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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For other uses, see Biography (disambiguation).
For the Wikipedia policy on biographies of living persons, see Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons.
.A biography is a description or account of someone's life and the times, which is usually published in the form of a book or an essay, or in some other form, such as a film.^ A comprehensive book about his life and work was published in Dutch at this time, and other books were in preparation.
  • M.C. Escher Biography Page 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC users.erols.com [Source type: General]

 ^ He wrote two books of essays and poems, praising among other things pacifism, anarchy, the Russian Revolution, and freethinking in general.
  • Borges - Biography of J.L. Borges 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.themodernword.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Baltimore North American , the same year his first book Tamerlane and Other Poems was published, at his own expense.

 .An autobiography (auto meaning "self," giving "self-biography") is a biography of a person's life written or told by that same person.^ This biography is condensed mostly from the biography written by Bruno Ernst for the book M.C. Escher - His Life and Complete Graphic Work , © 1981, with some material from original essays by M.C. Escher.
  • M.C. Escher Biography Page 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC users.erols.com [Source type: General]

 .A biography is more than a list of impersonal facts (education, work, relationships, and death), it also portrays the subject's experience of those events.^ The reader should consult the list of works cited , the printed full-length biographies section in the bibliography, and the Thomas Gray resources part of the Related Links section for more detailed information.
  • The Thomas Gray Archive : Materials : Biography - University of Oxford 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.thomasgray.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ While the biography is fairly complete, the timeline focuses more on his early life and the publishing dates of his works.

 ^ And in doing so he observed that sexual energy is more than just an idea, and that sexual gratification, in fact, alleviated neurotic symptoms.

 .Unlike a profile or curriculum vitae (résumé), a biography presents the subject's story, highlighting various aspects of his or her life, including intimate details of experiences, and may include an analysis of the subject's personality.^ Last but not least, I have read- but not understood- that the story is about the "vampiristic" aspect of art sucking the life out of the object it depicts.

 ^ The account of every aspect of his life has been preserved (numerous daily accounts including his family life).
  • Biography of Prophet Muhammad (s) with Links to Comparative Religion 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.cyberistan.org [Source type: Original source]
.A work is biographical if it covers all of a person's life.^ Indeed, the titles of Lishs Esquire anthologies, The Secret Life of Our Times (1973) and All Our Secrets Are the Same (1976), suggest a leitmotif of Carvers middle work.
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

 As such, biographical works are usually non-fiction, but fiction can also be used to portray a person's life. One in-depth form of biographical coverage is called legacy writing. .Together, all biographical works form the genre known as biography, in literature, film, and other forms of media.^ Biographical sketch The early years (1716-1741) The middle years (1742-1758) The later years (1759-1771) Conclusion Works cited Other "Lives" .
  • The Thomas Gray Archive : Materials : Biography - University of Oxford 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.thomasgray.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

Contents

Antiquity

A biography is real. .Ancient Greeks developed the biographical tradition which we have inherited, although until the 5th century AD, when the word 'biographia' first appears, in Damascius' "Life of Isodorus," biographical pieces were called simply "lives" (βιοι: "bioi").^ The first of a promised set of three volumes, Vivir para contarla details Gabo's life up until 1955.

 ^ Art of Worldly Wisdom Daily In the 1600s, Balthasar Gracian , a jesuit priest wrote 300 aphorisms on living life called "The Art of Worldly Wisdom."

 ^ Although coffee is generally considered Colombia's main export, for the first few decades of the twentieth century, bananas were also of crucial importance to the economy.

 .It is quite likely that the Greeks were drawing on a pre-existing eastern tradition; certainly Herodotus' Histories contains more detailed biographical information on Persian kings and subjects than on anyone else, implying he had a Persian source for it.^ Brenda has sold more records than any other woman in the history of recorded music.
  • Brenda Lee - Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.brendalee.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Charted in more categories (including Pop/Rock, Rock, Easy Listening and Country) than any other female in the history of recorded music.
  • Brenda Lee - Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.brendalee.com [Source type: General]

 .The earliest surviving pieces which we would identify as biographical are Isocrates' "Life of Evagoras" and Xenophon's "Life of Agesilaos," both from the fifth century BC. Both identified themselves as encomia, or works of praise, and that biography was regarded as a discrete entity from historiography is evidenced by the fact that Xenophon treated King Agesilaos of Sparta twice in his works, once in the above-mentioned encomium and once in his Greek History; evidently the two genres were conceived as making different demands of authors who enrolled in them.^ Once again, his life and work were changing.
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

 ^ It was a legacy that Borges would absorb with all the passion of an intellectual outsider seeking to identify with the allure of the dangerorus and the socially misbegotten, and it cast its spell over much of Borges’ earliest work.
  • Borges - Biography of J.L. Borges 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.themodernword.com [Source type: General]

 ^ His work was translated into English, and all at once he became in demand.
  • Borges - Biography of J.L. Borges 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.themodernword.com [Source type: General]

 .Xenophon could present his Cyropaedia, an account of the childhood of the Persian King Cyrus the Great now regarded as so fabulous that it falls rather into a novelistic tradition than a biographical one, as a serious work, without any disclaimers or caveats.^ "No one could have been more surprised than I was," he later said, "because I hadnt written any poetry in over two years.
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

 ^ Although widely acknowledged as "one of the great short-story writers of our time," he had been tagged a "minimalist," a dismissive label untrue to the spirit of his work.
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

 ^ He packed two lives into the space of less than one, insisting up to beyond his dying day that he was twice-born and happy.
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

 Whereas Thucydides set the benchmark for a historiographical tradition comprising 'conclusions ... drawn from proofs quoted ... [which] may safely be relied upon' (Thuc. 1.21), and offering little explicit judgement on the people with whom he dealt, biographers were quite often more concerned with drawing a moral point from their investigations of their subjects. .Parallel Lives by Plutarch, a Greek writing under the Roman empire, is a series of short biographies of eminent men, ancient and contemporary, arranged in pairs comprising one Greek, one Roman, in order that a broad educative point might be extracted from the comparison (for example Mark Antony and Demetrius were paradigms of tyranny, Lysander and Sulla examples of great men degenerating into blood-thirsty corruption).^ By now one of the most famous writers in the world, he eased into a lifestyle of writing, teaching, and political activism.

 ^ Although widely acknowledged as "one of the great short-story writers of our time," he had been tagged a "minimalist," a dismissive label untrue to the spirit of his work.
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

 ^ He packed two lives into the space of less than one, insisting up to beyond his dying day that he was twice-born and happy.
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]
.However, although their moralizing approach is not in fashion in the current intellectual climate, Greek biographies still have much to offer the modern reader, and for the most part it is reasonable to assume that while authors may have suppressed details which did not fall in with the general theme which they wished to convey, they are unlikely to have fabricated much.^ The reader should consult the list of works cited , the printed full-length biographies section in the bibliography, and the Thomas Gray resources part of the Related Links section for more detailed information.
  • The Thomas Gray Archive : Materials : Biography - University of Oxford 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.thomasgray.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 Not least, they were instrumental in developing the modern idea of the person. The traditional Greek attitude to individuals was to 'reduce them to types'; the Peripatetic tradition records various categories into which men might fall: the flatterer, the superstitious man and so on. Greek rhetorical handbooks give advice on 'ethopoia', that is creating a character, one of a recognised type, to win favour in the law courts.
.The biographical tradition does draw on these types, but it also gives explicit recognition to the importance of individual idiosyncrasies in defining a man, and places the emphasis firmly on a man's personality rather than merely listing his accomplishments.^ This version places more emphasis on the power of fate and the lack of personal choice in human lives.
  • Mary Shelley Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC people.brandeis.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .As Plutarch says in the introduction to his Life of Alexander the Great, 'in the most illustrious deeds there is not always a manifestation of virtue and vice, but a slight thing like a phrase or a jest often makes a greater revelation than battles where thousands fall, or the greatest armaments, or sieges of cities'. Thus the individual is recognised as having some value and interest irrespective of the impact of his actions on the broader sweep of history.^ During Gray's later years Nicholls was among his best friends, and he left some valuable "Reminiscences of Gray" , and an interesting correspondence with him.
  • The Thomas Gray Archive : Materials : Biography - University of Oxford 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.thomasgray.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ There he finished Este pueblo de mierda, his work which most directly addresses la violencia.

 ^ Reeve downplayed the disdain he felt for that comment: "As far as I'm concerned there is Superman and then there's Christopher Reeve, and I'm not interested in having them merge.
.Under the Roman Empire, the biographical and historiographical traditions converged somewhat, likely due to the nature of government, whereby the state was dominated by a single emperor with totalitarian power and whose character and actions set the tone for the period; Tacitus's History and his Annals, as well as Dio's History contain much of the same material as the biographer Suetonius's Lives of the Twelve Caesars.^ Even though the government was still military in nature, they decided that too much culture was wounded under the gentle graces of Juan Domingo and his lovely wife Evita.
  • Borges - Biography of J.L. Borges 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.themodernword.com [Source type: General]

 ^ The first day in the studio we cut three songs: ‘Come On Over,’ ‘Might As Well Be Making Love’ and ‘Sipping On History.’ I had been living with the demos for so long, it just happened.
  • Jessica Simpson Biography | The Official Jessica Simpson Site 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.jessicasimpson.com [Source type: General]

 ^ This letter captures very well the tone of his personal correspondence during this period, and also his aversion to the trapping of celebrity.
  • M.C. Escher Biography Page 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC users.erols.com [Source type: General]

 However, although Tacitus in particular was extremely critical of the regime, his disapproval emerges in subtle characterisation and arrangement of his material, in contrast with Suetonius' vicious authorial comment.

