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Autoimmune diseases
Classification and external resources
ICD-9 279.4
OMIM 109100
DiseasesDB 28805
MedlinePlus 000816
MeSH D001327
.Autoimmune diseases arise from an overactive immune response of the body against substances and tissues normally present in the body.^ Autoimmune disease is when the immune system attacks the body's own tissue.
  • Benzene Lawyer - Autoimmune Disease Linked to Benzene Exposure 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.benzene-lawyer.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ It is also possible that Behcet's disease is an ' autoimmune ' disease in which the immune system attacks the body' ...
  • 2 Autoimmune Disease - a comprehensive view - Wellsphere 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.wellsphere.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Autoimmune diseases are characterized by the body’s immune responses being directed against its own tissues, resulting in inflammation and destruction.
  • The Whole Health Center | Autoimmune diseases 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.drmanso.com [Source type: Academic]

 .In other words, the body actually attacks its own cells.^ In other words, the body attacks its own cells.
  • Autoimmune Diseases Information 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.disabled-world.com [Source type: Academic]
  • Naturvitae | Issues | Autoimmune disease 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.naturvitae.com [Source type: Academic]
  • List of autoimmune diseases 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.lupusmctd.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ In other words, the body actually attacks its ...
  • Autoimmune Diseases - MSN Encarta 11 September 2009 4:22 UTC encarta.msn.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • Autoimmune Diseases - MSN Encarta 11 September 2009 4:22 UTC uk.encarta.msn.com [Source type: Academic]
  • Autoimmune Diseases - ninemsn Encarta 11 September 2009 4:22 UTC au.encarta.msn.com [Source type: Academic]
  • autoimmune diseases - Search Results - MSN Encarta 11 September 2009 4:22 UTC encarta.msn.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Not the body’s own cells.

 .The immune system mistakes some part of the body as a pathogen and attacks it.^ Autoimmune disease is when the immune system attacks the body's own tissue.
  • Benzene Lawyer - Autoimmune Disease Linked to Benzene Exposure 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.benzene-lawyer.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ It is also possible that Behcet's disease is an ' autoimmune ' disease in which the immune system attacks the body' ...
  • 2 Autoimmune Disease - a comprehensive view - Wellsphere 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.wellsphere.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ So the body must rely on the other parts of the immune system.
  • Yeast & Autoimmune Diseases 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.candidafree.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .This may be restricted to certain organs (e.g.^ This may be restricted to certain organs (e.g.
  • Autoimmune Diseases Information 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.disabled-world.com [Source type: Academic]
  • Autoimmune Disease Testing - Private MD 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.privatemdlabs.com [Source type: Academic]
  • Welcome to Williamsville Healthy Living.com We help you find information on autoimmune diseases and how to live better with them. 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.williamsville-healthy-living.com [Source type: Academic]
  • Researchers Confirm That Narcolepsy is an Autoimmune Disease » Propeller 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.propeller.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Such autoimmunity may be restricted to a single organ, a localized region, or the whole animal.

 ^ Autoimmune disease may be restricted to a single organ or region or the whole animal.

 in .thyroiditis) or involve a particular tissue in different places (e.g.^ Auto-immunity may occur in all endocrine tissues, with a particular prevalence in the thyroid and pancreas.

 ^ And the possibility that other associated autoimmune diseases in particular thyroid disease may be involved.
  • Autoimmune Diseases video and audio on health brought to you by Boston.com 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC multimedia.boston.com [Source type: Academic]

