From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
.^ Category : Mood disorders Printable version .- Bipolar disorder - Psych Central's Wiki 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC wiki.psychcentral.com [Source type: Academic]
^ For more information on bipolar disorder .- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Have a loved one with bipolar disorder and other disorders?- 10 Secrets to Supporting Someone with Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC tobipolardisorderinfo.com [Source type: General]
.^ The clinical presentations of this disorder are broad and include mania, hypomania and psychosis.- Management of Bipolar Disorder - September 15, 2000 - American Family Physician 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.aafp.org [Source type: Academic]
^ McElroy SL, Keck PE Jr, Pope HG Jr, et al: Clinical and research implications for the diagnosis of dysphoric or mixed mania or hypomania.
^ To meet the criteria for mania, at least 3 of these symptoms must pers ist for at least a week, 4 if the mood is only irritability.
.^ Mania or manic episodes.
^ Treating a manic or depressive episode .- Bipolar Disorder (manic depression) 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.rcpsych.ac.uk [Source type: General]
- Bipolar Disorder (manic depression) 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.rcpsych.ac.uk [Source type: General]
^ The mixed state is where you are both manic and depressed.
[1] .^ These episodes are usual ly, but not always, interspersed with periods of depression.
^ Bipolar disorder involves periods of excitability (mania) alternating with periods of depression .- Bipolar Disorder - Kosmix : Reference, Videos, Images, News, Shopping and more... 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.kosmix.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Mania and mixed depressive episodes .- Bipolar Disorder (manic depression) 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.rcpsych.ac.uk [Source type: General]
- Bipolar Disorder (manic depression) 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.rcpsych.ac.uk [Source type: General]
.^ Sometimes, a person with severe episodes of mania or depression has psychotic symptoms too, such as hallucinations or delusions.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The patients, aged 13 to 25, were selected on the basis of being at ultra-high risk for developing a psychotic disorder such as schizophrenia, based on early symptoms.- Alltop - Top Bipolar Disorder News 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC bipolar.alltop.com [Source type: General]
^ Psychosis Psychotic symptoms (e.g., delusions, hallucinations) are commonly seen during episodes of either mania or depression but are more common in the former, appearing in over one-half of manic episodes ( 41 ).
.^ Have a loved one with bipolar disorder and other disorders?- 10 Secrets to Supporting Someone with Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC tobipolardisorderinfo.com [Source type: General]
^ Cyclothymia is a mild form of bipolar disorder.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
^ Diagnostic criteria for bipolar disorder are based on the specific type of bipolar disorder.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
.^ Studies indicate differences in lifetime prevalence estimates for bipolar I, bipolar II, and subthreshold bipolar disorders: 1.0% for bipolar I disorder, 1.1% for bipolar II disorder, and 2.4-4.7% for subthreshold bipolar disorders.- Bipolar Affective Disorder: eMedicine Psychiatry 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ The lifelong prevalence of bipolar disorder in the United States has been noted to range from 1-1.6%.- Bipolar Affective Disorder: eMedicine Psychiatry 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Many studies indicate that lithium works better for controlling manic states, and that lamotrigine works better for bipolar depression.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ The classic symptoms of mania, including racing thoughts, pressured speech, hypersexuality, and grandiosity, more often match the presentation of bipolar disorder in late adolescence.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Despite Kraepelin's early observation and description of childhood-onset and adolescent-onset bipolar disorders, the controversy about diagnosing bipolar disorder in young persons persists.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Adolescence through the early 20s is the peak age of onset: about 25% of first episodes occur before age 20.
.^ The information is based on personal experience.- Bipolar Disorder - Associated Content - Topic 11 September 2009 10:010 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]
- Bipolar Facts - Associated Content - Topic 11 September 2009 9:54 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]
- Understanding Bipolar Disorder - Associated Content - Topic 11 September 2009 9:54 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]
^ Also, delays in getting the correct diagnosis and treatment make a person more likely to experience personal, social, and work-related problems.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Because bipolar I varies from person to person, there are more specific subcategories of diagnosis based on your particular signs and symptoms.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
.^ Mood changes of this nature are associated with distress and disruption, and a relatively high risk of suicide .- Bipolar disorder - Psych Central's Wiki 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC wiki.psychcentral.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Mixed episode: The depressed phases put the patient at risk for suicide.- Bipolar Affective Disorder: eMedicine Psychiatry 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Suicide is a very real risk during both mania and depression.- Bipolar Disorder | LIVESTRONG.COM 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.livestrong.com [Source type: General]
.^ For more information on bipolar disorder .- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Bipolar disorder also affects family members.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ Have a loved one with bipolar disorder and other disorders?- 10 Secrets to Supporting Someone with Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC tobipolardisorderinfo.com [Source type: General]
[2]
.^ Bipolar disorder has a number of contributing factors, including genetic, biochemical, psychodynamic, and environmental elements.- Bipolar Affective Disorder: eMedicine Psychiatry 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ However, the development of the disorder is strongly influenced by genetic risk factors.
^ Genetic and familial factors seem to be highly important in the development of bipolar disorder.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Other illnesses can make it hard to diagnose and treat bipolar disorder.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Medication is the key to stabilizing bipolar disorder.- Management of Bipolar Disorder - September 15, 2000 - American Family Physician 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.aafp.org [Source type: Academic]
^ Mood stabilizers are most the commonly prescribed medications for bipolar disorder.- Bipolar disorder 11 September 2009 10:010 UTC cnn.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Psychotherapy also has a role, often when there has been some recovery of stability.
