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April 30 is the 120th day of the year (121st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 245 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 313 – Roman emperor Licinius unifies the entire Eastern Roman Empire under his rule.
• 1006 – Supernova SN 1006, the brightest supernova in recorded history, appears in the constellation Lupus.
• 1315 – Enguerrand de Marigny is hanged on the public gallows at Montfaucon.
• 1492 – Spain gives Christopher Columbus his commission of exploration.
• 1513 – Edmund de la Pole, Yorkist pretender to the English throne, is executed on the orders of Henry VIII.
• 1671 – Petar Zrinski, the Croatian Ban from the Zrinski family, is executed.
• 1789 – On the balcony of Federal Hall on Wall Street in New York City, George Washington takes the oath of office to become the first elected President of the United States.
• 1794 – The Battle of Boulou is fought, in which French forces defeated the Spanish under General Union.
• 1803 – Louisiana Purchase: The United States purchases the Louisiana Territory from France for $15 million, more than doubling the size of the young nation.
• 1812 – The Territory of Orleans becomes the 18th U.S. state under the name Louisiana.
• 1838 – Nicaragua declares independence from the Central American Federation.
• 1863 – Mexican forces attacked the French Foreign Legion in Hacienda Camarón, Mexico.
• 1871 – The Camp Grant Massacre takes place in Arizona Territory.
• 1894 – Coxey's Army reaches Washington, D.C. to protest the unemployment caused by the Panic of 1893.
• 1900 – Hawaii becomes a territory of the United States, with Sanford B. Dole as governor.
• 1900 – Casey Jones dies in a train wreck in Vaughn, Mississippi, while trying to make up time on the Cannonball Express.
• 1904 – The Louisiana Purchase Exposition World's Fair opens in St. Louis, Missouri.
• 1907 – Honolulu, Hawaii becomes an independent city.
• 1920 – Peru becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
• 1925 – Automaker Dodge Brothers, Inc is sold to Dillon, Read & Company for $146 million plus $50 million for charity.
• 1927 – The Federal Industrial Institute for Women, opens in Alderson, West Virginia, as the first women's federal prison in the United States.
• 1927 – Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford become the first celebrities to leave their footprints in concrete at Grauman's Chinese Theater in Hollywood.
• 1937 – The Philippines holds a plebiscite for Filipino women on whether they should be extended the right to suffrage; over 90% would vote in the affirmative.
• 1938 – The animated cartoon short Porky's Hare Hunt debuts in movie theaters, introducing Happy Rabbit.
• 1938 – The first televised FA Cup Final takes place between Huddersfield Town and Preston North End.
• 1939 – World's Fair: NBC inaugurates its regularly scheduled television service in New York City, broadcasting President Franklin D. Roosevelt's opening day ceremonial address.
• 1943 – World War II: Operation Mincemeat: The submarine HMS Seraph surfaces in the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Spain to deposit a dead man planted with false invasion plans and dressed as a British military intelligence officer.
• 1945 – World War II: Fuehrerbunker: Adolf Hitler and Eva Braun commit suicide after being married for one day. Soviet soldiers raise the Victory Banner over the Reichstag building.
• 1947 – In Nevada, the Boulder Dam is renamed Hoover Dam a second time.
• 1948 – In Bogotá, Colombia, the Organization of American States is established.
• 1953 – In Warner Robins, Georgia, an F4 tornado kills 18 people.
• 1956 – Former Vice President and Senator Alben Barkley dies during a speech in Virginia. He collapses after proclaiming "I would rather be a servant in the house of the lord than sit in the seats of the mighty."
• 1967 – The Aldene Connection opened in Roselle Park, NJ, shutting down the CNJ's Jersey City waterfront terminal and transferring commuters to Newark Penn Station.
• 1973 – Watergate Scandal: U.S. President Richard Nixon announces that top White House aids H.R. Haldeman, John Ehrlichman and others have resigned.
• 1975 – Fall of Saigon: Communist forces gain control of Saigon. The Vietnam War formally ends with the unconditional surrender of South Vietnamese president Duong Van Minh.
• 1980 – Accession of Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands.
• 1988 – Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II officially opens World Expo '88 in Brisbane, Australia.
• 1993 – CERN announces World Wide Web protocols will be free.
• 1993 – Virgin Radio broadcasts for the first time in the United Kingdom.
• 1995 – U.S. President Bill Clinton became the first President to visit Northern Ireland.
• 1999 – Cambodia joins the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) bringing the number of members to 10.
• 2001 – The Mitchell Report on the Arab-Israeli conflict is published.
• 2004 – U.S. media release graphic photos of American soldiers abusing and sexually humiliating Iraqi prisoners at Abu Ghraib prison.
• 2008 – Two skeletal remains found near Ekaterinburg, Russia are confirmed by Russian scientists to be the remains of Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia and one of his sisters.
• 2009 – Chrysler automobile company files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.

