bernie Worrell, American keyboardist (P Funk)
• 1946 - Tim Curry, British actor
• 1947 - Murray Perahia, American pianist
• 1947 - Mark Volman, American musician (The Turtles)
• 1948 - Rick Miller, American baseball player
• 1949 - Paloma Picasso daughter of artist Pablo Picasso
• 1949 - Larry Walters, American "lawn chair" pilot
• 1951 - Barry Brown, American actor and writer (d. 1978)
• 1951 - Jóannes Eidesgaard, Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands
• 1952 - Alexis Arguello, Nicaraguan boxer
• 1953 - Rod Morgenstein, American musician (Winger)
• 1953 - Ruby Wax, British television personality
• 1954 - Bob Rock, Canadian record producer & musician (The Payolas)
• 1957 - Mukesh Ambani, Indian Business Tycoon
• 1960 - Roger Merrett, Australian footballer
• 1960 - John Schweitz, American basketball player and coach
• 1960 - Frank Viola, baseball player
• 1962 - Al Unser, Jr., American race car driver
• 1965 - Natalie Dessay, French soprano
• 1965 - Suge Knight, American record producer
• 1966 - Véronique Gens, French soprano
• 1966 - Osamu Matsuda, Japanese professional wrestler
• 1966 - Julia Neigel, German singer and songwriter
• 1967 - Steven H Silver, American science fiction editor
• 1967 - Dar Williams, American musician and songwriter
• 1968 - Ashley Judd, American actress
• 1968 - Craig McNeil, American writer, lawyer, and military officer
• 1968 - Mswati III, King of Swaziland
• 1969 - Jesse James, Television personality, Custom motorcycle builder
• 1969 - Susan Polgar, Hungarian-born American chess player
• 1970 - Kelly Holmes, English athlete
• 1970 - Luis Miguel, Mexican pop-singer
• 1972 - Rivaldo, Brazilian footballer
• 1974 - Akara Amarttayakul, Thai actor
• 1975 - Jason Gillespie, Australian cricketer
• 1975 - Jussi Jääskeläinen, Finnish footballer
• 1976 - Ruud Jolie, Dutch guitarist (Within Temptation)
• 1976 - Scott Padgett, American basketball player
• 1977 - Lucien Mettomo, Cameroonian footballer
• 1978 - James Franco, American actor
• 1978 - Gabriel Heinze, Argentinian footballer
• 1978 - Amanda Sage, American born visionary artist
• 1979 - Kate Hudson, American actress
• 1981 - Hayden Christensen, Canadian actor
• 1981 - Martin Havlat, Czech hockey player
• 1981 - Kasie Head, American actress and model
• 1981 - Troy Polamalu, American football player
• 1981 - Catalina Sandino Moreno, Colombian actress
• 1983 - Alberto Callaspo, American baseball player
• 1983 - Zack Duke, American baseball player
• 1983 - Joe Mauer, American baseball player
• 1983 - Curtis Thigpen, American baseball player
• 1984 - Lee Da Hae, South Korean actress
• 1985 - Michael Anderson, American Wrestler
• 1986 - Candace Parker, American basketball player
• 1987 - Joe Hart, English Under-21 Footballer
• 1987 - Oksana Akinshina, Russian actress
• 1987 - Courtland Mead, American actor
• 1987 - Maria Sharapova, Russian tennis player
• 1989 - Fiona MacGillivray, Canadian vocalist (The Cottars)
• 1990 - Kim Chiu, Filipino actress

