From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Archie Comics

Type	Private
Founded	1939
Founder(s)	Maurice Coyne Louis Silberkleit John L. Goldwater
Headquarters	Vill of Mamaroneck, Twn of Mamaroneck, New York, United States
Industry	Publishing
Products	Comics
Website	http://www.archiecomics.com

Archie Comics is an American comic book publisher headquartered in the Village of Mamaroneck, Town of Mamaroneck, New York,^[1][2] known for its many series featuring the fictional teenagers Archie Andrews, Betty Cooper, Veronica Lodge, Reggie Mantle and Forsythe "Jughead" Jones. The characters were created by publisher/editor John L. Goldwater, written by Vic Bloom and drawn by Bob Montana. They were based in part on people met by Goldwater "in the midwest", during his travels throughout the United States while looking for jobs and places to stay.

Archie's first appearance in Pep Comics #22 on December 22, 1941 was drawn by Montana and written by Vic Bloom. With the creation of Archie, publisher Goldwater hoped to appeal to fans of the Andy Hardy movies starring Mickey Rooney.^[3]

Archie Comics is also the title of the company's longest running publication, the first issue appearing with a cover date of Winter 1942. Starting with issue #114 the title was shortened to simply Archie.

History

Archie Comics started out in 1939 as MLJ Comics, named after the first initials of its three founders: Maurice Coyne, Louis Silberkleit, and John L. Goldwater.

Early MLJ titles featured generic superheroes remembered in the lore of comic collectors' trivia. The Shield was the first flag-themed superhero, a year before Captain America. The Comet was the first superhero killed in the line of duty.

The Hangman (the Comet's younger brother) might be the most brutal superhero of the 1940s. Roy the Superboy preceded Superboy by half a decade, and Steel Sterling was dubbed "the Man of Steel" before Superman. None remained popular. In 1941, a teenage humor strip called Archie began as a new back-up feature in Pep, replacing Madam Satan. Striking a chord with emerging youth culture, Archie and his gang were such a hit that MLJ changed its name to Archie Comics in 1946.

In the 1950s and 1960s, cartoonist Dan DeCarlo ceased work on Atlas Comics' Millie the Model and brought his influential style to the Archie Comics universe. DeCarlo is primarily responsible for the modern look of the Archie characters, and the creation of popular Archie spin-off comics Sabrina, the Teenage Witch and Josie and the Pussycats.

The enduring Archie legacy has spanned dozens of Archie titles, including spin-offs, digest collections, and magazines focused on particular characters. Some of the older series feature Archie and his friends cast as superhero versions of themselves or playing spies in a parody of The Man from U.N.C.L.E.. Some series, such as Life With Archie and Archie at Riverdale High, feature straight adventure and/or mystery stories.

In May 2007, Archie debuted what they call a more "dynamic", realistic art style since its title characters' debut in Pep Comics #22 (December, 1941), also features longer serialized stories.

The Archie characters have been continually successful in other media since the comic's inception. The Archie Andrews radio program debuted May 31, 1943, and ran on various networks until September 5, 1953. The Archie newspaper comic strip was launched on February 4, 1946, and was drawn by Bob Montana until his death in 1975. In 1968, Archie was adapted into a Saturday morning cartoon series by Filmation, The Archie Show. In 1969, the teen bubblegum pop band, The Archies, earned a gold record with their #1 hit "Sugar, Sugar". In 1974, a network television pilot was made in an attempt to bring a live-action Archie show but was unsuccessful.

In the 1970s and 1980s, the Archie characters were authorized for use in a series of Christian comic books written and drawn by Al Hartley for Spire Christian Comics.

Several attempts have been made to revive MLJ's original superhero line, without success. Recently at Comiccon 2008 it was announced that the characters have been licensed to DC.^{[citation needed]} J. Michael Straczynski will be using his run on The Brave and the Bold to fully integrate these characters into the DC Universe, saying "The goal is to really give them a leg up on that process .... once they’ve appeared in 'The Brave and the Bold,' they can be used by the rest of the DCU books, and some of them may get their own titles".^[4] the creator was samuel de champlain