Middle Ages and Renaissance

The Early Middle Ages (AD 400 to 1450) saw a decline in awareness of classical culture in Europe. During this time, the only repositories of knowledge and records of early history in Europe was the Roman Catholic Church. Hermits, monks and priests used this historic period to write the first modern biographies. Their subjects were usually restricted to church fathers, martyrs, popes and saints. Their works were meant to be inspirational to people, vehicles for conversion to Christianity. See hagiography. .One significant example of biography from this period which does not exactly fit into that mold is the life of Charlemagne as written by his courtier Einhard.^ This biography is condensed mostly from the biography written by Bruno Ernst for the book M.C. Escher - His Life and Complete Graphic Work , © 1981, with some material from original essays by M.C. Escher.
  • M.C. Escher Biography Page 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC users.erols.com [Source type: General]
Meanwhile in the medieval Islamic civilization, biographies began being produced on a large scale with the advent of paper, beginning with the Prophetic biography tradition. .This led to the introduction of a new literary genre: the biographical dictionary.^ William L. Stull, professor of rhetoric at the University of Hartford, authored this biographical essay of Raymond Carver, initially published in the Dictionary of Literary Biography , which holds the copyright.
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

 The first biographical dictionaries were written in the Muslim world from the 9th century onwards. .They contain more social data for a large segment of the population than that found in any other pre-industrial society.^ Krzyzewski has placed his team in more NCAA tournament Final Fours than any coaches other than UCLA's Wooden and Dean Smith of North Carolina.
  • Mike Krzyzewski Biography -- Academy of Achievement 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.achievement.org [Source type: General]

 ^ In that year, they had played more games than any other team in the history of college basketball.
  • Mike Krzyzewski Biography -- Academy of Achievement 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.achievement.org [Source type: General]

 .The earliest biographical dictionaries initially focused on the lives of the prophets of Islam and the their companions, with one of the earliest examples being The Book of The Major Classes by Ibn Sa'd al-Baghdadi, and then began documenting the lives of many other historical figures (from rulers to scholars) who lived in the medieval Islamic world.^ Biographical sketch The early years (1716-1741) The middle years (1742-1758) The later years (1759-1771) Conclusion Works cited Other "Lives" .
  • The Thomas Gray Archive : Materials : Biography - University of Oxford 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.thomasgray.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ William L. Stull, professor of rhetoric at the University of Hartford, authored this biographical essay of Raymond Carver, initially published in the Dictionary of Literary Biography , which holds the copyright.
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

 ^ So, Christopher Reeve turned his focus away from his paralysis and began figuring out how he could live afresh.

 [1]
By the late Middle Ages, biographies became less church-oriented in Europe as biographies of kings, knights and tyrants began to appear. The most famous of these such biographies was 'Le Morte d'Arthur' by Sir Thomas Malory. The book was an account of the life of the fabled King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table. Following Malory, the new emphasis on humanism during the Renaissance promoted a focus on secular subjects such as artists and poets, and encouraged writing in the vernacular. Giorgio Vasari's Lives of the Artists (1550) was a landmark biography focusing on secular lives. Vasari created celebrities of his subjects, as the Lives became an early "best seller." .Two other developments are noteworthy: the development of the printing press in the fifteenth century and the gradual increase in literacy.^ Walpole was setting up his printing-press at Strawberry Hill , and begged Gray to let him begin with the two odes as the first-fruits of the press.
  • The Thomas Gray Archive : Materials : Biography - University of Oxford 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.thomasgray.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Biographies in the English language began appearing during the reign of Henry VIII. John Foxe’s Acts and Monuments (1563), better known as Foxe's Book of Martyrs, essentially was the first dictionary of biography in Europe, followed by Thomas Fuller’s The History of the Worthies of England (1662), with a distinct focus on public life.^ What with his appearance in the respected "Foley collection," the impending publication of his first book, with the death of his father, 1967 was a landmark year.
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

 ^ "It was important for me to be a writer from the West," Carver recalled of the period that led up to the publication of his first book of poems, Near Klamath , by the English Club of Sacramento State College in 1968.
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

 ^ The following spring it won the O. Henry Award and appeared in Prize Stories 1988 .
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

Modern biography

The "Golden Age" of English biography emerged in the late eighteenth century, the century in which the terms "biography" and "autobiography" entered the English lexicon. .The classic works of the period were Samuel Johnson's Critical Lives of the Poets (1779-81) and James Boswell's massive Life of Johnson (1791).^ Small as the amount of Gray's poetical work had been he was recognized as one of the greatest living poets.
  • The Thomas Gray Archive : Materials : Biography - University of Oxford 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.thomasgray.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Johnson, Samuel: "The Life of Gray" (1781) [e-text] , from The Lives of the Poets , ed.
  • The Thomas Gray Archive : Materials : Biography - University of Oxford 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.thomasgray.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 The Boswellian approach to biography emphasized uncovering material and letting the subject "speak for itself." While Boswell compiled, Samuel Johnson composed. Johnson did not follow a chronological narration of the subject's life but used anecdotes and incidents selectively. Johnson rejected the notion that facts revealed truth. He suggested that biographers should seek their subject in "domestic privacies", to find little known facts or anecdotes which revealed character. (Casper, 1999)
The romantic biographers disputed many of Johnson's judgments. .Jean Jacques Rousseau's Confessions (1781-88) exploited the romantic point of view and the confessional mode.^ Having studied progressive educational authorities, from Jean-Jacques Rousseau to his contemporaries, Godwin also attempted to adopt many of Wollstonecraft's child-care practices.
  • Mary Shelley Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC people.brandeis.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 The tradition of testimony and confession was brought to the New World by Puritan and Quaker memoirists and journal-keepers where the form continued to be influential. Benjamin Franklin's autobiography (1791) would provide the archetype for the American success story. (Stone, 1982) Autobiography would remain an influential form of biographical writing.
Generally American biography followed the English model, while incorporating Thomas Carlyle's view that biography was a part of history. Carlyle asserted that the lives of great human beings were essential to understanding society and its institutions. While the historical impulse would remain a strong element in early American biography, American writers carved out their own distinct approach. What emerged was a rather didactic form of biography which sought to shape individual character of the reader in the process of defining national character. (Casper, 1999)
.The distinction between mass biography and literary biography which had formed by the middle of the nineteenth century reflected a breach between high culture and middle-class culture.^ Although initially forming around the nucleus of two distinct and different ideologies, long years of bloody conflict have served to erode significantly the distinctions between the parties.

 This division would endure for the remainder of the century. Biography began to flower thanks to new publishing technologies and an expanding reading public. This revolution in publishing made books available to a larger audience of readers. .Almost ten times as many American biographies appeared from 1840 to 1860 than had appeared in the first two decades of the century.^ Although coffee is generally considered Colombia's main export, for the first few decades of the twentieth century, bananas were also of crucial importance to the economy.

 ^ Reeve said, "On the first day of practice, I noticed that there were only two Americans and the rest were Canadians.

 ^ In a Marine Light , a conflation of the first two books, appeared in England in 1987.
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

 .In addition, affordable paperback editions of popular biographies were published for the first time.^ Both editions appeared in 1768, both contained the same poems, including "The Fatal Sisters" , "The Descent of Odin" , and "The Triumphs of Owen" , then first published.
  • The Thomas Gray Archive : Materials : Biography - University of Oxford 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.thomasgray.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 Also, American periodicals began publishing series of biographical sketches. (Casper, 1999) The topical emphasis shifted from republican heroes to self-made men and women.
Much of late 19th-century biography remained formulaic. Notably, few autobiographies had been written in the 19th century. .The following century witnessed a renaissance of autobiography beginning with Booker T. Washington's, Up From Slavery (1901) and followed by Henry Adams' Education (1907), a chronicle of self-defined failure which ran counter to the predominant American success story.^ The following spring it won the O. Henry Award and appeared in Prize Stories 1988 .
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

 The publication of socially significant autobiographies by both men and women began to flourish. (Stone, 1982)
The authority of psychology and sociology was ascendant and would make its mark on the new century’s biographies. (Stone, 1982) The demise of the "great man" theory of history was indicative of the emerging mindset. Human behavior would be explained through Darwinian theories. "Sociological" biographies conceived of their subjects' actions as the result of the environment, and tended to downplay individuality. The development of psychoanalysis led to a more penetrating and comprehensive understanding of the biographical subject, and induced biographers to give more emphasis to childhood and adolescence. .Clearly, psychological ideas were changing the way Americans read and wrote biographies, as a culture of autobiography developed in which the telling of one's own story became a form of therapy.^ And yet listen he did, for his grandmother had a unique way of telling stories.

 ^ "In the best fiction," he wrote "the central character, the hero or heroine, is also the moved character, the one to whom something happens in the story that makes a difference .
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

 ^ He travelled around a bit, worked on some story ideas, and finally became formally engaged to Mercedes Barcha.

 (Casper, 1999)
The conventional concept of national heroes and narratives of success disappeared in the obsession with psychological explorations of personality. The new school of biography featured iconoclasts, scientific analysts, and fictional biographers. This wave included Lytton Strachey, Gamaliel Bradford, André Maurois, and Emil Ludwig among others. Strachey's biographies had an influence similar to that which Samuel Johnson had enjoyed earlier. In the 1920s and '30s, biographical writers sought to capitalize on Strachey's popularity and imitate his style. Robert Graves (I, Claudius, 1934) stood out among those following Strachey's model of "debunking biographies." The trend in literary biography was accompanied in popular biography by a sort of "celebrity voyeurism." in the early decades of the century. This latter form's appeal to readers was based on curiosity more than morality or patriotism.
By World War I, cheap hard-cover reprints had become popular. The decades of the 1920s witnessed a biographical "boom." .In 1929, nearly 700 biographies were published in the United States, and the first dictionary of American biography appeared.^ William L. Stull, professor of rhetoric at the University of Hartford, authored this biographical essay of Raymond Carver, initially published in the Dictionary of Literary Biography , which holds the copyright.
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

 ^ Both editions appeared in 1768, both contained the same poems, including "The Fatal Sisters" , "The Descent of Odin" , and "The Triumphs of Owen" , then first published.
  • The Thomas Gray Archive : Materials : Biography - University of Oxford 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.thomasgray.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 In the decade that followed, numerous biographies continued to be published despite the economic depression. They reached a growing audience through inexpensive formats and via public libraries.
According to the scholar Caroyln Heilbrun, women's biographies were revolutionized during the second wave of feminist activism in the 1970s. At this time women began to be portrayed more accurately, even if it downplayed the achievements or integrity of a man (Heilbrun 12).