Births

• 1245 – King Philip III of France (d. 1285)
• 1331 – Gaston Phoebus of Foix (d.1391)
• 1553 – Louise de Lorraine-Vaudémont, queen of France (d. 1601)
• 1623 – François de Laval, first bishop of New France (d. 1708)
• 1651 – Jean-Baptiste de la Salle, French educational reformer, Catholic saint (d. 1719)
• 1662 – Queen Mary II of England (d. 1694)
• 1664 – François Louis, Prince of Conti, French general (d. 1709)
• 1710 – Johann Kaspar Basselet von La Rosée, Bavarian general (d. 1795)
• 1721 – Roger Sherman, American statesman (d. 1793)
• 1723 – Mathurin Jacques Brisson, French naturalist (d. 1806)
• 1770 – David Thompson, Canadian explorer (d. 1857)
• 1777 – Carl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician (d. 1855)
• 1803 – Albrecht Graf von Roon, Prime Minister of Prussia (d. 1879)
• 1812 – Kaspar Hauser, German mystery boy (d. 1833)
• 1829 – Ferdinand von Hochstetter, Austrian geologist (d. 1884)
• 1857 – Eugen Bleuler, Swiss psychiatrist (d. 1940)
• 1864 – Juhan Liiv, Estonian poet (d. 1913)
• 1865 – Max Nettlau, German anarchist (d. 1944)
• 1869 – Hans Poelzig, German architect (d. 1936)
• 1870 – Franz Lehár, Austrian composer (d. 1948)
• 1874 – Cyriel Verschaeve, Flemish clergyman (d. 1949)
• 1876 – Orso Mario Corbino, Italian physicist (d. 1937)
• 1877 – Alice B. Toklas, American companion of Gertrude Stein (d. 1967)
• 1883 – Jaroslav Hašek, Czech novelist (d. 1923)
• 1893 – Joachim von Ribbentrop, Nazi foreign minister (d. 1946)
• 1895 – Philippe Panneton, French Canadian physician, diplomat and writer (d. 1960)
• 1896 – Hans List, Austrian inventor (d. 1996)
• 1897 – Humberto Mauro, Brazilian director and screenwriter (d. 1983)
• 1901 – Simon Kuznets, Ukrainian-born economist, Nobel laureate (d. 1985)
• 1902 – Theodore Schultz, American economist, Nobel laureate (d. 1998)
• 1905 – Sergey Nikolsky, Russian mathematician
• 1908 – Eve Arden, American actress (d. 1990)
• 1908 – Bjarni Benediktsson, Icelandic foreign and later prime minister (d. 1970)
• 1909 – Queen Juliana of the Netherlands (d. 2004)
• 1909 – F. E. McWilliam,Irish sculptor (d. 1992)
• 1916 – Claude Shannon, American engineer and mathematician (d. 2001)
• 1916 – Robert Shaw, American conductor (d. 1999)
• 1920 – Duncan Hamilton, British racing driver (d. 1994)
• 1921 – Tove Maës, Danish actress
• 1923 – Percy Heath, American jazz musician (Modern Jazz Quartet) (d. 2005)
• 1923 – Al Lewis, American actor (d. 2006)
• 1923 – Francis Tucker, South African Rally Driver (d. 2008)
• 1925 – Corinne Calvet, French actress (d. 2001)
• 1925 – Johnny Horton, American musician (d. 1960)
• 1926 – Cloris Leachman, American actress
• 1928 – Hugh Hood, Canadian author (d. 2000)
• 1930 – Félix Guattari, French philosopher and social theorist, (d. 1992)
• 1933 – Dickie Davies, British television presenter
• 1933 – Willie Nelson, American musician
• 1934 – Jerry Lordan, English composer and singer (d. 1995)
• 1938 – Juraj Jakubisko, Slovak film director
• 1938 – Gary Collins, American actor
• 1938 – Larry Niven, American author
• 1940 – Burt Young, American actor
• 1941 – Stavros Dimas, Greek politician
• 1941 – Johnny Farina, American musician and composer (Santo & Johnny)
• 1943 – Frederick Chiluba, former Zambian president (1991-2001)
• 1943 – Bobby Vee, American singer
• 1944 – Jill Clayburgh, American actress
• 1945 – Annie Dillard, American writer
• 1945 – Michael Smith, American astronaut (d. 1986)
• 1946 – King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden
• 1946 – Don Schollander, American swimmer
• 1946 – Bill Plympton, American animator
• 1947 – Leslie Grantham, English actor
• 1947 – Finn Kalvik, Norwegian singer
• 1947 – Tom Køhlert, Danish footballer
• 1947 – Manousos Manousakis, Greek director and producer
• 1947 – Mats Odell, Swedish politician
• 1948 – Perry King, American actor
• 1949 – Phil Garner, baseball manager
• 1949 – António Guterres, Prime Minister of Portugal
• 1952 – Jacques Audiard, French film director
• 1953 – Merrill Osmond, American musician (The Osmonds)
• 1954 – Jane Campion, New Zealand film director
• 1955 – Nicolas Hulot, French journalist
• 1956 – Lars von Trier, Danish film director
• 1957 – Aviva Chomsky, American historian, daughter of Noam Chomsky
• 1958 – Charles Berling, French actor, director and screenwriter
• 1959 – Paul Gross, Canadian actor, director, and writer
• 1959 – Stephen Harper, Prime Minister of Canada
• 1959 – W. Thomas Smith, Jr, American author and columnist
• 1960 – Kerry Healey, American politician
• 1960 – David Miscavige, American cult leader
• 1961 – Isiah Thomas, American basketball player
• 1963 – Michael Waltrip, American race car driver
• 1964 – Ian Healy, Australian cricketer
• 1964 – Barrington Levy, Jamaican musician
• 1965 – Adrian Pasdar, American actor
• 1966 – Jeff Brown, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1966 – Glenn Humplik, Canadian TV Show Co-Host (Tom Green Show)
• 1967 – Steven Mackintosh, British actor
• 1969 – Paulo Jr., Brazilian musician (Sepultura)
• 1969 – Warren Defever, American musician, composer
• 1970 – Ken Stanton, American Radio Personality
• 1971 – John Boyne, Irish novelist
• 1971 – Darren Emerson, English DJ (Underworld)
• 1973 – Akon, American R&B Singer
• 1973 – Jeff Timmons, American singer (98 Degrees)
• 1975 – Elliott Sadler, American race car driver
• 1975 – Mike Chat, American actor
• 1975 – Johnny Galecki, American actor
• 1976 – Amanda Palmer, American musician (The Dresden Dolls)
• 1977 – Jeannie Haddaway, American politician
• 1977 – Pell James, American actress
• 1978 – Tom Fulp, Animator and Founder of Newgrounds
• 1979 – Gerardo Torrado, Mexican footballer
• 1980 – Jeroen Verhoeven, Dutch footballer
• 1980 – Luis Scola, Argentinean basketball player
• 1981 – John O'Shea, Irish footballer
• 1981 – Emma Pierson, British actress
• 1981 – Kunal Nayyar, Indian/British actor
• 1982 – Lloyd Banks, American rapper
• 1982 – Kirsten Dunst, American actress
• 1982 – Cleo Higgins, British singer and actress
• 1982 – Drew Seeley, Canadian actor and singer
• 1983 – Tatjana Hüfner, German luger
• 1983 – Troy Williamson, American football player
• 1984 – Shawn Daivari, American wrestler and manager
• 1984 – Lee Roache, English footballer
• 1985 – Ashley Alexandra Dupré, American singer and call girl
• 1986 – Dianna Agron, American actress
• 1987 – Alipate Carlile, Australian rules footballer
• 1987 – Nikki Webster, Australian entertainer
• 1987 – Rohit Sharma, Indian cricketer
• 2002 – Miguel Urdangarín y de Borbón, Spanish prince