.^ Bipolar I may also include episodes of depression or dysthymia in between the manic episodes.
^ Patients who are manic or depressed may attempt suicide or homicide.- Management of Bipolar Disorder - September 15, 2000 - American Family Physician 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.aafp.org [Source type: Academic]
^ Just like suicidal depression, uncontrollable manic episodes can be dangerous to the patient.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
.^ Are there different types of bipolar disorder?- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ There was a significant delay in diagnosis and treatment of patients with bipolar disorder.- Bipolar Disorder and Suicide -- Neurotransmitter.net 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.neurotransmitter.net [Source type: Academic]
^ This manual is NOT and I repeat NOT for individuals with bipolar disorder.- 10 Secrets to Supporting Someone with Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC tobipolardisorderinfo.com [Source type: General]
[3] .^ People with bipolar disorder should monitor their physical and mental health.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ ADHD has symptoms that overlap with bipolar disorder.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
^ What can people with bipolar disorder expect from treatment?- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[4]
.^ Bipolar disorder can be severe and long-term, or it can be mild with infrequent episodes.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC preventdisease.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Rapid cycling bipolar disorder.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
^ With bipolar disorder , you alternate between episodes of depression and mania .- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
.^ The idea of a relationship between mania and melancholia can be traced back to at least the 2nd century AD .- Bipolar disorder - Psych Central's Wiki 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC wiki.psychcentral.com [Source type: Academic]
^ The earliest written descriptions of a relationship between mania and melancholia are attributed to Aretaeus of Cappadocia .- Bipolar disorder - Psych Central's Wiki 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC wiki.psychcentral.com [Source type: Academic]
^ The contemporary psychiatric conceptualisation of manic-depressive illness is typically traced back to the 1850s .- Bipolar disorder - Psych Central's Wiki 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC wiki.psychcentral.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ A story of bipolar disorder (manic-depressive illness).- Bipolar Affective Disorder: eMedicine Psychiatry 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ I do know that like manic-depression, it is a mood disorder.- Is manic-depression a disease to be cured? - Straight Dope Message Board 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC boards.straightdope.com [Source type: Original source]
^ It is also called manic-depressive disorder.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
.^ Depressive Disorder The Treatment of Bipolar Disorder The treatments of bipolar disorder are dicussed.- Understanding Bipolar Disorder - Associated Content - Topic 11 September 2009 9:54 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]
^ The lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorder is 1 percent, which compares to a lifetime prevalence of 6 percent for unipolar depression.- Management of Bipolar Disorder - September 15, 2000 - American Family Physician 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.aafp.org [Source type: Academic]
^ Depression and bipolar disorder.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
Signs and symptoms
.^ Many people with manic depression, also known as bipolar disorder, are living happy and fulfilling lives.
^ Some people with bipolar disorder experience hypomania.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ What can people with bipolar disorder expect from treatment?- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Between 1 - 2 million Americans may suffer from bipolar disorder.
^ For more information on bipolar disorder .- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ (African-American men are more likely to be diagnosed with schizophrenia than with bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
[5] .^ Men and women are equally affected.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ Bipolar disorder has roughly equal prevalence across different cultures.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ May 2007 THYROID DISEASE Thyroid Disease Hypothyroidism Hypothyroidism is remarkably common & about 4 to 5 times more women than men will suffer from it, particularly in the over 40 age group.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
[6] .^ There are no symptoms and no problems.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ No laboratory study can be used to confirm the diagnosis of bipolar disorder.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Unfortunately, there are no standardized tests to measure friendship skills as there are for language skills, motor development, and cognitive abilities.- My Aspergers Child: Aspergers: Behavioral Interventions 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.myaspergerschild.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ These chemicals cause an imbalance in how the brain works.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ Bipolar disorder results from an imbalance of chemicals in the brain and not from anyone's fault.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC preventdisease.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ No single cause may ever be found for bipolar disorder.
.^ The lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorder is 1 percent, which compares to a lifetime prevalence of 6 percent for unipolar depression.- Management of Bipolar Disorder - September 15, 2000 - American Family Physician 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.aafp.org [Source type: Academic]
^ Depression and bipolar disorder.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ Affective disorder * Bipolar disorder * Depression * Mania .
.^ People with bipolar disorder should monitor their physical and mental health.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Or is bipolar disorder difficult to diagnose and even harder to treat?
^ How is bipolar disorder diagnosed?- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Bipolar disorder also affects family members.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ This is my experience with the bipolar mixed state in persons with bipolar disorder.
^ Bipolar disorder involves periods of excitability (mania) alternating with periods of depression.- Bipolar Disorder | LIVESTRONG.COM 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.livestrong.com [Source type: General]
.^ Some people with bipolar disorder experience hypomania.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Unlike people with bipolar disorder, people who have unipolar depression do not experience mania.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder that causes symptoms of both mania and depression in patients.- Bipolar Disorder | LIVESTRONG.COM 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.livestrong.com [Source type: General]
Depressive episode
.^ Bipolar Disorder Symptoms Common Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder A list of the most common symptoms of the depressive phase of bipolar disorder.