Lawsuits

• The February 1962 issue of Harvey Kurtzman's Help! magazine featured his parody of the Archie characters in its Goodman Beaver story, Goodman Goes Playboy, which was illustrated by frequent collaborator, Will Elder. A parody of the sybaritic Playboy lifestyle, the article featured various characters drinking, living out of wedlock, stealing cars, becoming pregnant, attending an orgy, and selling their soul to Satan. Shortly after the magazine hit newsstands in December 1961, attorneys for Archie Comics filed suit for copyright infringement. An agreement was reached in March 1964, with $1000 in damages paid, and an apology was issued. Kurtzman and Elder later tried altering the names and artwork to minimize similarities to Archie characters and trademarks so that it could be reprinted, but they were again threatened with legal action by Archie Comics. According to a May 2008 posting on The Comics Journal's website, the second effort "resulted in waves of lawyers raining upon the strip’s creators, ultimately leading to Kurtzman and Elder handing the copyright to the story over to Archie and signing an agreement promising never to reproduce it again." In 2004, Comics Journal publisher Gary Groth discovered that Archie had neglected to renew the copyright to the strip, and that it had fallen into the public domain." As a result, Goodman Goes Playboy can now be reprinted by anyone, anywhere, at anytime, since it is no longer copyrighted by anyone. Despite the above legal wrangling, Archie Comics never took any action against Kurtzman or Elder for their 1954 Mad Magazine story Starchie, presumably because publisher William Gaines was known for defending lawsuits with vigor, and had greater financial resources than Kurtzman or Help! Magazine. The Mad parody has been reprinted numerous times over the decades. Parody and satire are specifically protected under the 'fair use' doctrine of U.S. law.

• Archie Comics sued music duo The Veronicas for trademark infringement in 2005 over the band's name, which was taken from the comic book character. Archie Comics and Sire Records (The Veronicas' record company) finally resolved their problems through a co-promotion deal.^[5]

• Fanfiction.Net received a cease and desist order from Archie Comics to remove any Archie comic based fan fiction from its site, as they are derived from their copyrighted and trademarked properties and were stated to damage Archie's public image. It included public statements by Archie Comics, who have stated that they do not allow (even family-oriented) fan fiction based on Archie comics works.^{[citation needed]} (It should be noted, however, that story contests are frequently run through the official Archie website, allowing fans to create their own stories in accordance with site's rules).

• On April 4, 2003, Dad's Garage Theatre Company in Atlanta was scheduled to debut a new play, Archie's Weird Fantasy, which depicted Riverdale's most famous resident coming out of the closet and moving to New York. The day before the play was scheduled to open, Archie Comics issued a cease and desist order, threatening litigation if the play proceeded as written. Dad's Garage artistic director Sean Daniels said, "The play was to depict Archie and his pals from Riverdale growing up, coming out and facing censorship. Archie Comics thought if Archie was portrayed as being gay, that would dilute and tarnish his image." ^[6]

• Jughead's Revenge, an American punk rock band was forced to split up after a lawsuit from Archie Comics in April 2001.

The Archie universe

Archie is set in the small town of Riverdale. The state, or even the general location of the town, is unclear. It is known, however, that John L. Goldwater attended Horace Mann School, which is located in the Riverdale section of the Bronx in New York City. In the early years of Archie, Riverdale was located in Massachusetts, with Mr. Lodge being a senator for that state, but this is no longer considered canon. Drawings of Riverdale High School appeared to follow the general design of the original high school, now City Hall, in Haverhill, Mass. One newspaper that carries the Archie comic strip, the Haverhill edition of the Lawrence Eagle-Tribune, calls the strip "Haverhill's Archie". It was said that characters in the strip were based on people in Haverhill especially at the high school, which was attended by Bob Montana.

For the comics' 60th anniversary in 2002, several geographical and historical hints to the location of Riverdale were printed in every digest issue. At the end of the year, it was revealed that the hints point to Riverdale being located in the "Missouri area," but that officially Riverdale has no location. It is essentially located wherever the reader wants it to be. Indeed, the geography of Riverdale is far too inconsistent for it to be any one specific location (see below).

Titles

Dynamic "New Look" Series

In 2007, Archie Comics started making four part "new look" series where the first part of four issues is a different story and the characters are drawn in an updated, less cartoony style. At Comic-Con 2009 the writer revealed that the series is ending after the current Reggie storyline. Here are the titles for the issues:

Currently published titles

• Archie (Winter 1942— )

• Archie and Friends (Sept 1992— )

• Archie Digest (Aug 1973— )

• Archie's Double Digest (Jan 1982— )

• Archie's Pal Jughead Comics Vol. 2 (June 1993—, #46—)

• Archie's Pals 'n' Gals Double Digest (Nov 1992— )

• Betty (Sept 1992— )

• Betty and Veronica Vol. 2 (June 1987— )

• Betty and Veronica Digest (Nov 1980— )

• Betty and Veronica Double Digest (1987— )

• Jughead and Friends Digest (June 2005— )

• Jughead's Double Digest (Oct 1989— )

• Sonic the Hedgehog (June 1993— )

• Sonic Universe (Feb 2009— )

• Tales from Riverdale Digest (May 2005— )

• Veronica (Apr 1989— )