Deaths

• 65 – Lucan, Roman poet (b. 39)
• 1063 – Emperor Renzong of China (b. 1010)
• 1131 – Adjutor, Roman Catholic Saint
• 1341 – John III, Duke of Brittany (b. 1285)
• 1439 – Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, English military leader (b. 1382)
• 1524 – Pierre Terrail, seigneur de Bayard, French soldier (b. 1473)
• 1544 – Thomas Audley, 1st Baron Audley of Walden, Lord Chancellor of England
• 1555 – Pope Marcellus II (b. 1501)
• 1632 – King Sigismund I of Sweden (b. 1561)
• 1632 – Johan Tzerclaes, Count of Tilly, Bavarian general (b. 1559)
• 1642 – Dmitry Pozharsky, Russian prince (b. 1578)
• 1660 – Petrus Scriverius, Dutch writer (b. 1576)
• 1655 – Eustache Le Sueur, French painter (b. 1617)
• 1696 – Robert Plot, British naturalist (b. 1640)
• 1712 – Philipp van Limborch, Dutch Protestant theologian (b. 1633)
• 1736 – Johann Albert Fabricius, German classical scholar and bibliographer (b. 1668)
• 1758 – François d'Agincourt, French composer (b. 1684)
• 1792 – John Montagu, supposed inventor of the sandwich (b. 1718)
• 1795 – Jean-Jacques Barthélemy, French writer and numismatist (b. 1716)
• 1841 – Peter Andreas Heiberg, Danish author and philologist (b. 1758)
• 1847 – Archduke Charles of Austria, Austrian general (b. 1771)
• 1863 – Jean Danjou, French foreign legion captain (b. 1828)
• 1865 – Robert Fitzroy, English admiral and meteorologist (b. 1805)
• 1875 – Jean Frederic Waldeck, French explorer, lithographer, and cartographer (b. 1766)
• 1879 – Emma Hale Smith Bidamon, wife of Joseph Smith, and mother of Joseph Smith III (b.1804)
• 1883 – Édouard Manet, French painter (b. 1832)
• 1900 – Casey Jones, American train engineer (b. 1863)
• 1903 – Emily Stowe, Canadian physician and suffragist (b. 1831)
• 1936 – Alfred Edward Housman, English poet (b. 1859)
• 1943 – Otto Jespersen, Danish philologist (b. 1860)
• 1943 – Beatrice Webb, British economist (b. 1858)
• 1945 – Eva Braun, Adolf Hitler's new wife (b. 1912)
• 1945 – Adolf Hitler, Austrian dictator of Nazi Germany (suicide) (b. 1889)
• 1956 – Alben W. Barkley, Vice President of the United States (b. 1877)
• 1966 – Richard Farina, American folk singer and author (b. 1937)
• 1970 – Inger Stevens, Swedish actress (b. 1934)
• 1972 – Gia Scala, English-American actress (b. 1934)
• 1973 – Václav Renč, Czech poet, dramatist and translator (b. 1911)
• 1974 – Agnes Moorehead, American actress (b. 1900)
• 1980 – Luis Muñoz Marín, Puerto Rican poet, journalist, and politician (b. 1898)
• 1982 – Lester Bangs, American music journalist, author, and musician (b. 1949)
• 1983 – George Balanchine, Russian-born dancer and choreographer (b. 1904)
• 1983 – Muddy Waters, American musician (b. 1915)
• 1985 – George Pravda, Czechoslovakian actor (b. 1918)
• 1989 – Yi, Bang-ja, Crown Princess of Korea (b. 1901)
• 1989 – Sergio Leone, Italian filmmaker (b. 1929)
• 1993 – Tommy Caton, English footballer (b. 1962)
• 1994 – Roland Ratzenberger, Austrian race car driver (b. 1960)
• 1995 – Maung Maung Kha, Prime minister of Burma (b. 1920)
• 1996 – David Opatoshu, American actor (b. 1918)
• 1998 – Nizar Qabbani, Syrian poet (b. 1926)
• 2002 – Charlotte von Mahlsdorf, founder of the Gründerzeit Museum in Berlin-Mahlsdorf. (b. 1928)
• 2002 – Nitsa Tsaganea, Greek actress (b. 1899)
• 2003 – Peter 'Possum' Bourne, New Zealand race car driver (b. 1956)
• 2003 – Wim van Est, Dutch cyclist (b. 1923)
• 2003 – Mark Berger, University of Kentucky professor (b. 1955)
• 2005 – Ron Todd, TGWU General Secretary (1985 – 1992) (b. 1927)
• 2006 – Lawrence Patrick, Biomechanics Professor, crash test subject (b. 1920)
• 2006 – Pramoedya Ananta Toer, Indonesian novelist (b. 1925)
• 2006 – Beatriz Sheridan, Mexican actress and director (b. 1934)
• 2007 – Grégory Lemarchal, French singer (b. 1983)
• 2007 – Kevin Mitchell, American football player (b. 1971)
• 2007 – Tom Poston, American actor (b. 1921)
• 2007 – Gordon Scott, American actor (b. 1927)
• 2007 – Zola Taylor, American singer (b. 1938)
• 2008 – John Cargher, Australian radio broadcaster (b. 1919)

