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This article is about the U.S. State of Arkansas. For other uses, see Arkansas (disambiguation).
State of Arkansas
Flag of Arkansas State seal of Arkansas
Flag Seal
Nickname(s): The Natural State (current)
The Land of Opportunity (former)
Motto(s): Regnat populus (Latin)
before statehood, known as
the Arkansas Territory
Map of the United States with Arkansas highlighted
Official language(s) English
Demonym Arkansan
Capital Little Rock
Largest city Little Rock
Largest metro area Little Rock Metropolitan Area
Area  Ranked 29th in the US
 - Total 53,179 sq mi
(137,002 km2)
 - Width 239 miles (385 km)
 - Length 261 miles (420 km)
 - % water 2.09
 - Latitude 33° 00′ N to 36° 30′ N
 - Longitude 89° 39′ W to 94° 37′ W
Population  Ranked 32nd in the US
 - Total 2,855,390 (2008 est.)[1]
2,673,400 (2000)
 - Density 51.34/sq mi  (19.82/km2)
Ranked 34th in the US
Elevation  
 - Highest point Mount Magazine[2]
2,753 ft  (840 m)
 - Mean 650 ft  (198 m)
 - Lowest point Ouachita River[2]
55 ft  (17 m)
Admission to Union  June 15, 1836 (25th)
Governor Mike Beebe (D)
Lieutenant Governor Bill Halter (D)
U.S. Senators Blanche Lincoln (D)
Mark Pryor (D)
U.S. House delegation 3 Democrats, 1 Republican (list)
Time zone Central: UTC-6/DST-5
Abbreviations AR Ark. US-AR
Website http://www.arkansas.gov
Arkansas State Symbols
Flag of Arkansas.svg
The Flag of Arkansas.
Animate insignia
Bird(s) Mockingbird
Butterfly Diana Fritillary
Flower(s) Apple blossom
Insect European honey bee
Mammal(s) White-tailed deer
Tree Loblolly Pine
Inanimate insignia
Beverage Milk
Dance Square Dance
Food South Arkansas Vine Ripe Pink Tomato
Gemstone Diamond
Instrument Fiddle
Mineral Diamond
Rock Bauxite
Soil Stuttgart
Song(s) Arkansas,
Arkansas (You Run Deep In Me),
Oh, Arkansas,
The Arkansas Traveler
Tartan Arkansas Traveler Tartan
Route marker(s)
Arkansas Route Marker
State Quarter
Quarter of Arkansas
Released in 2003
Lists of United States state insignia
Arkansas (Listeni /ˈɑrkənsɔː/ AR-kən-saw)[3] is a state located in the southern region of the United States. Its name is an Algonquin name of the Quapaw Indians. .Arkansas shares a border with six states, with its eastern border largely defined by the Mississippi River.^ The large star above ARKANSAS symbolizes the Confederacy which Arkansas was a part of from 1861 1865, and the diamond formed by the 25 stars represent Arkansas as the only diamond producing state in the Union.

 ^ At the time of the early French exploration, a tribe of Indians, the Quapaws, lived west of the Mississippi and north of the Arkansas River.
  • The State of Arkansas - An Introduction to the Natural State from NETSTATE.COM 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.netstate.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ The three large stars in the center stand for the three nations that have ruled Arkansas: Spain, France and the United States.

 Its diverse geography ranges from the mountainous regions of the Ozarks and the Ouachita Mountains, which make up the U.S. Interior Highlands, to the eastern lowlands along the Mississippi River. The capital and most populous city is Little Rock, located in the central portion of the state.

Contents

Origin of the name

The name "Arkansas" derives from the same root as the name for the state of Kansas. The Kansas tribe of Native Americans are closely associated with the Sioux tribes of the Great Plains. The word "Arkansas" itself is a French pronunciation ("Arcansas") of a Quapaw (a related "Kaw" tribe) word "akakaze" meaning "land of downriver people" or the Sioux word "Akakaze" meaning "people of the south wind". The pronunciation of Arkansas was made official by an act of the state legislature in 1881 after a dispute between the two U.S. Senators from Arkansas. One wanted to pronounce the name Pronunciation: /ɑrˈkænzəs/ ar-KAN-zəs and the other wanted Pronunciation: /ˈɑrkənsɔː/ AR-kən-zis.[4]
In 2007, the state legislature officially declared the possessive form of the state's name to be Arkansas's.[5]

Geography

See also: List of Arkansas counties, List of cities in Arkansas, List of Arkansas townships, and List of Arkansas native plants
View from the summit of Petit Jean Mountain, nestled in the Arkansas River Valley, from Mather Lodge in Petit Jean State Park.
The Mississippi River forms most of Arkansas's eastern border, except in Clay and Greene counties where the St. Francis River forms the western boundary of the Missouri Bootheel, and in dozens of places where the current channel of the Mississippi has meandered from where it had last been legally specified.[6] .Arkansas shares its southern border with Louisiana, its northern border with Missouri, its eastern border with Tennessee and Mississippi, and its western border with Texas and Oklahoma.^ Though it is largely set in the foothills of southern Arkansas, there is little about the book that would change had it been titled Alabama or Tennessee instead.
  • McSweeney's Internet Tendency: About John Brandon's Arkansas. 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.mcsweeneys.net [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Save Show Preview Show Map http://maps.google.com/staticmap?markers=34.7486563,-92.3542193,midbluea&key=ABQIAAAArhGEJy9AwFx3JfSpQ_2dPhQk3_TW9dDYXykzeLPx4nHF76L4JRS9eO9dhVdXzxsPSb6oxw3nafNVUA Education: University of Arkansas School of Law, Fayetteville Jurisdictions: Arkansas , Missouri , Oklahoma , Pennsylvania , Tennessee , Texas .
  • Arkansas Attorney Profiles - AR Lawyers - Cornell LII Lawyer Directory 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC lawyers.law.cornell.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Texarkana, Texas since 2001 and plan to build a 76-room Best Western in the Crossroads Business Park on the Arkansas side by early 2009.
  • City of Texarkana, Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.txkusa.org [Source type: General]
.Arkansas is a land of mountains and valleys, thick forests and fertile plains.^ Arkansas, officially "The Natural State", is a state of mountains, valleys, dense woodland and fertile plains.
  • The State of Arkansas - An Introduction to the Natural State from NETSTATE.COM 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.netstate.com [Source type: Original source]

 The so-called Lowlands are better known by names of their two regions, the Delta and the Grand Prairie. The Arkansas Delta is a flat landscape of rich alluvial soils formed by repeated flooding of the adjacent Mississippi. .Further away from the river, in the southeast portion of the state, the Grand Prairie consists of a more undulating landscape.^ Soon after, thousands of acres of the Grand Prairie were changed to cultivate rice, and Arkansas became the leading producer of the grain in the United States.
  • The State of Arkansas - An Introduction to the Natural State from NETSTATE.COM 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.netstate.com [Source type: Original source]

 Both are fertile agricultural areas.
The Delta region is bisected by an unusual geological formation known as Crowley's Ridge. A narrow band of rolling hills, Crowley's Ridge rises from 250 to 500 feet (150 m) above the surrounding alluvial plain and underlies many of the major towns of eastern Arkansas.
Northwest Arkansas is part of the Ozark Plateau including the Boston Mountains, to the south are the Ouachita Mountains and these regions are divided by the Arkansas River; the southern and eastern parts of Arkansas are called the Lowlands. All of these mountains ranges are part of the U.S. Interior Highlands region, the only major mountainous region between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachian Mountains.[7][8] The highest point in the state is Mount Magazine in the Ozark Mountains; it rises to 2,753 feet (839 m) above sea level.
Buffalo National River, one of many attractions that give the state's nickname The Natural State.
Arkansas is home to many caves, such as Blanchard Springs Caverns. More than 43,000 Native American living, hunting and tool making sites, many of them Pre-Columbian burial mounds and rock shelters, have been catalogued by the State Archeologist. Arkansas is currently the only U.S. state in which diamonds are mined--although by members of the public with primitive digging tools for a small daily fee, not by commercial interests. [9][10] (near Murfreesboro).
Arkansas is home to many areas protected by the National Park System. These include:[11]
The Trail of Tears National Historic Trail also runs through Arkansas.[11]
Arkansas is home to a dozen Wilderness Areas totaling around 150,000 acres. These areas are set aside for outdoor recreation and are open to hunting, fishing, hiking, and primitive camping. No mechanized vehicles are allowed in these areas, some of which are rarely visited and can provide a good experience of feeling as if you are the only person to have ever stepped foot there.

Climate

Arkansas generally has a humid subtropical climate, which borders on humid continental in some northern highland areas. While not bordering the Gulf of Mexico, Arkansas is still close enough to this warm, large body of water for it to influence the weather in the state. Generally, Arkansas has hot, humid summers and cold, slightly drier winters. In Little Rock, the daily high temperatures average around 90°F with lows around 70°F in the month of July. In January highs average around 49°F and lows around 30°F. In Siloam Springs in the northwest part of the state, the average high and low temperatures in July are 89°F and 67°F and in January the average high and lows are 44°F and 23°F. Annual precipitation throughout the state averages between about 40 and 60 inches (1,000 and 1,500 mm); somewhat wetter in the south and drier in the northern part of the state.[12] Snowfall is common, moreso in the north half of the state, which usually gets several snowfalls each winter. This is not only due to its closer proximity to the plains states, but also to the higher elevations found throughout the Ozark and Ouachita mountains. The half of the state south of Little Rock gets less snow, and is more apt to see ice storms, however, sleet and freezing rain are expected throughout the state during the winter months, and can significantly impact travel and day to day life.
Arkansas is known for extreme weather. A typical year will see thunderstorms, tornadoes, hail, snow and ice storms. Between both the Great Plains and the Gulf States, Arkansas receives around 60 days of thunderstorms. As a part of Tornado Alley, tornadoes are a common occurrence in Arkansas, and a few of the most destructive tornadoes in U.S. history have struck the state. While being sufficiently away from the coast to be safe from a direct hit from a hurricane, Arkansas can often get the remnants of a tropical system which dumps tremendous amounts of rain in a short time and often spawns smaller tornadoes.
High water pouring down the White River caused historic flooding in cities along its path in eastern Arkansas.

History

Main article: History of Arkansas
.The first European to reach Arkansas was the Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto, a veteran of Pizarro's conquest of Peru who died near Lake Village on the Mississippi River in 1542 after almost a year traversing the southern part of the state in search of gold and a passage to China.^ Now you can use our search function to see who in Arkansas has the part, and go straight to them.
  • Salvage Yards near Arkansas - Locate quality Junkyards and recyclers from AR 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arkansassalvageyards.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 Arkansas is one of several U.S. states formed from the territory purchased from Napoleon Bonaparte in the Louisiana Purchase. The early Spanish or French explorers of the state gave it its name, which is probably a phonetic spelling of the Illinois tribe's name for the Quapaw people, who lived downriver from them[13]. Other Native American tribes who lived in Arkansas before moving west were the Quapaw, Caddo, and Osage nations. In their forced move westward (under U.S. Indian removal policies), the Five Civilized Tribes inhabited Arkansas during its territorial period.
The Territory of Arkansaw[4] was organized on July 4, 1819. On June 15, 1836, the State of Arkansas was admitted to the Union as the 25th state and the 13th slave state. Planters settled in the Delta to cultivate cotton; this was the area of the state where most enslaved African Americans were held. Other areas had more subsistence farmers and mixed farming.
Arkansas played a key role in aiding Texas in its war for independence from Mexico; it sent troops and materials to Texas to help fight the war. The proximity of the city of Washington to the Texas border involved the town in the Texas Revolution of 1835-36. Some evidence suggests Sam Houston and his compatriots planned the revolt in a tavern at Washington in 1834.[14] When the fighting began, a stream of volunteers from Arkansas and the southeastern states flowed through the town toward the Texas battle fields.
When the Mexican-American War began in 1846, Washington became a rendezvous for volunteer troops. Governor Thomas S. Drew issued a proclamation calling on the state to furnish one regiment of cavalry and one battalion of infantry to join the United States Army. Ten companies of men assembled here, where they were formed into the first Regiment of Arkansas Cavalry.
The state developed a cotton culture in the east in lands of the Mississippi Delta. This was where enslaved labor was used most extensively, as planters brought with them or imported slaves from the Upper South. On the eve of the Civil War in 1860, enslaved African Americans numbered 111,115 people, just over 25% of the state's population.[15]
Arkansas refused to join the Confederate States of America until after United States President Abraham Lincoln called for troops to respond to the Confederate attack upon Fort Sumter, South Carolina. The State of Arkansas declared its secession from the Union on May 6, 1861. While not often cited in historical accounts, the state was the scene of numerous small-scale battles during the American Civil War. Arkansans of note who contributed to the Civil War included Confederate Major General Patrick Cleburne. Considered by many to be one of the most brilliant Confederate division commanders of the war, Cleburne was often referred to as "The Stonewall of the West." Also of note was Major General Thomas C. Hindman. A former United States Representative, Hindman commanded Confederate forces at the Battle of Cane Hill and Battle of Prairie Grove.
Under the Military Reconstruction Act, Congress restored Arkansas to the Union in June 1868. The Reconstruction legislature established universal male suffrage, a public education system, and other general issues to improve the state and help more of the population. Years later, after conservative Democrats regained political power, they passed a new state constitution in 1874.
In 1874, the Brooks-Baxter War, a political struggle between factions of the Republican Party shook Little Rock and the state governorship. It was settled only when President Ulysses S. Grant ordered Joseph Brooks to disperse his militant supporters.[16]
In 1881, the Arkansas state legislature enacted a bill that adopted an official pronunciation of the state's name, to combat a controversy then simmering. (See Law and Government below.)
After Reconstruction, the state began to receive more immigrants and migrants. Chinese, Italian, and Syrian men were recruited for farm labor in the developing Delta region. None of these nationalities stayed long at farm labor; the Chinese especially quickly became small merchants in towns around the Delta. Some early 20th century immigration included people from eastern Europe. Together, these immigrants made the Delta more diverse than the rest of the state. In the same years, some black migrants moved into the area because of opportunities to develop the bottomlands and own their own property. Many Chinese became such successful merchants in small towns that they were able to educate their children at college.[17]
Construction of railroads enabled more farmers to get their products to market. It also brought new development into different parts of the state, including the Ozarks, where some areas were developed as resorts. In a few years at the end of the 19th century, for instance, Eureka Springs in Carroll County grew to 10,000 people, rapidly becoming a tourist destination and the fourth largest city of the state. It featured newly constructed, elegant resort hotels and spas planned around its natural springs, considered to have healthful properties. The town's attractions included horse racing and other entertainment. It appealed to a wide variety of classes, becoming almost as popular as Hot Springs.
In the late 1880s, the worsening agricultural depression catalyzed Populist and third party movements, leading to interracial coalitions. Struggling to stay in power, in the 1890s the Democrats in Arkansas followed other Southern states in passing legislation and constitutional amendments that disfranchised blacks and poor whites. Democrats wanted to prevent their alliance. In 1891 state legislators passed a requirement for a literacy test, knowing that many blacks and whites would be excluded, at a time when more than 25% of the population could neither read nor write. In 1892 they amended the state constitution to include a poll tax and more complex residency requirements, both of which adversely affected poor people and sharecroppers, and forced them from electoral rolls.
By 1900 the Democratic Party expanded use of the white primary in county and state elections, further denying blacks a part in the political process. Only in the primary was there any competition among candidates, as Democrats held all the power. The state was a Democratic one-party state for decades, until after the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965 were passed.[18]
Between 1905 and 1911, Arkansas began to receive a small migration of German, Slovak, and Irish immigrants. The German and Slovak peoples settled in the eastern part of the state known as the Prairie, and the Irish founded small communities in the southeast part of the state. The Germans were mostly Catholic and the Slovaks were Lutheran. The Irish were mostly Protestant from Ulster.
After the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas in 1954, the Little Rock Nine brought Arkansas to national attention when the Federal government intervened to protect African-American students trying to integrate a high school in the Arkansas capital. Governor Orval Faubus ordered the Arkansas National Guard to aid segregationists in preventing nine African-American students from enrolling at Little Rock's Central High School. After attempting three times to contact Faubus, President Dwight D. Eisenhower sent 1000 troops from the active-duty 101st Airborne Division to escort and protect the African-American students as they entered school on September 25, 1957. In defiance of federal court orders to integrate, the governor and city of Little Rock decided to close the high schools for the remainder of the school year. By the fall of 1959, the Little Rock high schools were completely integrated.[19]
Bill Clinton, the 42nd President of the United States, was born in Hope, Arkansas. Before his presidency, Clinton served as the 40th and 42nd Governor of Arkansas, a total of nearly twelve years.