Multi-media forms

.With the technological advancements created in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, multi-media forms of biography became much more popular than literary forms of personality.^ Wordsworth ( Preface to Lyrical Ballads [1802]) and others upon his work are, in fact, seldom more than a defence of current literary practice.
  • The Thomas Gray Archive : Materials : Biography - University of Oxford 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.thomasgray.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 The popularity of these forms of biography culminated in the creation of such cable and satellite television networks as A&E, The Biography Channel, The History Channel and History International. Along with documentary film biographies, Hollywood produced numerous commercial films based on the lives of famous people. Also, new web 2.0 applications such as annoknips.com enable users all over the world to compile their own biography and illustrate it with other people's photos.
.More recently, CD-ROM and online biographies are appearing.^ Tickets 05.11.10 Dublin, Ireland 02 Arena More shows » Fans Online Latest Comments More fans There is no recent activity .
  • Biography | The Official Rod Stewart Site 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.rodstewart.com [Source type: General]

 .Unlike books and films, they often do not tell a chronological story; instead, they are archives of many discrete media elements related to an individual person, including video clips, photographs, and text articles.^ Instead of limiting the communication of his story to letters, books and videos subject to edit, Reeve chose the lecture circuit.

 ^ There have been numerous collections of his works published and many of them have been inspiration for popular television and film adaptations including The Tell-Tale Heart, The Black Cat, and The Raven.

 ^ We wrote, lectured, produced books, concerts, benefits, infomercials, records and tapes, film and video.
  • bio 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC raenergy.igc.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Media scholar Lev Manovich says that such archives exemplify the database form, allowing users to navigate the materials in many ways (Manovich 220).^ Ficciones was translated into several languages and made its way into many countries, becoming the first Latin American work to achieve such attention.
  • Borges - Biography of J.L. Borges 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.themodernword.com [Source type: General]

Book awards

Annually, several countries offer their writers a specific prize for writing a biography such as the:

See also

Biography portal

Notes

  1. ^ Josef W. Meri (2005), Medieval Islamic civilization: an encyclopedia, 2, Routledge, p. 110, ISBN 0415966906 

References

  • Casper, Scott E. Constructing American Lives: Biography and Culture in Nineteenth-Century America. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999.
  • Heilbrun, Carolyn. .Writing a Woman's Life. New York: Ballantine Books, 1989.
  • Manovich, Lev.^ Where Im Calling From received glowing notices from coast to coast, including front-page coverage in the New York Times Book Review .
    • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

     ^ "Ive got fish to catch and stories and poems to write," he told the New York Times two months before his death.
    • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

     The Language of New Media. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2001.
  • Stone, Albert E. Autobiographical Occasions and Original Acts. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1982.

Further reading

  • Ames, Noel. These Wonderful People: Intimate Moments in their Lives, 1947.

External links


Quotes

Up to date as of January 14, 2010

From Wikiquote

.Biography (from the Greek words bios meaning "life", and graphein meaning "write") is a genre of literature and other forms of media such as film, based on the written accounts of individual lives.^ In the living organism: Bio-energy, Life Energy .

 ^ This account largely focuses on Gray's life in relation to his poetry, it touches only briefly on his other important and fruitful activities, namely his extensive scholarly work and his letter-writing.
  • The Thomas Gray Archive : Materials : Biography - University of Oxford 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.thomasgray.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ I have to Psychoanalyse some of Poes poems and write an essay where I compare two other pieces of gothic literature for my Coursework.

 While a biography may focus on a subject of fiction or non-fiction, the term is usually in reference to non-fiction.

Unsourced

  • Biography, especially the biography of the great and good, who have risen by their own exertions from poverty and obscurity to eminence and usefulness, is an inspiring and ennobling study. Its direct tendency is to reproduce the excellence it records.
  • The great lesson of biography is to show what man can be and do at his best. A noble life put fairly on record acts like an inspiration to others. .
  • To be ignorant of the lives of the most celebrated men of antiquity is to continue in a state of childhood all our days.^ During the day he was the busiest man, as he performed his duties in many roles all at once as head of state, chief justice, commander-in-chief, arbitrator, instructor and family man.
    • Biography of Prophet Muhammad (s) with Links to Comparative Religion 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.cyberistan.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ Join our Sonnet-A-Day Newsletter and read them all, one at a time.

     ^ All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players; They have their exits and their entrances, and most of the men and women are cheated out of their part.
    • bio 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC raenergy.igc.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

External links

Wikipedia
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Look up biography in Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Source material

Up to date as of January 22, 2010

From Wikisource

Biography
by John Masefield
Information about this edition
.When I am buried, all my thoughts and acts
Will be reduced to lists of dates and facts,
And long before this wandering flesh is rotten
The dates which made me will be all forgotten;
And none will know the gleam there used to be
About the feast days freshly kept by me,
But men will call the golden hour of bliss
"About this time," or "shortly after this."^ In fact, Nastia lists her performance in the floor final, alongside the all around, as the highlight of her Olympic experience.
  • Nastia Liukin's Official Website    ///    NASTIALIUKIN.COM 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.nastialiukin.com [Source type: General]

 ^ There, he flirted with socialism, avoided the notice of the current dictator Gustavo Rojas Pinilla, and pondered about his duty as a writer in the time of la violencia.

 ^ "And I thought, 'Really my job here is to be the voice for the many, many spouses who are caregivers, who don't have the advantage of the world patting them on the back every day.'"

Men do not heed the rungs by which men climb
Those glittering steps, those milestones upon time,
Those tombstones of dead selves, those hours of birth,
Those moments of the soul in years of earth.
They mark the height achieved, the main result,
The power of freedom in the perished cult,
The power of boredom in the dead man’s deeds
Not the bright moments of the sprinkled seeds.
.
By many waters and on many ways
I have known golden instants and bright days;
The day on which, beneath an arching sail,
I saw the Cordilleras and gave hail;
The summer day on which in heart’s delight
I saw the Swansea Mumbles bursting white,
The glittering day when all the waves wore flags
And the ship Wanderer came with sails in rags;
That curlew-calling time in Irish dusk
When life became more splendid than its husk,
When the rent chapel on the brae at Slains
Shone with a doorway opening beyond brains;
The dawn when, with a brace-block’s creaking cry,
Out of the mist a little barque slipped by,
Spilling the mist with changing gleams of red,
Then gone, with one raised hand and one turned head;
The howling evening when the spindrift’s mists
Broke to display the four Evangelists,
Snow-capped, divinely granite, lashed by breakers,
Wind-beaten bones of long-since-buried acres;
The night alone near water when I heard
All the sea’s spirit spoken by a bird;
The English dusk when I beheld once more
(With eyes so changed) the ship, the citied shore,
The lines of masts, the streets so cheerly trod
In happier seasons, and gave thanks to God.^ His work was translated into English, and all at once he became in demand.
  • Borges - Biography of J.L. Borges 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.themodernword.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Once again, his life and work were changing.
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

 ^ And I want to thank God once more for allowing me to be here with you.” .
.All had their beauty, their bright moments” gift,
Their something caught from Time, the ever-swift.^ The old masters were, in his opinion, the most technically gifted painters of all time.
  • Bernard Safran Website: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.safran-arts.com [Source type: General]
.
All of those gleams were golden; but life’s hands
Have given more constant gifts in changing lands;
And when I count those gifts, I think them such
As no man’s bounty could have bettered much:
The gift of country life, near hills and woods
Where happy waters sing in solitudes,
The gift of being near ships, of seeing each day
A city of ships with great ships under weigh,
The great street paved with water, filled with shipping,
And all the world’s flags flying and seagulls dipping.^ He was a much sought-after naval commander because he knew the waters around England, could handle a ship in bad weather and get the most from his crew.
  • http://www.quaker.org/wmpenn.html 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.quaker.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Love and Death,beautiful and divine nexus to express strength and power of the ones who are in Love.The most beautiful poem ever composed by God to be given Human Beings, is Love.All Music,Paintings,Literature and Poetry make only the expressions of this Divine gift.From such an superior source many generations has been inspired and the best minds of the world created their magnificent pieces.

 ^ Driven by a superhuman desire to fulfill the promise of research and invent things to serve mankind, no one did more to help realize our Puritan founders dream of creating a country that - at its best - would be viewed by the rest of the world as "a shining city upon a hill."
  • Edison Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.thomasedison.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.
Yet when I am dust my penman may not know
Those water-trampling ships which made me glow,
But think my wonder mad and fail to find,
Their glory, even dimly, from my mind,
And yet they made me.^ Out my my love for all things Poe, I am going to attempt a thread discussing Poe's poetic works, becasue I think they are fantastic.