 .Goodpasture's disease which may affect the basement membrane in both the lung and the kidney).^ Autoimmune G oodpasture's syndrome   A autoimmune disease affecting the Lungs and Kidneys.
  • List of autoimmune diseases 11 September 2009 4:22 UTC www.cidpusa.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Autoimmune Goodpasture's Syndrome Information: Autoimmune Disease Goodpasture's syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease, affecting the lungs and kidneys.
  • Autoimmune Diseases - Associated Content - Topic 11 September 2009 4:22 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Goodpasture's disease which may affect the basement membrane in both the lung and the kidney).
  • Autoimmune Diseases Information 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.disabled-world.com [Source type: Academic]
  • Autoimmune Disease Testing - Private MD 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.privatemdlabs.com [Source type: Academic]
  • Welcome to Williamsville Healthy Living.com We help you find information on autoimmune diseases and how to live better with them. 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.williamsville-healthy-living.com [Source type: Academic]
  • Researchers Confirm That Narcolepsy is an Autoimmune Disease » Propeller 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.propeller.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .The treatment of autoimmune diseases is typically with immunosuppression—medication which decreases the immune response.^ Gene therapy in the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
  • 6. Autoimmune Diseases and the Promise of Stem Cell-Based Therapies [Stem Cell Information] 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC stemcells.nih.gov [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Any disease that results from such an aberrant immune response is termed an autoimmune disease.
  • Naturvitae | Issues | Autoimmune disease 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.naturvitae.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Immune-mediated diseases Autoimmune disease SHELTIES .
  • Autoimmune diseases in dogs 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.xs4all.nl [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.There is an on-going discussion about when a disease should be considered autoimmune, leading to different criteria such as Witebsky's postulates.^ Many individual autoimmune diseases are rare, as there are many different types of autoimmune diseases.
  • Autoimmune Diseases - is Endometriosis one of them 11 September 2009 4:23 UTC www.endo-resolved.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ I do consider that I now have an autoimmune disease (or disorder).
  • Autoimmune Disease: How to Stop Your Body from Attacking Itself 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.ultrawellness.com [Source type: General]

 ^ About this Page Autoimmune disease biomarkers .
  • Autoimmune disease biomarkers invention 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.freshpatents.com [Source type: Academic]

Contents

Overview

Name Accepted/suspected Hypersensitivity Autoantibody
Ankylosing Spondylitis Accepted [1] [2] [3]
Chagas disease Suspected[4]
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Suspected[5][6] anti-elastin, Abys against epithelial cells
Crohns Disease (one of two types of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease "IBD") Accepted[7] IV
Dermatomyositis Accepted[8]
Diabetes mellitus type 1 Accepted[7] IV
Endometriosis Suspected[9]
Goodpasture's syndrome Accepted[7] II Anti-Basement Membrane Collagen Type IV Protein
Graves' disease Accepted[7] II
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) Accepted[7] IV Anti-ganglioside
Hashimoto's disease Accepted[7] IV
Hidradenitis suppurativa Suspected[10]
Kawasaki disease Suspected
IgA nephropathy Suspected
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura Accepted[7] II
Interstitial cystitis Suspected[11]
Lupus erythematosus Accepted[7] III
Mixed Connective Tissue Disease Accepted[7]
Morphea Suspected[12]
Myasthenia gravis Accepted[7] II
Narcolepsy Accepted.[13]
Neuromyotonia Suspected[14]
Pemphigus vulgaris Accepted[7] II Anti-Desmogein 3
Pernicious anaemia Accepted[15] II
Psoriasis Accepted[16] T-cells |
Psoriatic Arthritis Accepted[17]
Polymyositis Accepted[8]
Primary biliary cirrhosis Accepted[18] Anti-p62, Anti-sp100, Anti-Mitochondrial(M2)
Rheumatoid arthritis Accepted[7] III Rheumatoid factor
Schizophrenia Suspected[19][20][21]
Scleroderma Suspected[12] Anti-topoisomerase
Sjögren's syndrome Accepted[7]
Stiff person syndrome Suspected
Temporal arteritis (also known as "giant cell arteritis") Accepted[7] IV
Ulcerative Colitis (one of two types of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease "IBD") Accepted[7] IV
Vasculitis Accepted[22] III
Vitiligo Suspected[23][24]
Wegener's granulomatosis Accepted[25] Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic(cANCA)