Demographics

Historical populations
Census Pop.  %±
1810 1,062
—
1820 14,273 1,244.0%
1830 30,388 112.9%
1840 97,574 221.1%
1850 209,897 115.1%
1860 435,450 107.5%
1870 484,471 11.3%
1880 802,525 65.6%
1890 1,128,211 40.6%
1900 1,311,564 16.3%
1910 1,574,449 20.0%
1920 1,752,204 11.3%
1930 1,854,482 5.8%
1940 1,949,387 5.1%
1950 1,909,511 −2.0%
1960 1,786,272 −6.5%
1970 1,923,295 7.7%
1980 2,286,435 18.9%
1990 2,350,725 2.8%
2000 2,673,400 13.7%
Est. 2009[1] 2,889,450 8.1%
As of 2006, Arkansas has an estimated population of 2,810,872,[20] which is an increase of 29,154, or 1.1%, from the prior year and an increase of 105,756, or 4.0%, since the year 2000. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 52,214 people (that is 198,800 births minus 146,586 deaths) and an increase due to net migration of 57,611 people into the state. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 21,947 people, and migration within the country produced a net increase of 35,664 people. It is estimated that about 48.8% is male, and 51.2% is female. From 2000 through 2006 Arkansas has had a population growth of 5.1% or 137,472.[21] The population density of the state is 51.3 people per square mile.
The center of population of Arkansas is located in the far northeast corner of Perry County.[22]
Demographics of Arkansas (csv)
By race White Black AIAN* Asian NHPI*
2000 (total population) 82.65% 16.02% 1.39% 0.96% 0.12%
2000 (Hispanic only) 3.04% 0.14% 0.08% 0.03% 0.02%
2005 (total population) 82.43% 16.09% 1.40% 1.18% 0.13%
2005 (Hispanic only) 4.43% 0.19% 0.10% 0.04% 0.02%
Growth 2000–05 (total population) 3.68% 4.42% 4.94% 28.03% 14.80%
Growth 2000–05 (non-Hispanic only) 1.85% 4.08% 3.36% 27.99% 14.48%
Growth 2000–05 (Hispanic only) 51.65% 43.64% 30.22% 28.97% 16.86%
* AIAN is American Indian or Alaskan Native; NHPI is Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander
As of the 2005-2007 American Community Survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau, White Americans made up 78.6% of Arkansas' population. African Americans made up 15.6% of Arkansas' population. American Indians made up 0.7% of the state's population while Asian Americans made up 1.1% of the state's population. Pacific Islander Americans made up only 0.1% of the population. Individuals from some other race made up 2.3% of Arkansas' population while individuals from two or more races made up 1.6% of the state's population. In addition, Hispanics and Latinos made up 5.0% of Arkansas' population.[23]
People of Irish, German, and English background comprise a plurality of Arkansas' European American residents.[24]
People of European ancestry have a strong presence in the northwestern Ozarks and the central part of the state. African Americans live mainly in the fertile southern and eastern parts of the state. Arkansans of Irish, English and German ancestry are mostly found in the far northwestern Ozarks near the Missouri border. Ancestors of the Irish in the Ozarks were chiefly Scotch-Irish, Protestants from Northern Ireland and the Scottish lowlands, part of the largest group of immigrants from Great Britain and Ireland before the American Revolution. Scots-Irish settled throughout the backcountry of the South and in the more mountainous areas.[25]
As of the 2005-2007 American Community Survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau, 93.9% of Arkansas' population spoke only English at home. About 4.4% of the state's population spoke Spanish at home. About 0.8% of the state's population each spoke any other Indo-European language and an Asian language at home, and 0.2% spoke other languages.[26]
In 2006, Arkansas has a larger percentage of tobacco smokers than the national average, with 24.0% of adults smoking.[27]

Religion

Arkansas, like most other Southern states, is part of the Bible Belt and is predominantly Protestant. The religious affiliations of the people are as follows:[28]
Arkansas Population Density Map
The largest denominations by number of adherents in 2000 were the Southern Baptist Convention with 665,307; the United Methodist Church with 179,383; the Roman Catholic Church with 115,967; and the American Baptist Association with 115,916.[29]

Economy

The quarter for Arkansas, released October 20 2003.
The state's gross domestic product for 2005 was $87 billion. Its per capita household median income (in current dollars) for 2004 was $35,295, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.[30] The state's agriculture outputs are poultry and eggs, soybeans, sorghum, cattle, cotton, rice, hogs, and milk. Its industrial outputs are food processing, electric equipment, fabricated metal products, machinery, paper products, bromine, and vanadium.
Several global companies are headquartered in the northwest corner of Arkansas, including Wal-Mart (the world's largest public corporation by revenue in 2007),[31] J.B. Hunt and Tyson Foods. This area of the state has experienced an economic boom since the 1970s as a result.
In recent years, automobile parts manufacturers have opened factories in eastern Arkansas to support auto plants in other states.
.Tourism is also very important to the Arkansas economy; the official state nickname "The Natural State" was originally created (as "Arkansas Is A Natural") for state tourism advertising in the 1970s, and is still regularly used to this day.^ Brock Elliott, of Fayetteville, Arkansas: John Brandon's Arkansas is not about the Natural State in any literal sense.
  • McSweeney's Internet Tendency: About John Brandon's Arkansas. 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.mcsweeneys.net [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Acceptable Use Copyright © 2009  State of Arkansas.  All Rights Reserved.
According to Forbes.com[32] .Arkansas currently ranks 21st for The Best States for Business, 9th for Business Cost, 40th for Labor, 22nd for Regulatory Environment, 17th for Economic Climate, 9th for Growth Prospects, 34th in Gross Domestic Product, and positive economic change of 3.8% or ranked 22nd.^ Texarkana, Texas since 2001 and plan to build a 76-room Best Western in the Crossroads Business Park on the Arkansas side by early 2009.
  • City of Texarkana, Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.txkusa.org [Source type: General]

Taxation

A map of Arkansas with county boundaries drawn
Arkansas imposes a state income tax with six brackets, ranging from 1.0% to 7.0%. .The first $9,000 of military pay of enlisted personnel is exempt from Arkansas tax; officers do not have to pay state income tax on the first $6,000 of their military pay.^ Punitive taxes on a poor man's groceries and appliances would send Arkansas shoppers scurrying to other states to buy goods, among other crazy consequences.
  • Arkansas Times 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arktimes.com [Source type: General]

 Retirees pay no tax on Social Security, or on the first $6,000 in gain on their pensions along with recovery of cost basis. Residents of Texarkana, Arkansas are exempt from Arkansas income tax; wages and business income earned there by residents of Texarkana, Texas are also exempt. Arkansas's gross receipts (sales) tax and compensating (use) tax rate is currently 6%. The state has also mandated that various services be subject to sales tax collection. They include wrecker and towing services; dry cleaning and laundry; body piercing, tattooing and electrolysis; pest control; security and alarm monitoring; self-storage facilities; boat storage and docking; and pet grooming and kennel services.
Along with the state sales tax, there are more than 300 local taxes in Arkansas. .Cities and counties have the authority to enact additional local sales and use taxes if they are passed by the voters in their area.^ But if it did make the ballot and was passed and repealed all legislatively levied taxes as the sponsors say they intend: .
  • Arkansas Times 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arktimes.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Home > United States > Arkansas > Metro Areas > Counties > Cities > Zip Codes Arkansas .
  • Arkansas, Arkansas (AR) - Sperling's BestPlaces 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.bestplaces.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 These local taxes have a ceiling or cap; they cannot exceed $25 for each 1% of tax assessed. These additional taxes are collected by the state, which distributes the money back to the local jurisdictions monthly. Low-income taxpayers with a total annual household income of less than $12,000 are permitted a sales tax exemption for electricity usage.
Sales of alcoholic beverages account for added taxes. A 10% supplemental mixed drink tax is imposed on the sale of alcoholic beverages (excluding beer) at restaurants. A 4% tax is due on the sale of all mixed drinks (except beer and wine) sold for "on-premises" consumption. A 3% tax is due on beer sold for off-premises consumption.
Property taxes are assessed on real and personal property; only 20% of the value is used as the tax base.

Transportation

Highways

Map of Arkansas Interstates and U.S. Highways.
Main article: List of highways in Arkansas

Interstate Highways

Main article: List of Interstate Highways in Arkansas

U.S. Routes

State highways

Arkansas state welcome sign
Main article: List of Arkansas state highways
See also: List of Arkansas state highway spurs
In March 2008, The American State Litter Scorecard, presented at the American Society for Public Administration national conference, rated Arkansas a national "Worst State" for removing litter and debris from highways and public properties. The state has an above national average fatality rate from litter and debris-related vehicle accidents, based on NHTSA statistics.[33]

Airports

Little Rock National Airport (Adams Field) and Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport in Highfill in Benton County are Arkansas's main air terminals. Passenger service is also available at Fort Smith, as well as limited service at Texarkana, Russellville, Pine Bluff, Harrison, Ozark Regional Airport Mountain Home, Hot Springs, El Dorado and Jonesboro. Many air travelers in eastern Arkansas use Memphis International Airport.

Rail

The Amtrak Texas Eagle passenger train makes several stops in Arkansas daily on its run from Chicago to San Antonio to Los Angeles.

Law and government

The current Governor of Arkansas is Mike Beebe, a Democrat, who was elected on November 7, 2006.[34][35]
Both of Arkansas's U.S. Senators are Democrats: Blanche Lincoln and Mark Pryor. The state has four seats in U.S. House of Representatives. Three seats are held by Democrats—Robert Marion Berry (map), Vic Snyder (map), and Mike Ross (map). The state's lone Republican congressman is John Boozman (map).
Presidential elections results
Year Republican Democratic
2008 58.72% 638,017 38.86% 422,310
2004 54.31% 572,898 44.55% 469,953
2000 51.31% 472,940 45.86% 422,768
1996 36.80% 325,416 53.74% 475,171
1992 35.48% 337,324 53.21% 505,823
1988 56.37% 466,578 42.19% 349,237
1984 60.47% 534,774 38.29% 338,646
1980 48.13% 403,164 47.52% 398,041
1976 34.93% 268,753 64.94% 499,614
1972 68.82% 445,751 30.71% 198,899
1968* 31.01% 189,062 30.33% 184,901
1964 43.41% 243,264 56.06% 314,197
1960 43.06% 184,508 50.19% 215,049
*State won by George Wallace
of the American Independent Party,
at 38.65%, or 235,627 votes
The Democratic Party holds super-majority status in the Arkansas General Assembly. A majority of local and statewide offices are also held by Democrats. This is rare in the modern South, where a majority of statewide offices are held by Republicans. Arkansas had the distinction in 1992 of being the only state in the country to give the majority of its vote to a single candidate in the presidential election—native son Bill Clinton—while every other state's electoral votes were won by pluralities of the vote among the three candidates. Arkansas has become more reliably Republican in presidential elections in recent years. The state voted for John McCain in 2008 by a margin of 20 percentage points, making it one of the few states in the country to vote more Republican than it had in 2004. (The others being Louisiana, Tennessee, Oklahoma and West Virginia.)[36] Obama's relatively poor showing in Arkansas was likely due to a lack of enthusiasm from state Democrats following former Arkansas First Lady Hillary Clinton's failure to win the nomination, and his relatively poor performance among rural white voters. However, the Democratic presence remains strong on the state level; in 2006, Democrats were elected to all statewide offices by the voters in a Democratic sweep that included the Arkansas Democratic Party regaining the governorship, and in 2008, Mark Pryor was re-elected with nearly 80% of the vote against Green candidate Rebekah Kennedy with no Republican opposition.
Most Republican strength lies mainly in the areas around Fort Smith and Bentonville, as well as North Central Arkansas around the Mountain Home area. In the latter area, Republicans have been known to get 90 percent or more of the vote. The rest of the state is more Democratic. Arkansas has only elected one Republican to the U.S. Senate since Reconstruction, Tim Hutchinson, who was defeated after one term by Mark Pryor. The General Assembly has not been controlled by the Republican Party since Reconstruction and is the fourth most heavily Democratic Legislature in the country, after Massachusetts, Hawaii, and Connecticut. Arkansas is one of only two states among the states of the former Confederacy that sends two Democrats to the U.S. Senate (the other being Virginia).
Although Democrats have an overwhelming majority of registered voters, the Democratic Party of Arkansas is more conservative than the national entity. Two of Arkansas' three Democratic Representatives are members of the Blue Dog Coalition, which tends to be more pro-business, pro-military, and socially conservative than the center-left Democratic mainstream. Reflecting the state's large evangelical population, the state has a strong social conservative bent. Under the Arkansas Constitution Arkansas is a right to work state, its voters passed a ban on same-sex marriage with 74% voting yes, and the state is one of a handful that has legislation on its books banning abortion in the event Roe v. Wade is ever overturned.
In Arkansas, the lieutenant governor is elected separately from the governor and thus can be from a different political party.
Each officer's term is four years long. Office holders are term-limited to two full terms plus any partial terms before the first full term. .Arkansas gubernatorial terms became four years with the 1986 general election; before this, the terms were two years long.^ You may sort your results by School Name, City, In State, Out of State and Two or Four Year School fields.
  • Scholarships.com - Arkansas Colleges & Universities 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.scholarships.com [Source type: News]

 ^ The City of Texarkana, Arkansas along with the Four States Fairgrounds will soon begin early planning for next years Sparks in the Park.
  • City of Texarkana, Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.txkusa.org [Source type: General]
Some of Arkansas's counties have two county seats, as opposed to the usual one seat. The arrangement dates back to when travel was extremely difficult in the state. The seats are usually on opposite sides of the county. .Though travel is no longer the difficulty it once was, there are few efforts to eliminate the two seat arrangement where it exists, since the county seat is a source of pride (and jobs) to the city involved.^ There is also a rumor of a girl who was tied to the train tracks(no longer present) in the near area, but authenticity of that rumor is unknown.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]
Arkansas is the only state to specify the pronunciation of its name by law (AR-kan-saw).[4]
Article 19 (Miscellaneous Provisions), Item 1 in the Arkansas Constitution is entitled "Atheists disqualified from holding office or testifying as witness," and states that "No person who denies the being of a God shall hold any office in the civil departments of this State, nor be competent to testify as a witness in any Court." However, this provision is invalid according to the United States Supreme Court in Torcaso v. Watkins (1961), which held that a similar requirement in Maryland violated the First and Fourteenth Amendments to the US Constitution.
See also: List of Arkansas Governors and Political party strength in Arkansas

Metropolitan areas

The Little Rock-North Little Rock-Pine Bluff Combined Statistical Area had 850,761 people in the 2008 census estimates. It is the largest in Arkansas.
The Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers metropolitan area is increasingly important to the state and its economy. The US Census estimated the population of the MSA to be 443,976 in 2008 (up from 347,045 in 2000), making it one of the fastest growing areas in the nation.
Texarkana, TX-Texarkana, AR Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 134,215.
Largest Cities Above 10,000 as of 2007
Rank City 2007–2008 Pop.
1. Little Rock 189,515 Central
2. Fort Smith 84,716 Northwest
3. Fayetteville 73,372 Northwest
4. Springdale 68,180 Northwest
5. Jonesboro 63,690 Northeast
6. North Little Rock 59,430 Central
7. Conway 57,544 Central
8. Rogers 56,726 Northwest
9. Pine Bluff 50,408 Southeast
10. Hot Springs 39,467 Southwest
11. Bentonville 35,526 Northwest
12. Jacksonville 31,351 Central
13. Texarkana 30,087 Southwest
14. Benton 29,452 Central
15. Russellville 27,602 Northwest
16. West Memphis 27,070 Northeast
17. Paragould 24,800 Northeast
18. Sherwood 24,542 Central
19. Cabot 23.614 Central
20. Van Buren 22,543 Northwest
21. Searcy 22,299 Central
22. El Dorado 19,905 Southeast
23. Bella Vista 16,388 Northwest
24. Maumelle 16,201 Central
25. Blytheville 16,105 Northeast
26. Bryant 15,040 Central
27. Siloam Springs 14,825 Northwest
28. Forrest City 13,281 Northeast
29. Harrison 13,108 Northwest
30. Mountain Home 12,592 Northwest
31. Marion 12,217 Northeast
32. Magnolia 11,766 Southwest
33. Camden 11,512 Southeast
34. Arkadelphia 11,130 Southwest
35. Hope 10,378 Southwest
These population numbers are according to the US Census of July 2008. They are the current city population numbers.

Important cities and towns

Little Rock is Arkansas' capital and most populous city
Fort Smith
Fayetteville
Names in bold have populations greater than 20,000.

Education

Public school districts

Centers of research

Colleges and universities

Arkansas State University, Jonesboro.
UAMS is the flagship health education institution of the state.

Notable residents

See also

The Flag of the State of Arkansas Arkansas portal
Main articles: Outline of Arkansas and Index of Arkansas-related articles