 ^ In the summer of 1871 he made a journey through Iceland, the effects of which upon his mind may be traced in much of his later work.
  • William Morris Society: Biographies of William Morris 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.morrissociety.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Not alone the ships,
But men hard-palmed from tallying-on to whips,
The two close friends of nearly twenty years
Sea-followers both, sea-wrestlers and sea-peers,
Whose feet with mine wore many a bolthead bright
Treading the decks beneath the riding light.^ Nearly two hundred years later, the story of his creation still inspires stage, film, video, and television productions.
  • Mary Shelley Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC people.brandeis.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Twenty years earlier, Valeri had come agonizingly close to winning the same title until a small mistep on a landing cost him 0.1 and with it the gold medal.
  • Nastia Liukin's Official Website    ///    NASTIALIUKIN.COM 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.nastialiukin.com [Source type: General]

 ^ The Prophet performed his first and last pilgrimage in 632 CE. One hundred twenty-thousand men and women performed pilgrimage that year with him.
  • Biography of Prophet Muhammad (s) with Links to Comparative Religion 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.cyberistan.org [Source type: Original source]
.Yet death will make that warmth of friendship cold,
And who’ll know what one said and what one told,
Our hearts” communion, and the broken spells
When the loud call blew at the strike of bells?^ Mary wanted to think of a story "which would speak to the mysterious fears of our nature and awake thrilling horror--one to make the reader dread to look round, to curdle the blood, and quicken the beatings of the heart."
  • Mary Shelley Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC people.brandeis.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ With the release of Do You Know, the world will receive the most honest understanding yet of who Jessica Simpson really is.
  • Jessica Simpson Biography | The Official Jessica Simpson Site 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.jessicasimpson.com [Source type: General]

 ^ "Youre told time and again when youre young to write about what you know," Carver later said, "and what do you know better than your own secrets?"
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]
.No one, I know, yet let me be believed,
A soul entirely known is life achieved.^ As I have stated above, there is, as far as I know, no coherent interpretation of this short story, maybe apart from the explanation of one critic who believes the tale to be one of Poe's hoaxes.

 ^ What at the time he called "The Other Life" "The one without mistakes" had yet to begin.
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]
.
Years blank with hardship never speak a word
Live in the soul to make the being stirred;
Towns can be prisons where the spirit dulls
Away from mates and ocean-wandering hulls,
Away from all bright water and great hills
And sheep-walks where the curlews cry their fills;
Away in towns, where eyes have nought to see
But dead museums and miles of misery
And floating life un-rooted from man’s need
And miles of fish-hooks baited to catch greed
And life made wretched out of human ken
And miles of shopping women served by men.^ Through the years, a man peoples a space with images of provinces, kingdoms, mountains, bays, ships, islands, fishes, rooms, tools, stars, horses, and people.
  • Borges - Biography of J.L. Borges 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.themodernword.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Mans right to know, to learn, to inquire, to make bona fide errors, to investigate human emotions must, by all means, be safe, if the word FREEDOM should ever be more than an empty political slogan.

 ^ As a Quaker, Penn encouraged women to get an education and speak out as men did.
  • http://www.quaker.org/wmpenn.html 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.quaker.org [Source type: Original source]
.So, if the penman sums my London days,
Let him but say that there were holy ways,
Dull Bloomsbury streets of dull brick mansions old
With stinking doors where women stood to scold
And drunken waits at Christmas with their horn
Droning the news, in snow, that Christ was born;
And windy gas lamps and the wet roads shining
And that old carol of the midnight whining,
And that old room above the noisy slum
Where there was wine and fire and talk with some
Under strange pictures of the wakened soul
To whom this earth was but a burnt-out coal.^ And some began to say the threats, or talk about the threats that were out.

 ^ Every day, as many as 200 petitioners waited outside Holland House, his London lodgings, hoping for an audience and help.
  • http://www.quaker.org/wmpenn.html 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.quaker.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ For some time he cannot avert his gaze from the picture and when he finally manages to to do so, he looks up the picture in an old volume claiming to describe the pictures of this room and their history.


O Time, bring back those midnights and those friends,
Those glittering moments that a spirit lends,
That all may be imagined from the flash,
The cloud-hid god-game through the lightning gash;
Those hours of stricken sparks from which men took
Light to send out to men in song or book;
Those friends who heard St. Pancras’ bells strike two,
Yet stayed until the barber’s cockerel crew,
Talking of noble styles, the Frenchman’s best,
The thought beyond great poets not expressed,
The glory of mood where human frailty failed,
The forts of human light not yet assailed,
Till the dim room had mind and seemed to brood,
Binding our wills to mental brotherhood;
Till we became a college, and each night
Was discipline and manhood and delight;
Till our farewells and winding down the stairs
At each grey dawn had meaning that Time spares
That we, so linked, should roam the whole world round
Teaching the ways our brooding minds had found,
Making that room our Chapter, our one mind
Where all that this world soiled should be refined.

Often at night I tread those streets again
And see the alleys glimmering in the rain,
Yet now I miss that sign of earlier tramps,
A house with shadows of plane-boughs under lamps,
The secret house where once a beggar stood,
Trembling and blind, to show his woe for food.
.And now I miss that friend who used to walk
Home to my lodgings with me, deep in talk,
Wearing the last of night out in still streets
Trodden by us and policemen on their beats
And cats, but else deserted; now I miss
That lively mind and guttural laugh of his
And that strange way he had of making gleam,
Like something real, the art we used to dream.^ He carefully compares different versions of critical events and catches the flavor of Ellsberg's talk as well as the rhythm of his walk, and what my father used to call the saintly simplicity of his character.
  • Edward Ellsberg - official web site 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.edwardellsberg.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ WHERE'S MICHELLE NOW Seeking new challenges in the new millennium In 1999, Michelle was engaged to Dr. Alan Heldman, an American cardiologist who lives in Baltimore.
  • Michelle Yeoh Web Theatre: Michelle Yeoh Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC michelleyeoh.info [Source type: General]

 ^ And while they saw something useful in socialism, García Márquez realized with a sense of depression that communism could be just as terrible as la violencia.
.
London has been my prison; but my books
Hills and great waters, labouring men and brooks,
Ships and deep friendships and remembered days
Which even now set all my mind ablaze,
As that June day when, in the red bricks” chinks
I saw the old Roman ruins white with pinks
And felt the hillside haunted even then
By not dead memory of the Roman men;
And felt the hillside thronged by souls unseen
Who knew the interest in me, and were keen
That man alive should understand man dead
So many centuries since the blood was shed,
And quickened with strange hush because this comer
Sensed a strange soul alive behind the summer.^ I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed; ‘We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.’ I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave-owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.

 ^ Lying far over on its side in 132 feet of storm-tossed winter water, the S-51 presented formidable salvage problems, Ellsberg, who had qualified as a diver, rounded up about all the divers the Navy had and set to work.
  • Edward Ellsberg - official web site 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.edwardellsberg.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ During the day he was the busiest man, as he performed his duties in many roles all at once as head of state, chief justice, commander-in-chief, arbitrator, instructor and family man.
  • Biography of Prophet Muhammad (s) with Links to Comparative Religion 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.cyberistan.org [Source type: Original source]

That other day on Ercall when the stones
Were sunbleached white, like long unburied bones,
While the bees droned and all the air was sweet
From honey buried underneath my feet,
Honey of purple heather and white clover
Sealed in its gummy bags till summer’s over.
.Then other days by water, by bright sea,
Clear as clean glass, and my bright friend with me;
The cove clean bottomed where we saw the brown
Red spotted plaice go skimming six feet down,
And saw the long fronds waving, white with shells,
Waving, unfolding, drooping, to the swells;
That sadder day when we beheld the great
And terrible beauty of a Lammas spate
Roaring white-mouthed in all the great cliff’s gaps,
Headlong, tree-tumbling fury of collapse,
While drenching clouds drove by and every sense
Was water roaring or rushing or in offence,
And mountain sheep stood huddled and blown gaps gleamed
Where torn white hair of torrents shook and streamed.^ Beyond the Chalk Keeping It All In Perspective Nastia has a very busy schedule every week splitting her time between two training sessions a day and the many other commitments of a professional athlete and student.
  • Nastia Liukin's Official Website    ///    NASTIALIUKIN.COM 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.nastialiukin.com [Source type: General]

 ^ To this day, I keep and treasure battered copies of Commander Edward Ellsberg's books On the Bottom , Men Under the Sea , and Under the Red Sea Sun - books I read and read again as a teenager.
  • Edward Ellsberg - official web site 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.edwardellsberg.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ He and his family used to go without cooked meal several days at a time, relying only on dates, dried bread and water.
  • Biography of Prophet Muhammad (s) with Links to Comparative Religion 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.cyberistan.org [Source type: Original source]
.That sadder day when we beheld again
A spate going down in sunshine after rain
When the blue reach of water leaping bright
Was one long ripple and clatter, flecked with white.^ He and his family used to go without cooked meal several days at a time, relying only on dates, dried bread and water.
  • Biography of Prophet Muhammad (s) with Links to Comparative Religion 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.cyberistan.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Brenda turned down the offer to go see one of her favorite entertainers, country music singer Red Foley.
  • Brenda Lee - Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.brendalee.com [Source type: General]
.And that far day, that never blotted page
When youth was bright like flowers about old age,
Fair generations bringing thanks for life
To that old kindly man and trembling wife
After their sixty years: Time never made
A better beauty since the Earth was laid,
Than that thanksgiving given to grey hair
For the great gift of life which brought them there.^ But if Carvers death cuts his short story, there is about his life, his lives, a sense of consummation.
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

 ^ There were just two portraits of Penn painted during his lifetime, one depicting him as a handsome youth, the other as a stout old man.
  • http://www.quaker.org/wmpenn.html 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.quaker.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ At that time, Khadijah was twice widowed and forty years old.
  • Biography of Prophet Muhammad (s) with Links to Comparative Religion 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.cyberistan.org [Source type: Original source]


Days of endeavour have been good: the days
Racing in cutters for the comrade’s praise.
.The day they led my cutter at the turn,
Yet could not keep the lead, and dropped astern;
The moment in the spurt when both boats’ oars
Dipped in each other’s wash, and throats grew hoarse,
And teeth ground into teeth, and both strokes quickened
Lashing the sea, and gasps came, and hearts sickened,
And coxswains damned us, dancing, banking stroke,
To put our weights on, though our hearts were broke,
And both boats seemed to stick and sea seemed glue,
The tide a mill-race we were struggling through;
And every quick recover gave us squints
Of them still there, and oar-tossed water-glints,
And cheering came, our friends, our foemen cheering,
A long, wild, rallying murmur on the hearing,
"Port Fore!"^ And I still have all my teeth."