Holidays and observances

• Walpurgis Night – Celebrated in Germany, central, and western Europe
• Scandinavia – The arrival of spring.
• Sweden – Birthday of King Carl XVI Gustav, an official flag day.
• Finland – Mayday's eve. Most celebrations take place day prior to the first of May.
• The Netherlands – Queen's Day, the largest one-day holiday in the Netherlands.
• Roman Empire – third day of the Floralia in honor of Flora.
• Bealtaine Eve (From either Irish Bealtaine or Scottish Gaelic). Originally a Celtic Druid holiday.
• Vietnam – Liberation Day.
• Mexico – Children's Day.
• Czech Republic and Slovakia – Carodejnice – witches' night

in the Roman Catholic Church:

• Saint Adjutor
• Saint Eutropius
• Saint Maximus, 3rd century martyr
• Saint Quirinus of Neuss
• Saint Suitbert the Younger (d. 807)
• Saint Pope Pius V

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

From Wikiquote

Quotes of the day from previous years:

2004

Never attribute to malice that which is adequately explained by stupidity. ~ Robert J. Hanlon

• selected by Kalki

2005

It is not knowledge, but the act of learning, not possession but the act of getting there, which grants the greatest enjoyment. When I have clarified and exhausted a subject, then I turn away from it, in order to go into darkness again. ~ Carl Friedrich Gauss (born 30 April 1777)

• selected by Kalki

2006

You know that I write slowly. This is chiefly because I am never satisfied until I have said as much as possible in a few words, and writing briefly takes far more time than writing at length. ~ Carl Friedrich Gauss (born 30 April 1777)

• selected by Kalki

2007

In a political struggle, never get personal — else the dagger digs too deep. ~ Jack Valenti (recent death)

• selected by Kalki

2008

The Gods do not protect fools. Fools are protected by more capable fools. ~ Larry Niven

• proposed by Kalki

2009

Zen is not a particular state but the normal state: silent, peaceful, unagitated. In Zazen neither intention, analysis, specific effort nor imagination take place. It's enough just to be without hypocrisy, dogmatism, arrogance — embracing all opposites. ~ Taisen Deshimaru

• proposed by Kalki

2010

Suggestions

If freedom is short of weapons, we must compensate with willpower. ~ Adolf Hitler (died April 30)

• 3 because one's willpower serves as a strong device for motivation, even when short of artillery. It is a magnificent source of attaining courage even in the darkest hour of the battle. Zarbon 06:14, 18 April 2008 (UTC)
• 1 Kalki 08:29, 29 April 2008 (UTC) I hold that to even consider Hitler a spokesman for freedom in any admirable way is disgusting and contemptible. The type of "freedom" Hitler stood for was the freedom to oppress, the freedom to lie, the freedom to murder, and no matter how bold and brazen a liar and oppressor might be, or how strong they may become because of the will of other fools and cowards and the lack of will among many other fools and cowards, they are ultimately in many extreme ways craven fools and cowards themselves, who are afraid to speak, to hear, or to allow others to hear or to speak many important truths.
• 1 InvisibleSun 22:01, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

I have not come into this world to make men better, but to make use of their weaknesses. ~ Adolf Hitler (died April 30)

• 3 Zarbon 06:14, 18 April 2008 (UTC)
• 2 Kalki 08:29, 29 April 2008 (UTC) This quote seems to be a concise summary of many of Hitler's policies and attitudes, but I have no great desire to use it any time soon.
• 1 InvisibleSun 22:01, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

The god of war has gone over to the other side. ~ Adolf Hitler (died April 30)

• 4 because it brings the Greek god Ares into play and it is only fitting that his reference be made when war's end is at hand. Zarbon 06:14, 18 April 2008 (UTC)
• 1 Kalki 23:45, 29 April 2009 (UTC) 2 Kalki 08:29, 29 April 2008 (UTC) might eventually rank this a 3 or even a 4, but not presently — no "god of war", or favor in battle has clearly gone to any "other" side, and though the recognition of the avoidable and ultimately detrimental effects of most military aggression is in many ways growing among many people, any final rejection of large scale military aggression between nations and major population groups seems to remain but a distant prospect.
• 2 InvisibleSun 22:01, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

Life never forgives weaknesses. ~ Adolf Hitler (died April 30)

• 3 because life is brutal and difficult. Zarbon 06:14, 18 April 2008 (UTC)
• 1 Kalki 08:29, 29 April 2008 (UTC) An apparent advocation of viciousness, but to a great extent I feel this applies to the vicious themselves, who despite the powers which they may come to wield amidst confused times are truly a weak-minded fools, who misuse, wastefully use and ultimately loose much of whatever power and potential they have.
  Life can indeed be very brutal and difficult, especially if it is made that way by fools who believe whatever paltry strength and will they might attain provides them some sort of right as well as the means to misuse it to needlessly and unjustly oppress others less powerful. It can also be very beautiful and splendid where most people are not so deluded as to follow paths of needless contention, destruction, and ultimate stupidity.
• 2 InvisibleSun 22:01, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