References

  1. ^ a b "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2008". United States Census Bureau. http://www.census.gov/popest/states/tables/NST-EST2008-01.csv. Retrieved 2009-02-01. 
  2. ^ a b "Elevations and Distances in the United States". U.S Geological Survey. 29 April 2005. http://erg.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html#Highest. Retrieved November 3, 2006. 
  3. ^ Jones, Daniel. (1997) English Pronouncing Dictionary, 15th ed. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-45272-4
  4. ^ a b c The name Arkansas has been pronounced and spelled in a variety of fashions. The region was organized as the Territory of Arkansaw on July 4, 1819, but the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Arkansas on June 15, 1836. The name was historically Pronunciation: /ˈɑrkənsɔːˌ ærˈkænzəs/, and several other variants. In 1881, the Arkansas General Assembly passed the following concurrent resolution, now Arkansas Code 1-4-105 (official text):
    Whereas, confusion of practice has arisen in the pronunciation of the name of our state and it is deemed important that the true pronunciation should be determined for use in oral official proceedings.
    And, whereas, the matter has been thoroughly investigated by the State Historical Society and the Eclectic Society of Little Rock, which have agreed upon the correct pronunciation as derived from history, and the early usage of the American immigrants.
    Be it therefore resolved by both houses of the General Assembly, that the only true pronunciation of the name of the state, in the opinion of this body, is that received by the French from the native Indians and committed to writing in the French word representing the sound. It should be pronounced in three (3) syllables, with the final "s" silent, the "a" in each syllable with the Italian sound, and the accent on the first and last syllables. The pronunciation with the accent on the second syllable with the sound of "a" in "man" and the sounding of the terminal "s" is an innovation to be discouraged.
    Citizens of the State of Kansas often pronounce the Arkansas River as Pronunciation: /ærˈkænzəs ˈrɪvər/, in a manner similar to the common pronunciation of the name of their state.
  5. ^ Gambrell, John. "Senate gives support to possessive form of Arkansas." Arkansas Democrat Gazette, March 13, 2007.
  6. ^ Arkansas State Boundaries from the Encyclopedia of Arkansas
  7. ^ "Managing Upland Forests of the Midsouth". United States Forestry Service. http://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/4106/about/HotSpringsOffice.htm. Retrieved 2007-10-13. 
  8. ^ "A Tapestry of Time and Terrain: The Union of Two Maps - Geology and Topography". United States Geological Survey. http://tapestry.usgs.gov/physiogr/physio.html. Retrieved 2007-10-13. 
  9. ^ Crater of Diamonds: History of diamonds, diamond mining in Arkansas
  10. ^ http://geology.com/gemstones/united-states-diamond-production.shtml
  11. ^ a b "Arkansas". National Park Service. http://www.nps.gov/state/ar. Retrieved 2008-07-15. 
  12. ^ Average Annual Precipitation - Arkansas. Spatial Climate Analysis Service, Oregon State University. Published 2000. Last Retrieved 2007-10-26.
  13. ^ Linguist list 14.4
  14. ^ Taylor, Jim. "Old Washington State Park Conserves Town's Heyday". http://www.arkansasmediaroom.com/news-releases/listings/display.asp?id=165. 
  15. ^ Historical Census Browser, 1860 US Census, University of Virginia, accessed March 21, 2008
  16. ^ "Brooks-Baxter War - Encyclopedia of Arkansas". http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?entryID=2276. Retrieved 2007-08-24. 
  17. ^ William D. Baker, Minority Settlement in the Mississippi River Counties of the Arkansas Delta, 1870–1930, Arkansas Preservation Commission [1], accessed 14 May 2008
  18. ^ http://www.oldstatehouse.com/educational_programs/classroom/arkansas_news/detail.asp?id=800&issue_id=36&page=3 "White Primary" System Bars Blacks from Politics - 1900", The Arkansas News, Old State House, Spring 1987, p.3, accessed March 22, 2008
  19. ^ "Little Rock Nine - Encyclopedia of Arkansas". http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?search=1&entryID=723. Retrieved 2007-08-24. 
  20. ^ "Annual Estimates of the Population for the United States and States, and for Puerto Rico: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2005" (CSV). 2005 Population Estimates. U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division. June 21, 2006. http://www.census.gov/popest/states/tables/NST-EST2005-01.csv. Retrieved November 15, 2006. 
  21. ^ "Arkansas QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau". http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/05000.html. 
  22. ^ "Population and Population Centers by State - 2000". United States Census Bureau. http://www.census.gov/geo/www/cenpop/statecenters.txt. Retrieved 2008-12-04. 
  23. ^ http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ACSSAFFFacts?_event=Search&geo_id=&_geoContext=&_street=&_county=&_cityTown=&_state=04000US05&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&pctxt=fph&pgsl=010
  24. ^ http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/05000.html
  25. ^ David Hackett Fischer, Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America, New York: Oxford University Press, 1989, pp.633-639
  26. ^ http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ADPTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=04000US05&-qr_name=ACS_2007_3YR_G00_DP3YR2&-ds_name=ACS_2007_3YR_G00_&-_lang=en&-redoLog=false&-_sse=on
  27. ^ CDC's State System - State Comparison Report Cigarette Use (Adults) – BRFSS for 2006, lists the state as having 23.7% smokers. The national average is 20.8% according to Cigarette Smoking Among Adults --- United States, 2006 article in the CDC's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
  28. ^ American Religious Identification Survey, 2001
  29. ^ http://www.thearda.com/mapsReports/reports/state/05_2000.asp
  30. ^ Arkansas QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau
  31. ^ Staff Writer. "Fortune Global 500." CNN/Fortune. 2007. Retrieved on November 8, 2007.
  32. ^ Table: The Best States For Business - Forbes.com
  33. ^ S. Spacek, The American State Litter Scorecard
  34. ^ Winners in '06 Governors races
  35. ^ Arkansas.gov Administration page for Governor
  36. ^ http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Election-state-04-08.png

Further reading

  • Blair, Diane D. & Jay Barth Arkansas Politics & Government: Do the People Rule? (2005)
  • Deblack, Thomas A. With Fire and Sword: Arkansas, 1861–1874 (2003)
  • Donovan, Timothy P. and Willard B. Gatewood Jr., eds. The Governors of Arkansas (1981)
  • Dougan, Michael B. Confederate Arkansas (1982),
  • Duvall, Leland. ed., Arkansas: Colony and State (1973)
  • Fletcher, John Gould. Arkansas (1947)
  • Hamilton, Peter Joseph. The Reconstruction Period (1906), full length history of era; Dunning School approach; 570 pp; ch 13 on Arkansas
  • Hanson, Gerald T. and Carl H. Moneyhon. Historical Atlas of Arkansas (1992)
  • Key, V. O. Southern Politics (1949)
  • Kirk, John A., Redefining the Color Line: Black Activism in Little Rock, Arkansas, 1940–1970 (2002).
  • McMath, Sidney S. Promises Kept (2003)
  • Moore, Waddy W. ed., Arkansas in the Gilded Age, 1874–1900 (1976).
  • Peirce, Neal R. The Deep South States of America: People, Politics, and Power in the Seven Deep South States (1974)
  • Thompson, George H. Arkansas and Reconstruction (1976)
  • Whayne, Jeannie M. et al. Arkansas: A Narrative History (2002)
  • Whayne, Jeannie M. Arkansas Biography: A Collection of Notable Lives (2000)
  • White, Lonnie J. Politics on the Southwestern Frontier: Arkansas Territory, 1819–1836 (1964)
  • Williams, C. Fred. ed. A Documentary History Of Arkansas (2005)
  • WPA., Arkansas: A Guide to the State (1941)

External links


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Travel guide

Up to date as of January 14, 2010

From Wikitravel

Arkansas is a state near the center of the Southern United States. It is known as the "Natural State".
Central
The center of the state includes the state capital Little Rock
Delta
The eastern section of the state along the Mississippi River Delta and includes Jonesboro and West Memphis
Ozarks
The northwest and north central areas of the state that includes Fayetteville, Bentonville and Eureka Springs
Ouachitas
West central part of the state that is home to the Ouachita mountains (including the state's highest peak, Mt. Magazine) and Ouachita National Forest
River Valley
The area in northwest Arkansas along the Arkansas river and includes Fort Smith
Timberlands
The southern section of the state and includes El Dorado, Magnolia, Pine Bluff, Hope, and Texarkana

Understand

Arkansas' state motto is "The Natural State" and that tells you a lot. It has great state parks with wilderness comprising broadleaf forests. The northwest boasts the Ozark Mountains while the south and east of the state has flatter land and shows more of its agricultural heritage. The Mississippi River forms the eastern border of the state and gives a great blues music heritage, great country music elsewhere (Johnny Cash was an Arkansan) and folk and bluegrass everywhere. There are wonderful state parks with camping facilities and some with cabins. The Buffalo River has majestic scenery and easy canoe float trips (but go in late spring to be sure there is enough water). The summer is HOT and humid; spring and autumn are wetter but mostly from intermittent heavy rain showers. Winter brings a little snow, but this time of year can still be humid. Spring is tornado season.
The spelling and pronunciation of "Arkansas" (it is always ar-kan-saw) reflect the state's heritage. The name is a French pronunciation of a Siouxan word meaning "land of downriver people" and was prescribed by law in 1881. It is technically still illegal to mispronounce the name (the law contains a clause stating that "the variation ar-KAN-sas is an innovation to be discouraged"), so be careful!

Talk

English is the prevalent language in virtually the entire state - although Spanish has become much more apparent in Northwestern Arkansas in recent years. Many rural (and quite a few urban) Arkansans have distinctive dialects, which is generally a source of pride. Speakers of English as a second language may face difficulty with some speakers - and relatively few Arkansans are truly bilingual, and menus, signs, and other information is rarely presented in a language other than English.

Get in

Little Rock National Airport, located dead center, is Arkansas' main air terminal, although XNA near Bentonville is another option. Other airports can be found in Fayetteville, Fort Smith, Texarkana, and Memphis, Tennessee.

Get around

Car travel here, as in most of the United States, is quickest. Interstate 40 crosses the state from Fort Smith to Memphis, passing through Little Rock. The interstate also goes south from Little Rock to Texarkana.

Eat

Arkansas' food resembles that of its southern neighbors. Much truly authentic and worthwhile southern cuisine is made in private homes, cookouts, or church functions, rather than actual restaurants. One exception is barbecue, particularly pork barbecue, which is widespread, and available in restaurants, roadside stands, and even trucks. Another regional staple is fried catfish, often it is served with hushpuppies, cole slaw, and french fries or a baked potato. Catfish is especially prevalent in the lowland and Delta regions of the south and east.
Traditional African-American cooking, or "soul food" is generally very similar to the traditional cooking of white southerners in terms if ingredients or basic dishes. It tends to be spicier, and may make more extensive use of ingredients more affluent whites or blacks shun. Likewise, it is rarely presented in formal restaurants, but at cookouts and church gatherings.
One unusual highlight of the Delta region is "tamales." These are very distinct from Latin American tamales, even though they were originally introduced by Mexican farm workers in the early 20th century. In the northwestern part of the state, recent growth in Mexican immigration has brought more authentic Mexican cooking to the state.
Little Rock has the most cosmopolitan dining in the state.

Drink

Ice tea and lemonade are stereotypically southern beverages, and are prevalent in the state along with bottled soft drinks. Both are generally served very sweet, though most restaurants will offer an unsweetened version.
Keep in mind many Arkansas counties are "dry" and do not have retail alcohol sales. However bringing alcohol for private use into a dry county is legal for those over 21 years of age.

Stay safe

Arkansas has several potential weather hazards. Tornados occur in Arkansas. Check the Tornado safety page if you are visiting Arkansas. Severe thunderstorms and flash floods also may occur. While generally mild, winter storms can also strike the states - especially in the northwest. Perhaps the most likely environmental danger is the intense summer heat, compounded by the humidity. Keep well hydrated, and avoid overexerting yourself.
Crime is generally low in most of the state, the main exceptions being the larger cities. Even though many small-town Arkansans view Little Rock as a particularly dangerous and unsafe city, its violent crime rates are in line with other United States cities of similar size. Property crime is more prevalent.
Drunk driving can be a danger, especially in rural areas at night. Arkansas is divided betweem "wet" and "dry" counties, meaning many drinkers in the state must drive 10-30 miles away from home for a good time.
Gay and Lesbian travelers may face unwanted attention or hostility in Arkansas, as Arkansas is generally a very socially conservative state. Little Rock does have an active GLBT community and clubs and other places which are decidely gay friendly. The rest of Arkansas, even larger towns, have very limited opportunities for openly gay travelers, or residents. That being said, in Eureka Springs, a famous resort town, most people are accepting and it has a flourishing GLBT community.
In terms of race relations, Arkansas has progressed in many respects since the 1950s. However, many small towns in the state, especially in the highlands, are mostly or entirely white, and people of color may attract stares or unwanted attention. People of Hispanic background may be assumed to be recent (and often "illegal") immigrants. Likewise, some areas of the Delta, and of the cities of Little Rock, North Little Rock, and Pine Bluff are almost entirely African-American; and even absent overt racial tensions; poverty is widespread in these areas, and wealthier visitors of any background need to be aware of economic and social tensions. However, some areas in larger towns and cities are decidedly integrated.
  • Texas - The largest state in the continental United States borders Arkansas to the southwest.
  • Oklahoma - Arkansas' western neighbor offers the opportunity to explore America's Great Plains.
  • Missouri - The state's northern neighbor is home to St. Louis, the Gateway to the West.
  • Tennessee - Located to the northeast of Arkansas, Tennessee offers natural wonders such as the Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
  • Mississippi - The state's eastern neighbor has Civil War battlefields, scenic parkways, and antebellum charm.
  • Louisiana - Home to New Orleans, this state on Arkansas' southern border offers a unique culture.
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1911 encyclopedia

Up to date as of January 14, 2010

From LoveToKnow 1911

.ARKANSAS, one of the South Central states of the United States of America, situated between 89° 40' N. and 94° 42' W., bounded N. by Missouri, E. by the Mississippi river, separating it from Tennessee and Mississippi, and W. by Texas and Oklahoma.^ Directions: 8 miles South of Cabot on Hwy 89 or 6 miles North of the Remington/Cabot Exit 169 off I-40.
  • Where to find pick your own farms / orchards in Arkansas for fruit, vegetable, pumpkin and Christmas trees 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.pickyourown.org [Source type: General]

 Its area is 53,335 sq. m., of which 810 are water surface.
Arkansas lies in the drainage basin of the lower Mississippi, and has a remarkable river system. The Arkansas bisects the state from W. to E.; along its valley lie the oldest and largest settlements of the state. .Nine other considerable streams drain the state; of these, the Red, the Ouachita, the White and the St Francis are the most important.^ K Orchard - Strawberries, blackberries, peaches (Red Globe, Alberta, and many other varieties), muscadines (purple and white).
  • Where to find pick your own farms / orchards in Arkansas for fruit, vegetable, pumpkin and Christmas trees 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.pickyourown.org [Source type: General]

 There are a number of swamps and bayous in the eastern part.
Table of contents
1 Physical Features
2 Climate
3 Soil
4 Agriculture
5 Manufactures
6 Minerals
7 Communications
8 Population
9 Government
10 Education
11 History
12 Bibliography

Physical Features

The surface of Arkansas is the most diversified of that of any state in the central Mississippi valley. It rises, sloping upward toward the N.W., from an average elevation of less than 300 ft. in the south-east to heights of 2000 ft. and more in the north-western quarter. There are four physiographic regions: two of highlands; one of river valley plain separating the two highland areas; while the fourth is a region of hills, lowlands and scanty prairie. The last covers the E. half of the state, and is part of the Gulf or coastal plain province of the United States. If a line be drawn from the point where the Red river cuts the western boundary to where the Black cuts the northern, E. of it is the Gulf plain and W. of it are the highlands (over Soo ft.) and the mineral regions of the state. They are divided by the valley of the Arkansas river into two regions, which are also structurally different. South of the river are the Ouachita Mountains, and north of it are the Boston Mountains. The Ouachita Mountains are characterized by close folding and faulting. Their southern edge is covered with cretaceous deposits, and their eastern edge is covered as well with the tertiary deposits of the Gulf plains. The Arkansas valley is marked by wide and open folding. The Boston Mountains are substantially a continuation of the Ozark dome of Missouri. Their northern border is marked by an escarpment of Soo to 700 ft. in height. The trend is from E. to W. between Batesville and Wagoner, Oklahoma. In structure they are monoclinical, their rocks - sandstones and shales - being laid southward and blending on that side with the Arkansas valley region. The entire region is very much dissected by streams, and the topography is characteristically of a terrace and escarpment type. In the highlands N. of the Arkansas the country is very irregularly broken; S. of the river the hills lie less capriciously in short, high ranges, with low, fertile valleys between them. .The Ouachitas extend 200 m., from within Oklahoma (near Atoka) to central Arkansas, near Little Rock.^ Whether you are looking in Little Rock or a small Arkansas town, you are sure to find a deal on a foreclosure in Arkansas just about anywhere in the state.
  • Arkansas Foreclosures - Trends and Information at RealtyTrac 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.realtytrac.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Arkansas HomeGrowers Association (Not a PYO) - North Little Rock and Little Rock, AR. Phone: 501-676-2305.
  • Where to find pick your own farms / orchards in Arkansas for fruit, vegetable, pumpkin and Christmas trees 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.pickyourown.org [Source type: General]

 They are characterized by long, low ridges bearing generally W. - E., with wide, flat valleys. Near the western boundary of the state they attain a maximum altitude of 2900 ft. above the sea, and 2000 ft. above the valleys of the Arkansas and Red river; falling in elevation eastward (as westward) to 500-700 ft. at their eastern end. Five peaks rise above 2000 ft. Magazine Mountain, 2833 ft. above the sea-level and 2350 ft. above the surrounding country, is the highest point between the Alleghenies and the Rockies. Altitudes of 2250 ft. are attained in the Boston Mountains, which are the highest portion of the Ozark uplift, and the most picturesque. The streams are vigorous, and in their lower courses flow in deep-cut gorges, Soo to 1000 ft. deep, almost deserving the name of canyons. The main streams are tortuous, and their dendritic tributaries have cut the region into ridges. The mountains do not fill the N.W. quarter of the state, and are separated from a lower, greatly eroded highland region on their N. by a bold escarpment 500 to 1000 ft. in height. Along the upper course of the White river in the Bostons and in the country about Hot Springs in the Ouachitas is found the most beautiful scenery of the highlands; few regions are more beautiful. The valley region embraces the bottom-lands along the Mississippi, and up the Arkansas as far as Pine Bluff, and the cypress swamp country of the St Francis.

Climate

The climate of the state is " southern," owing to the influence of the Gulf of Mexico. The mean temperatures for the different seasons are normally about 41.6°, 61.1°, 78.8° and 61.9° F. for winter, spring, summer and autumn respectively. The normal mean precipitations are about 11.7, 14.5, 10.5 and 10.2 in. for the same seasons. The extreme range of the monthly isotherms crossing the state is from about 35° in winter to 81° F. in summer, and the range of annual isotherms from about S4° to 60° F. That is, the variation of mean annual temperatures for different parts of the state is only 6° F. The variation of the mean annual temperature for the entire state is only 4° (from 59° to 63° F.). The variation of precipitation is as great as 30 in. (from 34 to 64 in.) according to locality. There is little snow, no severe winter cold, and no summer drought. .Sheltered valleys in the interior produce spring crops three or four weeks earlier than is usual in Kansas.^ No less than four hundred dollars ($400) and no more than three thousand dollars ($3,000) for the second offense occurring within five (5) years of the first offense; and .
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 The climate is generally healthy.
==Flora== Arkansas lies in the humid, or Austroriparian, area of the Lower Austral life-zone, except the highlands of the Ozark uplift and Ouachita Mountains, which belong to the humid, or Carolinian, area of the Upper Austral. The state possesses a rich fauna and flora. From an economic standpoint its forests deserve special mention. The forest lands of the state include four-fifths of its area, and three-fourths are actually covered by standing timber. Valuable trees are of great variety: cottonwood, poplar, catalpa, red cedar, sweet-gum, birch-eye, sassafras, persimmon, ash, elm, sycamore, maple, a variety of pines, pecan, locust, dogwood, hickory, various oaks, beech, walnut and cypress are all abundant. There are one hundred and twentynine native species of trees. The yellow pine, the white oak and the cypress are the most valuable growths. .The northern woods are mainly hard; the yellow pine is most characteristic of the heavy woods of the south central counties; and magnificent cypress abounds in the north-east.^ Directions: 2 miles East of Hwy 31 on Bethlehem Road Bethlehem Road is 10 miles North of Lonoke (Hwy 31) of 2.5 miles South of the intersection of Hwy 38 and 31 (head South on Hwy 31).
  • Where to find pick your own farms / orchards in Arkansas for fruit, vegetable, pumpkin and Christmas trees 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.pickyourown.org [Source type: General]

 ^ No Name Farm - Muscadines Located five miles south of Shannon Hills on the east side of North Sardis Rd.
  • Where to find pick your own farms / orchards in Arkansas for fruit, vegetable, pumpkin and Christmas trees 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.pickyourown.org [Source type: General]

 Hard woods grow even on the alluvial lands. " The hard-wood forests of the state are hardly surpassed in variety and richness, and contain inestimable bodies of the finest oak, walnut, hickory and ash timber " (U.S. Census, 1870 and 1900). The growth on the alluvial bottoms and the lower uplands in the E. is extraordinarily vigorous. .The leading species of the Appalachian woodland maintain their full vigour of growth nearer to the margin of forest growth in this part of the Mississippi valley than in any other part of the United States; and some species, such as the holly, the osage orange and the pecan, attain their fullest growth in Arkansas (Shaler).^ In some ways, the salvage yard part is even more likely than the new part to work, as well.
  • Salvage Yards near Arkansas - Locate quality Junkyards and recyclers from AR 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arkansassalvageyards.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ A penalty prescribed in this subchapter for underage driving under the influence is in addition to any other penalty prescribed by law for the offense under another law of the State of Arkansas.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

Soil

The soils of Arkansas are of peculiar variety. That of the highlands is mostly but a thin covering, and their larger portion is relatively poorly fitted for agriculture. The uplands are generally fertile. Their poor soils are distinctively sandy, those of the lowlands clayey; but these elements are usually found combined in rich loams characterized by the predominance of one or the other constituent. Finally the alluvial bottoms are of wonderful richness.