^ What are the symptoms of bipolar disorder?- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Bipolar Facts Bipolar Disorder: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment Information on bipolar disorder.
[7] .^ Our preliminary findings suggest that ketoconazole may be useful in some patients with bipolar depression.- Treatment-resistant Bipolar Disorder 16 September 2009 11:57 UTC www.psycom.net [Source type: Academic]
^ Children with bipolar disorder show a higher incidence of psychotic features than older adolescents or adults.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Bipolar disorder, also known as manic depression, is a psychopathology that affects approximately 1% of the population.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
Manic episode
.^ Criteria for a hypomanic episode A hypomanic episode is a distinct period of elevated, expansive, or irritable mood that lasts at least four days, and is different from the usual nondepressed mood.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
^ The individual has a distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood lasting at least 1 week (or any duration if hospitalization is necessary).- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Criteria for a manic episode A manic episode is a distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood that lasts at least one week (or less than a week if hospitalization is necessary).- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
.^ I wish that I could write more today but I have no energy and desperately need to sleep.
^ Behavioral therapy focuses on behaviours that can increase or decrease stress and on ways to increase pleasurable experiences that may help improve depressive symptoms.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ Here are some symptoms someone with mania may experience: Inability to sleep, and lack of need to sleep.
.^ The classic symptoms of mania, including racing thoughts, pressured speech, hypersexuality, and grandiosity, more often match the presentation of bipolar disorder in late adolescence.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ The symptoms of mania include a decreased need for sleep, pressured speech, increased libido, reckless behavior without regard for consequences, grandiosity, and severe thought disturbances, which may or may not include psychosis.- Bipolar Affective Disorder: eMedicine Psychiatry 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Mania may also include a decreased need for sleep, racing thoughts or a sense that thoughts are out of control, rapid and often pressured speech, increased goal-directed activities or projects, hypersexuality, reckless behaviors and risk-taking, and delusions of grandeur.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ On the other side of the spectrum, when Norepinephrine is at a very high level, their state is a manic state and their level of Acetylcholine is very low.- Manic Depression: An Overview 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nyu.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ In this state a person may experience depression and mania several times in the same day.
^ Children or adolescents with manic-depressive illness may be inappropriately diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
.^ Being ready to answer them may reserve time to go over any points you want to spend more time on.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
^ More often, however, the distorted thinking and impaired judgment that are characteristic of manic episodes can lead to dangerous behavior, including the following: A person may spend money with abandon, causing financial ruin in some cases.
^ An abnormal behavioral episode may be designated a bipolar disorder after the frequency and type of abnormal mood are considered.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ The doctor may ask about alcohol and drug abuse and may ask to talk to close friends and family members in order to better understand symptoms and the events during mania or depressive episodes.- What Is Bipolar Disorder? Bipolar Symptoms And Treatments 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.medicalnewstoday.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Benzodiazepines and alcohol (which produce withdrawal), caffeine, stimulants, exposure to bright light, and sleep deprivation during excited phases should be avoided.- Treatment-resistant Bipolar Disorder 16 September 2009 11:57 UTC www.psycom.net [Source type: Academic]
^ You can also help others by writing down your symptoms so they too can let you know if they suspect you may be entering a zone.
.^ When it comes to young children they may even become very aggressive.
^ Patients do not manifest their negative behaviors (such as spending sprees or even becoming verbally or physically aggressive) in a vacuum.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
.^ The person feels well and in control - but may not see the consequences of his or her behaviour and may react angrily if confronted.
^ People in a mixed state may feel very sad or hopeless while feeling extremely energized.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ I cannot describe the feeling of terror that I felt of being totally out of control.
.^ Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) Electroconvulsive therapy can be effective for people who have episodes of severe depression or feel suicidal or people who haven't seen improvements in their symptoms despite other treatment.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
^ You can also help others by writing down your symptoms so they too can let you know if they suspect you may be entering a zone.
^ They may also exhibit other impulsive behavior such as: reckless driving, promiscuous sex, gambling, travel, high-risk business ventures, etc.- 10 Secrets to Supporting Someone with Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC tobipolardisorderinfo.com [Source type: General]
.^ The patient may show an increase in intensity in goal-directed activities, which are related to social behavior, sexual activity, work or school.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Libido often increases and the person may form sexual relationships without considering the consequences.
.^ The manic state is in sharp contrast to the depressive phase of bipolar patients.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Manic Depression Bipolar Disorder, Two Extreme Cycles in One Maddening Disease This article looks into the nightmare of bipolar from the patient's view and is written by the spouse of a bipolar patient.- Understanding Bipolar Disorder - Associated Content - Topic 11 September 2009 9:54 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]
^ Likewise, screens for the more subtle forms of psychosis, such as paranoid or delusional states, in addition to screens for overt psychosis, such as observing the patient responding to unseen others or other non–reality-based internal stimuli, are explored.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
[8] .^ There are some people who have one or more manic or mixed episodes in a very long time, and these people are categorized in Bipolar 1.
^ Many studies indicate that lithium works better for controlling manic states, and that lamotrigine works better for bipolar depression.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ It is often an afterthought for many people, but it is very important for many people to choose a new mattress so that they can sleep as well as possible.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
.^ Have a loved one with bipolar disorder and other disorders?- 10 Secrets to Supporting Someone with Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC tobipolardisorderinfo.com [Source type: General]
^ This is my experience with the bipolar mixed state in persons with bipolar disorder.