Development of therapies

.In both autoimmune and inflammatory diseases the condition arises through aberrant reactions of the human adaptive or innate immune systems.^ Autoimmune diseases are conditions in which the immune system damages normal components of the individual.
  • The mosaic of autoimmunity: Why we develop autoimmune diseases - SciTopics 11 September 2009 4:22 UTC scitopics.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Any disease that results from such an aberrant immune response is termed an autoimmune disease.
  • Naturvitae | Issues | Autoimmune disease 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.naturvitae.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Lupus is a type of immune system disorder known as an autoimmune disease.
  • Some Examples of Autoimmune Processes - Suspect exposure to BUYTL or 2-butoxyethanol for causing autoimmune issues 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.valdezlink.com [Source type: Academic]

 .In autoimmunity, the patient’s immune system is activated against the body's own proteins.^ Autoimmunity is an immune response against self.
  • Nutrition Advisor: Autoimmune Disease. October 10, 2004 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.nutritionadvisor.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The often painful result is the immune system turning against the body's own tissue.
  • List of Autoimmune Diseases 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.squidoo.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Autoimmune Disease: Any disorder in which part of the body is attacked by its own immune system.
  • Kidney Disease Dictionary 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.kidneyfund.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .In inflammatory diseases, it is the overreaction of the immune system, and its subsequent downstream signaling (TNF, IFN, etc), which causes problems.^ This is a problem with the memory T-cells of the immune system.
  • Arthritis and Auto-Immune Diseases (907)XXX-XXXX 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC healthenlightenment.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Thickening of the blood caused by Immune System .
  • Some Examples of Autoimmune Processes - Suspect exposure to BUYTL or 2-butoxyethanol for causing autoimmune issues 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.valdezlink.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ ALPS as a disease of the immune system.
  • Some Examples of Autoimmune Processes - Suspect exposure to BUYTL or 2-butoxyethanol for causing autoimmune issues 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.valdezlink.com [Source type: Academic]
.A substantial minority of the population suffers from these diseases, which are often chronic, debilitating, and life-threatening.^ According to [ 1 ] 5–8% of the US population suffers from this group of chronic, debilitating diseases.
  • BioMed Central | Full text | The Autoimmune Disease Database: a dynamically compiled literature-derived database 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.biomedcentral.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Jan 2006 Autoimmune connective tissue diseases are chronic, potentially life threatening complex multisystem disorders.
  • The mosaic of autoimmunity: Why we develop autoimmune diseases - SciTopics 11 September 2009 4:22 UTC scitopics.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ These diseases include thyroiditis, chronic liver diseases (including primary biliary cirrhosis and chronic active Hepatitis), certain cases of pernicious anemia, and myasthenia gravis.
  • Nutrition Advisor: Autoimmune Disease. October 10, 2004 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.nutritionadvisor.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .There are more than eighty illnesses caused by autoimmunity.^ There are more than 80 types of autoimmune diseases.
  • Autoimmune Diseases << Frequently Asked Questions << womenshealth.gov 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.womenshealth.gov [Source type: General]
  • Autoimmune Diseases 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC drtindall.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Autoantibodies to these intracellular components probably are developed as a secondary autoimmune response rather than a primary cause.
  • Oral Manifestations of Autoimmune Blistering Diseases: eMedicine Dermatology 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Remember to also wash all fruits and vegetables well before you eat them to avoid food-borne illnesses—which can cause or worsen some autoimmune diseases.
  • http://www.endfatigue.com/health_articles_f-n/Immunity-the-autoimmune_epidemic.html 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.endfatigue.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 [26] .It has been estimated that autoimmune diseases are among the ten leading causes of death among women in all age groups up to 65 years.^ Well Women guide to Autoimmune Diseases .
  • autoimmune diseases 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.well-women.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Which ends up causing premature aging and early death.
  • Enzymes Key To Digestive System 11 September 2009 4:22 UTC www.gethealthyagain.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Walsh SJ, Rau LM. Autoimmune diseases: a leading cause of death among young and middle-aged women in the United States.
  • Mounting Evidence for Vitamin D as an Environmental Factor Affecting Autoimmune Disease Prevalence -- Cantorna and Mahon 229 (11): 1136 -- Experimental Biology and Medicine 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.ebmonline.org [Source type: Academic]