Agriculture

This variety of soils, a considerable range of moderate altitudes and favourable factors of heat and moisture promote a rich diversity in agriculture. Arkansas is predominantly an agricultural state. The farm area of 1860 was only 28. 2% of the whole area of the state, that of 1900 (16,636,719 acres) was 49 70; and while only a fifth of this farm area was actually improved in 1860, two-fifths were improved in 1900; thus, the part of the state's area actually cultivated approximately quadrupled in four decades. The value of products in 1900 ($79.6 millions) was 44% of the total farm values ($181.4 millions). The rise in average value of farm lands since 1870 has not been a fifth of the increase of the aggregate value of all farm property.
The Civil War wrought a havoc from which a full recovery was hardly reached before 1890. The economic evolution of the state since Reconstruction has been in the main that common to all the old slave states developing from the plantation system of ante-bellum days, somewhat diversified and complicated by the special features of a young and border community. .The farms of Arkansas increased in number 357.8%, in area 73.7% and in total true (as distinguished from tax) valuation about 53.8% between 1860 and 1900; the decade of most extraordinary growth being that of 1870-1880. Thus Arkansas has shared that fall in the average size of farms common to all sections of the Union (save the north central) since 1850, but especially marked since the Civil War in the " Cotton States," owing to the subdivision of large holdings with the introduction of the tenant system.^ (C) A court outside Arkansas having jurisdiction over any person holding driving privileges issued by the State of Arkansas shall prepare and transmit any order under subdivision (b)(1)(A) of this section pursuant to an agreement or arrangement entered into between that state and the Director of the Department of Finance and Administration.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ (D) An arrangement or agreement under subdivision (b)(1)(C) of this section may also provide for the forwarding by the department of an order issued by a court within this state to the state where the person holds driving privileges issued by that state.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ (B) A court within the State of Arkansas shall prepare and transmit any order under subdivision (b)(1)(A) of this section within twenty-four (24) hours after the plea or finding to the department.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 .The rapidity of the movement has not been exceptional in Arkansas, but the size of its average farm, less in 1850 than that of the other cotton states, was in 1900, 93.1 acres (108.8 for white farmers alone, 49 o for blacks alone), which was even less than that of the North Atlantic states (96.5 acres, the smallest sectional unit of the Union).^ A penalty prescribed in this subchapter for underage driving under the influence is in addition to any other penalty prescribed by law for the offense under another law of the State of Arkansas.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ In addition to any other penalty provided for in this section, if the underage person is a resident without a license or permit to operate a motor vehicle in this state: .
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Arkansas Culinary Herb and Produce Farm - beets, broccoli, carrots, eggplant, herbs/spices, peppers, summer squash, tomatoes, other vegetables, 1413 Stowe Road, White Hall, AR 71602.
  • Where to find pick your own farms / orchards in Arkansas for fruit, vegetable, pumpkin and Christmas trees 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.pickyourown.org [Source type: General]

 The percentage of farms worked by owners fell from 69.1% in 1880 to 54.6% in 1900; the difference of the balances or 1 4.5% indicates the increase of tenant holdings, two-thirds of these being for shares.
It is interesting to compare in this matter the whites and the negroes. In actual numbers the white farmers heavily predominate, whether as owners, tenants for cash or tenants on shares; but if we look at the numbers within each race holding by these respective tenures (65. o, 8.7 and 26.3% respectively for whites; 2 5.6, 33.7 and 40.7% for negroes, in 1900), we see the lesser independence of the negro farmer. The cotton counties, which are the counties of densest coloured habitancy, exemplify this fact with great clearness. .The few negroes in the white counties of the uplands are much better off than those in the cotton lowlands; more than three times as large a part of them owners; the poorer element is segregated in the cotton region.^ In some ways, the salvage yard part is even more likely than the new part to work, as well.
  • Salvage Yards near Arkansas - Locate quality Junkyards and recyclers from AR 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arkansassalvageyards.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ No less than four hundred dollars ($400) and no more than three thousand dollars ($3,000) for the second offense occurring within five (5) years of the first offense; and .
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 In Arkansas, as elsewhere in the south, negro tenants, like white tenants, are more efficient than owners working their own lands. The black farmer is in bondage to cotton; for him still " Cotton is King." .He gives it four-fifths of his land; while his white rival allows it only a quarter of his, less by half than the area he gives to live-stock, dairying, hay and grains.^ No less than four hundred dollars ($400) and no more than three thousand dollars ($3,000) for the second offense occurring within five (5) years of the first offense; and .
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 .At Sunnyside, on the west bank of the Mississippi, negro tenant farmers have been practically forced out of business by Italians, who produced in 1899-1904 more than twice as much lint cotton per working hand, and 70% more per acre.^ Comment from a visitor, June 15, 2003: " Total BUST - junk cars and dead blueberry plants - has obviously been out of business for a year or more.
  • Where to find pick your own farms / orchards in Arkansas for fruit, vegetable, pumpkin and Christmas trees 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.pickyourown.org [Source type: General]

 .The general place of the negro in agriculture is shown also by the fact that more than four-fifths of the farm acreage and farm values of the state are in the hands of the whites.^ No less than four hundred dollars ($400) and no more than three thousand dollars ($3,000) for the second offense occurring within five (5) years of the first offense; and .
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 The white farmer gives an outlay in labour and fertilizers on his farm greater by 61.4% than the black, gathers a produce greater by 22.5%, and possesses a farm of a value 53.5% greater (Census, 1900) .
Cotton is the leading product. It absorbs about a third of the area under crops, and its returns ($28,000,000 in 1899) are about a half of the value of all crops. A part of the cotton lands of Arkansas are among the richest in the south. Other distinctively southern products (tobacco, &c.) are of no importance in Arkansas. .Cereals are given more than twice as much acreage as cotton, but yield only a third as great aggregate returns, Indian corn being much the most remunerative; about three-fourths of the cereal acreage are given to its cultivation, and it ranks after cotton in value of harvest.'^ No less than nine hundred dollars ($900) and no more than five thousand dollars ($5,000) for the third or subsequent offense occurring within five (5) years of the first offense.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ (A) For at least one (1) year but no more than six (6) years for the fourth offense occurring within five (5) years of the first offense or not less than one (1) year of community service and is guilty of a felony.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ No less than four hundred dollars ($400) and no more than three thousand dollars ($3,000) for the second offense occurring within five (5) years of the first offense; and .
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 .For all the other staple agricultural products of the central states the showing of Arkansas is uniformly good, but not noteworthy.^ A penalty prescribed in this subchapter for underage driving under the influence is in addition to any other penalty prescribed by law for the offense under another law of the State of Arkansas.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 But its rank as a fruitgrowing country is exceptional. .Plums, prunes, peaches, pears and grapes are cultivated very generally over the western half of the state (grapes in the east also), but with greatest success in the south-west; apples prosper best in the north-west.^ No Name Farm - Muscadines Located five miles south of Shannon Hills on the east side of North Sardis Rd.
  • Where to find pick your own farms / orchards in Arkansas for fruit, vegetable, pumpkin and Christmas trees 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.pickyourown.org [Source type: General]

 ^ Directions: From Newport take Hwy 17 South to Hwy 33 West, 1 mile to the North.
  • Where to find pick your own farms / orchards in Arkansas for fruit, vegetable, pumpkin and Christmas trees 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.pickyourown.org [Source type: General]

 ^ Directions: 2 miles East of Hwy 31 on Bethlehem Road Bethlehem Road is 10 miles North of Lonoke (Hwy 31) of 2.5 miles South of the intersection of Hwy 38 and 31 (head South on Hwy 31).
  • Where to find pick your own farms / orchards in Arkansas for fruit, vegetable, pumpkin and Christmas trees 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.pickyourown.org [Source type: General]

 Small berries are a very important product. All fruits are of the finest quality. For apples the state makes probably a finer showing than that of any other state except Oregon. About ninety varieties are habitually entered in national competitions. The fruit industry generally has developed with extreme rapidity.

Manufactures

Although Arkansas is rich in minerals and in forests, in 1900 only 2% of its population were engaged in manufacturing. But the development has been rapid; the value of products multiplied seven times, the wages paid nine, and the capital invested twelve, in the years 1880-1900; and the increase in the same categories from 1900-1905 was 35, 42.8 and 82.4% respectively. 2 It must be noted as characteristic of the state that of the total manufactures in 1905, 80 3% were produced in rural districts (83.7 in 1900). .About two-thirds of the increase between 1890 and 1900 was in the lumber industry, which was of slight importance before the former year; it represented more than half the total value of the manufactures of the state in 1905 (output, 1905, $28,065,171 and of mill products $3,786, 7 72 additional); in the value of lumber and timber products the state ranked sixth among the states of the United States in 1900, and seventh in 1905. After the lumber and timber industry ranked in 1905 the manufacture of cotton-seed oil and cake ($4,939,919) and flour and grist milling.^ No less than nine hundred dollars ($900) and no more than five thousand dollars ($5,000) for the third or subsequent offense occurring within five (5) years of the first offense.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ (A)(i) For at least two (2) years but no more than ten (10) years for the fifth or subsequent offense occurring within five (5) years of the first offense or not less than two (2) years of community service and is guilty of a felony.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Comment from a visitor, June 15, 2003: " Total BUST - junk cars and dead blueberry plants - has obviously been out of business for a year or more.
  • Where to find pick your own farms / orchards in Arkansas for fruit, vegetable, pumpkin and Christmas trees 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.pickyourown.org [Source type: General]

 Cotton ginning increased 739% from 1890 to 1900.

Minerals

The progress of coal-mining has been a striking feature of the state's economy since 1880. The field extends from Oklahoma eastward to central Arkansas, along both sides of the Arkansas river. .A production of 5000 tons (short) in 1882 became 542,000 tons in 1891 and 2,229,172 tons in 1903a maximum for the state up to 1905; in 1907 the yield was 2,670,438 tons, valued at $4,473,693; the value of the product increased more than eight-fold in 1886-1900. The United States Geological Survey estimates that three-fourths of the coal area (over 1700 sq.^ No less than nine hundred dollars ($900) and no more than five thousand dollars ($5,000) for the third or subsequent offense occurring within five (5) years of the first offense.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ No less than one hundred fifty dollars ($150) and no more than one thousand dollars ($1,000) for the first offense; .
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ No less than five hundred dollars ($500) and not more than two thousand dollars ($2,000) for the third or subsequent offense occurring underage.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 m.) can made commercially productive. Apart from coal the great and varied mineral wealth of the state has been only slightly utilized. The great zinc and lead area along the northern border in the plateau portion of the Ozark region has proved a disappointment in development; the iron areas have hardly been touched, and the product of the exceptionally promising deposits of manganese lost ground after 1890 before ' For 1906 the Y earbook of the U. S. Department of Agriculture reported the following statistics for Arkansas: - Indian corn, 52,802,659 bu., valued at $24,817,207; oats 3,783,706 bu., valued at $1,589,157; wheat, 1,915,250 bu., valued at $1,436,438; rice, 131,440 bu., valued at $111,724; rye, 23,652 bu., valued at $29,632; potatoes, 1,666,960 bu., valued at $1,116,863; hay, 113,491 tons, valued at $1,123,561.
2 The special census of the manufacturing industry for 1905 was concerned only with the establishment conducted under the socalled " factory system "; for purposes of comparison the figures for 1900 have been reduced to the same standard, and this fact should be borne in mind with regard to the percentages of increase given above.
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the output of Virginia and Georgia. Among the products of the rich stone quarries of the state, only that of abrasive stones is important in the markets of the Union; the novaculites of Arkansas are among the finest whetstones in the world. Deposits of true chalk are utilized in the manufacture of Portland cement for local markets. The chalk region lies in the S. E. part of the state, S. of the Ouachita Mountains. Bauxite was discovered in the state in 1887, and the product increased from 5045 long tons in 1899 to 50,267 long tons in 1906, the production for the whole country in 1899 being 35,280 long tons and in 1906 7 5,33 2 long tons. The only other states in which bauxite was produced during the period were Alabama and Georgia, which in this respect have greatly declined in importance relatively to Arkansas. Extremely valuable and varied marls, kaolins and clays, fuller's earth, asphaltum and mineral waters show special promise in the state's industry. In 1906 diamonds were found in a peridotite dike in Pike county 22 m. S. E. of Murfreesboro; this is the first place in North America where diamonds have been found in situ, and not in glacial deposit or in river gravel.

Communications

The rivers afford for light craft (of not over 3 ft. draft) about 3000 m. of navigable waters, a river system unequalled in extent by that of any other state. The labours of the United States government have much extended and very greatly improved this navigation, materially lessening also the frequency and havoc of floods along the rich bottom-lands through which the rivers plough a tortuous way in the eastern and southern portions of the state. As a result of these improvements land and timber values have markedly risen, and great impetus has been given to traffic on the rivers, which carry a large part of the cotton, lumber, coal, stone, hay and miscellaneous freights of the state. The greatest of these internal improvements is the St Francis levee, from New Madrid, Missouri, to the mouth of the St Francis, 212 m. along the Mississippi; an area of 3500 sq. m., of exceptional fertility, is here reclaimed at a cost of about $1500 per sq. m. (as compared with $10,000 per sq. m. for the 2500 sq. m. reclaimed by the Nile works at Assuan and Assiut). Whether with regard to area or population, Arkansas is also relatively well supplied with railways (4,47 2.8 m. at the end of 1907). A state railway commission controls transportation rates, which are also somewhat checked by the competition of river freights. There is also a considerable passenger traffic on the Arkansas.
% Increase by decades.
Census
Total
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%Negro
Average
Total.
Whites.
Negroes.
Year.
Pop.
Pop.
Pop.
per sq. m.
1880
802 ,5 2 5
73.7
26.3
15.1
65.6
63.3
72.4
1890
1,128,211
72.6
27.4
21.3
40.6
38.4
46.6
1900
1,311,564
72.0
28 o
24.7
16.3
1 5.4
18.7

Population

The growth of population is shown by the following table: - In 1900 the rank of the state in total population was twenty-fifth, and in negro population tenth. The proportion of the coloured element steadily rose from 11% in 1820 to 28% in 1900, at which time there were more than a dozen counties along the border of the Mississippi and lower Arkansas in which the negroes numbered 50 to 89% of the total. They have never been a large element in the highland counties; it was these counties which were most strongly Unionist at the time of the Civil War, and which to-day are the region of diversified industry. About a ninth of the state's population is gathered into towns of more than 2000 inhabitants. Fort Smith (pop. 11,587 in 1900), Little Rock, the state capital (38,307), and Pine Bluff (11,496) lie in the valley of the Arkansas. In 1900 a dozen other towns had a population exceeding 2500, the most important being Hot Springs (9973), Helena (5550), Texarkana (4914), Jonesboro (4508), Fayetteville (4061), Eureka Springs (3572), Mena (3423) and Paragould (3324). Foreign blood has only very slightly permeated the state; negroes and native whites of native parents make up more than 95% of its population. Immigration is almost entirely from other southern states. The strongest religious sects are the Methodists and Baptists.