^ A manic episode is a period of an elevated or irritable mood for at least one week.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ A manic episode is a period of an elevated or irritable mood for at least one week.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ According to the National Institute of Mental Health, people who have a siblin...- Bipolar Disorder | LIVESTRONG.COM 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.livestrong.com [Source type: General]
^ National Institute of Mental Health; 1980-1985.- Stigma & Mental Illness 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC www.priory.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Children and adolescents The prevalence of bipolar disorder in a community sample of children and adolescents was 1%; an additional 5.7% had mood symptoms that met criteria for bipolar disorder not otherwise specified ( 124 ).
^ Some of the difficulty arises in recognizing atypical symptoms, including irritability, tantrums, physical aggression, and other behavioral problems, such as expressions of mood disruptions.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Criteria for a hypomanic episode A hypomanic episode is a distinct period of elevated, expansive, or irritable mood that lasts at least four days, and is different from the usual nondepressed mood.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
[9]
Hypomanic episode
.^ Mania may also include a decreased need for sleep, racing thoughts or a sense that thoughts are out of control, rapid and often pressured speech, increased goal-directed activities or projects, hypersexuality, reckless behaviors and risk-taking, and delusions of grandeur.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ The classic symptoms of mania, including racing thoughts, pressured speech, hypersexuality, and grandiosity, more often match the presentation of bipolar disorder in late adolescence.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ The symptoms of mania include a decreased need for sleep, pressured speech, increased libido, reckless behavior without regard for consequences, grandiosity, and severe thought disturbances, which may or may not include psychosis.- Bipolar Affective Disorder: eMedicine Psychiatry 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Artists are often some of the most creative people around as they have the visual medium to give shape to their every dream and fantasy.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Some people will debate in the favor of experience while others will vouch for degrees.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Some people have equal numbers of manic and depressive episodes; others have mostly one type or the other.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
Others experience
hypersexuality.
.^ Be more active than usual.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ Talk more than usual.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ A person may spend excessive amounts of money (which they usually dont have), delve into risky ventures or increase gambling due to an increased optimism.
They do not, however, have
delusions or hallucinations.
.^ I was diagnosed with both disorders at the same time, I'm also a drug user, it's so difficult to cope at the moment.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Doctors usually require this because taking only an antidepressant can increase a person's risk of switching to mania or hypomania, or of developing rapid cycling symptoms.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ SAMe (pronounced Sammy) This supplement may affect levels of dopamine and serotonin in the brain, but carries with it a risk of mania.
.^ In families where one person has manic depressive illness, there are often other family members who have episodes of depressive illness or hypomania.
^ What most believe was a "10" after a successful diet, turns out to be only a "1" on the "feel good" scale once they experience the benefits of chelation.
^ People feel sorry for you and label it as an illness but i see it as riding storms and seeing sunsets that perhaps the average person may never see.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ Mood disturbances in children and adolescents are often more difficult to recognize and diagnose than those in adults.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ It is not known if there is a gene for bipolar or if it is a vulnerability to severe mood swings that is passed on through families.
^ To learn more about how you can help your loved one through mood swings, see Helping a person during a manic episode .- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
[10] .^ You may or may not have had a major depressive episode.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
^ Bipolar depression typically lasts 2 - 3 months -- not as long as in major depression (although left untreated some bipolar disorder episodes can last 6 - 12 months or longer).- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Call your doctor if you feel you're falling into an episode of depression or mania.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
.^ Women experience more depressive episodes.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ Use more if mercury toxicity is profound enough to cause depression, Alzheimers or brain fog.
^ People with bipolar disorder also may be explosive and irritable during a mood episode.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Most patients with bipolar disorder fluctuate between mania an...- Bipolar Disorder | LIVESTRONG.COM 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.livestrong.com [Source type: General]
^ Between 1 - 2 million Americans may suffer from bipolar disorder.
^ Bipolar disorder is a psychiatric illness, characterized by mood swings – from depressed moods ("low lows") to manic moods ("high highs"), with "normal" moods in between.- 10 Secrets to Supporting Someone with Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC tobipolardisorderinfo.com [Source type: General]
Mixed affective episode
.^ Symptoms of depression and symptoms of mania or hypomania may also occur together.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
^ ADHD has symptoms that overlap with bipolar disorder.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
^ In 2000, the FDA approved it to treat bipolar mania and mixed states.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
[11]
Associated features
.^ The American Psychiatric Association has a book known as the DSM-IV, short for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
^ Diagnostic criteria for 299.80 Asperger's Disorder (AD) ", Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , 4th ed., text revision ( DSM-IV-TR ).- My Aspergers Child: Aspergers: Behavioral Interventions 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.myaspergerschild.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Diagnostic criteria for bipolar disorder are based on the specific type of bipolar disorder.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
- Cognitive functioning
.^ Unlike people with bipolar disorder, people who have unipolar depression do not experience mania.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Depressive Disorder The Treatment of Bipolar Disorder The treatments of bipolar disorder are dicussed.- Understanding Bipolar Disorder - Associated Content - Topic 11 September 2009 9:54 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]
^ The control individuals were not diagnosed for affective disorders.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
[12] .^ Many studies indicate that lithium works better for controlling manic states, and that lamotrigine works better for bipolar depression.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Some studies are finding that maintenance electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) may be helpful for patients who do not respond to medications.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Functional and anatomical cortical underconnectivity in autism: evidence from an FMRI study of an executive function task and corpus callosum morphometry ".- My Aspergers Child: Aspergers: Behavioral Interventions 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.myaspergerschild.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Some doctors speculate that, as in schizophrenia, nicotine use may be a form of self-medication because of its specific effects on the brain.