 ^ However, there is one thing they will never get me to do and that is wear a decoration in my buttonhole.
  • M.C. Escher Biography Page 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC users.erols.com [Source type: General]

 ^ I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character.

 and "Starboard Fore!" "Port Fore!" "Port Fore!"
."Up with her, Starboard," and at that each oar
Lightened, though arms were bursting, and eyes shut,
And the oak stretchers grunted in the strut,
And the curse quickened from the cox, our bows
Crashed, and drove talking water, we made vows,
Chastity vows and temperance; in our pain
We numbered things we’d never eat again
If we could only win; then came the yell
“Starboard,” “Port Fore,” and then a beaten bell
Rung as for fire to cheer us.^ On 19 March 1815 she recorded in her journal: "Dream that my little baby came to life again--that it had only been cold & that we rubbed it before the fire & it lived."
  • Mary Shelley Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC people.brandeis.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 “Now.” Oars bent,
Soul took the looms now body’s bolt was spent,
“Give way, come on now!” “On now!” “On now!” “Starboard.”
“Port Fore!” “Up with her, Port!”; each cutter harboured
Ten eye-shut painsick strugglers, “Heave, oh heave,”
Catcalls waked echoes like a shrieking sheave.
“Heave,” and I saw a back, then two. “Port Fore,”
“Starboard,” “Come on”; I saw the midship oar,
And knew we had done them. “Port Fore!” “Starboard!” “Now!”
I saw bright water spurting at their bow,
Their cox” full face an instant. They were done.
The watchers” cheering almost drowned the gun.
We had hardly strength to toss our oars; our cry
Cheering the losing cutter was a sigh.
.
Other bright days of action have seemed great:
Wild days in a pampero off the Plate;
Good swimming days, at Hog Back or the Coves
Which the young gannet and the corbie loves;
Surf-swimming between rollers, catching breath
Between the advancing grave and breaking death,
Then shooting up into the sunbright smooth
To watch the advancing roller bare her tooth;
And days of labour also, loading, hauling;
Long days at winch or capstan, heaving, pawling;
The days with oxen, dragging stone from blasting,
And dusty days in mills, and hot days masting.^ The "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard" was composed over a long period of time, it was probably taken up again in the winter of 1749, upon the death of his aunt Mary.
  • The Thomas Gray Archive : Materials : Biography - University of Oxford 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.thomasgray.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Young Will inherited his father's love of ice hockey and watching his son play the game became one of Reeve's greatest pleasures after his injury.

 ^ With D-Day only a few weeks off, Ellsberg's intervention was instrumental in breaking a deadlock between the Admiralty and the Royal Engineers, which threatened to jeopardize the invasion.
  • Edward Ellsberg - official web site 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.edwardellsberg.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.Trucking on dust-dry deckings smooth like ice,
And hunts in mighty wool-racks after mice;
Mornings with buckwheat when the fields did blanch
With White Leghorns come from the chicken ranch;
Days near the spring upon the sunburnt hill,
Plying the maul or gripping tight the drill;
Delights of work most real, delights that change
The headache life of towns to rapture strange
Not known by townsmen, nor imagined; health
That puts new glory upon mental wealth
And makes the poor man rich.^ Once again, his life and work were changing.
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

 ^ His new rooms included a studio, but his health was too poor to do much work.
  • M.C. Escher Biography Page 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC users.erols.com [Source type: General]

 ^ This became the basis for the famous print Day and Night , which is still one of his most popular single works.
  • M.C. Escher Biography Page 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC users.erols.com [Source type: General]

But that ends, too.
.Health, with its thoughts of life; and that bright view,
That sunny landscape from life’s peak, that glory,
And all a glad man’s comments on life’s story,
And thoughts of marvellous towns and living men,
And what pens tell, and all beyond the pen,
End, and are summed in words so truly dead
They raise no image of the heart and head,
The life, the man alive, the friend we knew,
The minds ours argued with or listened to,
None; but are dead, and all life’s keenness, all,
Is dead as print before the funeral;
Even deader after, when the dates are sought,
And cold minds disagree with what we thought.^ Marshall summed her up as a "clever, bustling, second-rate woman, glib of tongue and pen, with a temper undisciplined and uncontrolled; not bad-hearted, but with a complete absence of all the finer sensibilities."
  • Mary Shelley Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC people.brandeis.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ During the day he was the busiest man, as he performed his duties in many roles all at once as head of state, chief justice, commander-in-chief, arbitrator, instructor and family man.
  • Biography of Prophet Muhammad (s) with Links to Comparative Religion 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.cyberistan.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ I know it's not really systematic and no coherent interpretation, but maybe it gives some food for thought for other people who are also reading this story and wondering what it is about.
.
This many-pictured world of many passions
Wears out the nations as a woman fashions,
And what life is is much to very few;
Men being so strange, so mad, and what men do
So good to watch or share; but when men count
Those hours of life that were a bursting fount
Sparkling the dusty heart with living springs,
There seems a world, beyond our earthly things,
Gated by golden moments, each bright time
Opening to show the city white like lime,
High-towered and many-peopled.^ He moved beyond Hopelessville toward a small, good thing that he knew to be lasting.
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

 ^ But if Carvers death cuts his short story, there is about his life, his lives, a sense of consummation.
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

 ^ He, on the other hand, caught up in his excited passions, was eager to live out his theory of "free love," encouraging Claire's affections.
  • Mary Shelley Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC people.brandeis.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .This made sure,
Work that obscures those moments seems impure,
Making our not-returning time of breath
Dull with the ritual and records of death,
That frost of fact by which our wisdom gives
Correctly stated death to all that lives.^ Join our Sonnet-A-Day Newsletter and read them all, one at a time.

 ^ Join our newsletter below and read them all, one at a time.

 ^ Although widely acknowledged as "one of the great short-story writers of our time," he had been tagged a "minimalist," a dismissive label untrue to the spirit of his work.
  • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

Best trust the happy moments. .What they gave
Makes man less fearful of the certain grave,
And gives his work compassion and new eyes.^ When this did not work, they tried to convince his uncle Abu Talib to accept the best young man of Makkah in place of Muhammad and to allow them to kill Muhammad.
  • Biography of Prophet Muhammad (s) with Links to Comparative Religion 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.cyberistan.org [Source type: Original source]
The days that make us happy make us wise.
PD-icon.svg This work is in the .public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1923. It may be copyrighted outside the U.S. (see Help:Public domain).^ (It was recently published in the United States by Knopf, who will bring out an English translation sometime in late 2003.

 ^ This book has not yet been published, and García Márquez claims that he is holding it until relations between Cuba and the United States are normalized.

 ^ In 1970, it was published in English and was chosen as one of the best twelve books of the year in the United States.

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1911 encyclopedia

Up to date as of January 14, 2010
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From LoveToKnow 1911

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Wikibooks

Up to date as of January 23, 2010

From Wikibooks, the open-content textbooks collection

< Choosing High Quality Children's Literature
By Beth Constantine and Cheryl Hartman
.Biographies fall under the category of Non-Fiction/Informational Books.^ This is true not only because of her non-fiction books "For Queen and Country" and "A Writer's Britain" but also for her novels.
  • Margaret Drabble: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.redmood.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ The books tend to fall in the gray zone between memoir and fiction.
  • Sara Davidson - Leap! What shall we do with the rest of our lives? 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.saradavidson.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Secondary sources include other biographies, reference books, or histories that provide information about the subject of the biography.
  • Homework Center: How to Write a Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.factmonster.com [Source type: General]

 .It is a vast category which is usually approached in one of several ways.^ To me it seems limiting to only photograph the world one way, so I’ve developed several distinct bodies of work.
  • Michael Frye Photography - Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.michaelfrye.com [Source type: General]

 .In the past, biographies were fictionalized because many experts felt that children would not read a biography unless it read like a good story.^ "I would sit in my room all day and not go anywhere, because I felt like I had to keep myself secluded in order to write lyrics," Hayley recounts.
  • Paramore Biography | Paramore Info & Bio - Paramore.net 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.paramore.net [Source type: General]

 ^ Davidson uses the voice of the intimate journalist, drawing on material from her life and that of others and shaping it into a narrative that reads like fiction.
  • Sara Davidson - Leap! What shall we do with the rest of our lives? 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.saradavidson.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Did you know that many of my books are read by children all over the world?  I love seeing my books in another language!
  • Laura Numeroff - Author of children's books 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.lauranumeroff.com [Source type: General]

 .This approach to biography often fell victim to inaccuracies in order to make the story compelling.^ He was often found, surrounded by a bevy of totally enraptured younger students, listening to the amazing stories he would make up to amuse them.
  • Sir Arthur Conan Doyle - Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Biography Page 1 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.sherlockholmesonline.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ "It's [a] turn-on-a-dime ability to mix gonzo adventure with nuanced rumination — often in the same story — that make Potts stand out in the world of travel writing.

 .In order to meet the needs of children, today's trend in biographies is to approach the story of a subject's life both authentically and in a compelling, entertaining manner.^ A biography is simply the story of a life.
  • Homework Center: How to Write a Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.factmonster.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Your experience in working with teachers in their own setting, empathetic approach and passion for making schools amenable to the needs of children were features of your presentations and workshops.
  • Biography of Gary S. Stager 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.stager.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Then, write that story as a way to introduce your audience to your subject's life.
  • Biography Writing with Patricia and Fredrick McKissack 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC teacher.scholastic.com [Source type: General]

 .As challenging and technical as this sounds, the biographical author is mostly driven by their primary goal, which is to reveal the subject's inner mind and feelings and get the reader to emotionally connect with the subject, thereby making the subject more human and memorable.^ More recently, Mr. McDonough and Michael Braungart co-authored Cradle to Cradle: Remaking the Way We Make Things , published in 2002 by North Point Press.
  • William A. McDonough, FAIA - Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.mcdonough.com [Source type: News]

 ^ My goal is to seek out roles with which I feel a strong personal connection and see some social significance.