I have had my results for a long time: but I do not yet know how I am to arrive at them. ~ Carl Friedrich Gauss (born April 30)

• 2 because careful planning and preparedness is key to reaching one's goals. Zarbon 14:40, 28 April 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 08:29, 29 April 2008 (UTC) because it speaks of the value of intuition as well as the importance of logic and effort.
• 3 InvisibleSun 22:01, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

The enchanting charms of this sublime science reveal themselves in all their beauty only to those who have the courage to go deeply into it. ~ Carl Friedrich Gauss (born April 30)

• 2 because those who are truly determined will unlock the beauty of science. Zarbon 14:40, 28 April 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 08:29, 29 April 2008 (UTC)
• 3 InvisibleSun 22:01, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

I mean the word proof not in the sense of the lawyers, who set two half proofs equal to a whole one, but in the sense of a mathematician, where half proof = 0, and it is demanded for proof that every doubt becomes impossible. ~ Carl Friedrich Gauss

• 3 Kalki 08:29, 29 April 2008 (UTC) with a lean toward 4.
• 1 Zarbon 16:16, 29 April 2008 (UTC)
• 4 InvisibleSun 22:01, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

I write slowly. This is chiefly because I am never satisfied until I have said as much as possible in a few words, and writing briefly takes far more time than writing at length. ~ Carl Friedrich Gauss

• 3 Kalki 08:29, 29 April 2008 (UTC) with a strong lean toward 4.
• 1 Zarbon 16:16, 29 April 2008 (UTC)
• 3 InvisibleSun 22:01, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

There are problems to whose solution I would attach an infinitely greater importance than to those of mathematics, for example touching ethics, or our relation to God, or concerning our destiny and our future; but their solution lies wholly beyond us and completely outside the province of science. ~ Carl Friedrich Gauss

• 3 Kalki 08:29, 29 April 2008 (UTC)
• 1 Zarbon 16:16, 29 April 2008 (UTC)
• 3 InvisibleSun 22:01, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

Anything you don't understand is dangerous until you do understand it. ~ Larry Niven

• 3 Kalki 08:29, 29 April 2008 (UTC) with a lean toward 4.
• 2 Zarbon 16:16, 29 April 2008 (UTC)
• 3 InvisibleSun 22:01, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

To receive everything, one must open one's hands and give. ~ Taisen Deshimaru (date of death)

• 2 Zarbon 06:28, 21 May 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 18:26, 8 April 2009 (UTC)
• 3 InvisibleSun 23:08, 29 April 2009 (UTC)

Think with your whole body. ~ Taisen Deshimaru (date of death)

• 2 Zarbon 06:28, 21 May 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 18:26, 8 April 2009 (UTC)
• 2 InvisibleSun 23:08, 29 April 2009 (UTC)

Harmonizing opposites by going back to their source is the distinctive quality of the Zen attitude, the Middle Way: embracing contradictions, making a synthesis of them, achieving balance. ~ Taisen Deshimaru (date of death)

• 2 Zarbon 06:28, 21 May 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 18:26, 8 April 2009 (UTC) with a strong lean toward 4
• 3 InvisibleSun 23:08, 29 April 2009 (UTC)

You have to practice until you die. ~ Taisen Deshimaru (date of death)

• 2 Zarbon 06:28, 21 May 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 18:26, 8 April 2009 (UTC)
• 2 InvisibleSun 23:08, 29 April 2009 (UTC)

Keep your hands open, and all the sands of the desert can pass through them. Close them, and all you can feel is a bit of grit. ~ Taisen Deshimaru (date of death)

• 2 Zarbon 06:28, 21 May 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 18:26, 8 April 2009 (UTC)
• 3 InvisibleSun 23:08, 29 April 2009 (UTC)

If you are not happy here and now, you never will be. ~ Taisen Deshimaru (date of death)

• 2 Zarbon 06:28, 21 May 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 18:26, 8 April 2009 (UTC) with a strong lean toward 4.
• 2 InvisibleSun 23:08, 29 April 2009 (UTC)

If you have a glass full of liquid you can discourse forever on its qualities, discuss whether it is cold, warm, whether it is really and truly composed of H-2-O, or even mineral water, or saki. Meditation is Drinking it. ~ Taisen Deshimaru (date of death)

• 2 Zarbon 11:43, 21 May 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 18:26, 8 April 2009 (UTC) with a grokking lean toward 4.
• 2 InvisibleSun 23:08, 29 April 2009 (UTC)

We feel our shell keeps us safe, but it crushes us and others, and keeps out light and sun. ~ Taisen Deshimaru (date of death)

• 2 Zarbon 11:43, 21 May 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 18:26, 8 April 2009 (UTC)
• 3 InvisibleSun 23:08, 29 April 2009 (UTC)

From StrategyWiki, the free strategy guide and walkthrough wiki

Articles detailing events that are related to April 30. This may include the release of games or systems, the founding of a video game related company or some other important event.

From Wikia Gaming, your source for walkthroughs, games, guides, and more!