^ Therefore, an episode may be reported as a bipolar disorder with a single manic episode, with recurrent manic episodes, or by the mood state of the most recent episode (eg, depressed, mixed, hypomanic, manic).- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Some studies are finding that maintenance electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) may be helpful for patients who do not respond to medications.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
[13][14] .^ Incidence of bipolar II disorder is higher in females than in males.- Bipolar Affective Disorder: eMedicine Psychiatry 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Lifetime psychiatric disorders in school-aged offspring of parents with bipolar disorder: the Pittsburgh Bipolar Offspring study.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ She found that 38% had been treated for bipolar disorder.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
[15] .^ This topic discusses bipolar disorder in adults.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ She found that 38% had been treated for bipolar disorder.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Smith, Daniel and Blackwood, D. H. and Muir, W. J. (2006) Neurocognitive impairment in euthymic young adults with bipolar spectrum disorder and recurrent major depressive disorder.- Items where Year is 2006 -ORCA 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC orca.cardiff.ac.uk [Source type: Academic]
[16]
- Creativity
.^ What can people with bipolar disorder expect from treatment?- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Unfortunately, many people don't seek treatment for bipolar disorder.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ As many as 20% of people with bipolar disorder (1 in 5) will kill themselves.- Bipolar Disorder Success | 10 Secrets to Helping and Supporting Your Loved One 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC bipolardisorderdvd.com [Source type: General]
[17][18][19] .^ Have a loved one with bipolar disorder and other disorders?- 10 Secrets to Supporting Someone with Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC tobipolardisorderinfo.com [Source type: General]
^ No single cause may ever be found for bipolar disorder.
^ What causes bipolar disorder?- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
[20][21][22]
- Goals
.^ Treatment for Bipolar Bipolar Disorder: Hypomania and Mania When you have Bipolar, sometimes expressing how you feel can be difficult to those you love.
^ Acute Mania - If hypomania is not treated, lack of sleep and high level of activity may lead to acute mania where thinking is disjointed and distorted.
^ During this cycle I am at extremes, sometimes I achieve the greatest things, only to destroy those achievements almost immediately.
.^ One study indicated that lithium reduced the risk for suicide regardless of its effects on stabilizing mood.
^ Once you do this, your next job is to become actively involved in your care from day one.
^ Several studies have indicated that IL1 is likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
[23] .^ Counselling plays an important adjunctive role in the treatment of manic depression.Therapy issues include dealing with the psychosocial stressors that may precipitate or worsen manic and depressive episodes and dealing with the individual , interpersonal, social and occupational consequences of the disorder itself.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ In extremes of depression and mania, they may experience difficulty in concentrating and focusing.- Bipolar Affective Disorder: eMedicine Psychiatry 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ The personal hygiene of individuals experiencing a depressed episode reflects their low mood, as evidenced by poor grooming, lack of shaving, and lack of washing.- Bipolar Affective Disorder: eMedicine Psychiatry 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
[24]
Causes
.^ What causes bipolar disorder?- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ This manual is NOT and I repeat NOT for individuals with bipolar disorder.- 10 Secrets to Supporting Someone with Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC tobipolardisorderinfo.com [Source type: General]
^ The cause of bipolar disorder is not completely understood.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
.^ Further evidence for family-genetic risk factors in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder : patterns of comorbidity in probands and relatives in psychiatrically and pediatrically referred samples .- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
^ Genetic and environmental influences on the covariation between hyperactivity and conduct disturbance in juvenile twins.- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
^ Studies of the mutations in unrelated Fabry families have identified a variety of lesions indicating the molecular genetic heterogeneity underlying the disease.
.^ Forum for Modern Language Studies, 40 (1).
^ There have been biographical studies of earlier generations of artists and writers which show that they have 18 times the rate of suicide (as compared to the general population), 8-10 times the rate of unipolar depression, and 10-20 times the rate of bipolar depression.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Twin studies demonstrate a concordance of 33-90% for BPI in identical twins.- Bipolar Affective Disorder: eMedicine Psychiatry 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
[25] .^ An analysis of the combination of intestinal MDR1 level and liver CYP3A5 genotype revealed that the tacrolimus C/D ratio was lower in the group with higher MDR1 levels regardless of CYP3A5 genotype during postoperative week 1.
^ I really liked your distinguished views between bipolar I and bipolar II. .- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Patients with bipolar II disorder and those with depressive mixed state are most likely to be misdiagnosed with unipolar depression.