 ^ Mans right to know, to learn, to inquire, to make bona fide errors, to investigate human emotions must, by all means, be safe, if the word FREEDOM should ever be more than an empty political slogan.

Contents

Categories

.Often confused by the differences among biographies of the same person or event, readers of biographies are left wondering about the authenticity and accuracy of each book.^ Paul Brooks, her editor and the author of The House of Life, a splendid Rachel Carson biography, tells us that she made a "...book about death a celebration of life."

 ^ Since 1992, Omnigraphics has published Biography Today , providing more than 800 biographies of people young readers want to read about.

 ^ Secondary sources include other biographies, reference books, or histories that provide information about the subject of the biography.
  • Homework Center: How to Write a Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.factmonster.com [Source type: General]

 In pursuing the answer to this, I found the answer to be simple. The answer lies in the inherent purpose of the book and the intended audience. There are six different categories in biographies. Each offers a different perspective and appeal. .All six are listed here with descriptions and examples.^ GET ALL THE LATEST NEWS: SIGN UP FOR ROD STEWART'S MAILING LIST HERE .
  • Biography | The Official Rod Stewart Site 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.rodstewart.com [Source type: General]
Harriet Tubman.

Picture-Book Biographies

Biographies under this category are mainly directed at young children. .It may cover a certain part of the person's life or span the person's whole life.^ Organize your thoughts before starting to write, think of that part of the persons life you would like to highlight.

 ^ For instance, I may bring a certain feminist perspective to my songwriting, because that’s how I see life.

 ^ Think about what else you would like to know about the person, and what parts of the life you want to write most about.
  • Homework Center: How to Write a Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.factmonster.com [Source type: General]

 The illustrations carry much of the story and connect the reader emotionally to that person. Many of the facts are woven throughout the story and conveyed through the illustrations. .An excellent example of a picture-book biography is Moses: When Harriet Tubman Led Her People to Freedom by Carole Boston Weatherford, illustrated by Kadir Nelson.^ On Writing for Children and Other People, 2005 (Dial Books) A literary memoir discussing the relationship between my life and my writing Picture Book John Henry.

 ^ See our Book Store to order a copy of this biography illustrated with photographs of Virginia and appended with valuable information and resources!
  • Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.avanta.net [Source type: General]

 ^ In 1869, Sarah Bradford published a short biography of Tubman called "Scenes in the Life of Harriet Tubman," bringing brief fame and financial relief to Tubman and her family.

 Weatherford's main purpose of this book is to convey the spiritual journey of Tubman. Nelson's illustrations beautifully portray Tubman's struggle to freedom and the intensity of emotions she experienced along the way.

Simplified Biographies

.Created especially for the newly independent or lower skilled readers, simplified biographies tend to provide straightforward accounts of people's lives.^ Phil McGraw has galvanized millions of people to "get real" about their own behavior and create more positive lives.
  • Dr. Phil.com - About Dr. Phil 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.drphil.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The result is a newly improved organization providing an efficient source of services and information to the people of Rhode Island.
  • State of Rhode Island: Office of the General Treasurer: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.treasury.ri.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Creators Ian Davis David Galbraith This document describes a vocabulary for describing biographical information about people, both living and dead.
  • BIO: A vocabulary for biographical information 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC vocab.org [Source type: Reference]

 .These biographies are short and contain many illustrations and so receive high marks for readability.^ You can also browse these short biographies of Selected Figures from Recent History .
  • Homework Center: How to Write a Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.factmonster.com [Source type: General]

 .On the otherhand, due to the simplistic nature of this category, many of the complexities and details are left out.^ Due to the presence of this superhuman healing ability, many of Deadpool's natural physical attributes have been enhanced.
  • Deadpool - Marvel Universe: The definitive online source for Marvel super hero bios. 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC marvel.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Because the sentences are manipulated in such a way to make the text more readable, many of these books sound choppy Many of these books are about sports heroes and entertainers.^ The collections include books by and about him, local and oral history, audio-visual materials, artwork, and theses.
  • Biography Who's Who refdesk.com 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.refdesk.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Because I had been on my own since the age 16 (with help from my older brother) I felt it was more important to make a living.
  • Jose F Rios, Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.joserios.com [Source type: General]

 ^ It is his concern for children, for their feelings and their inquisitiveness, for their creativity and their intellectual growth that, in addition to his beautiful artwork, makes the reading of his books such a stimulating and lasting experience.
  • The Official Eric Carle Web Site - Biographical Notes for Eric Carle 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.eric-carle.com [Source type: General]

 .However an example of a well written biography from this category is F. N. Mojo's I Can Read History Book The One Bad Thing About Father. This story reveals the life of a boy, (Theodore Roosevelt's son) living in the White House with his uncontrollable sister, Alice.^ One day, however, his life changed -- all from reading just a simple book.

 ^ A biography is simply the story of a life.
  • Homework Center: How to Write a Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.factmonster.com [Source type: General]

 ^ The collections include books by and about him, local and oral history, audio-visual materials, artwork, and theses.
  • Biography Who's Who refdesk.com 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.refdesk.com [Source type: General]

Partial Biographies

.The partial biography covers only a part of a person's life, usually a dramatic or high interest event.^ What events shaped or changed this person's life?
  • Homework Center: How to Write a Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.factmonster.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Biographies analyze and interpret the events in a person's life.
  • Homework Center: How to Write a Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.factmonster.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Unlike a resume (which should include your complete career history), a professional bio only needs to cover the "high points" of your career.
  • How to Write a Bio 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC howtowritebio.com [Source type: General]

 .Many authors choose this category because of their own interest in a certain event or aspect of the subject's life and because covering the subject's entire life would make the book too long and difficult for primary readers.^ I would never make it my primary Twitter client, but it's an interesting program.
  • Bio : LOL: The Life of Leo 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC leoville.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Even though you are focusing on one aspect or event in the subject's life, try to include basic facts such as when she or he was born, where she or he is from, etc.
  • Biography Writing with Patricia and Fredrick McKissack 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC teacher.scholastic.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Because I had been on my own since the age 16 (with help from my older brother) I felt it was more important to make a living.
  • Jose F Rios, Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.joserios.com [Source type: General]

 .Many of the partial biographies not only address the events of the subject's life, but act as a social history of what life was like for a group of people.^ It seemed like people wanted cops to be bigger than life or fit a certain mold.
  • James O. Born - Florida Mystery Writer 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.jamesoborn.com [Source type: General]

 ^ "It's like people think my interest in Jessica could only be of a sexual nature, that it couldn't be emotional or intellectual.
  • Jessica Alba Biography : People.com 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.people.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Our research addresses the role of hormones in the evolution of life histories, sexual dimorphism, and phenotypic integration.
  • Department of Biology: Indiana University Bloomington 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.bio.indiana.edu [Source type: Academic]

 This is the case in the book, Rosa by Nikki Giovanni. .While this book is specifically about the bus incident of Rosa Parks, it also is a social history of how black Americans struggled long and hard to win their civil rights and what life was like for them in America in the 1950's.^ Two of their suites, "Jump for Joy," 1950 and "My People," 1963 had as their themes the struggles and triumphs of blacks in the United States.

 ^ The second edition of his high school text, African American History: Journey of Liberation, 2nd Edition, is used in more than 400 schools throughout North America.
  • Dr. Molefi Kete Asante - Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC asante.net [Source type: Academic]

 ^ When introduced to American history in her last year of high school, she immediately took America as her model of what a nation of free men could be.
  • The Ayn Rand Institute: A Brief Biography of Ayn Rand 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.aynrand.org [Source type: General]

Complete Biographies

.The complete biography covers the subject's entire life.^ While the biography is fairly complete, the timeline focuses more on his early life and the publishing dates of his works.

 .Complete biographies, although typically long and detailed can also be conveyed in other categories, such as in picture-books and even in fictionalized versions.^ A bio-bibliographical guide to writers in fiction, general nonfiction, poetry, journalism, drama, motion pictures, television, and other fields.

 ^ On Writing for Children and Other People, 2005 (Dial Books) A literary memoir discussing the relationship between my life and my writing Picture Book John Henry.

 ^ Other publications which he contributed to were Burtons Gentlemans Magazine (18391840), Grahams Magazine (18411842), Evening Mirror , and Godeys Ladys Book .

 .The reader can expect an in-depth and complex look at both the positive and negative aspects of the subject.^ Oddly, a factor that shaped Tom's personality in both a negative and a positive way was his poor hearing....
  • Edison Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.thomasedison.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Many complete biographies will contain reproductions of original maps, journal entries, direct quotes and photographs.^ Besides his collections and observations on a great variety of subjects, they contain original copies of many of his poems in very clear and legible hand-writing.
  • The Thomas Gray Archive : Materials : Biography - University of Oxford 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.thomasgray.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ More Complete Biography of Phyllis Schlafly Phyllis Schlafly was named one of the 100 most important women of the 20th century by the Ladies' Home Journal .
  • Phyllis Schlafly Bio 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.eagleforum.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ All quotes in the biography are the direct words of García Márquez.

 .Amos Fortune, Free Man, by Elizabeth Yates is a Newberry Medal winning book revealing the moving story of a man born in Africa, enslaved in America, but managed to purchase his and others' freedom.^ I think that usually it does, for free will does not mean one will, but many wills conflicting in one man, Freedom cannot be conceived simply."
  • Flannery O'Connor 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.kirjasto.sci.fi [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ With A Good Man Is Hard to Find, and Other Stories (1955) she came to be regarded as a master of the form.
  • Flannery O'Connor 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.kirjasto.sci.fi [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ One reviewer called it "a string of little jewels," and a modern critic considers it one of America's great nineteenth-century books of short stories.
  • Biography, Kate Chopin, The Awakening, The Storm, stories 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.katechopin.org [Source type: News]
Photo of Jackie Robinson in Kansas City Royals uniform. The Kansas City Royals of the time were the barnstorming team of the Kansas City Monarchs Negro League club.