Game releases

• 1999
  • All-Star Baseball '99 for the Nintendo 64
  • A Bug's Life for the Nintendo 64
  • Bust A Move 99
  • Castlevania: Legacy of Darkness for the Nintendo 64
  • Charlie Blast's Territory for the Nintendo 64
  • Fighting Force 64 for the Nintendo 64 in North America
  • Super Mario Bros. Deluxe for the Game Boy Color in North America

• 1998
  • AeroGauge for the Nintendo 64
  • Bust-A-Move 2 Arcade Edition
  • Bomberman Hero for the Nintendo 64 in Japan
  • Bio F.R.E.A.K.S. for the PlayStation in North America
  • Forsaken 64 for the Nintendo 64
  • Unreal for the PC
  • World Cup 98 for the PC in North America

From Familypedia

April 30 is the 120th day of the year (121st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 245 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 313 - Roman emperor Licinius unifies the entire Eastern Roman Empire under his rule.
• 711 - Islamic conquest of Hispania: Moorish troops led by Tariq ibn-Ziyad land at Gibraltar to begin their invasion of the Iberian Peninsula (Al-Andalus).
• 1006 - Supernova SN 1006, the brightest supernova in recorded history, appears in the constellation Lupus.
• 1483 - Orbital calculations suggest that on this day Pluto moved inside Neptune's orbit until July 23, 1503.
• 1492 - Spain gives Christopher Columbus his commission of exploration.
• 1671 - Petar Zrinski, the Croatian Ban from the Zrinski family, is executed.
• 1789 - On the balcony of Federal Hall on Wall Street in New York City, George Washington takes the oath of office to become the first elected President of the United States.
• 1794 - The Battle of Boulou is fought, in which French forces defeated the Spanish under General Union.
• 1803 - Louisiana Purchase: The United States purchases the Louisiana Territory from France for $15 million, more than doubling – overnight – the size of the young nation.
• 1812 - The Territory of Orleans becomes the 18th U.S. state under the name Louisiana.
• 1838 - Nicaragua declares independence from the Central American Federation
• 1849 - Garibaldi defends Rome against the French.
• 1856 - Battle of Rivas, Nicaragua, against North American mercenaries.
• 1863 - Mexican forces attacked the French Foreign Legion in Hacienda Camarón, Mexico.
• 1871 - Camp Grant Massacre takes place in Arizona Territory.
• 1894 - Coxey's Army reaches Washington to protest the unemployment caused by the Panic of 1893.
• 1900 - Hawaii becomes a territory of the United States, with Sanford B. Dole as governor.
• 1900 - Casey Jones dies in a train wreck in Vaughn, while trying to make up time on the Cannonball Express.
• 1904 - The Louisiana Purchase Exposition World's Fair opens in St. Louis.
• 1920 - Peru becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
• 1925 - Automaker Dodge Brothers is sold to Dillon for USD $146 million plus $50 million for charity.
• 1927 - The Federal Industrial Institute for Women, opens in Alderson, as the first women's federal prison in the United States.
• 1938 - The animated cartoon short Porky's Hare Hunt debuts in movie theaters, introducing Happy Rabbit.
• 1938 - The first televised FA Cup Final took place between Huddersfield Town and Preston North End
• 1939 - The 1939 New York World's Fair opens.
• 1939 - RCA owned NBC begins regularly scheduled television service from its New York station with the opening ceremonies of the 1939 New York World's Fair broadcast.
• 1939 - Franklin D. Roosevelt becomes the first President of the United States to appear on television during the World Fair's opening ceremonies broadcast.
• 1943 - World War II: Operation Mincemeat – The submarine HMS Seraph surfaces in the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Spain to deposit a dead man planted with false invasion plans and dressed as a British military intelligence officer.
• 1945 - Adolf Hitler and Eva Braun commit suicide after being married for one day. Soviet soldiers raise the red flag over the Reichstag building.
• 1947 - In Nevada, the Boulder Dam is officially renamed Hoover Dam again.
• 1948 - In Bogotá, Colombia, the Organization of American States is established.
• 1973 - Watergate Scandal: President Richard Nixon announces that top White House aids H.R. Haldeman, John Ehrlichman, and others have resigned.
• 1975 - Fall of Saigon: Communist forces gain control of Saigon. The Vietnam War formally ends with the unconditional surrender of South Vietnamese president Duong Van Minh.
• 1977 - Superstar Billy Graham defeats Bruno Sammartino for the WWWF Heavyweight Championship in Baltimore, Maryland ending Sammartino's second and last title reign.
• 1980 - Accession of Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands.
• 1988 - French-Canadian singer Céline Dion wins the Eurovision Song Contest in Dublin, Ireland in front of 600 million TV-viewers, representing Switzerland with the song "Ne partez pas sans moi"
• 1991 - A tropical cyclone hits Bangladesh killing an estimated 138,000 people.
• 1993 - The World Wide Web was born at CERN.
• 1993 - During a tennis match between #1 female tennis player Monica Seleš and Magdalena Maleeva, Günter Parche plunged a steak knife between Seleš's shoulderblades. Seleš did not return to competitive tennis for over two years.
• 1993 - Virgin Radio (then Virgin 1215) launches in the UK at 12:15pm.
• 1995 - U.S. President Bill Clinton became the first U.S. President to visit Northern Ireland.
• 1999 - Cambodia joins the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) bringing the total members to 10.
• 2001 - The Mitchell Report on the Arab-Israeli conflict is published.
• 2002 - A referendum in Pakistan overwhelmingly approves the Presidency of Pervez Musharraf for another five years.
• 2006 - Trapped miners Brant Webb and Todd Russell at Beaconsfield are found alive after being unaccounted for for five days.