Government

The present constitution of the state dates from 1874 (with amendments). Few features mark it off from the usual type of such documents. The governor holds office for two years; he has the pardoning and veto power, but his veto may be overridden by a simple majority in each house of the whole number elected to that house (a provision unusual among the state constitutions of the Union). There is no lieutenantgovernor. The legislature is bicameral, senators holding office for four years, representatives (about thrice as numerous) for two. The length of the regular biennial legislative sessions is limited to sixty days, but by a vote of two-thirds of the members elected to each house the length of any session may be extended. Special sessions may be called by the governor. A majority of the members elected to each of the two houses suffices to propose a constitutional amendment, which the people may then accept by a mere majority of all votes cast at an election for the legislature (an unusually democratic provision); no more than three amendments, however, can be proposed or submitted at the same time. The supreme court has five members, elected by the people for eight years; they are re-eligible. The population of the state entitles it to seven representatives in the national House of Representatives, and to nine votes in the Electoral College (census of 1900). Elections of members of the state legislature and of Congress are not held at the same time - a very unusual provision. Elections are by Australian ballot; the constitution prescribes that no law shall " be enacted whereby the right to vote at any election shall be made to depend upon any previous registration of the elector's name " (extremely unusual). The qualifications for suffrage include one year's residence in the state, six months in the county, and one month in the voting district, next before election; idiots, insane persons, convicts, Indians not taxed, minors and women are disqualified; aliens who have declared their intention to become citizens of the United States vote on the same terms as actual citizens. An amendment of 1893 requires the exhibition of a poll-tax receipt by every voter (except those " who make satisfactory proof that they have attained the age of twenty-one years since the time of assessing taxes next preceding " the election). There is nothing in the constitution or laws of Arkansas with any apparent tendency to disfranchise the negroes; there are statutory provisions (1866-1867) against intermarriage of the races and constitutional and statutory (1886-1887) provisions for separate schools, a " Jim Crow " law (1891) requires railways to provide separate cars for negroes, and a law (1893) provides for separate railway waiting-rooms for negroes. Giving or accepting a challenge to a duel bars from office, but this survival of the ante-bellum social life is to-day only reminiscent. Declared atheists are similarly disqualified. There is no constitutional provisioli for a census. Marriage is pronounced a civil contract.
A law for compulsory education was passed in 1909.
==Finance== The constitution makes 1% on the assessed valuation of property a maximum limit of state taxation for ordinary expenses, but by an amendment of 1906 the legislature may levy three mills on the dollar per annum for common schools; and may " authorize school districts to levy by a vote of the qualified electors of such district a tax not to exceed seven mills on the dollar in any year for school purposes." The state debt in 1874 was $12,108,247, of which about $9,370,000 was incurred after the Civil War for internal improvement schemes. This new debt was practically repudiated in 1875 by a decision of the supreme court, and completely set aside in 1884 by constitutional amendment. Until 1900, when an adjustment of the matter was reached, there was also another disputed debt to the national government, owing to the collapse in 1839 of a so-called Real Estate Bank of Arkansas, in which the state had invested more than $500,000 paid to it by the United States in exchange for Arkansas bonds to be held as an investment for the Smithsonian Institution, on which bonds the state defaulted after 1839. If the unacknowledged debt be included (as it often is; and hence the necessity of reference to it), very few states - and those all western or southern - have a heavier burden per capita. But the acknowledged debt was in 1907 only $1,250,500, and this is. 11.18 a not a true debt, being a permanent school fund that is not to be paid off; of this total in 3% bonds, $1,134,500 is held by the common schools and $116,000 by the state university. In net combined state and local debt, Arkansas ranks very low among the states of the Union. The hired labourer suffers from the " truck " system, taking his pay in board and living, in goods, in trade on his employer's credit at the village store; the independent farmer suffers in his turn from unlimited credit at the same store, where he secures everything on the credit of his future crops; and if he is reduced to borrow money, he secures it by vesting the title to his property temporarily in his creditor. His legal protections under such " title bonds " are much slighter than under mortgages. Homesteads belonging to the head of a family and containing 80 to 160 acres (according to value) if in the country, or a lot of ¢ to one acre (according to value), if in town, village or city, are exempt from liability for debts, excepting liens for purchase money, improvements or taxes. A married man may not sell or mortgage a homestead without his wife's consent.

Education

The legal beginnings of a public school system date from 1843; in 1867 the first tax was imposed for its support. Only white children were regarded by the laws before Reconstruction days. There are now separate race schools, with terms of equal length, and offering like facilities; the number of white and coloured teachers employed is approximately in the same proportion to the number of attending children of the respective races; in negro districts two out of three school directors are usually negroes. " The coloured race as a whole go to the schools as regularly and as numerously in proportion as do the whites " (Shinn). Of the current expenses of the common schools about three-fourths is borne by the localities; the state distributes its contribution annually among the counties. There is also a permanent school fund derived wholly from land grants from the national government. The total expenditure for the schools is creditable to the state; but before 1909 hardly half the school population attended; and in general the rural conditions of the state, the shortness of the school terms and the dependence of the schools primarily upon local funds and local supervision, make the schools of inadequate and quite varying excellence. The average expenditure in 1906 for tuition per child enrolled was $4.93, and the average length of the school term was only eighty-one days. In June 1906 there were 110 2 school houses in the state valued at $100 or less. In 1905-1906 the Peabody Board gave $2000 to aid rural schools, and in general it has done much for the improvement of country public schools throughout the state. In 1906 an amendment to the state constitution, greatly increasing the tax resources available for educational work, was passed by a large popular vote. The University of Arkansas was opened at Fayetteville in 187 2. The law and medical faculties are at Little Rock. A branch 'normal school, established 1873-1875 at Pine Bluff, provides for coloured students, who enjoy the same opportunities for work, and are accorded the same degrees, as the students at Fayetteville; they are about a fourth as numerous. In 1905-1906 there were 497 students in the college of liberal arts, sciences and engineering, 548 in the preparatory school and 26 in the conservatory of music and arts, all in Fayetteville; 171 in the medical school and 46 in the law school in Little Rock; and 240 in the branch normal college at Pine Bluff. The university and the normal school are supported by the Morrill Fund and by state appropriations. The state still suffered in 1906 from the lack of a separate and special training school for teachers; but in 1907 the legislature voted to establish a state normal school. Of the Morrill Fund (see Morrill, Justin Smith), three-elevenths goes to the normal school. The agricultural experiment station of the university dates from 1887. The financial support of the university has been light, about three-fifths coming from the United States government. Besides the university there are about a score of denominational colleges or academies, of which half-a-dozen are for coloured students. Among the large denominational colleges are Philander Smith College, Little Rock (Methodist Episcopal, 1877); Ouachita College, Arkadelphia (Baptist, 1886); Hendrix College, Conway (Methodist Episcopal, South, 1884); and Arkansas College, Batesville (Presbyterian, 1872). There are few libraries in Arkansas. In this matter her showing has long been among the very poorest in the Union relatively to her population. Daily papers are few in number. The state charitable institutions - insane asylum, deaf-mute and blind institutes - and the penitentiary, are at Little Rock.
Local government is of the ordinary southern county type, without noteworthy variations. Municipal corporations rest upon a general state law, not upon individual charters. The liquor question is left by the state to county (i.e. including " local," or town) option, and prohibition is the most common county law, the alternative being high-licence.

History

The first settlement by Europeans in Arkansas was made in 1686 by the French at Arkansas Post (later the residence of the French and Spanish governors, important as a trading post in the earlier days of the ,American occupation, and the first territorial capital, 1819-1820). In 1720 a grant on the Arkansas was made to John Law. In 1762 the territory passed to Spain, in 1780 back to France, and in 1803 to the United States as a part of the " Louisiana Purchase." Save in the beginnings of western frontier trade, and in a great mass of litigation left to the courts of later years by the curious and uncertain methods of land delimitation that prevailed among the French and Spanish colonists, the pre-American period of occupation has slight connexions with the later period, and scant historical importance.
.From 1804 to 1812 what is now Arkansas was part of the district (and then the territory) of Louisiana, and from 1812 to 1819 of the territory of Missouri.^ Now you can use our search function to see who in Arkansas has the part, and go straight to them.
  • Salvage Yards near Arkansas - Locate quality Junkyards and recyclers from AR 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arkansassalvageyards.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 Its earliest county organizations date from this time. It was erected successively into a territory of the first and second class by acts of Congress of the 2nd of March 1819 and the 21st of April 1820. By act of the 15th of June 1836 it was admitted into the Union as a slave state.
There is little of general interest in the history of ante-bellum days. Economic life centred in the slave plantation, and there was remarkable development up to the Civil War. The decade 1819-1829 saw the first newspaper (1819), the beginning of steamboating on Arkansas rivers, and the first weekly mail from the east. Trade was largely confined to the rivers and freighting for Sante Fe and Salt Lake before the war, but the first railway entered the state in 1853. Social life was sluggish in some ways and wild in others. An unhappy propensity to duelling, the origin in Arkansas of the bowie-knife, - from an alleged use of which Arkansas received the nickname, which it has always retained, of the " toothpick state," - and other backwoods associations gave the state a reputation which to some extent has survived in spite of many years of sober history. The questions of the conduct of territorial affairs do not seem to have been contested systematically on national party lines until about 1825. The government of Arkansas before the Civil War was always in the hands of a few families closely intermarried. From the beginning the state has been unswervingly Democratic, save in the Reconstruction years, though often with heavy Whig or Republican minorities.
In February 1861 the people of Arkansas voted to hold a convention to consider the state of public affairs. The convention assembled on the 4th of March. Secession resolutions were defeated, and it was voted to submit to the people the question whether there should be " co-operation " through the Lincoln government, or " secession." The plan was endorsed of holding a convention of all the states to settle the slavery question, and delegates were chosen to the proposed Border State Convention that was to meet at Frankfort, Kentucky, on the 27th of May. Then came the fall of Fort Sumter and the proclamation of President Lincoln calling for troops to put down rebellion. The governor of Arkansas curtly refused its quota. A quick surge of ill-feeling, all the bitterer on account of the divided sentiments of the people, chilled loyalty to the Union. The convention reassembled on call of the governor, and on the 6th of May, with a single dissentient voice, passed an ordinance of secession. It then repealed its former vote submitting the question of secession to the people. On the 16th of May Arkansas became one of the Confederate States of America.
In the years of war that followed, a very large proportion of the able-bodied men of the state served in the armies of the Confederacy; several regiments, some of coloured troops, served the Union. Union sentiment was strongest in the north. In 1862-1863 various victories threw more than half the state, mainly the north and east, under the Federal arms. Accordingly, under a proclamation of the president, citizens within the conquered districts were authorized to renew allegiance to the Union, and a special election was ordered for March 186 4, to reorganize the state government. But meanwhile, a convention of delegates chosen mainly at polls opened at the army posts, assembled in January 1864, abolished slavery, repudiated secession and the secession war debt, and revised in minor details the constitution of 1836, restricting the suffrage to whites. This new fundamental law was promptly adopted by the people, i.e. by its friends, who alone voted. But the representatives of Arkansas under this constitutionwere never admitted to Congress.
The Federal and Confederate forces controlled at this time different parts of the state; there was some ebb and flow of military fortune in 1864, and for a short time two rival governments. Chaotic conditions followed the war. The fifteenth legislature (April 1864 to April 1865) ratified the Thirteenth Amendment, and passed laws against " bush-whacking," a term used in the Civil War for guerilla warfare, especially as carried on by pretended neutrals. Local militia, protecting none who refused to join in the common defence, and all serving " not as soldiers but as farmers mutually pledged to protect each other from the depredations of outlaws who infest the state," strove to secure such public order as was necessary to the gathering of crops, so as "to prevent the starvation of the citizens" (governor's circular, 1865). Struggling in these difficulties, the government of the state was upset by the first Reconstruction Act. The governor in these years (1865-1868) was a Republican, the caster of the single Union vote in the convention of 1861; but the sixteenth legislature (1866-1867) was largely Democratic. It undertook to determine the rights of persons of African descent, and regrettable conflicts followed. The first Reconstruction Act having declared that " no legal state government or adequate protection for life or property " existed in the " rebel states," Arkansas was included in one of the military districts established by Congress.
A registration of voters, predominantly whites, was at once carried through, and delegates were chosen for another constitutional convention, which met at Little Rock in January 1868. The secessionist element was voluntarily or perforce excluded. This convention ratified the Fourteenth Amendment, and framed the third constitution of the state, which was adopted by a small majority at a popular election, marred by various irregularities, in March 1868. By its provisions negroes secured full political rights, and all whites who had been excluded from registration for the election of delegates to the convention were now practically stripped of political privileges. The organization of Arkansas being now acceptable to Congress, a bill admitting it to the Union was passed over President Johnson's veto, and on the 22nd of June 1868 the admission was consummated.
Arkansas now became for several years Republican, and suffered considerably from the rule of the " carpet-baggers." The debt of the state was increased about $9,375,000 from 1868 to 187 4, largely for railroad and levee schemes; much of the money was misappropriated, and in a case involving the payment of railway aid bonds the action of the legislature in pledging the credit of the state was held nugatory by the state supreme court in 1875 on the ground that, contrary to the constitution, the bond issue had never been referred to popular vote. An amendment to the constitution approved by a popular vote in 1884 provided that the General Assembly should " have no power to levy any tax, or make any appropriation, to pay " any of the bonds issued by legislative action in 1868, 1869 and 1871. The current expenses of the state in the years of Reconstruction were also enormously increased. The climax of the Reconstruction period was the socalled Baxter-Brooks war.
Elisha Baxter (1827-1899) was the regular Republican candidate for governor in 1872. He was opposed by a disaffected Republican faction known as " brindletails," or, as they called themselves, "reformers," led by Joseph Brooks (1821-1877), and supported by the Democrats. Baxter was irregularly elected. The election was contested, and his choice was confirmed by the legislature, the court of last resort in such cases. He soon showed a willingness to rule as a non-partisan, and favoured the re-enfranchisement of white citizens. This would have put the Democrats again in power, and they rallied to Baxter, while the Brooks party now assumed the name of " regulars," and received the support of the " carpet-bag " and negro elements. After Baxter had been a year in office Brooks received a judgment of ouster against him from a state circuit judge, and got possession of the public buildings (April 1874). The state flew to arms. The legislature called for Federal intervention (May 1874), and Federal troops maintained neutrality while investigations were conducted by a committee sent out by Congress. As a result, President Grant pronounced for Baxter, and the Brooks forces disbanded.
The chief result was another convention. In 1873 the article of the constitution which had disfranchised the whites was repealed, and the Democrats thus regained power. By an overwhelming majority the people now voted for another convention, which (July to October 1874) framed the present constitution. It removed all disfranchisement, and embraced equitable amnesty and exemption features. It also took away all patronage from the governor, reduced his term to two years, forbade him to proclaim martial law or suspend the writ of habeas corpus, and abolished all registration laws: all these provisions being reflections of Reconstruction struggles. The people ratified the new constitution on the 1 3 th of October 1874. After Reconstruction the state again became Democratic, and the main interest of its history has been the progress of economic development.
James Miller' .
1819-1825
George Izard .
1825-1828
John Pope 2 .
.
1829-1835
William S. Fulton .
.
1835-1836
State.
James S. Conway .
1836-1840
Democrat
Archibald Yell' .
1840-1844
))
Thomas S. Drew' .
1844-1849
))
John S. Roane .
1849-1852
Elias N. Conway
1852-1860
Henry M. Rector s .
1860-1862
Harris Flannigan'
1862-1865
))
Isaac Murphy' .
1864-1868
Republican
C. H. Smith' .
1867-1868
))
Powell Clayton .
1868-1871
Ozra A. Hadley 9 .
.
1871-1873
))
Elisha Baxter .
1-1874
87
August H. Garland
1874-1877
Dem'o'crat
William R. Miller .
1877-1881
Thomas J. Churchill
1881-1883
James H. Berry .
1883-1885
Simon P. Hughes .
1885-1889
James P. Eagle .
1889-1893
The following is a list of the territorial and state governors of Arkansas: - Territorial. 1 During this period Robert Crittenden, the secretary of the territory, was frequently the acting governor.
2 Robert Crittenden was acting governor in 1828-1829.
Samuel Adams was acting governor from the 29th of April to the 9th of November 1844.
R. C. Byrd was acting governor from the 11th, of January to the 19th of April 1849.
Thomas Fletcher was acting governor from the 4th to the 15th of November 1862.
' Confederate governor.
Union governor.
8 United States military (sub) governor.
9 Acting governor.
William M. Fishback 1893-1895 Democrat James P. Clarke. 1895-1897 Daniel W. Jones 1897-1901 Jefferson Davis 1901-1907 John S. Little. 1907-1908 X. O. Pindall, Acting Gov.. 1908 George W. Donaghey.. 1909

Bibliography

. - Information regarding the resources, climate, population and industries of Arkansas should be sought in the volumes of the United States Census, United States Department of Agriculture and the United States Geological Survey (for the last two there are various bibliographical guides); consult also the publications of the Arkansas (Agricultural) Experiment Station (at Fayetteville), the reports of the state horticulturist, the biennial reports of the state treasurer, of the auditor, and of the Bureau of Mines, Manufactures and Agriculture (all published at Little Rock).
The constitutional documents may best be consulted in the latest compiled Statutes of the state. See also J. H. Shinn, Education in Arkansas (U.S. Bur. of Education, 1900); W. F. Pope, Early Days in Arkansas (Little Rock, 1895); and F. Hempstead, Pictorial History of Arkansas (St Louis, 1890). Similar to the last in popular character, vast in bulk and loose in method, are a series of Biographical and Pictorial Histories, covering the different sections of the state (1 vol. by J. Hallum, Albany, 188; four others compiled anonymously, Chicago, 1889-1891). For the Reconstruction period see especially the Poland Report in House Rp. No. 2, 43 Cong. 2 Sess., vol. i. (1874), and John M. Harrell's The Brooks and Baxter War: A History of the Reconstruction Period in Arkansas (St Louis, Missouri, 1893), which is frankly in favour of Baxter; also a paper by B. S. Johnson in vol. ii. (1908) of the Publications of the Arkansas Historical Association.


Wiktionary

Up to date as of January 14, 2010

Definition from Wiktionary, a free dictionary

Map of US highlighting Arkansas

Contents

English

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Etymology

EB1911A-pict1.png This entry lacks etymological information. .If you are familiar with the origin of this word, please add it to the page as described here.^ To Add A Haunted Place Click Here For Private Residences, please submit to Personal Experiences .
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]

Pronunciation

Proper noun

Singular
Arkansas
Plural
-
Arkansas
  1. A state of the United States of America. Postal code: AR, capital: Little Rock.