.^ Are there different types of bipolar disorder?- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ Depressive Disorder The Treatment of Bipolar Disorder The treatments of bipolar disorder are dicussed.- Understanding Bipolar Disorder - Associated Content - Topic 11 September 2009 9:54 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]
^ Depression and bipolar disorder.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
[27] .^ The basic reason for this is that allele sharing among relatives in isolated populations may be exaggerated due large regions of founder chromosomes that have not been broken up by recombination.- Susceptability and resistance genes for bipolar affective disorder - Patent 6897022 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Genetic and environmental influences on the covariation between hyperactivity and conduct disturbance in juvenile twins.- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
^ On the other hand, a significant positive correlation between ACh responsiveness and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol status was detected.
[26]
Genetic
.^ The study results suggest factors besides genes are also at work.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Genetic studies of autistic disorder and chromosome 7 .- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
^ The disorder appears to result from a mutation in the gene for apoB-100.
[28] .^ Exploratory findings from the first 28 families (n = 247) were tested prospectively in an additional 30 families (n = 259), and the effect of confirmed findings on the linkage evidence was assessed.- Arch Gen Psychiatry -- Linkage of Bipolar Disorder to Chromosome 18q and the Validity of Bipolar II Disorder, November 2001, McMahon et al. 58 (11): 1025 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC archpsyc.ama-assn.org [Source type: Academic]
^ Although I am in the depressed stage, mania is breaking my mind into fragments and I find it hard to think logical thoughts.
^ Recent genetic studies have revealed that the IL1 gene complex (IL,1 alpha, IL1, beta and IL1 receptor antagonist) was associated with schizophrenia, although contradictory findings have also been reported.
[30] .^ Searching for susceptibility genes in schizophrenia by genetic linkage analysis.- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
^ These approaches may be vector-based, e.g.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
^ Synapsin II has been proposed as a candidate gene for vulnerability to schizophrenia on the basis of its function and its location in a region of the genome implicated by linkage studies in families with schizophrenia.
.^ Potential linkage for schizophrenia on chromosome 22q12-q13 : a replication study.- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
^ Collaborative genome-wide association analysis supports a role for ANK3 and CACNA1C in bipolar disorder.- Bipolar Affective Disorder: eMedicine Psychiatry 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ No significant differences in the numbers of apoptotic cells were observed between the different treatment conditions.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
[30] .^ These data suggest that the 4 polymorphisms in the promoter region of the HL gene are in linkage disequilibrium with > /=1 as-yet-unknown functional polymorphisms in the HL gene locus with a significant effect on HL metabolism and/or enzymatic activity.
^ In the second phase of the present study, candidate gene GPR154, which is located in the phase one-linked region, was investigated in 211 families with seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that tag most haplotype variability, by the pedigree disequilibrium test.
^ To explore whether the inconsistent results in previous studies might be due to linkage disequilibrium with a polymorphism or haplotype not previously tested, we genotyped 10 additional NOS3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning 25.3 kb.
[34] .^ The nucleic acid molecules according to the invention may be derived from any organism encoding corresponding P2X7R ATP-gated ion channels.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
^ A non-functional ATP-gated ion channel P2X7R is a protein which can be classified as a P2X7R protein due to structural characteristics as described above but which has lost at least one, preferably all, functional characteristics of a P2X7R protein as described above.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
^ An identified agonist of the ATP-gated ion channel P2X7R comprising the mutation(s) and/or deletion(s) described hereinabove may be useful to reestablish the lost functionality of the P2X7R ATP-gated ion channel.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
[35] .^ Synapsin II has been proposed as a candidate gene for vulnerability to schizophrenia on the basis of its function and its location in a region of the genome implicated by linkage studies in families with schizophrenia.
^ The association of 1 SNP of this gene with PC levels (P=0.005) strongly supports the implication of NQO1 gene in the variability of PC levels.
^ Our findings point to promoter polymorphism(s) in the ACHE gene as the dominant susceptibility factor(s) for adverse responses to exposure or to treatment with anti-AChEs.
[36] .^ X-linked non specific mental retardation (MRX) linkage studies in 25 unrelated famililes : the European XLMR consortium.- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
^ July 2007 A person who is dealing with specific goals of writing a study may need to have various research paper ideas.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Given the various loci mentioned in the above studies (e.g., links to chromosomes 5, 6, 12, 13, 15, 18, 21), a definite genetic link for affective diseases remains to be found.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
[37][38][39][40][41] .^ Genetic research on bipolar disorder is being helped by advances in technology.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ In one aspect, the present invention provides genetically based methods and kits for determining a genotype associated with an increased or decreased susceptibility to familial bipolar affective disorder in a family affected by bipolar affective disorder.- Susceptability and resistance genes for bipolar affective disorder - Patent 6897022 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
^ There is increased psychopathology in children who have at least one biologic parent with bipolar I or bipolar II disorder.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
[42] .^ This is followed by induction of genes known to mediate cell death and repression of growth/survival-related genes.
^ This study traces the evolutionary pathways of the apolipoprotein B gene in the low risk Chinese and high risk Asian Indians in relation to coronary artery disease (CAD).
^ Thus, our results suggest the existence of at least one more major breast cancer-susceptibility gene.
.^ Rather, it is likely that many different genes and a person's environment are involved.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ But genes are not the only risk factor for bipolar disorder.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ To date, the two silencer elements and possibly also the HNF-1-like element are the only functional elements defined in the CYP2C11 gene, and it is conceivable that induction of the gene involves derepression of the silencer elements.