Defunct titles

• Archie 3000! (1989-91)
• Archie Americana Series
• Archie Annual Comics Digest
• Archie... Archie Andrews Where Are You? Digest (1977-98)
• Archie and Me (1964-87)
• Archie's Explorers of the Unknown! (1990-91)
• Archie at Riverdale High (1972-87)
• Archie's Giant Series Magazine (1954-92, revolving one-shot and recurring titles similar to Dell Comics' Four Color series; early issues had longer page counts, but by the 1980s this had ended)
• Archie's Girls Betty and Veronica (1950-87) relaunched immediately as Betty and Veronica Vol. 2
• Archie's Holiday Fun Digest (1996-2007)
• Archie's Joke Book Digest (1953-82)
• Archie's Pal Jughead (1949-65)
• Archie's Pals 'n' Gals (1952-91)
• Archie's RC Racers (1990-91)
• Archie Story & Game Digest (1986-98)
• Archie's TV Laugh-Out (1969-86)
• Betty and Me (1965-92)
• Betty and Veronica Summer Fun (1992-98)
• Betty and Veronica Spectacular (1992-2009)
• Betty's Diary (1986-90)
• Cheryl Blossom (1997-2001)
• Cosmo the Merry Martian (1958–1959)
• Dilton's Strange Science (1989-1990)
• Everything's Archie (1969-91)
• Hot Dog (1990)
• Josie and the Pussycats (1963–1982)
• Jughead (1965-87; relaunched immediately)
• Jughead Vol. 2 (1987-93) continues as Archie's Pal Jughead Comics Vol. 2
• Jughead's Pal Hot Dog (1990-91)
• Jughead with Archie Digest (1974-2005)
• Jughead's Diner (1990-91)
• Jughead's Jokes (1968-82)
• The Jughead Jones Digest Magazine (1977-96)
• Jughead's Time Police (1990-91)
• Knuckles the Echidna (1997-99) spin-off of Archie's Sonic the Hedgehog comic series
• Laugh Comics (1946-87) relaunched immediately
• Laugh Comics Vol. 2 (1987-91)
• Laugh Comics Digest (1974-2005)
• Life with Archie (1958-91)
• Pep Comics (1940-87)
• Reggie and Me (1966-80)
• Reggie's (Wise Guy) Jokes (1968-80)
• Riverdale High (1990-91)
• Sabrina the Teenage Witch (1971-83)
• Sabrina the Teenage Witch (1997-99) relaunched immediately as Sabrina Vol. 2
• Sabrina Vol. 2 (2000-02)
• Sabrina the Teenage Witch Vol. 2 (2003-09) continues from Sabrina Vol. 2
• Sonic X (2005-2008)
• World of Archie (1992-98)

Characters

The Archie gang (main characters)

• Archibald "Archie" Andrews,^[7] main character, a typical red-headed teenage boy with a great interest in dating. He tends to be clumsy and accident prone.
• Veronica "Ronnie/Ron" Lodge,^[7] the rich, spoiled, sometimes nice and sometimes snobbish girl. Betty's best friend and rival for Archie's affections.
• Elizabeth "Betty" Cooper,^[7] the blonde girl next door, who is a good student, athlete, cook, and auto mechanic. She is obsessive about her major crush, Archie.
• Forsythe Pendleton "Jughead" Jones III,^[7] Archie's best friend, Jughead is sarcastic, obsessed with eating, lazy, and apathetic towards girls; however he is also portrayed to be very clever and knowledgeable on a wide variety of subjects, being second only to Dilton Doiley.
• Reginald "Reggie" Mantle III,^[7] the self-confident practical joker who can date anyone he wants. He is Archie's rival in both sports and the contest for the affections of Veronica.

Parents (of the main characters)

Of all the parents, it is Veronica's father and Archie's parents who appear most frequently.

• Mr. Hiram Lodge,^[7] Veronica's rich father; who often dreads meeting Archie due to Archie's clumsiness and knack for causing him trouble
• Mr. Frederick "Fred" Andrews,^[8] Archie's father who is pear-shaped, old-fashioned, and balding.
• Mrs. Mary Andrews,^[8] Archie's typical all-American suburban mother.

The other parents appear less frequently:

• Mrs. Hermione Lodge,^[7] Veronica's mother. Appears far less frequently than her husband, and rarely plays a significant role in most of the stories. She is mostly involved in charity work (also been called Julie circa 1980s).
• Mr. Hal Cooper,^[8] Betty's middle-class but hard-working father who works as a druggist.
• Mrs. Alice Cooper,^[8] Betty's caring, highly supportive mother.
• Mr. Forsythe Pendleton Jones Jr.,^[8] Jughead's father (referred to as Timothy Jones in one story), who looks just like his son, only older and balding.
• Mrs. Gladys Jones,^[8] Jughead's mother.
• Other parents of Archie characters.