Derived terms

  • Arkansasan
  • Arkansasian

Translations

US state

See also

Anagrams

Polish

Pronunciation

  • IPA: [ˈarkãz̪as̪] or [arˈkãz̪as̪]

Proper noun

Arkansas m. (indeclinable)
  1. Arkansas (state)

Proper noun

Arkansas f. or m. (indeclinable)
  1. Arkansas (river)

Vietnamese

Proper noun

Arkansas
  1. Arkansas

Genealogy

Up to date as of February 01, 2010

From Familypedia

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State of Arkansas
Flag of Arkansas State seal of Arkansas
Flag of Arkansas SealImage:Wp_globe_tiny.gif
Nickname(s)Image:Wp_globe_tiny.gif: The Natural State (current),
The Land of Opportunity (former)
Motto(s)Image:Wp_globe_tiny.gif: Regnat Populus (The People Rule)
Map of the United States with Arkansas highlighted
Official language(s)Image:Wp_globe_tiny.gif English
CapitalImage:Wp_globe_tiny.gif Little Rock
Largest cityImage:Wp_globe_tiny.gif Little Rock
Largest metro areaImage:Wp_globe_tiny.gif Little Rock Metropolitan Area
AreaImage:Wp_globe_tiny.gif  Ranked 29thImage:Wp_globe_tiny.gif
 - Total 53,179 sq miImage:Wp_globe_tiny.gif
(137,002 km²Image:Wp_globe_tiny.gif)
 - Width 239 miles (385 kmImage:Wp_globe_tiny.gif)
 - Length 261 miles (420 km)
 - % water 2.09
 - Latitude 33° 00′ N to 36° 30′ N
 - Longitude 89° 39′ W to 94° 37′ W
PopulationImage:Wp_globe_tiny.gif  Ranked 32ndImage:Wp_globe_tiny.gif
 - Total (2000Image:Wp_globe_tiny.gif) 2,673,400
 - DensityImage:Wp_globe_tiny.gif 51.34/sq mi 
19.82/km² (34th)
ElevationImage:Wp_globe_tiny.gif  
 - Highest point Mount Magazine[1]
2,753 ft  (840 m)
 - Mean 650 ft  (198 m)
 - Lowest point Ouachita River[1]
55 ft  (17 m)
Admission to UnionImage:Wp_globe_tiny.gif  June 15, 1836 (25th)
GovernorImage:Wp_globe_tiny.gif Mike Beebe (D)
U.S. SenatorsImage:Wp_globe_tiny.gif Blanche Lincoln (D)
Mark Pryor (D)
Congressional DelegationImage:Wp_globe_tiny.gif ListImage:Wp_globe_tiny.gif
Time zoneImage:Wp_globe_tiny.gif Central: UTC-6/DST-5
Abbreviations ARImage:Wp_globe_tiny.gif Ark.Image:Wp_globe_tiny.gif US-ARImage:Wp_globe_tiny.gif
Web site www.arkansas.gov
This article is about the U.S. State. For other uses, see Arkansas (disambiguation).
.
Arkansas (IPA: /ˈɑɹkn̩ˌsɑː/) (are-can-saw) is a state located in the southern region of the United States of America.^ The Crater of Diamonds State Park, located in Murfreesboro, Arkansas, is the only place in the nation where you can dig for diamonds and keep what you find.

 ^ The 25 stars indicate that Arkansas was the 25th state admitted to the United States.

 ^ In addition to Arkansas, they own nuclear power plants in two other southern States: Louisiana (Waterford ) and Mississippi (Grand Gulf).
  • State Nuclear Industry - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.eia.doe.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Arkansas shares a border with six states, with its eastern border largely defined by the Mississippi River.^ The large star above ARKANSAS symbolizes the Confederacy which Arkansas was a part of from 1861 1865, and the diamond formed by the 25 stars represent Arkansas as the only diamond producing state in the Union.

 ^ At the time of the early French exploration, a tribe of Indians, the Quapaws, lived west of the Mississippi and north of the Arkansas River.
  • The State of Arkansas - An Introduction to the Natural State from NETSTATE.COM 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.netstate.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ The three large stars in the center stand for the three nations that have ruled Arkansas: Spain, France and the United States.

 .Its diverse geography ranges from the mountainous regions of the Ozarks and the Ouachita Mountains, which make up the U.S. Interior Highlands, to the eastern lowlands along the Mississippi River.^ Situated in the Arkansas foothills of the Ozark Mountains, Fairfield Bay makes it easy for visitors to abandon their everyday worries.

 ^ Organized around five regions--the Delta, or Mississippi Alluvial Plain, in the eastern lowlands; the Coastal Plain, which extends south through Texas; the Arkansas River Valley, slicing through the state's two highlands; the Ouachitas, the west central highland; and the Ozarks, a northern mountain range older than the Rockies--this roadside history explores the forces that drove the ebb and flow of Arkansas's past.
  • The State of Arkansas - An Introduction to the Natural State from NETSTATE.COM 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.netstate.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ In the Mississippi River Alluvial Plain, heavy spring rains will bring out the plump and boisterous ', BGCOLOR, '', BORDERWIDTH, '0', PADDING, '0')" onmouseout="UnTip()"> Eastern Spadefoot .

 .The capital and most populous city is Little Rock, located in the central portion of the state.^ LITTLE ROCK — Former state Rep.
  • Arkansas News | Your Source For Everything Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC arkansasnews.com [Source type: News]

 ^ North Little Rock (city) .
  • Arkansas QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC quickfacts.census.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Tech students have borrowing priveleges at every library in the ArkLink consortia, including the University of Arkansas in Fayettville, the University of Central Arkansas in Conway, and the University of Arkansas in Little Rock.
  • Pendergraft Library: Arkansas Tech University Library 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC library.atu.edu [Source type: Academic]
The name Arkansas is a French pronunciation of a Quapaw word meaning "land of downriver people". The pronunciation "arkansaw" was made official by an act of the state legislature in 1881.

Contents

Geography

See also: List of Arkansas counties, List of cities in Arkansas, List of Arkansas townships, and List of Arkansas native plants
The Mississippi River forms most of Arkansas' eastern border, except in Clay and Greene counties where the St. Francis River forms the western boundary of the Missouri Bootheel, and in dozens of places where the current channel of the Mississippi has meandered from where it had last been legally specified.[2] .Arkansas shares its southern border with Louisiana, its northern border with Missouri, its eastern border with Tennessee and Mississippi, and its western border with Texas and Oklahoma.^ Though it is largely set in the foothills of southern Arkansas, there is little about the book that would change had it been titled Alabama or Tennessee instead.
  • McSweeney's Internet Tendency: About John Brandon's Arkansas. 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.mcsweeneys.net [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Save Show Preview Show Map http://maps.google.com/staticmap?markers=34.7486563,-92.3542193,midbluea&key=ABQIAAAArhGEJy9AwFx3JfSpQ_2dPhQk3_TW9dDYXykzeLPx4nHF76L4JRS9eO9dhVdXzxsPSb6oxw3nafNVUA Education: University of Arkansas School of Law, Fayetteville Jurisdictions: Arkansas , Missouri , Oklahoma , Pennsylvania , Tennessee , Texas .
  • Arkansas Attorney Profiles - AR Lawyers - Cornell LII Lawyer Directory 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC lawyers.law.cornell.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Texarkana, Texas since 2001 and plan to build a 76-room Best Western in the Crossroads Business Park on the Arkansas side by early 2009.
  • City of Texarkana, Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.txkusa.org [Source type: General]
.Arkansas is a land of mountains and valleys, thick forests and fertile plains.^ Arkansas, officially "The Natural State", is a state of mountains, valleys, dense woodland and fertile plains.
  • The State of Arkansas - An Introduction to the Natural State from NETSTATE.COM 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.netstate.com [Source type: Original source]

 .Northwest Arkansas is part of the Ozark Plateau including the Boston Mountains, to the south are the Ouachita Mountains and these regions are divided by the Arkansas River; the southern and eastern parts of Arkansas are called the Lowlands.^ A small rock formation on the southern bank of the Arkansas River was used as a landmark by French explorers in the early 1700s.
  • Arkansas solar power and solar energy rebates, tax credits, and incentives. Cost breakdown for photovoltaic panels and solar water heaters 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.solarpowerrocks.com [Source type: General]

 ^ We spend winters at home in south Arkansas and summers in the mountains in Colorado.
  • Arkansas Secretary of State Presents: Vote Naturally | Are you ready to be heard? | Registraion 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.votenaturally.org [Source type: General]

 ^ Baxter Regional Medical Center - Mountain Home , Arkansas .
  • Arkansas Hospitals and Medical Centers � AR 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theagapecenter.com [Source type: Academic]

 .All of these mountains ranges are part of the U.S. Interior Highlands region, the only major mountainous region between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachian Mountains.^ For the most part these calculators assume that all of the children will primarily live with one parent.
  • Arkansas Child Support Calculator - AllLaw.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.alllaw.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Rosson, James F., Jr. Temporal forest-stand dynamics on the interior highland of Arkansas between 1968 and 1995.
  • SRS - Forest Inventory and Analysis-4801 - Welcome! 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC srsfia2.fs.fed.us [Source type: Academic]

 [3][4]
The so-called Lowlands are better known by names of their two regions, the Delta and the Grand Prairie. The Arkansas Delta is a flat landscape of rich alluvial soils formed by repeated flooding of the adjacent Mississippi. .Further away from the river, in the southeast portion of the state, the Grand Prairie consists of a more undulating landscape.^ Soon after, thousands of acres of the Grand Prairie were changed to cultivate rice, and Arkansas became the leading producer of the grain in the United States.
  • The State of Arkansas - An Introduction to the Natural State from NETSTATE.COM 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.netstate.com [Source type: Original source]

 Both are fertile agricultural areas.
.The Delta region is bisected by an unusual geological formation known as Crowley's Ridge.^ Crowley Ridge Regional Library System .

 .A narrow band of rolling hills, Crowley's Ridge rises from 250 to 500 feet above the surrounding alluvial plain and underlies many of the major towns of eastern Arkansas.^ In the Mississippi River Alluvial Plain, heavy spring rains will bring out the plump and boisterous ', BGCOLOR, '', BORDERWIDTH, '0', PADDING, '0')" onmouseout="UnTip()"> Eastern Spadefoot .
Buffalo National River, one of many attractions that give the state's nickname The Natural State.
.Arkansas is home to many caves, such as Blanchard Springs Caverns.^ The state is widely popular for its caves, one such popular one is Blanchard Springs Caverns.

 It is also the first U.S. state in which diamonds were found[5] (near Murfreesboro).
.Arkansas is home to many areas protected by the National Park System.^ Check back to Point2 Homes for Arkansas area homes for sale, condos, new homes, and neighborhood information, or consult one of the Point2 Homes Neighborhood Expert pages featured throughout the site.
  • Arkansas Real Estate, Arkansas Homes for Sale, MLS Listings 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC homes.point2.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Point2 Homes is your gateway to Arkansas area homes for sale.
  • Arkansas Real Estate, Arkansas Homes for Sale, MLS Listings 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC homes.point2.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Arkansas Medicaid Nursing Home 2010 Eligibility Rules and Asset Protection MedicaidHelp.com Arkansas .
  • Arkansas Medicaid Nursing Home 2010 Eligibility Rules and Asset Protection 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC medicaidhelp.com [Source type: General]

 These include:
The Trail of Tears National Historic Trail also runs through Arkansas.

Climate

.Arkansas generally has a humid subtropical climate, which borders on humid continental in some northern highland areas.^ Here are some of the practitioners for Arkansas Arkansas BEST™ BioMeridian Practitioners: Please call contact below to find BioMeridian practitioners in your area or closeby.
  • Arkansas State Exemption Information 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.vaclib.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .While not bordering the Gulf of Mexico, Arkansas is still close enough to this warm, large body of water for it to be the main weather influence in the state.^ Under the State of Arkansas's Inclement Weather Policy, State operations will be delayed two hours Monday morning due to icy conditions in parts of Central Arkansas.
  • Arkansas - LeftyBlogs.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.leftyblogs.com [Source type: News]

 ^ A penalty prescribed in this subchapter for underage driving under the influence is in addition to any other penalty prescribed by law for the offense under another law of the State of Arkansas.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Sooner than Kyle and Swin can recognize how close to paradise they are, in this neglected state park in southern Arkansas, the lazy peace is shattered with a shot.
  • McSweeney's Internet Tendency: About John Brandon's Arkansas. 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.mcsweeneys.net [Source type: Original source]

 Generally, Arkansas has very hot, humid summers and mild, slightly drier winters. .In Little Rock, the daily high temperatures average around 90 °F (32 °C) in the summer and close to 50 °F (10 °C) in winter.^ North Little Rock - Oak Grove High School - Reports include hearing people talking and screaming, as well as seeing shadows.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]

 ^ North Little Rock - North Little Rock High School - West Campus/Ole Main - A popular football player died in a car crash.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]

 .Annual precipitation throughout the state averages between about 40 and 60 inches (1,000 to 1,500 mm); somewhat wetter in the south and drier in the northern part of the state.^ Today, the State Capitol of Little Rock is the most populous city in Arkansas, with about 204,000 residents living in the city and about 650,000 in the greater metropolitan area.
  • Arkansas solar power and solar energy rebates, tax credits, and incentives. Cost breakdown for photovoltaic panels and solar water heaters 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.solarpowerrocks.com [Source type: General]

 ^ These states saw their divorce rates decrease by an average of 8 percent between 2003 and 2008.
  • Arkansas Times 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arktimes.com [Source type: General]

 ^ There are over 225 YouthBuild programs in the United States, with a total capacity of about 8,000 students yearly, and there are similar programs underway in Mexico, China and South Africa.
  • City of Texarkana, Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.txkusa.org [Source type: General]

 [6] .Snowfall is not uncommon, but certainly not excessive in most years as the average snowfall is around 5 inches (13 cm).^ On average, there are 217 sunny days per year in Arkansas, AR. The July high is around 92 degrees.
  • Arkansas, Arkansas (AR) - Sperling's BestPlaces 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.bestplaces.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Average usage is 13,584 kWh/year.
  • Arkansas solar power and solar energy rebates, tax credits, and incentives. Cost breakdown for photovoltaic panels and solar water heaters 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.solarpowerrocks.com [Source type: General]

 ^ The average US city gets 25 inches of snow per year.
  • Arkansas, Arkansas (AR) - Sperling's BestPlaces 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.bestplaces.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 [7]
Despite its subtropical climate, Arkansas is known for occasional extreme weather. .Between both the Great Plains and the Gulf States, Arkansas receives around 60 days of thunderstorms.^ On average, there are 217 sunny days per year in Arkansas, AR. The July high is around 92 degrees.
  • Arkansas, Arkansas (AR) - Sperling's BestPlaces 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.bestplaces.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ VaccineTruth.net/letters/Arkansas Exemption letter (applying for state issued exemption).doc (.doc) VaccineTruth.net/letters/AFFIDAVIT for Arkansas Older Child.doc Both letters are available in WordPerfect (.wpd) format.
  • Arkansas State Exemption Information 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.vaclib.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ In addition to Arkansas, they own nuclear power plants in two other southern States: Louisiana (Waterford ) and Mississippi (Grand Gulf).
  • State Nuclear Industry - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.eia.doe.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .As a part of Tornado Alley, tornadoes are not an uncommon occurrence in Arkansas, and a few of the most destructive tornadoes in U.S. history have struck the state.^ Today, the State Capitol of Little Rock is the most populous city in Arkansas, with about 204,000 residents living in the city and about 650,000 in the greater metropolitan area.
  • Arkansas solar power and solar energy rebates, tax credits, and incentives. Cost breakdown for photovoltaic panels and solar water heaters 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.solarpowerrocks.com [Source type: General]

 ^ As with most states, Arkansas has initiated a number of loan programs and other initiatives that reward energy efficiency in residential and commercial construction.
  • Arkansas solar power and solar energy rebates, tax credits, and incentives. Cost breakdown for photovoltaic panels and solar water heaters 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.solarpowerrocks.com [Source type: General]

 .While being sufficiently away from the coast to be safe from a direct hit from a hurricane, Arkansas can often get the remnants of a tropical system which dumps tremendous amounts of rain in a short time and often spawns smaller tornadoes.^ The turn out was extremely successful especially considering the short amount of time given to plan the event.
  • City of Texarkana, Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.txkusa.org [Source type: General]
Monthly Normal High and Low Temperatures For Various Arkansas Cities
City Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Fort Smith 48/28 55/33 64/41 73/49 80/59 88/67 93/71 93/70 85/63 75/50 61/40 51/31
Little Rock 50/31 56/35 64/43 73/50 81/59 89/68 93/72 92/70 85/64 75/52 62/42 52/34
[2]

History

See main article History of Arkansas.
The first European to reach Arkansas was the Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto at the end of the 16th century. Arkansas is one of several U.S. states formed from the territory purchased from Napoleon Bonaparte in the Louisiana Purchase. .The early Spanish or French explorers of the state gave it its name, which is probably a phonetic spelling for the Illinois word for the Quapaw people, who lived downriver from them [8].^ In Kyle's own words, "Maybe it was only people who wanted things, who felt guilty about getting things and frustrated about not getting things, who needed a philosophy."
  • McSweeney's Internet Tendency: About John Brandon's Arkansas. 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.mcsweeneys.net [Source type: Original source]

 .Other Native American nations that lived in Arkansas prior to westward movement were the Quapaw, Caddo, and Osage nations.^ National Council on Independent Living Independent living centers in Arkansas Americans with Disabilities Act Economy .
  • Arkansas, Arkansas (AR) - Sperling's BestPlaces 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.bestplaces.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 While moving westward, the Five Civilized Tribes inhabited Arkansas during its territorial period.
.The Territory of Arkansaw[9] was organized on July 4, 1819, and on June 15, 1836, the State of Arkansas was admitted to the Union as the 25th state and the 13th slave state.^ He is admitted to practice before all state and federal courts in Arkansas, as well as the Supreme Court of the United States, and he handles cases from the entire state.
  • Arkansas Attorney Profiles - AR Lawyers - Cornell LII Lawyer Directory 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC lawyers.law.cornell.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Arkansas played a key role in aiding Texas in its war for independence with Mexico, sending troops and materials to Texas to help fight the war. .The proximity of the city of Washington to the Texas border involved the town in the Texas Revolution of 1835-36. Some evidence suggests Sam Houston and his compatriots planned the revolt in a tavern at Washington in 1834.[10] When the fighting began a stream of volunteers from Arkansas and the eastern states flowed through the town toward the Texas battle fields.^ Arkansas is an Implied Consent state and you are considered to be breaking the law if you refuse to submit to a field sobriety test.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Baker also pledged to work toward repealing any health care reform passed by Congress, as some uber-teabaggers have suggested .
  • Arkansas Times 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arktimes.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Click pictures to enlarge The City of Texarkana Arkansas would like to thank all the organizations and individuals on both sides of the state line for volunteering their time and donating their money to the Christmas food and toy drive.
  • City of Texarkana, Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.txkusa.org [Source type: General]
When the Mexican-American War began in 1846, Washington became a rendezvous for volunteer troops. Governor Thomas S. Drew issued a proclamation calling on the state to furnish one regiment of cavalry and one battalion of infantry to join the United States Army. Ten companies of men assembled here where they were formed into the first Regiment of Arkansas Cavalry.
.Arkansas refused to join the Confederate States of America until after United States President Abraham Lincoln called for troops to respond to the attack on Fort Sumter, South Carolina, by Confederate forces.^ Arkansas is an Implied Consent state and you are considered to be breaking the law if you refuse to submit to a field sobriety test.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ He is admitted to practice before all state and federal courts in Arkansas, as well as the Supreme Court of the United States, and he handles cases from the entire state.
  • Arkansas Attorney Profiles - AR Lawyers - Cornell LII Lawyer Directory 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC lawyers.law.cornell.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ There are over 225 YouthBuild programs in the United States, with a total capacity of about 8,000 students yearly, and there are similar programs underway in Mexico, China and South Africa.
  • City of Texarkana, Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.txkusa.org [Source type: General]

 .The State of Arkansas seceded from the Union on May 6, 1861. While not often cited in history, the state was the scene of numerous small-scale battles during the American Civil War.^ Pea Ridge Military Park is 4300 acres that preserves the site of the 1862 Civil War battle.

