From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bendiocarb is an acutely toxic carbamate insecticide used in public health and
agriculture and is
effective against a wide range of nuisance and disease vector
insects. Many bendiocarb products are or were sold under the
tradenames "Ficam" and "Turcam."
All bendiocarb-containing products in the United States were
recently cancelled, after its manufacturers voluntarily chose to
pull their products off the market, rather than conduct additional
safety studies required by the EPA.[1]
In other countries, it is still used in homes, industrial plants,
and food storage sites to control mosquitoes, flies, wasps, ants, fleas, cockroaches, silverfish, and ticks but can be used against a wide variety of
insects as well as snails and slugs. It is one of 12 insecticides
recommended by the World Health Organization for
use in malaria control.[2]
Bendiocarb is not considered to be carcinogenic, but it is
acutely toxic. Like other carbamates, it reversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme
required for normal transmission of nerve impulses. Bendiocarb
binds to the active site of this enzyme leading to an accumulation
of acetylcholine, which is required for the
transmission of nerve impulses, at nerve muscle sites.[1]
Bendiocarb was invented in 1971 and was first introduced into
the market by Fisons Ltd. It
is currently marketed by Bayer
CropScience and Kuo Ching under various trade names: Ficam, Dycarb,
Garvox, Turcam, Niomil, Seedox, Tattoo
Bendiocarb is highly toxic to birds and fish. In mammalian
tissue, carbamates are generally excreted rapidly and do not
accumulate.[1]
References
External
links
| Cholinergics |
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Receptor
Ligands |
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Agonists:
77-LH-28-1 • AC-42 • AC-260,584 • Aceclidine • Acetylcholine • AF30 • AF150(S) • AF267B
• AFDX-384 • Alvameline • AQRA-741 • Arecoline • Bethanechol • Butyrylcholine • Carbachol • CDD-0034 • CDD-0078 • CDD-0097 •
CDD-0098 • CDD-0102 • Cevimeline • cis-Dioxolane •
Ethoxysebacylcholine • LY-593,039 • L-689,660 • LY-2,033,298 •
McNA343 • Methacholine • Milameline • Muscarine • NGX-267 • Ocvimeline • Oxotremorine •
PD-151,832 • Pilocarpine • RS86 • Sabcomeline • SDZ 210-086 • Sebacylcholine
• Suberylcholine • Talsaclidine • Thiopilocarpine • Vedaclidine •
VU-0029767 • VU-0090157 • VU-0152099 • VU-0152100 • VU-0238429 •
WAY-132,983 • Xanomeline • YM-796
Antagonists: 3-Quinuclidinyl Benzilate •
4-DAMP • Atropine •
Atropine Methonitrate • Benactyzine • Benzatropine (Benztropine) • Benzydamine • BIBN 99 •
Biperiden • Bornaprine • CAR-226,086 • CAR-301,060 • CAR-302,196 •
CAR-302,282 • CAR-302,368 • CAR-302,537 • CAR-302,668 • CS-27349 •
Cyclobenzaprine • Cyclopentolate •
Darifenacin •
DAU-5884 • Dimethindene • Dexetimide • DIBD • Dicyclomine
(Dicycloverine) • Ditran • EA-3167 • EA-3443 • EA-3580 • EA-3834 • Elemicin • Etanautine • Etybenzatropine (Ethylbenztropine) • Flavoxate • Himbacine • HL-031,120 • Ipratropium • J-104,129
• Hyoscyamine • Mamba Toxin 3 • Mamba Toxin 7 • Mazaticol • Mebeverine • Methoctramine • Metixene • Myristicin • N-Ethyl-3-Piperidyl
Benzilate • N-Methyl-3-Piperidyl
Benzilate • Orphenadrine • Otenzepad • Oxybutynin • PBID •