Deaths

• 1012 - Alphege, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 954)
• 1054 - Pope Leo IX (b. 1002)
• 1390 - King Robert II of Scotland (b. 1316)
• 1560 - Philipp Melanchthon, German humanist and reformer (b. 1497)
• 1567 - Michael Stifel, German mathematician (b. 1487)
• 1578 - Uesugi Kenshin, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1530)
• 1588 - Paolo Veronese, Italian painter
• 1608 - Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset, English statesman and poet (b. 1536)
• 1618 - Thomas Bastard, clergyman and epigrammatist (b. 1565 or 1566)
• 1627 - John Beaumont, English poet (b. 1583)
• 1629 - Sigismondo d'India, Italian composer
• 1632 - King Sigismund I of Sweden (b. 1561)
• 1684 - Roger Williams, English theologian and colonist (b. 1603)
• 1686 - Antonio de Solís y Ribadeneyra, Spanish writer (b. 1610)
• 1689 - Queen Christina of Sweden (b. 1626)
• 1733 - Elizabeth Villiers, mistress of William III of England
• 1739 - Nicholas Saunderson, English mathematician (b. 1682/3)
• 1751 - Peter Lacy, Irish-born Russian Field marshal (b. 1678)
• 1768 - Canaletto, Italian artist (b. 1697)
• 1791 - Richard Price, Welsh philosopher (b. 1723)
• 1813 - Benjamin Rush, physician, activist (b. 1745)
• 1824 - George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron, English poet (b. 1788)
• 1831 - Johann Gottlieb Friedrich von Bohnenberger, German mathematician (b. 1765)
• 1840 - Jean-Jacques Lartigue, Roman catholic bishop of Montreal (b. 1777)
• 1854 - Robert Jameson, Scottish naturalist (b. 1774)
• 1881 - Benjamin Disraeli, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1804)
• 1882 - Charles Darwin, English biologist (b. 1809)
• 1892 - Fr. Thomas Dale SSC, Anglican clergyman prosecuted for Ritualist practices in the 1870s (b. 1821)
• 1906 - Pierre Curie, French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)
• 1906 - Spencer Gore, British tennis player and cricketer (b. 1850)
• 1914 - Charles Sanders Peirce, American philosopher and mathematician (b. 1839)
• 1916 - Ephraim Shay, American inventor (b. 1839)
• 1926 - Alexander Alexandrovich Chuprov, Russian statistician (b. 1874)
• 1930 - Georges-Casimir Dessaulles, Canadian senator (b. 1827)
• 1937 - William Martin Conway, British art critic and mountaineer (b. 1856)
• 1949 - Ulrich Salchow, Swedish figure skater (b. 1877)
• 1950 - Ernst Robert Curtius, Alsatian philologist (b. 1886)
• 1967 - Konrad Adenauer, German statesman (b. 1876)
• 1988 - Kwon Ki-ok, first Korean female pilot (b. 1901)
• 1989 - Daphne du Maurier, British novelist (b. 1907)
• 1991 - Stanley Hawes, British-born Australian film producer, director and administrator (b. 1905)
• 1992 - Frankie Howerd, English comedian (b. 1917)
• 1993 - David Koresh, leader of Branch Davidians (b. 1959)
• 1993 - George S. Mickelson, American politician (b. 1941)
• 1997 - El Duce, American singer and drummer (The Mentors) (b. 1958)
• 1998 - Octavio Paz, Mexican diplomat and writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1914)
• 1999 - David Sanes, US Navy employee
• 1999 - Hermine Braunsteiner, Nazi war criminal (b. 1919)
• 2000 - Louis Applebaum, Canadian conductor and composer (b. 1918)
• 2004 - Norris McWhirter, Scottish co-founder of the Guinness Book of Records (b. 1925)
• 2004 - John Maynard Smith, English biologist (b. 1920)
• 2005 - Ruth Hussey, American actress (b. 1911)
• 2005 - Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen, Danish jazz bassist (b. 1946)
• 2005 - Blade Icewood, American rapper (b. 1977)
• 2005 - George Pan Cosmatos, Greek film director (b. 1941)
• 2006 - Scott Crossfield, American pilot, first man to fly at Mach 2 (b. 1921)
• 2006 - Zola Levitt, Messianic Jewish preacher (b. 1938)
• 2007 - Jean-Pierre Cassel, French actor (b. 1932)
• 2007 - Helen Walton, wife of Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton (b. 1919)

Holidays and observances

• Patriot's Day (Traditional) (Massachusetts, Maine, and Wisconsin, USA).
• Bicycle Day.
• Declaration of Independence Day (Venezuela).
• Landing of the 33 (Uruguay).
• Feast day of the following saints in the Roman Catholic Church:
  • Saint Emma
  • George of Antioch
  • Expeditus
  • Alphege
• Primrose Day (England) – primroses are placed on the statue of Benjamin Disraeli in Parliament Square, London on the anniversary of his death (1881).
• The Roman holiday of Cerealia ends. (Roman Empire)
• Easter Sunday 1908, 1981, 1987, 1992.
• "Dia do Índio" in Brazil
• King Mswati III's birthday (Swaziland)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day

• On This Day in Canada