 ^ During the Civil War, a very wealthy family lived there.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]

 .Arkansans of note during the Civil War include Confederate Major General Patrick Cleburne.^ Her practice is evolving and includes general civil and appellate litigation.
  • Arkansas Attorney Profiles - AR Lawyers - Cornell LII Lawyer Directory 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC lawyers.law.cornell.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ During the Civil War, a very wealthy family lived there.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]

 Considered by many to be one of the most brilliant Confederate division commanders of the war, Cleburne is often referred to as The Stonewall of the West. Also of note is Major General Thomas C. Hindman. A former United States Representative, Hindman commanded Confederate forces at the Battle of Cane Hill and Battle of Prairie Grove.
Under the Military Reconstruction Act, Congress readmitted Arkansas in June 1868.
.In 1874, the Brooks-Baxter War shook Little Rock and the state governorship which was finally settled when Grant ordered that Joseph Brooks disperse his militant supporters[11].^ Little Rock - Old State House - Thought to be haunted by various politicians.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]
.In 1881, the Arkansas state legislature enacted a bill that adopted an official pronunciation, to combat a controversy then raging around the proper pronunciation of the state's name.^ Arkadelphia - Henderson State University - Arkansas Hall - A ghost named Simon haunts the theater.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]

 ^ Rotary club search Nonprofit groups Lions clubs in Arkansas Kiwanis clubs in Arkansas Foundations (by name) Community foundations (by state) Arkansas Chambers of Commerce Parks & recreation .
  • Arkansas, Arkansas (AR) - Sperling's BestPlaces 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.bestplaces.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Request a Free Consultation with a Arkansas DWI Attorney Full Name (*) Phone Number (*) State Arrested In (*) Alabama .
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 (See Law and Government below).
After the case Brown v. .Topeka Board of Education in 1957, the Little Rock Nine incident again brought Arkansas to national attention when the Federal government was forced to again interfere in the Arkansan capital.^ Little Rock deals Cannongate Addition deals Yocana deals Rea Valley deals Brockwell deals South Crossett deals Satuma deals Remmel deals Tichnor deals Nodena deals See all arkansas Deals .
  • arkansas Vacations, arkansas Hotels, arkansas Travel - AOL Travel 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC travel.aol.com [Source type: News]

 ^ West 65th Street Little Rock, Arkansas 72209 .
  • U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.hud.gov [Source type: News]

 ^ Save Show Preview Show Map http://maps.google.com/staticmap?markers=34.5645371,-92.5868280,midbluea&key=ABQIAAAArhGEJy9AwFx3JfSpQ_2dPhQk3_TW9dDYXykzeLPx4nHF76L4JRS9eO9dhVdXzxsPSb6oxw3nafNVUA Education: University of Arkansas - Little Rock Jurisdictions: Arkansas .
  • Arkansas Attorney Profiles - AR Lawyers - Cornell LII Lawyer Directory 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC lawyers.law.cornell.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Orval Faubus, governor at the time, sent the Arkansas National Guard to aid segregationists in preventing nine African-American students from enrolling at Little Rock's Central High School.^ Arkansas Game & Fish Commission Boating Administration 2 Natural Resources Drive Little Rock, AR 72205 501-223-6300 .
  • Arkansas Boating Safety Course and Exam - Official Boating License and Boater Safety Course 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.boat-ed.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Jacksonville - North Pulaski High School - The Band Room is haunted by two band students that had passed away years ago.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]

 ^ North Little Rock - Oak Grove High School - Reports include hearing people talking and screaming, as well as seeing shadows.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]

 President Eisenhower, after attempting to contact Orval Faubus 3 times, sent 1000 paratroops to escort the African-American students on September 25, 1957. .This incident eventually led to the closing of Little Rock high schools for the rest of the school year.^ Jacksonville - North Pulaski High School - The Band Room is haunted by two band students that had passed away years ago.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]

 ^ North Little Rock - Oak Grove High School - Reports include hearing people talking and screaming, as well as seeing shadows.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]

 ^ Bentonville - Old High Middle School - There was a little girl seen walking down the hall without a hall pass, so this boy went and told the principal.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]

 The Little Rock high schools were completely integrated by the fall of 1959.[12]
Bill Clinton, the 42nd President of the United States, was born in Hope. Before his presidency, Clinton served nearly twelve years as the 50th and 52nd Governor of Arkansas.

Demographics

.As of 2006, Arkansas has an estimated population of 2,810,872,[13] which is an increase of 29,154, or 1.1%, from the prior year and an increase of 105,756, or 4.0%, since the year 2000. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 52,214 people (that is 198,800 births minus 146,586 deaths) and an increase due to net migration of 57,611 people into the state.^ Not evil as such, these unsympathetic people simply fall into a rut that leads inevitably to violence and death.
  • McSweeney's Internet Tendency: About John Brandon's Arkansas. 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.mcsweeneys.net [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Jonesboro - Arkansas State University - Wilson Hall - People say that at night a ghost comes out in this hall.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]

 Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 21,947 people, and migration within the country produced a net increase of 35,664 people. It is estimated that about 48.8% is male, and 51.2% is female. .From 2000 through 2006 Arkansas has had a population growth of 5.1% or 137,472 http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/05000.html.^ Since 2000, it has had a population growth of 5.14 percent.
  • Arkansas, Arkansas (AR) - Sperling's BestPlaces 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.bestplaces.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ For more information on the US Census click here (link - http://2010.census.gov/2010census/) .
  • City of Texarkana, Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.txkusa.org [Source type: General]
.The center of population of Arkansas is located in the far northeast corner of Perry County [14].^ Miller County Senior Adult Center 1007 Jefferson Avenue Texarkana, Arkansas Thursday, October 8, 2009, at 10:30 a.m.
  • City of Texarkana, Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.txkusa.org [Source type: General]

 ^ Miller County Senior Adult Center 1007 Jefferson Street, Texarkana, Arkansas Wednesday, May 7, 2008 at 1:00 p.m.
  • City of Texarkana, Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.txkusa.org [Source type: General]
{{US .DemogTable|Arkansas|03-05.csv|= | 82.65| 16.02| 1.39| 0.96| 0.12|= | 3.04| 0.14| 0.08| 0.03| 0.02|= | 82.43| 16.09| 1.40| 1.18| 0.13|= | 4.43| 0.19| 0.10| 0.04| 0.02|= | 3.68| 4.42| 4.94| 28.03| 14.80|= | 1.85| 4.08| 3.36| 27.99| 14.48|= | 51.65| 43.64| 30.22| 28.97| 16.86}} The five largest ancestry groups in the state are: American (15.9%), African American (15.7%), Irish (9.5%), German (9.3%), English (7.9%).^ Arkansas Razorbacks Football Schedule 03/19/05 ....
  • Arkansas Football - Fanblogs College Football Blog 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.fanblogs.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Arkansas turned away by Clemson's Bowden 12/02/07 ....
  • Arkansas Football - Fanblogs College Football Blog 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.fanblogs.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Nutt looks to go 3-0 vs Texas 09/08/04 ....
  • Arkansas Football - Fanblogs College Football Blog 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.fanblogs.com [Source type: General]
People of European ancestry have a strong presence in the northwestern Ozarks and the central part of the state. African Americans live mainly in the fertile southern and eastern parts of the state. Arkansans of Irish, English and German ancestry are mostly found in the far northwestern Ozarks near the Missouri border.
.As of 2000, 95.07% of Arkansas residents age 5 and older speak English at home and 3.31% speak Spanish.^ Uniform Watch: Arkansas get tusks, Buffs get spikes 07/31/08 ....
  • Arkansas Football - Fanblogs College Football Blog 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.fanblogs.com [Source type: General]

 German is the third most spoken language at 0.299%, followed by French at 0.291% and Vietnamese at 0.13% [15].

Religion

.Arkansas, like most other Southern states, is part of the Bible Belt and is overwhelmingly Protestant.^ A penalty prescribed in this subchapter for underage driving under the influence is in addition to any other penalty prescribed by law for the offense under another law of the State of Arkansas.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ It's another variation of a familiar theme seen in states, like Arkansas, with the highest divorce rates.
  • Arkansas Times 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arktimes.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Sooner than Kyle and Swin can recognize how close to paradise they are, in this neglected state park in southern Arkansas, the lazy peace is shattered with a shot.
  • McSweeney's Internet Tendency: About John Brandon's Arkansas. 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.mcsweeneys.net [Source type: Original source]

 The religious affiliations of the people are as follows:[16]
Arkansas Population Density Map

Economy

.
The quarter for Arkansas from the 50 State Quarters program.^ The Texarkana YouthBuild program is the only YouthBuild in the State of Arkansas.
  • City of Texarkana, Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.txkusa.org [Source type: General]

 Released October 20 2003.
Little Rock city center.
The state's gross domestic product for 2005 was $87 billion. .Its per capita household median income (in current dollars) for 2006 was $35,295, according to the U.S. Census Bureau [17].^ The median household income is $38,235.
  • Arkansas, Arkansas (AR) - Sperling's BestPlaces 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.bestplaces.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The income per capita is $19,975, which includes all adults and children.
  • Arkansas, Arkansas (AR) - Sperling's BestPlaces 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.bestplaces.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 The state's agriculture outputs are poultry and eggs, soybeans, sorghum, cattle, cotton, rice, hogs, and milk. Its industrial outputs are food processing, electric equipment, fabricated metal products, machinery, paper products, bromine, and vanadium.
.In recent years, automobile parts manufacturers have opened factories in eastern Arkansas to support auto plants in other states.^ Texarkana's largest event of the year will be held at the Four States Fairgrounds and will feature live music, concessions, and other entertaining activities for all ages.
  • City of Texarkana, Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.txkusa.org [Source type: General]

 ^ Punitive taxes on a poor man's groceries and appliances would send Arkansas shoppers scurrying to other states to buy goods, among other crazy consequences.
  • Arkansas Times 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arktimes.com [Source type: General]

 Additionally, the city of Conway is the site of a school bus factory.
.Tourism is also very important to the Arkansas economy; the official state nickname "The Natural State" was originally created (as "Arkansas Is A Natural") for state tourism advertising in the 1970s, and is still regularly used to this day.^ Brock Elliott, of Fayetteville, Arkansas: John Brandon's Arkansas is not about the Natural State in any literal sense.
  • McSweeney's Internet Tendency: About John Brandon's Arkansas. 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.mcsweeneys.net [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Acceptable Use Copyright © 2009  State of Arkansas.  All Rights Reserved.
.Arkansas currently ranks 21st for The Best States for Business, 9th for Business Cost, 40th for Labor, 22nd for Regulatory Environment, 17th for Economic Climate, 9th for Growth Prospects, 34th in Gross Domestic Product, and positive economic change of 3.8% or ranked 22nd.^ Texarkana, Texas since 2001 and plan to build a 76-room Best Western in the Crossroads Business Park on the Arkansas side by early 2009.
  • City of Texarkana, Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.txkusa.org [Source type: General]

Taxation

A map of Arkansas with county boundaries drawn
Arkansas imposes a state income tax with six brackets, ranging from 1.0% to 7.0%. .The first $9,000 of military pay of enlisted personnel is exempt from Arkansas tax; officers do not have to pay state income tax on the first $6,000 of their military pay.^ Punitive taxes on a poor man's groceries and appliances would send Arkansas shoppers scurrying to other states to buy goods, among other crazy consequences.
  • Arkansas Times 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arktimes.com [Source type: General]

 .Retirees pay no tax on Social Security, or on the first $6,000 in gain on their pensions (in addition to recovery of cost basis).^ No less than nine hundred dollars ($900) and no more than five thousand dollars ($5,000) for the third or subsequent offense occurring within five (5) years of the first offense.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ No less than one hundred fifty dollars ($150) and no more than one thousand dollars ($1,000) for the first offense; .
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ No less than four hundred dollars ($400) and no more than three thousand dollars ($3,000) for the second offense occurring within five (5) years of the first offense; and .
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 .Residents of Texarkana are exempt from Arkansas income tax; wages and business income earned there by residents of Texarkana are also exempt.^ The purpose of the video is to attract outside businesses and other possible residents that are considering Texarkana as their future home.
  • City of Texarkana, Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.txkusa.org [Source type: General]

 ^ Click picture to enlarge The Texarkana, Arkansas Police Department has started going door to door asking residents in the Iron Mountain community what can be done to improve the quality of life.
  • City of Texarkana, Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.txkusa.org [Source type: General]

 ^ Click picture to enlarge A local investor has signed a contract agreement to put a convention center and hotel at the Crossroads Business Park in Texarkana, Arkansas.
  • City of Texarkana, Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.txkusa.org [Source type: General]

 .Arkansas's gross receipts (sales) tax and compensating (use) tax rate is currently 6%.^ Arkansas, AR,sales tax rate is 7.00%.
  • Arkansas, Arkansas (AR) - Sperling's BestPlaces 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.bestplaces.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 The state has also mandated that various services be subject to sales tax collection. They include wrecker and towing services; dry cleaning and laundry; body piercing, tattooing and electrolysis; pest control; security and alarm monitoring; self-storage facilities; boat storage and docking; and pet grooming and kennel services.
.In addition to the state sales tax, there are more than 300 local taxes in Arkansas.^ The American Lung Association's annual report card on states' efforts to reduce smoking gives Arkansas a C average, including a D on taxes (the higher they are the more they discourage smoking and thus the better the grade).
  • Arkansas Times 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arktimes.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Arkansas, AR,sales tax rate is 7.00%.
  • Arkansas, Arkansas (AR) - Sperling's BestPlaces 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.bestplaces.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Texarkana, Arkansas's team of five participated with more than 7,000 other local and area residents to support the 9th annual Texarkana Susan G. Komen Race for the Cure.
  • City of Texarkana, Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.txkusa.org [Source type: General]

 .Cities and counties have the authority to enact additional local sales and use taxes if they are passed by the voters in their area.^ But if it did make the ballot and was passed and repealed all legislatively levied taxes as the sponsors say they intend: .
  • Arkansas Times 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arktimes.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Home > United States > Arkansas > Metro Areas > Counties > Cities > Zip Codes Arkansas .
  • Arkansas, Arkansas (AR) - Sperling's BestPlaces 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.bestplaces.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 These local taxes have a ceiling or cap; they cannot exceed $25 for each 1% of tax assessed. These additional taxes are collected by the state, which distributes the money back to the local jurisdictions monthly. .Low-income taxpayers with a total annual household income of less than $12,000 are permitted a sales tax exemption for electricity usage.^ Less Than $20,000 .
  • Arkansas, Arkansas (AR) - Sperling's BestPlaces 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.bestplaces.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Income Less Than 15K .
  • Arkansas, Arkansas (AR) - Sperling's BestPlaces 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.bestplaces.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Sales of alcoholic beverages account for added taxes. A 10% supplemental mixed drink tax is imposed on the sale of alcoholic beverages (excluding beer) at restaurants. A 4% tax is due on the sale of all mixed drinks (except beer and wine) sold for "on-premises" consumption. And a 3% tax is due on beer sold for off-premises consumption.
Property taxes are assessed on real and personal property; only 20% of the value is used as the tax base.

Transportation

Arkansas welcome sign on Interstate 40

Highways

Main article: List of highways in Arkansas

Airports

.Little Rock National Airport (Adams Field) and Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport in Highfill in Benton County are Arkansas's main air terminals.^ As John Brandon's novel Arkansas quips, "Little Rock keeps embarrassing itself by trying to attract tourists, claiming to be a technological hub and cultural capital.
  • McSweeney's Internet Tendency: About John Brandon's Arkansas. 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.mcsweeneys.net [Source type: Original source]

 ^ North Little Rock - North Little Rock High School - West Campus/Ole Main - A popular football player died in a car crash.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]

 ^ Arkansas HomeGrowers Association (Not a PYO) - North Little Rock and Little Rock, AR. Phone: 501-676-2305.
  • Where to find pick your own farms / orchards in Arkansas for fruit, vegetable, pumpkin and Christmas trees 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.pickyourown.org [Source type: General]

 Limited passenger service is available at smaller airports in Fort Smith, Texarkana, Pine Bluff, Harrison, Ozark Regional Airport Mountain Home, Hot Springs, El Dorado and Jonesboro. Many air travelers in eastern Arkansas use Memphis International Airport.