Births

• 1623 - François de Laval, first bishop of New France (d. 1708)
• 1651 - Jean-Baptiste de la Salle, French educational reformer, Catholic saint (d. 1719)
• 1662 - Queen Mary II of England (d. 1694)
• 1664 - François Louis, French general (d. 1709)
• 1710 - Johann Kaspar Basselet von La Rosée, Bavarian general (d. 1795)
• 1721 - Roger Sherman, American statesman (d. 1793)
• 1723 - Mathurin Jacques Brisson, French naturalist (d. 1806)
• 1770 - David Thompson, Canadian explorer (d. 1857)
• 1777 - Carl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician (d. 1855)
• 1803 - Albrecht Graf von Roon, Prime Minister of Prussia (d. 1879)
• 1812 - Kaspar Hauser, German mystery boy (d. 1833)
• 1829 - Ferdinand von Hochstetter, Austrian geologist (d. 1884)
• 1857 - Eugen Bleuler, Swiss psychiatrist (d. 1940)
• 1864 - Juhan Liiv, Estonian poet (d. 1913)
• 1865 - Max Nettlau, German anarchist (d. 1944)
• 1869 - Hans Poelzig, German architect (d. 1936)
• 1870 - Franz Lehár, Austrian composer (d. 1948)
• 1874 - Cyriel Verschaeve, Belgian clergyman (d. 1949)
• 1876 - Orso Mario Corbino, Italian physicist (d. 1937)
• 1877 - Alice B. Toklas, American companion of Gertrude Stein (d. 1967)
• 1883 - Jaroslav Hašek, Czech novelist (d. 1923)
• 1893 - Joachim von Ribbentrop, Nazi foreign minister (d. 1946)
• 1895 - Philippe Panneton, French Canadian physician, diplomat and writer (d. 1960)
• 1896 - Hans List, Austrian inventor (d. 1996)
• 1897 - Humberto Mauro, Brazillina director and screenwriter (d. 1983)
• 1901 - Simon Kuznets, Ukrainian-born economist, Nobel laureate (d. 1985)
• 1902 - Theodore Schultz, American economist, Nobel laureate (d. 1998)
• 1908 - Bjarni Benediktsson, Icelandic foreign and later prime minister (d. 1970)
• 1909 - Queen Juliana of the Netherlands (d. 2004)
• 1909 - F. E. McWilliam, Northern Irish sculptor (d. 1992)
• 1916 - Claude Shannon, American engineer and mathematician (d. 2001)
• 1916 - Robert Shaw, American conductor (d. 1999)
• 1920 - Duncan Hamilton, British racing driver (d. 1994)
• 1923 - Percy Heath, American jazz musician (Modern Jazz Quartet) (d. 2005)
• 1923 - Al Lewis, American actor (d. 2006)
• 1925 - Corinne Calvet, French actress (d. 2001)
• 1925 - Johnny Horton, American musician (d. 1960)
• 1926 - Cloris Leachman, American actress
• 1928 - Hugh Hood, Canadian author (d. 2000)
• 1933 - Dickie Davies, British television presenter
• 1933 - Willie Nelson, American musician
• 1934 - Jerry Lordan, English composer and singer (d.1995)
• 1938 - Juraj Jakubisko, Slovak film director
• 1938 - Larry Niven, American author
• 1940 - Burt Young, American actor
• 1941 - Johnny Farina, American musician and composer (Santo & Johnny)
• 1943 - Frederick Chiluba, former Zambian president (1991-2001)
• 1943 - Bobby Vee, American singer
• 1944 - Jill Clayburgh, American actress
• 1945 - Annie Dillard, American writer
• 1945 - Michael Smith, American astronaut (d. 1986)
• 1946 - King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden
• 1946 - Don Schollander, American swimmer
• 1947 - Leslie Grantham, English actor
• 1947 - Finn Kalvik, Norwegian singer
• 1947 - Mats Odell, Swedish politician
• 1947 - Tom Køhlert, Brondby IF coach
• 1948 - Perry King, American actor
• 1949 - Phil Garner, baseball manager
• 1949 - António Guterres, Prime Minister of Portugal
• 1952 - Jacques Audiard, French film director
• 1954 - Jane Campion, New Zealand film director
• 1955 - Nicolas Hulot, French journalist
• 1956 - Jorge Chaminé, Portuguese baritone
• 1956 - Lars von Trier, Danish film director
• 1958 - Charles Berling, French actor, director and screenwriter
• 1959 - Paul Gross, Canadian actor, director, and writer
• 1959 - Stephen Harper, Prime Minister of Canada
• 1959 - W. Thomas Smith, American author and columnist
• 1960 - Kerry Healey, American politician
• 1961 - Isiah Thomas, American basketball player
• 1963 - Michael Waltrip, American race car driver
• 1964 - Ian Healy, Australian cricketer
• 1964 - Barrington Levy, Jamaican musician
• 1965 - Adrian Pasdar, American actor
• 1966 - Jeff Brown, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1969 - Paulo Jr., Brazilian musician (Sepultura)
• 1969 - Warren Defever, American musician, composer
• 1971 - John Boyne, Irish novelist
• 1971 - Darren Emerson, English DJ (Underworld)
• 1973 - Akon, American R&B Singer
• 1974 - Mikey Chan, Australian musician
• 1975 - Elliott Sadler, American race car driver
• 1975 - Mike Chat, American actor
• 1976 - Amanda Palmer, American musician (The Dresden Dolls)
• 1977 - Jeannie Haddaway, American politician
• 1979 - Gerardo Torrado, Mexican footballer
• 1981 - John O'Shea, Irish footballer
• 1981 - Emma Pierson, British actress
• 1982 - Lloyd Banks, American rapper
• 1982 - Kirsten Dunst, American actress
• 1982 - Cleo Higgins, British singer and actress
• 1982 - Andrew Seeley, Canadian actor and singer
• 1983 - Troy Williamson, American football player
• 1984 - Shawn Daivari, Persian-American professional wrestler and manager
• 1987 - Nikki Webster, Australian entertainer
• 1987 - Rohit Sharma, Indian Cricketer
• 1996 - Jaidyn Leskie, Missing/murdered Australian toddler