 [27]
.Currently, a considerable amount of research is being conducted into treatment of these conditions.^ The researchers then injected these tumour-specific cells into mice at the same time as injecting melanoma cells.
  • Autoimmune disease cells harnessed to fight cancer - health - 29 October 2009 - New Scientist 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.newscientist.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Currently, there is an extensive amount of gene therapy research being conducted in animal models of autoimmune disease.
  • 6. Autoimmune Diseases and the Promise of Stem Cell-Based Therapies [Stem Cell Information] 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC stemcells.nih.gov [Source type: Academic]

 ^ These findings considerably advance our understanding of psoriasis, and could provide insight into other biological and pathological processes.
  • Autoimmune disease: Skin deep but complex : Article : Nature 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.nature.com [Source type: Academic]

 .According to a report from Frost & Sullivan, the total alliance payouts in the autoimmune/inflammation segment from 1997 to 2002 totaled $489.8 million, where Eli Lilly, Suntory, Procter & Gamble, Encysive, and Novartis together account for 98.6 percent of alliance payouts.^ According to research reported on in the medical journal Digestive Diseases and Sciences, a significant number of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease also have celiac disease.
  • Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC www.sclero.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Autoimmune diseases, with the exception of rheumatoid arthritis and autoimmune thyroiditis, are individually rare, but together they affect approximately 5 percent of the population in Western countries.
  • NEJM -- Autoimmune Diseases 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC content.nejm.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ About 3% of Americans have an autoimmune disease, estimating a total of 8.5 million people.
  • Understanding Autoimmune Diseases | Simply Tina » Understanding Autoimmune Diseases 10 February 2010 11:46 UTC thinksimplenow.com [Source type: General]

 [28]