Collective Biographies

.Collective Biographies were written to provide a brief explanation about specific groups of people, such as presidents, sports heroes and scientists.^ His impact is such that The Sporting News editors named him as one of The Top 100 Most Powerful People in Sports of the 20th Century.

 ^ Sub-projects include specialised desktop environments for schools, and for the needs of people in specific countries or industries, such as Edubuntu and Kubuntu.

 ^ The specific issue was that - during times of stress - political groups regularly relied upon the brief delays that were provided by the process of manually counting votes to influence and hopefully change the opinions of their colleagues....
  • Edison Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.thomasedison.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Some of these biographies detail the lives of lesser-known individuals who have performed some great contribution to their trade or had a great impact on their culture, others' lives or the world.^ He is one of the few drummer/bandleaders who continues to bring world-class bands to all corners of the globe with a tireless regime of live performances.

 ^ For all this variegation of influences and interests, two constants pervade Douglas's performances and compositions, and they are, as he has said in a recent conversation, “in some tension.” These creatively conflicting constants underlie all of the arts; one is discipline and the other is playfulness.
  • Welcome to the Official Jerry Douglas Website 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.jerrydouglas.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Still, there'd be debate if even those comic greats could've pulled off the live performances in a real world setting that Ted Giannoulas crafts every night he covers himself in costume.

 A notable example from this category is Leagues Apart by Lawrence Ritter. .This book reveals the contributions and racial struggles faced by twenty-two African Americans who played baseball in the Negro Leagues.^ He has authored a number of books including two publications, “What Ethnic Americans Really Think” and “What Arabs Think: Values, Beliefs and Concerns.” .
  • The Arab American Institute | Dr. James Zogby 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.aaiusa.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ This electronic book contains brief, introductory information about various individuals who made outstanding contributions to the culture of Western civilization from 1500-1620.

 ^ Describe how Langston Hughes dream deferred and August Wilsons fences examine the struggles of African Americans in 20th century society.

Autobiographies

German stamp of Anne Frank.
.Under this category we have stories written by the subject about the subject.^ About a third of her stories are children's stories—those published in or submitted to children's magazines or those similar in subject or theme to those that were.
  • Biography, Kate Chopin, The Awakening, The Storm, stories 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.katechopin.org [Source type: News]

 .The reader can expect great insight into the subject's life, although biased and subjective.^ Mar 2005 Tim Dolin picks the 10 books that offer the greatest insight into the life of George Eliot .
  • Biography | Books | guardian.co.uk 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.guardian.co.uk [Source type: News]

 ^ He has used this material well to give the reader an insight into Ellsberg's thoughts and dreams.
  • Edward Ellsberg - official web site 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.edwardellsberg.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ As an artist, Janet excites, enlightens, leads, and embraces her fans with insights into life's meaning and our deepest feelings.
  • · • · JANET · Biography · • · 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.janetjackson.com [Source type: General]

 .Most of the books in this category for primary children are partial biographies, meaning they do not cover the subject's entire life.^ On Writing for Children and Other People, 2005 (Dial Books) A literary memoir discussing the relationship between my life and my writing Picture Book John Henry.

 ^ Sandburg researched and wrote for three years, producing not a children's book, but a two-volume biography for adults.
  • Carl Sandburg Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC carl-sandburg.com [Source type: General]

 ^ His art was commissioned for the cover of the book The Illusion Of Life by landmark Disney animators Ollie Johnson and Frank Thomas.

 .Some of these books are not about the person's personal life, but their work.^ He is working on a book about conversation, has taught nonfiction writing at the City University of New York, and is the Editorial Producer and Presenter for the online book program Titlepage.
  • Welcome to the Official Jerry Douglas Website 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.jerrydouglas.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Two years later he was awarded the Rómulo Gallegos Prize and the Neustadt Prize, and in 1971, a Peruvian writer named Mario Vargas Llosa even published a book about his life and work.

 ^ The interview took place in late 1950, and articles about Escher and his work appeared in the 4/2/51 Time and the 5/7/51 Life .
  • M.C. Escher Biography Page 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC users.erols.com [Source type: General]

 .And still others reveal much about themselves through personal memories, journals, letters and photographs.^ It is through the commemoration and recognition of her individual contributions to these American ideals, her continued activism in pursuit of them, and her memory, which continues to inspire generations of Americans and others of all backgrounds, that we as a nation can celebrate what is truly unique about our democracy and national story.

 ^ So I became a religion major and learned as much as I could about other cultures.

 ^ These graphic organizers guide the student through finding pertinent information about a person, and listing it.
  • Problem Solving Graphic Organizer Printouts - EnchantedLearning.com 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.enchantedlearning.com [Source type: General]

 .In terms of journal writings/memoirs, nothing is perhaps more famous than Diary of Anne Frank. Although written for the older child, it is an example of an autobiographical journal, which recounts her life as a member of the Jewish faith, hiding from Nazis.^ To which are prefixed Memoirs of his Life and Writings , ed.
  • The Thomas Gray Archive : Materials : Biography - University of Oxford 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.thomasgray.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ On Writing for Children and Other People, 2005 (Dial Books) A literary memoir discussing the relationship between my life and my writing Picture Book John Henry.

 ^ Podcast Although dying of throat cancer Grant refused to stop writing the memoirs that would restore his families' lost fortune.
  • Biography Free Audio & Video 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.learnoutloud.com [Source type: General]

 .Especially problematic, autobiographical work recounting very traumatic events in American and World history, such as the Holocaust do not have as welcome of a home within young children's literature as other topics.^ Home News and Blog Music Photos Bio Videos Events mobile Forums Extras Help playground Welcome guest!
  • T-Pain Biography | The Official T-Pain Site 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.t-pain.net [Source type: General]

 ^ As a young musician, Neal’s dream was like many others—to find success in the pop music world.
  • Neal Morse - Official Site 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.nealmorse.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Soon after she traveled to New York to compete in her first major international event - the American Cup which in 2005 made its debut on the World Cup Circuit.
  • Nastia Liukin's Official Website    ///    NASTIALIUKIN.COM 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.nastialiukin.com [Source type: General]

 .Publishers of children's literature have struggled in the past to provide as accurate, yet protective personalized view of the Holocaust as Frank in her autobiographical journal.^ Despite a wildly fluctuating income--based largely on the Juvenile Library of M.J. Godwin and Company, a publishing enterprise devised by Mrs. Godwin--the physical needs of the children were provided.
  • Mary Shelley Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC people.brandeis.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ As his literature provides insight into the past, the events of his personal life further demonstrate his role as an eyewitness to history.
  • The Mark Twain House | The Man | Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.marktwainhouse.org [Source type: News]

 .On a more positive note, current trends within this category reflect the child's growing interest in favorite authors.^ Those interested in a more extensive reflection on the pathway of the intellectual journey that led to my current work are invited to read an interview by the University of Washington Center for Communication and Civic Engagement.
  • Biography | David C. Korten 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.davidkorten.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ My favorite book for children that someone else wrote is A TREE GROWS IN BROOKLYN. My favorite adult authors are Anne Tyler, Toni Morrison, and Margaret Atwood.

 .Newberry Honor book, Homesick, My Own Story by Jean Fritz tells a revealing story about life in 1920's China, her father's stories of America and her ensuing desire to go to America, followed by her feelings of displacement once she arrived there.^ On Writing for Children and Other People, 2005 (Dial Books) A literary memoir discussing the relationship between my life and my writing Picture Book John Henry.

 ^ Naturally, there are many gaps in this body of information, which tells us little about Shakespeare the man.
  • Shakespeare Resource Center - Shakespeare's Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.bardweb.net [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Giving the project a literal go-for-broke feel was the fact that his then-label, V2 America, had just fired the entire staff.
  • Biography and Press + Josh Ritter + The Official Web site 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.joshritter.com [Source type: General]

Criteria for Selecting High Quality Children's Biographies

Donna E. Norton in Through the Eyes of a Child, An Introduction to Children's Literature, suggests the following criteria to use to select Children's Biographies:
.
  1. Does the biography meet the criteria for good literature?
  2. Is the subject of the biography worth reading about?
  3. Is the biography factually accurate in relation to characters, plots, and settings?
  4. Does the biographer distinguish between fact and judgment and between fact and fiction?
  5. Does the biographer use primary sources when conducting research for the text?^ The conference features private, pre-arranged one-on-one meetings between senior-level executives, using BIO’s proprietary, state-of-the-art computer software.
    • BIO Asia 2009 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC bioasia.bio.org [Source type: Reference]

     ^ Please research the time period in which each piece was written and research the lives of each of the author (please include a bibliography (does not count towards the page requirement); use at least 4 academic sources include journals, encyclopedias, and /or book.

     ^ There exist only texts of disputable authenticity on the subject of this meeting between Mozart and Beethoven.
    • Biography: Beethoven's life - Ludwig van Beethoven's website - Dominique PRÉVOT 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.lvbeethoven.com [Source type: General]

     Are these sources identified in the bibliographies or other notes to the readers?
  6. Does the biographer include photographs and other documents that increase the credibility of the text?
  7. If the biographer uses illustrations other than photographs, are the illustrations accurate according to the life and time of the person?
  8. Does the writing style appeal to the readers?

Suggested Classroom Activities

Compare and Contrast

.Select at least two books about the same historical figure for each student to read.^ In addition he published a book of short stories, two selections of critical essays, a biography, three historical essays, a study of Melville, a critical book on Dreiser, a study of Whittier, and two studies of race relations in America.

 ^ By the late fifties, he was astonished to find out that books were being written about his life and work, and he rapidly attracted a wide circle of dedicated students.
  • Borges - Biography of J.L. Borges 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.themodernword.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Last but not least, I have read- but not understood- that the story is about the "vampiristic" aspect of art sucking the life out of the object it depicts.