Deaths

• 65 - Lucan, Roman poet (b. 39)
• 1063 - Emperor Renzong of China (b. 1010)
• 1131 - Adjutor, Roman Catholic Saint
• 1341 - John III (b. 1285)
• 1439 - Richard de Beauchamp, English military leader (b. 1382)
• 1524 - Pierre Terrail, French soldier (b. 1473)
• 1544 - Thomas Audley, Lord Chancellor of England
• 1555 - Pope Marcellus II (b. 1501)
• 1632 - Johan Tzerclaes, Bavarian general (b. 1559)
• 1642 - Dmitry Pozharsky, Russian prince (b. 1578)
• 1660 - Petrus Scriverius, Dutch writer (b. 1576)
• 1655 - Eustache Le Sueur, French painter (b. 1617)
• 1696 - Robert Plot, British naturalist (b. 1640)
• 1712 - Philipp van Limborch, Dutch Protestant theologian (b. 1633)
• 1736 - Johann Albert Fabricius, German classical scholar and bibliographer (b. 1668)
• 1758 - François d'Agincourt, French composer (b. 1684)
• 1792 - John Montagu, supposed inventor of the sandwich (b. 1718)
• 1795 - Jean-Jacques Barthélemy, French writer and numismatist (b. 1716)
• 1841 - Peter Andreas Heiberg, Danish author and philologist (b. 1758)
• 1847 - Archduke Charles of Austria, Austrian general (b. 1771)
• 1865 - Robert Fitzroy, English admiral and meteorologist (b. 1805)
• 1875 - Jean Frederic Waldeck, French explorer, lithographer, and cartographer (b. 1766)
• 1883 - Édouard Manet, French painter (b. 1832)
• 1900 - Casey Jones, American train engineer (b. 1863)
• 1903 - Emily Stowe, Canadian physician and suffragist (b.1831)
• 1936 - Alfred Edward Housman, English poet (b. 1859)
• 1943 - Otto Jespersen, Danish philologist (b. 1860)
• 1943 - Beatrice Webb, British economist (b. 1858)
• 1945 - Eva Braun, Adolf Hitler's new wife (suicide) (b. 1912)
• 1945 - Adolf Hitler, Austrian dictator of Nazi Germany (suicide) (b. 1889)
• 1956 - Alben W. Barkley, Vice President of the United States (b. 1877)
• 1970 - Inger Stevens, Swedish actress (b. 1934)
• 1973 - Václav Renč, Czech poet, dramatist and translator (b. 1911)
• 1974 - Agnes Moorehead, American actress (b. 1900)
• 1980 - Luis Muñoz Marín, Puerto Rican poet, journalist, and politician (b. 1898)
• 1982 - Lester Bangs, American music journalist, author, and musician (b. 1949)
• 1983 - George Balanchine, Russian-born dancer and choreographer (b. 1904)
• 1983 - Muddy Waters, American musician (b. 1915)
• 1985 - George Pravda, Czechoslovakian actor (b. 1918)
• 1989 - Yi, Bang-ja, Crown Princess of Korea (b. 1901)
• 1989 - Sergio Leone, Italian filmmaker (b. 1929)
• 1993 - Tommy Caton, English footballer (b. 1962)
• 1994 - Roland Ratzenberger, Austrian race car driver (b. 1960)
• 1994 - Richard Scarry, American author (b. 1919)
• 1995 - Maung Maung Kha, Prime minister of Burma (b. 1920)
• 1996 - David Opatoshu, American actor (b. 1918)
• 1998 - Nizar Qabbani, Syrian poet (b. 1926)
• 2002 - Charlotte von Mahlsdorf, founder of the Gründerzeit Museum in Berlin-Mahlsdorf. (b. 1928)
• 2003 - Peter 'Possum' Bourne, New Zealand race car driver (b. 1956)
• 2003 - Wim van Est, Dutch cyclist (b. 1923)
• 2003 - Mark Berger, University of Kentucky professor (b. 1955)
• 2005 - Ron Todd, TGWU General Secretary (1985 - 1992) (b. 1927)
• 2007 - Grégory Lemarchal, French singer (b. 1983)
• 2007 - Kevin Mitchell, American football player (b. 1971)
• 2007 - Tom Poston, American actor (b. 1921)
• 2007 - Gordon Scott, American actor (b. 1927)

Holidays and observances

• Walpurgis Night - Celebrated in Germany, central, and western Europe
• Scandinavia - The arrival of spring.
• Sweden - Birthday of King Carl XVI Gustav, an official flag day.
• The Netherlands - Queen's Day, the largest one-day holiday in the Netherlands.
• Roman Empire - third day of the Floralia in honor of Flora.
• Bealtaine Eve (From either Irish Bealtaine or Scottish Gaelic). Originally a Celtic Druid holiday.
• Vietnam - Liberation Day.
• Mexico - Children's Day.
• Czech Republic and Slovakia - Carodejnice - witches' night

Liturgical Feast days

in the Roman Catholic Church:

• Saint Adjutor
• Saint Eutropius
• Saint Maximus, 3rd century martyr
• Saints Marianus and James, martyrs in Numidia in 259
• Saint Suitbert the Younger (d. 807)
• Saint Joseph Benedict Cottolengo
• Saint Pope Pius V
• Blessed Hildegard
• Blessed Radolf of Affligem
• Blessed Rosemonde

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day

• On This Day in Canada