PD-102,807 • Phenglutarimide • Phenyltoloxamine • Pirenzepine • Piroheptine • Procyclidine • Profenamine • RU-47,213
• SCH-57,790 • SCH-72,788 • SCH-217,443 • Scopolamine (Hyoscine) • Solifenacin • Telenzepine • Tiotropium • Tolterodine • Trihexyphenidyl
• Tripitamine • Tropatepine • Tropicamide • WIN-2299 • Zamifenacin;
Others: 1st
Generation Antihistamines ( Brompheniramine • Chlorpheniramine, Cyclizine, Cyproheptadine, Dimenhydrinate,
Diphenhydramine, Doxylamine, Hydroxyzine, Meclizine, Mepyramine/ Pyrilamine, Phenindamine, Pheniramine, Tripelennamine,
Triprolidine, etc)
• Tricyclic Antidepressants ( Amitriptyline, Doxepin, Trimipramine, etc) •
Tetracyclic Antidepressants
( Amoxapine, Maprotiline, etc) • Typical
Antipsychotics ( Chlorpromazine, Thioridazine, etc) • Atypical Antipsychotics ( Clozapine, Olanzapine, Quetiapine, etc)
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Agonists: 5-HIAA • A-84,543 • A-366,833 • A-582,941 • A-867,744 • ABT-202 • ABT-418 • ABT-560 • ABT-894 • Acetylcholine • Altinicline • Anabasine • AR-R17779 • Butyrylcholine •
Carbachol • Cotinine • Cytisine • Decamethonium • Desformylflustrabromine • Dianicline • Dimethylphenylpiperazinium •
Epibatidine • Epiboxidine •
Ethoxysebacylcholine • EVP-4473 • EVP-6124 • Galantamine • GTS-21 • Ispronicline • Lobeline • MEM-63,908 (RG-3487) • Nicotine • NS-1738 • PHA-543,613 •
PHA-709,829 • PNU-120,596 • PNU-282,987 • Pozanicline • Rivanicline • Sazetidine A • Sebacylcholine • SIB-1508Y
• SIB-1553A • SSR-180,711 • Suberylcholine • TC-1698 • TC-1734 • TC-1827 •
TC-2216 • TC-5214 • TC-5619 • TC-6683 • Tebanicline • Tropisetron • UB-165 • Varenicline • XY-4083
Antagonists: 18-Methoxycoronaridine • α-Bungarotoxin • α-Conotoxin • Alcuronium • Anatruxonium • Atracurium • Bupropion (Amfebutamone) •
Chandonium • Chlorisondamine • Cisatracurium •
Coclaurine • Coronaridine • Dacuronium • Decamethonium • Dextromethorphan • Dextropropoxyphene • Dextrorphan • Diadonium
• DHβE • Dimethyltubocurarine (Metocurine) •
Dipyrandium • Dizocilpine (MK-801) • Doxacurium • Duador • Esketamine • Fazadinium • Gallamine • Hexafluronium • Hexamethonium (Benzohexonium) • Ibogaine • Ketamine • Kynurenic Acid •
Levacetylmethadol • Malouetine • Mecamylamine • Memantine • Methadone • Methorphan
(Racemethorphan) • Methyllycaconitine • Metocurine • Mivacurium • Morphanol (Racemorphanol) •
Neramexane • Pancuronium • Pempidine • Pentamine • Pentolinium • Phencyclidine • Pipecuronium • Radafaxine • Rapacuronium • Rocuronium • Surugatoxin • Suxamethonium
(Succinylcholine) • Toxiferine • Trimethaphan •
Tropeinium • Tubocurarine • Vecuronium
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Reuptake
Inhibitors |
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Enzyme
Inhibitors |
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1-(-Benzoylethyl)pyridinium •
2-(α-Naphthoyl)ethyltrimethylammonium • 3-Chloro-4-stillbazole •
4-(1-Naphthylvinyl)pyridine • Acetylseco Hemicholinium-3 •
Acryloylcholine • AF64A • B115 • BETA • CM-54,903 •
N,N-Dimethylaminoethylacrylate •
N,N-Dimethylaminoethylchloroacetate
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Many of the
acetylcholinesterase inhibitors listed above act as
butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors.
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Others |
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