 Have them work individually or in groups to record information about one or more elements of the biographies:
  1. Did you find conflicting information? .Different versions of the same story?
  2. What source materials did the authors use?^ She and my mother told many of the same stories, but always the stories came out differently."
    • Marge Piercy - Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.margepiercy.com [Source type: Original source]

     ^ He also remarked that Kafka's "voice" had the same echoes as his grandmother's -- "that's how my grandmother used to tell stories, the wildest things with a completely natural tone of voice."

     ^ The former of these stories is in a vehicle of mixed prose and verse used with remarkable skill, which he did not repeat, although the subsequent romances include passages of lyrical verse.
    • William Morris Society: Biographies of William Morris 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.morrissociety.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     .How do you know?^ You know how everyone says let a thousand...
    • DIYbio 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC diybio.org [Source type: General]

     ^ There is a lot of material on how he worked and you can easily see it by knowing what to look for.
    • Bernard Safran Website: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.safran-arts.com [Source type: General]

     ^ So, here’s how you can help – if you know of anyone who might be interested in using my services, make sure you point them in my direction.

     .Which sources are more likely to be accurate?^ Strange eliminated the hex at the source, causing Felicia to lose her bad luck powers but and also gave her more cat-like powers and abilities.
    • Black Cat - Marvel Universe: The definitive online source for Marvel super hero bios. 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC marvel.com [Source type: General]

     Which are less likely to be accurate?
  3. What was the main theme of each biography? How did you determine this?
  4. What information did the biographer choose to include and how was it presented?
  5. Is there information about how the author became interested in the historical figure?

Biographies as Writing Models

.In their Classroom Connections Journal Article, "Picture-Book Biographies as Writing Models", Sheryl Saunders and Mary McMackin suggest that, "Effective instructional strategies that can help students transform their blasè report writing into robust expository prose may be no farther than your school or classroom library."^ And his writings on the side sold well: Pigboats was made into the 1933 motion picture "Hell Below."
  • Edward Ellsberg - official web site 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.edwardellsberg.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ If you choose to write a longer bio, make sure you break it into short paragraphs (no more than three sentences in each paragraph).
  • How to Write a Bio 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC howtowritebio.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Carrie Underwood became the fourth American Idol winner in May of 2005, then released a new single, "Inside Your Heaven," which went straight to No.
  • Carrie Underwood Pictures, News, Gossip & Rumours - AskMen.com 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.askmen.com [Source type: General]

 .The article goes on to say that, "When teachers analyze what authors have done to create notable leads, transitions, and conclusions, students will discover that these books can serve as exemplars to improve their own nonfiction writing, incorporating similar effective beginnings, middles, and ends into their own reports—and that satisfies both writer and reader."^ The bio must lead the reader to his own conclusions.
  • TAXI: Creating An Effective Bio 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.taxi.com [Source type: General]

 ^ We can delve into the American mindset of the late nineteenth century and make our own observations of history, discover new connections, create new inferences and gain better insights into the time period and the people who lived in it.
  • The Mark Twain House | The Man | Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.marktwainhouse.org [Source type: News]

 ^ In both of these he condenses a little, but ventures on very few changes, though he lets his readers see his impatience with his originals.
  • The Life of Geoffrey Chaucer (c. 1343-1400) [Chaucer Biography] 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.luminarium.org [Source type: Original source]

 .The article lists several quality biographies and provides examples that can be utilized to instruct students on how to write quality texts.^ For example, this type of graphic organizer can be used to choose write the biography of an explorer , inventor , scientist, leader, or artist.
  • Problem Solving Graphic Organizer Printouts - EnchantedLearning.com 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.enchantedlearning.com [Source type: General]

 ^ It prompts the student to list the person, the birth (date and place), family, early life, education, adult life, major accomplishments, how the accomplishments changed the world, and death (date and place).
  • Problem Solving Graphic Organizer Printouts - EnchantedLearning.com 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.enchantedlearning.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Finally, one example of "how not to write your bio," followed by two examples of far more pleasing pieces.
  • TAXI: Creating An Effective Bio 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.taxi.com [Source type: General]

Additional Resources

Additonal resource for classroom activities on the topic of biography can be found at 42explore and The Biography Channel.

References

  • Frank, Anne (1947). The Diary of Anne Frank (1st ed.). New York: Doubleday.
  • Fritz, Jean (1982). Homesick: My Own Story. .New York: Doublday.
  • Giovanni, Nikki (2005).^ September 18, 2005 - New York Times - The Statesman (Pt.
    • Bono: Biography from @U2 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.atu2.com [Source type: General]

     ^ Soon after she traveled to New York to compete in her first major international event - the American Cup which in 2005 made its debut on the World Cup Circuit.
    • Nastia Liukin's Official Website    ///    NASTIALIUKIN.COM 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.nastialiukin.com [Source type: General]

     ^ After graduating in 2005, she enrolled at Columbia University in the City of New York as a student in the School of Law.

     Rosa. .New York: Henry Holt and Company.
  • Huck, Charlotte, S., Hepler, Susan, Hickman, Janet, and Kiefer, Barbara, Z. (1997).^ Donald J. Grout and Claude V. Palisca, A History of Western Music, 4 th ed., (New York and London: W.W. Norton and Company, 1988), 133.
    • Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.arvopart.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     Children's Literature in the Elementary School (6th ed.). Chicago: Brown & Benchmark Publishers.
  • Kremer, L. S. (2004). Children's Literature and the Holocaust. Children's Literature, 32, 252-263.
  • Monjo, F. N. (1970). The One Bad Thing About Father. .New York: Harper & Row.
  • Ritter, Lawrence S. (1995).^ The Trumpet of Conscience, (New York: Harper & Row, 1968).

     ^ (New York: Harper & Row, 1967).

     ^ Why We Can’t Wait, (New York: Harper & Row, 1963).

     Leagues Apart. .New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc.
  • Tunnell, Michael O. and Jacobs, James S. (2008).^ Donald J. Grout and Claude V. Palisca, A History of Western Music, 4 th ed., (New York and London: W.W. Norton and Company, 1988), 133.
    • Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.arvopart.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     ^ Emily Toth earlier published a longer biography, Kate Chopin (New York: Morrow, 1990).
    • Biography, Kate Chopin, The Awakening, The Storm, stories 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.katechopin.org [Source type: News]

     ^ "Bill Viola," James Cohan Gallery, New York, USA .

     Children’s Literature, Briefly, Fourth Edition. Pearson Education, Inc.
  • Weatherford, Carole Boston (2006). Moses: When Harriet Tubman Led Her People to Freedom. .New York: Hyperion Books for Children.
  • Yates, Elizabeth(1950).^ Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton campaigned for more liberal divorce laws in New York.
    • Susan B. Anthony Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC susanbanthonyhouse.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     ^ Where Im Calling From received glowing notices from coast to coast, including front-page coverage in the New York Times Book Review .
    • Raymond Carver: Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.whitman.edu [Source type: News]

     ^ In 1969 Greg & Tim decided to take a new path and began illustrating children’s books for Holt, Reinhart & Winston and other major publishers.

     Amos Fortune, Free Man. .New York: E.P. Dutton & Co., Inc.
  • Norton, Donna E. (2007).^ Donald J. Grout and Claude V. Palisca, A History of Western Music, 4 th ed., (New York and London: W.W. Norton and Company, 1988), 133.
    • Biography 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.arvopart.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     Through the eyes of a child, An introduction to children's literature (p. 464). Columbus, OH: Pearson Merrill Prentice Hall.
  • Lauterbach S. & Reynolds M. (2007). Evaluating Biographies with Children. .Retrieved May 3, 2007, from John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum Web site: http://www.jfklibrary.org/Education+and+Public+Programs/For+Teachers/Newsletter/2008/Issue+8.Winter+2008/Evaluating+Biographies+with+Children.htm
  • NSW HSC online Professional Development Node.^ Stager recently helped design Pepperdine University's ground-breaking Online Master of Arts in Educational Technology degree program and now teaches in that program.
    • Biography of Gary S. Stager 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.stager.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     ^ Expanding Expectations is a series of online professional development resources Gary created for Apple Computer.
    • Biography of Gary S. Stager 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.stager.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     ^ Since 2008, Dr. Stager has led a middle school science and technology grant program in the Brooklyn, NY public schools.
    • Biography of Gary S. Stager 10 February 2010 12:18 UTC www.stager.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     Retrieved July 21,2006, from NSW HSC Online Web site: http://hsc.csu.edu.au/pro_dev/teaching_online/how_we_learn/cognitive.html
  • Saunders, S. & McMackin, M. (2004). Picture-Book Biographies as Writing Models. Book Links, 14(1), 25-27.

Simple English

A biography is the story of a real person's life. The word comes from the Greek words bios (= life) and graphein (= write). When the biography is written by the person it is about, it is called an autobiography.

A biography is a part of literature. Biographies can also be made as movies. These movies are often called biopics.

The first known biographies were written to record rulers' lives. They were written in Assyria, ancient Babylonia, ancient Egypt and ancient Mesopotamia. Biographies were an early form of history.

In ancient Greek people wrote biographies too. But not only biographies of the rulers but also biographies of people who the writers thought were great. Xenophon wrote a biography of Socrates and gave this book the name Memorabilia (Memories). Plutarch wrote Parallel Lives. In this book Plutarch wrote about a couple of Greek politicians and Roman politicians. Later among the Romans, Suetonius wrote biographies of the Roman emperors, Lives of Caesars. The Gospels were also biographies of Jesus Christ.

In Eastern countries people wrote biographies. In ancient China a biography was one of basic form of history book. In India biographies of Buddha were written and also biographies of his reincarnated lives.

Other pages

Other websites

Retrieved from "http://yak.rapint.com/wiki/Biography"

Citable sentences

Up to date as of December 02, 2010

Here are sentences from other pages on Biography, which are similar to those in the above article.








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