Rail

.Amtrak's Texas Eagle makes several stops in Arkansas daily on its run from Chicago to San Antonio and Los Angeles.^ Arkansas stops using pink jerseys, lousy players will wear Texas jerseys 04/02/05 ....
  • Arkansas Football - Fanblogs College Football Blog 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.fanblogs.com [Source type: General]

 ^ When the whistling stops, you can hear a team of horses running, as if the old stagecoach is making another run.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]

Law and government

The current Governor of Arkansas is Mike Beebe, a Democrat. He was elected on November 7 2006.
.Both of Arkansas's U.S. Senators are Democrats: Blanche Lincoln and Mark Pryor.^ Senator Mark Pryor's office called me this morning to let me know that the proposed move of the Social Security building from downtown has been put on an indefinite hold.
  • Arkansas Times 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arktimes.com [Source type: General]

 The state has four seats in U.S. House of Representatives. Three seats are held by Democrats—Marion Berry (map), Vic Snyder (map), and Mike Ross (map). The state's lone Republican congressman is John Boozman (map).
Presidential elections results
Year Republican Democratic
2004 54.31% 572,898 44.55% 469,953
2000 51.31% 472,940 45.86% 422,768
1996 36.80% 325,416 53.74% 475,171
1992 35.48% 337,324 53.21% 505,823
1988 56.37% 466,578 42.19% 349,237
1984 60.47% 534,774 38.29% 338,646
1980 48.13% 403,164 47.52% 398,041
1976 34.93% 268,753 64.94% 499,614
1972 68.82% 445,751 30.71% 198,899
1968* 31.01% 189,062 30.33% 184,901
1964 43.41% 243,264 56.06% 314,197
1960 43.06% 184,508 50.19% 215,049
*State won by George Wallace
of the American Independent Party,
at 38.65%, or 235,627 votes
The Democratic Party holds super-majority status in the Arkansas General Assembly. A majority of local and statewide offices are also held by Democrats. This is rare in the modern South, where a majority of statewide offices are held by Republicans. .Arkansas had the distinction in 1992 of being the only state in the country to give the majority of its vote to a single candidate in the presidential election—native son Bill Clinton—while every other state's electoral votes were won by pluralities of the vote among the three candidates.^ A penalty prescribed in this subchapter for underage driving under the influence is in addition to any other penalty prescribed by law for the offense under another law of the State of Arkansas.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Only those who believe in cutting off their noses to spite their faces (see Ralph Naderites) will vote for a Green candidate given such a choice.
  • Arkansas Times 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arktimes.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Punitive taxes on a poor man's groceries and appliances would send Arkansas shoppers scurrying to other states to buy goods, among other crazy consequences.
  • Arkansas Times 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arktimes.com [Source type: General]

 In 2004, George W. Bush won the state of Arkansas by 9 points, leading some to speculate that the state was shifting toward the Republicans. In 2006, however, Democrats were elected to all statewide offices by the voters in a Democratic sweep that included the Arkansas Democratic Party regaining the governorship.
.Most Republican strength lies mainly in northwest Arkansas in the areas around Fort Smith and Bentonville, and especially in North Central Arkansas around the Mountain Home area where voters have often voted 90 percent Republican.^ As the fourth candidate from Northwest Arkansas steps in, this is shaping up to be a bloody primary fight of monumental proportions for the future of the Republican Party.
  • Arkansas Times 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arktimes.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Do disaffected liberals, maybe 15 percent of the vote in Arkansas, spell trouble for U.S. Sen.
  • Arkansas Times 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arktimes.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Fort Smith - Judge Parker Court House - Judge Isaac Parker, who hanged around 80 people here, haunts the courthouse (that is now a museum).
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]

 .The rest of the state is strongly Democratic, especially Little Rock and the areas along the Mississippi River.^ Whether you are looking in Little Rock or a small Arkansas town, you are sure to find a deal on a foreclosure in Arkansas just about anywhere in the state.
  • Arkansas Foreclosures - Trends and Information at RealtyTrac 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.realtytrac.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Little Rock - Quapaw Quarter - Macarthur Park - This area was a military training ground, started in the 1830's.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]

 ^ Little Rock boxer Jermain Taylor announced today that he'd be dropping out of a Showtime boxing series to rest his "body and mind."
  • Arkansas Times 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arktimes.com [Source type: General]

 .Arkansas has only elected one Republican to the U.S. Senate since Reconstruction, Tim Hutchinson, who was defeated after one term by Mark Pryor.^ The dorm director was the only one who was supposed to have the key, and there was very little cause for anyone to go to the attic.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]

 .The General Assembly has not been controlled by the Republican Party since Reconstruction and is the fourth most heavily Democratic Legislature in the country, after Massachusetts, Hawaii, and Connecticut.^ As the fourth candidate from Northwest Arkansas steps in, this is shaping up to be a bloody primary fight of monumental proportions for the future of the Republican Party.
  • Arkansas Times 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arktimes.com [Source type: General]

 .Arkansas is also the only state among the states of the former Confederacy that sends two Democrats to the U.S. Senate and the overwhelming majority of registered voters in the state are Democrats.^ Arkansas, AR are registered as Democrats.
  • Arkansas, Arkansas (AR) - Sperling's BestPlaces 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.bestplaces.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Benton County Judge David Bisbee , the former state senator, is in the middle of controversy.
  • Arkansas Times 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arktimes.com [Source type: General]

 ^ The prediction now is for a 4 percent increase in state revenue, after two years of declines, but that would only regain the losses and the budget will be flat.
  • Arkansas Times 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arktimes.com [Source type: General]

 The state is socially conservative – its voters passed a ban on gay marriage with 74% voting yes, the Arkansas Constitution protects right to work, and the state is one of a handful that has legislation on its books banning abortion in the event Roe vs. Wade is ever overturned.
In Arkansas, the lieutenant governor is elected separately from the governor and thus can be from a different political party.
Each officer's term is four years long. .Office holders are term-limited to two full terms plus any partial terms prior to the first full term.^ He said the two main themes of his campaign would be to institute term limits for U.S. senators and a balanced budget at the federal level.
  • Arkansas Times 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.arktimes.com [Source type: General]

 .Arkansas gubernatorial terms became four years with the 1986 general election; before this, the terms were two years long.^ You may sort your results by School Name, City, In State, Out of State and Two or Four Year School fields.
  • Scholarships.com - Arkansas Colleges & Universities 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.scholarships.com [Source type: News]

 ^ The City of Texarkana, Arkansas along with the Four States Fairgrounds will soon begin early planning for next years Sparks in the Park.
  • City of Texarkana, Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.txkusa.org [Source type: General]
Some of Arkansas's counties have two county seats, as opposed to the usual one seat. The arrangement dates back to when travel was extremely difficult in the state. The seats are usually on opposite sides of the county. .Though travel is no longer the difficulty it once was, there are few efforts to eliminate the two seat arrangement where it exists, since the county seat is a source of pride (and jobs) to the city involved.^ There is also a rumor of a girl who was tied to the train tracks(no longer present) in the near area, but authenticity of that rumor is unknown.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]
.Arkansas is the only state to specify the pronunciation of its name by law.^ Arkansas is an Implied Consent state and you are considered to be breaking the law if you refuse to submit to a field sobriety test.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Arkadelphia - Henderson State University - Arkansas Hall - A ghost named Simon haunts the theater.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]

 ^ A penalty prescribed in this subchapter for underage driving under the influence is in addition to any other penalty prescribed by law for the offense under another law of the State of Arkansas.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 [9] This is in response to residents of Kansas who used to pronounce the state's name as ar-KANSAS.
See also: List of Arkansas Governors and United States presidential election, 2004

Metropolitan areas

.The Little Rock-North Little Rock-Pine Bluff Combined Statistical Area had 829,032 people in the 2006 census estimates and is the largest in Arkansas.^ Whether you are looking in Little Rock or a small Arkansas town, you are sure to find a deal on a foreclosure in Arkansas just about anywhere in the state.
  • Arkansas Foreclosures - Trends and Information at RealtyTrac 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.realtytrac.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Little Rock - Quapaw Quarter - Macarthur Park - This area was a military training ground, started in the 1830's.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]

 ^ North Little Rock - Old Mill - If you look through the gates at the Old Mill, you can see weird things moving through the windows.
  • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]
.The Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers metropolitan area is increasingly important to the state and its economy.^ Little Rock-North Little Rock , Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers , ...
  • Arkansas, Arkansas (AR) - Sperling's BestPlaces 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.bestplaces.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 The US Census estimated the population of the MSA to be 420,876 in 2006, up from 347,045 in 2000, making it the sixth fastest growing region in the nation[3]. It is home to the corporate headquarters of Fortune 1000 companies Wal-Mart, Tyson Foods, and J.B. Hunt, as well as representatives of numerous vendors drawn by Wal-Mart. It is also home to the University of Arkansas and the Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport.
Top 15 Largest Cities in Arkansas
1. Little Rock 184,422 Central Arkansas
2. Fort Smith 83,461 Northwest Arkansas
3. Fayetteville 67,158 Northwest Arkansas
4. Springdale 60,096 Northwest Arkansas
5. Jonesboro 59,358 Northeast Arkansas
6. North Little Rock 58,833 Central Arkansas
7. Pine Bluff 52,693 Southeast Arkansas
8. Conway 52,430 Central Arkansas
9. Rogers 48,666 Northwest Arkansas
10.Hot Springs 37,847 Southwest Arkansas
11.Jacksonville 30,367 Central Arkansas
12.Texarkana 30,006 Southwest Arkansas
13.Bentonville 29,538 Northwest Arkansas
14.West Memphis 28,181 Northeast Arkansas
15.Benton 27,700 Central Arkansas

Important cities and towns

Names in bold have populations greater than 20,000.

Education

Public school districts

Centers of research

Colleges and universities

Arkansas State University, Jonesboro.
File:UAMS 2.jpeg
UAMS is the flagship health education institution of the state.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Elevations and Distances in the United States. U.S Geological Survey (29 April 2005). Retrieved on November 3, 2006.
  2. ^ Arkansas State Boundaries from the Encyclopedia of Arkansas
  3. ^ Managing Upland Forests of the Midsouth. United States Forestry Service. Retrieved on 2007-10-13.
  4. ^ A Tapestry of Time and Terrain: The Union of Two Maps - Geology and Topography. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved on 2007-10-13.
  5. ^ http://www.craterofdiamondsstatepark.com/history/
  6. ^ Average Annual Precipitation - Arkansas. Spatial Climate Analysis Service, Oregon State University.
  7. ^ [1] NCDC at NOAA.
  8. ^ http://listserv.linguistlist.org/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0302b&L=ads-l&P=7800
  9. ^ a b The name Arkansas has been pronounced and spelled in a variety of fashions. The region was organized as the Territory of Arkansaw passed the following concurrent resolution (Arkansas Statutes, Title 1, Chapter 4, Section 105):
    Whereas, confusion of practice has arisen in the pronunciation of the name of our state and it is deemed important that the true pronunciation should be determined for use in oral official proceedings.
    And, whereas, the matter has been thoroughly investigated by the State Historical Society and the Eclectic Society of Little Rock, which have agreed upon the correct pronunciation as derived from history, and the early usage of the American immigrants.
    Be it therefore resolved by both houses of the General Assembly, that the only true pronunciation of the name of the state, in the opinion of this body, is that received by the French from the native Indians and committed to writing in the French word representing the sound. It should be pronounced in three (3) syllables, with the final "s" silent, the "a" in each syllable with the Italian sound, and the accent on the first and last syllables. The pronunciation with the accent on the second syllable with the sound of "a" in "man" and the sounding of the terminal "s" is an innovation to be discouraged.
    Citizens of the State of Kansas in a manner similar to the common pronunciation of the name of their state.
  10. ^ Taylor, Jim. Old Washington State Park Conserves Town's Heyday.
  11. ^ Brooks-Baxter War - Encyclopedia of Arkansas. Retrieved on 2007-08-24.
  12. ^ Little Rock Nine - Encyclopedia of Arkansas. Retrieved on 2007-08-24.
  13. ^ {{cite web | year = June 21 2006 | url = http://www.census.gov/popest/states/tables/NST-EST2005-01.csv | title = Annual Estimates of the Population for the United States and States, and for Puerto Rico: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2005|format = CSV
  14. ^ http://www.census.gov/geo/www/cenpop/statecenters.txt
  15. ^ http://www.mla.org/map_data_results&state_id=5&mode=state_tops&order=r
  16. ^ American Religious Identification Survey, 2001
  17. ^ Arkansas QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau

Further reading

  • Blair, Diane D. & Jay Barth Arkansas Politics & Government: Do the People Rule? (2005)
  • Deblack, Thomas A. With Fire and Sword: Arkansas, 1861-1874 (2003)
  • Donovan, Timothy P. and Willard B. Gatewood Jr., eds. The Governors of Arkansas (1981)
  • Dougan, Michael B. Confederate Arkansas (1982),
  • Duvall, Leland. ed., Arkansas: Colony and State (1973)
  • Fletcher, John Gould. Arkansas (1947)
  • Hamilton, Peter Joseph. The Reconstruction Period (1906), full length history of era; Dunning School approach; 570 pp; ch 13 on Arkansas
  • Hanson, Gerald T. and Carl H. Moneyhon. .Historical Atlas of Arkansas (1992)
  • Key, V. O. Southern Politics (1949)
  • Kirk, John A., Redefining the Color Line: Black Activism in Little Rock, Arkansas, 1940-1970 (2002).
  • McMath, Sidney S. Promises Kept (2003)
  • Moore, Waddy W. ed., Arkansas in the Gilded Age, 1874-1900 (1976).
  • Peirce, Neal R. The Deep South States of America: People, Politics, and Power in the Seven Deep South States (1974)
  • Thompson, George H. Arkansas and Reconstruction (1976)
  • Whayne, Jeannie M. et al.^ Little Rock - Quapaw Quarter - This is Little Rock's historic district.
    • Shadowlands Haunted Places Index - Arkansas 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.theshadowlands.net [Source type: General]

     ^ Directions: From Little Rock, go South on Hwy 65 to 167S, toward Sheridan.
    • Where to find pick your own farms / orchards in Arkansas for fruit, vegetable, pumpkin and Christmas trees 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.pickyourown.org [Source type: General]

     ^ Arkansas HomeGrowers Association (Not a PYO) - North Little Rock and Little Rock, AR. Phone: 501-676-2305.
    • Where to find pick your own farms / orchards in Arkansas for fruit, vegetable, pumpkin and Christmas trees 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.pickyourown.org [Source type: General]

     Arkansas: A Narrative History (2002)
  • Whayne, Jeannie M. Arkansas Biography: A Collection of Notable Lives (2000)
  • White, Lonnie J. Politics on the Southwestern Frontier: Arkansas Territory, 1819-1836 (1964)
  • Williams, C. Fred. ed. A Documentary History Of Arkansas (2005)
  • WPA., Arkansas: A Guide to the State (1941)

External links

All wikimedia projects
Articles on this topic in other Wikimedia projects can be found at: Arkansas

Flag of Arkansas
State of Arkansas
Little Rock (capital)
Arkansans |
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This page uses content from the English language Wikipedia. The original content was at Arkansas. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. .As with this Familypedia wiki, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons License.^ However, if the office allows the issuance of an ignition interlock restricted license under § 5-65-118, the ignition interlock restricted license shall be available immediately.
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ However, if the office allows the issuance of an ignition interlock restricted license under § 5-65-118, the suspension period for which no restricted license is available is a minimum of one (1) year; and .
  • Arkansas DWI Attorneys | Arkansas DWI Laws | dwi.com 19 January 2010 9:52 UTC www.dwi.com [Source type: Original source]
Facts about ArkansasRDF feed
Subdivision of country United States  +

This article uses material from the "Arkansas" article on the Genealogy wiki at Wikia and is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike License.

Simple English

State of Arkansas
File:Flag of [[File:|100px|State seal of Arkansas]]
Flag of Arkansas Seal of Arkansas
Also called: The Natural State (current),
The Land of Opportunity (former)
Saying(s): Regnat Populus (The People Rule)
File:Map of USA highlighting
Official language(s) English
Capital Little Rock
Largest city Little Rock
Area  Ranked 29th
 - Total 53,179 sq mi
(137,732 km²)
 - Width 239 miles (385 km)
 - Length 261 miles (420 km)
 - % water 2.09
 - Latitude 33°N to 36°30'N
 - Longitude 89°41'W to 94°42'W
Number of people  Ranked 33nd
 - Total (2010) 2,915,918[1]
 - Density 56.0/sq mi 
21.6/km² (36th)
Height above sea level  
 - Highest point Mount Magazine[2]
2,753 ft  (840 m)
 - Average 650 ft  (198 m)
 - Lowest point Ouachita River[2]
55 ft  (17 m)
Became part of the U.S.  June 15, 1836 (25th)
Governor Mike Beebe (D)
U.S. Senators Blanche Lincoln (D)
Mark Pryor (D)
Time zone Central: UTC-6/DST-5
Abbreviations AR Ark. US-AR
Web site www.arkansas.gov

Arkansas, sometimes called the Land of Opportunity or The Natural State, is a state in the United States of America. Its capital and largest city is Little Rock. It has been estimated that around 3 million people live in Arkansas today.

History

Arkansas became the 25th state to enter the Union in 1836. During the American Civil War, Arkansas was one of the Confederate states, however, it was the second state to be put back in to the U.S. in the Reconstruction.

Culture

Arkansas is notable for its bauxite mines. Arkansas was also the first U.S. state where diamonds were found. Notable Arkansans include Bill Clinton, who was governor of Arkansas before he became the President of the United States, and Sam Walton, the founder of Wal-Mart.

References

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  1. ↑ "Resident Population Data". 2010.census.gov. http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-dens-text.php. Retrieved 30 December 2010. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Elevations and Distances in the United States". U.S Geological Survey. 29 April 2005. http://erg.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html#Highest. Retrieved 2006-11-3. 
 
Political divisions of the United States
States
National capital
Island areas
frr:Arkansas
Retrieved from "http://yak.rapint.com/wiki/Arkansas"

Citable sentences

Up to date as of December 17, 2010

Here are sentences from other pages on Arkansas, which are similar to those in the above article.








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