[43]
Childhood precursors
.^ People with bipolar disorder also may be explosive and irritable during a mood episode.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Bipolar depression typically lasts 2 - 3 months -- not as long as in major depression (although left untreated some bipolar disorder episodes can last 6 - 12 months or longer).
^ Early signs of a mood episode differ from person to person and are different for mood elevations and depressions.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
There may be hypersensitivity and irritability.
.^ Here are some symptoms someone with mania may experience: Inability to sleep, and lack of need to sleep.
^ There are just some things that can only be learnt through experience, with no amount of preparation adequate.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ May 2007 There can always be debate about the importance of work experience against academic qualification.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
[44] .^ The risk of suicide in patients with bipolar disorders.- Stigma & Mental Illness 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC www.priory.com [Source type: Academic]
^ She found that 38% had been treated for bipolar disorder.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Causes: No single cause may ever be found for bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
[45][46][47]
Life events and experiences
.^ Garrett A, Chang K. The role of the amygdala in bipolar disorder development.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Of course, your mileage may vary.- Lexapro User Reviews at Drugs.com 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC www.drugs.com [Source type: General]
^ What are the risk factors for bipolar disorder?- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[43] .^ Smith, Daniel and Blackwood, D. H. and Muir, W. J. (2006) Neurocognitive impairment in euthymic young adults with bipolar spectrum disorder and recurrent major depressive disorder.- Items where Year is 2006 -ORCA 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC orca.cardiff.ac.uk [Source type: Academic]
^ There have been biographical studies of earlier generations of artists and writers which show that they have 18 times the rate of suicide (as compared to the general population), 8-10 times the rate of unipolar depression, and 10-20 times the rate of bipolar depression.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ There are some people who have one or more manic or mixed episodes in a very long time, and these people are categorized in Bipolar 1.
[48] .^ For more information on bipolar disorder .- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Anxiety disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and social phobia, also co-occur often among people with bipolar disorder.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ I was diagnosed with a form of bipolar disorder after … .- Alltop - Top Bipolar Disorder News 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC bipolar.alltop.com [Source type: General]
[49] .^ This topic discusses bipolar disorder in adults.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ Incidence of bipolar II disorder is higher in females than in males.- Bipolar Affective Disorder: eMedicine Psychiatry 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ According to the Child and Adolescent bipolar Foundation, diagnosis of bipolar disorder is done with...- Bipolar Disorder | LIVESTRONG.COM 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.livestrong.com [Source type: General]
[50] .^ But genes are not the only risk factor for bipolar disorder.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ For more information on bipolar disorder .- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The risk of suicide in patients with bipolar disorders.- Stigma & Mental Illness 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC www.priory.com [Source type: Academic]
[44]
Neural processes
Hyperintensities (bright areas on MRI scans above) are 2.5 times more likely to occur in bipolar disorder
.^ Have a loved one with bipolar disorder and other disorders?- 10 Secrets to Supporting Someone with Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC tobipolardisorderinfo.com [Source type: General]
^ Bipolar disorder and other mood disorders are increasingly understood in the context of neurochemical imbalances in the brain.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ This is a research paper on bipolar disorder and the genders.
.^ Nevertheless, two 2000 studies found no differences in drop-out rates between the two agents.
^ One small 2001 study found an association between the presence of lesions (small damaged areas) in specific areas of the brain and a poor response to medication.
^ Some imaging studies show how the brains of people with bipolar disorder may differ from the brains of healthy people or people with other mental disorders.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The research goal is to find out what causes juvenile-onset bipolar disorder so that more effective treatments can be developed.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ For example, although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the brains of patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia have revealed structural abnormalities in the hippocampus, there are differences.
^ When it becomes an issue of preference to which software is more applicable however, there can be some conflict between the various...- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
.^ For more information on bipolar disorder .- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ (African-American men are more likely to be diagnosed with schizophrenia than with bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ She found that 38% had been treated for bipolar disorder.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ Have a loved one with bipolar disorder and other disorders?- 10 Secrets to Supporting Someone with Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC tobipolardisorderinfo.com [Source type: General]
^ Other disorders that may occur along with bipolar disorder include: 5 .- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ Are there different types of bipolar disorder?- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
.^ In addition to drugs, other factors may affect lithium levels, including the following: Seasonal change.
^ Further association studies using CLUMP were performed on samples that contain more case and control individuals.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
^ The association studies using SNPs in P2X7, P2X4, and CaMKK2 reveal associations significant at level of about 5% or less.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
[53]
.^ Some people with bipolar disorder experience hypomania.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ What can people with bipolar disorder expect from treatment?- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ It has been theorized that people with bipolar disorder will be affected by the genetic makeup.
.^ Therefore, an episode may be reported as a bipolar disorder with a single manic episode, with recurrent manic episodes, or by the mood state of the most recent episode (eg, depressed, mixed, hypomanic, manic).- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Recognize The Symptoms Of Your Disorder If you educate yourself about your disease, you will become the best person to help when you start to experience a manic or depressive episode.