Other Teens/Expanded Archie Gang (supporting)

• Marmaduke "Moose"/"Big Moose" Mason^[7] (earlier Moose McGee and in at least one story in the 50s, Moose gives his real name as "Merton Matowski."), a muscular star athlete who is a poor student and is possessive about his girlfriend, Midge. He also is known to be dyslexic.^[9]
• Midge Klump,^[7] Moose's girlfriend, who often gets annoyed at Moose because of his over-protection towards her. (earlier "Midge Collins")
• Dilton Donald "Dilly" Doiley,^[7] the very intelligent nerd and inventor.
• Ethel "Big Ethel" Muggs (earlier Ethel Dinklehof),^[7] a tall, stringy, somewhat dorky but goodhearted teenager who always tries to win over Jughead, albeit unsuccessfully.
• Charles "Chuck" Clayton,^[7] an African-American athlete and cartoonist.
• Nancy Woods,^[7] Chuck's girlfriend.
• Other teenagers in Archie Comics.

The Faculty

• Mr. Waldo Weatherbee,^[7] the school principal, popularly referred to as 'The Bee'. He is often a victim of Archie's clumsiness, and the latter frequently finds himself in detention.
• Miss Geraldine Grundy,^[7] a teacher at Riverdale High. Usually portrayed as an English teacher. She mostly teaches every subject not including gym or chemistry. Most students consider her as a "nice" or "good" teacher. She is an older lady with white coloured hair.
• Professor Benjamin Flutesnoot,^[7] science teacher (also band teacher in Little Archie).
• Coach Kleats,^[7] the head physical education teacher. He only teaches football and baseball.
• Coach Floyd Clayton,[2] Chuck's dad, also a physical education teacher. He is the basketball coach.
• Miss Bernice Beazley,^[7] the somewhat grouchy school cafeteria cook. No one likes her food besides Jughead. No one likes her but herself.
• Mr. Svenson,^[7] Swedish school custodian. He often stays at school when it is closed and cleans. A lot of the students like him and try to help him if he has problems. He also has a girlfriend named Olga.
• Other faculty members.

Other characters

• Terry "Pop" Tate, (earlier Leo Tate)^[7] owner of the Chocklit Shoppe (in older comics, Pop's Malt Shop) where Archie and the gang frequently hang out.
• Jellybean,^[8] Jughead's little sister. Her real name is Forsythia.
• Hot Dog,^[7] Jughead's faithful pet dog.
• Minor characters in Archie Comics

Superheroes

At various points, Archie Comics has experimented with publishing various superhero titles. Beginning with Blue Ribbon Comics #1 (Nov. 1939), and continuing throughout the 1940s with titles such as Zip Comics, Jackpot Comics, Hangman Comics, Shield-Wizard Comics and Pep Comics.^[10] This last title was, "before Archie came along in issue #22... home to the first ever patriotic superhero, The Shield."^[10]

During "Archie's Silver Age (late 1950s through the 1960s)," the Shield led other characters in the Joe Simon/Jack Kirby title The Double Life of Private Strong, while Simon & Kirby soon added another title - The Adventures of the Fly - which in turn was later joined by The Jaguar.^[10] "By the mid-'60s, the superheroes were back in full force" with Mighty Comics Presents and The Mighty Crusaders featuring "all of Archie's superhero characters teaming up for epic adventures."^[10] The Mighty Crusaders comprised The Fly, The Shield, Jaguar, Steel Sterling, Captain Flag, The Comet, Fly Girl, Firefly and The Fox.^[10]

Many of these characters have subsequently in several instances been licensed to DC.^[11].^[12] Writer J. Michael Straczynski is overseeing the current effort which carry the logo of Red Circle Comics.

Mighty Comics

Red Circle Comics

In October 1973, Archie's new "Red Circle Comics" imprint debuted with Chilling Adventures in Sorcery #3 (formerly Chilling Adventures in Sorcery as told by Sabrina), later morphing into Red Circle Sorcery with issue #6, running for a further six issues, until issue #11 (Feb, 1975). A small handful of other short-lived, non-Archie, titles were published by Red Circle Comics before - in 1978/79 - two digests were published collecting some of the Archie Superhero comics from the previous decade. These were Archie's Super Hero Special and Archie's Super Hero Comic Digest Magazine - the latter notable for printing a previously-unpublished revamp of the Black Hood by Gray Morrow and Neal Adams.

In the 1980s, Archie's superheros returned. Initially published by JC Comics in JCP Features #1, (Dec 1981), in March 1983, the first issue of Mighty Crusaders appeared, leading to a procession of new titles under the Red Circle Comics banner, soon to be rebranded (in February 1984) the "Archie Adventure Series," before cancellation in September, 1985.

Impact

Archie's super-heroes were later leased to DC Comics for use in its short-lived Impact Comics line, "and while many of their titles received critical acclaim, there were already too many superhero comics flooding the market."^[10]

Notes

References

External links

• Official website
• Archie Universe
• Who's Who in the Archie Universe
• Archie comic strip
• Archie Veronica Wedding