See also

References

  1. ^ HLA-B27 and Ankylosing Spondylitis, http://www.hlab27.com
  2. ^ Inflammatory Diseases of Immune Dysregulation, http://www.idid.us
  3. ^ Khan MA, Khan MK (1982). "Diagnostic Value of HLA-B27 Testing in Ankylosing Spondylitis and Reiter's Syndrome". Annals of Internal Medicine January 1, 1982 vol. 96 no. 1 70-76 96 (1): 70-76; author reply 76. PMID 7053711. 
  4. ^ Hyland KV, Engman DM (2006). "Further thoughts on where we stand on the autoimmunity hypothesis of Chagas disease". Trends Parasitol. 22 (3): 101–2; author reply 103. doi:10.1016/j.pt.2006.01.001. PMID 16446117. 
  5. ^ Agustí A, MacNee W, Donaldson K, Cosio M. (2003). "Hypothesis: does COPD have an autoimmune component?". Thorax 58 (10): 832–834. doi:10.1136/thorax.58.10.832. PMID 14514931. 
  6. ^ Lee SH, Goswami S, Grudo A, et al. (2007). "Antielastin autoimmunity in tobacco smoking-induced emphysema". Nat. Med. 13 (5): 567–9. doi:10.1038/nm1583. PMID 17450149. 
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o MeSH Autoimmune+Diseases
  8. ^ a b "Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis: Autoimmune Disorders of Connective Tissue: Merck Manual Home Edition". http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec05/ch068/ch068e.html. 
  9. ^ Gleicher N, el-Roeiy A, Confino E, Friberg J (1987). "Is endometriosis an autoimmune disease?". Obstetrics and gynecology 70 (1): 115–22. PMID 3110710. 
  10. ^ "Clinical Trial: Etanercept in Hidradenitis Suppurativa". http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00329823. Retrieved 2007-07-08. 
  11. ^ Kárpáti F, Dénes L, Büttner K (1975). "[Interstitial cystitis=autoimmune cyatitis? Interstitial as a participating disease in lupus erythematosus]" (in German). Zeitschrift für Urologie und Nephrologie 68 (9): 633–9. PMID 1227191. 
  12. ^ a b Takehara K, Sato S (2005). "Localized scleroderma is an autoimmune disorder". Rheumatology (Oxford, England) 44 (3): 274–9. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keh487. PMID 15561734. 
  13. ^ "Narcolepsy is an autoimmune disorder, Stanford researcher says". EurekAlert. American Association for the Advancement of Science. 2009-05-03. http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2009-05/sumc-nia042809.php. Retrieved 2009-05-31. 
  14. ^ Maddison P (2006). "Neuromyotonia". Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology 117 (10): 2118–27. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2006.03.008. PMID 16843723. 
  15. ^ "MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Pernicious anemia". http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000569.htm. Retrieved 2008-04-05. 
  16. ^ National Psoriasis Foundation, http://www.psoriasis.org/home/learn01.php
  17. ^ National Psoriasis Foundation, http://www.psoriasis.org/home/learn02.php
  18. ^ Eaton WW, Byrne M, Ewald H, et al. (2006). "Association of schizophrenia and autoimmune diseases: linkage of Danish national registers". The American journal of psychiatry 163 (3): 521–8. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.163.3.521. PMID 16513876. 
  19. ^ Jones AL, Mowry BJ, Pender MP, Greer JM (2005). "Immune dysregulation and self-reactivity in schizophrenia: do some cases of schizophrenia have an autoimmune basis?". Immunol. Cell Biol. 83 (1): 9–17. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1711.2005.01305.x. PMID 15661036. 
  20. ^ Strous RD, Shoenfeld Y (2006). "Schizophrenia, autoimmunity and immune system dysregulation: a comprehensive model updated and revisited". J. Autoimmun. 27 (2): 71–80. doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2006.07.006. PMID 16997531. 
  21. ^ "Autoimmune Disorders: Immune Disorders: Merck Manual Home Edition". http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec16/ch186/ch186a.html. 
  22. ^ "Questions and Answers about Vitiligo". http://www.niams.nih.gov/hi/topics/vitiligo/vitiligo.htm. Retrieved 2007-08-06. 
  23. ^ "A New Gene Linked to Vitiligo and Susceptibility to Autoimmune Disorders - Journal Watch Dermatology". http://dermatology.jwatch.org/cgi/content/full/2007/330/1. Retrieved 2007-08-06. 
  24. ^ Sánchez-Cano D, Callejas-Rubio JL, Ortego-Centeno N (April 2008). "Effect of rituximab on refractory Wegener granulomatosis with predominant granulomatous disease". J Clin Rheumatol 14 (2): 92–3. doi:10.1097/RHU.0b013e31816b4487. PMID 18391678. http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?an=00124743-200804000-00008. 
  25. ^ National Institutes of Health[1]
  26. ^ Noel R. Rose and Ian R. MacKay, “The Autoimmune Diseases” fourth edition
  27. ^ Frost & Sullivan Report, “Antibody Technology Developments” September 2005

External links

Immune disorders: Lymphoid and complement immunodeficiency (D80-D85, 279)
Primary
Other
Acquired
Lymphocytopenia
Complement deficiency
lymphocyte navs: cells/physio, immunodeficiency/immunoproliferative immunoglobulin/neoplasia, proc
Immune disorders: hypersensitivity and autoimmune diseases
Type I/allergy/atopy
(IgE)
Foreign
Autoimmune
none
Type II/ADCC
(IgM, IgG)
Foreign
Autoimmune
Type III
(Immune complex)
Foreign
Autoimmune
Type IV/cell-mediated
(T-cells)
Foreign
Autoimmune
Unknown/
multiple
Foreign
Autoimmune
lymphocyte navs: cells/physio, immunodeficiency/immunoproliferative immunoglobulin/neoplasia, proc

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