^ Watchful waiting may be enough if a mood episode has just started and you are taking proper medicines.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
.^ Are there different types of bipolar disorder?- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ Is there a correlation of bipolar disorder with creativity?- Bipolar Disorder - Associated Content - Topic 11 September 2009 10:010 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]
- Bipolar Facts - Associated Content - Topic 11 September 2009 9:54 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]
- Understanding Bipolar Disorder - Associated Content - Topic 11 September 2009 9:54 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]
^ There are different types of bipolar disorders and that is bipolar type 1 and then bipolar type 2.
[55]
Recent research in Japan hypothesizes that dysfunctional
mitochondria in the brain may play a role
[56].^ Intriguing Alternative Treatments for Bipolar Disorder and Depression In recent years much research has been done on alternative treatments for bipolar disorder and depression.
^ Bipolar disorder causes periods of abnormally high (manic) mood followed by periods of abnormally low mood (depression).- Bipolar Disorder | LIVESTRONG.COM 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.livestrong.com [Source type: General]
^ Ect Bipolar Disorder/Manic Depression: History, Symptoms, Effects and Treatments This is a research paper that provides a basic overview of the symptoms of and issues surrounding bipolar disorder.
.^ Patients with one type may develop another.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ The results suggest that VEGF is a major angiogenesis factor in NSCLC but that other factors beside ras mutations may influence tumor vascularity in these tumors.
^ The affected person may not mind the mania or may be in denial of the disease, and since it only lasts a few hours, no one else may even notice.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
[citation needed]
Melatonin activity
.^ Mood Disorder The Treatment of Bipolar Disorder The treatments of bipolar disorder are dicussed.
^ Bipolar Facts Bipolar Disorder Through the Eyes of Virginia Woolf This article examines the case of Virginia Woolf, a famous author whose bipolar illness actually help to make her one of the greatest female writers of her time.
^ Mood Disorder Study Reveals Today's Youths Are More Likely to Have Bipolar Disorder According to a new study published in the September issue of Archives of General Psychiatry, youths today are more likely to have bipolar disorder than they were in the past.- Understanding Bipolar Disorder - Associated Content - Topic 11 September 2009 9:54 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]
.^ A double-blind placebo-controlled study of lamotrigine monotherapy in outpatients with bipolar I depression.- Bipolar Affective Disorder: eMedicine Psychiatry 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Many studies indicate that lithium works better for controlling manic states, and that lamotrigine works better for bipolar depression.
^ In contrast, compared to controls, mice infused with P2X7R specific siRNA showed a significant increase in passive behaviour, which is construed as depressive-like behaviour (FIG. 14).- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
[58] .^ With approximately two percent of the adult population suffering from bipolar disorder, many wonder how many of these mental health patients exhibited symptoms in childhood.- Bipolar Disorder - Associated Content - Topic 11 September 2009 10:010 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]
- Bipolar Facts - Associated Content - Topic 11 September 2009 9:54 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]
- Understanding Bipolar Disorder - Associated Content - Topic 11 September 2009 9:54 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]
^ A procedure called repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may be effective for depression and is being studied for patients with bipolar disorder.
^ A 2000 study reported that bipolar disorder patients had varying degrees of problems in short- and with long-term memory, speed of information processing, and mental flexibility.
[59] .^ The standard first-line mood stabilizers are lithium and valproate.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Mood stabilizers (lithium, valproate, carbazepine) are the core of prevention.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ For all three mood stabilizers, blood tests are used to determine the correct dose and to monitor safety.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
[62] .^ Causes: No single cause may ever be found for bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
^ No single cause may ever be found for bipolar disorder.
^ What causes bipolar disorder?- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
Psychological processes
.^ Symptoms of Bipolar Disease Bipolar Disorder A study of Bipolar disorder which includes treatment and managing the disorder.
^ Psychological Disorder Bipolar Disorder Bipolar disorder is treatable.
^ Depressive symptoms in those with bipolar disorder tend to vary.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
The existing evidence has been described as patchy in terms of quality but converging in a consistent manner.
.^ Depression, also known as unipolar affective disorder, is characterized by a combination of symptoms such as lowered mood, loss of energy, loss of interest, feeling of physical illness, poor concentration, altered appetite, altered sleep and a slowing down of physical and mental functions resulting in a relentless feeling of hopelessness, helplessness, guilt, and anxiety.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
^ Behav Genet 1995, 25 : 537-544 THAPAR A, MCGUFFIN P. Anxiety and depressive symptoms in childhood -A genetic study of comorbidity.- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
^ Hypomania Understanding Bipolar Disorder Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder that consists of periods in a state of depression or the opposite, mania.
.^ This could lead to a relative increase in shorter exon 2 transcripts, which may be more efficiently translated than exon 1 transcripts.
^ An increase in intensity in goal-directed activities occurs, which is related to social behavior, sexual activity, work, school, or combinations.
^ Individuals whose genotype predicted increased 5-HT transporter activity may be more susceptible to depressive changes in response to transient 5-HT perturbations.
.^ With mania, either euphoria or irritability may mark the phase, and there are significant negative effects (such as sexual recklessness, excessive impulse shopping, sudden traveling) on a patients' social life, work, or both.
^ On the other, you have events that contribute to mania and related upswings.
^ However, they revealed a significant association between the NR4A2 gene haplotype and alcohol dependence, indicating that 2q22-q23 including the NR4A2 gene locus is a possible genomic region contributing to genetic susceptibility to alcohol dependence.
.^ High doses may cause seizures.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC preventdisease.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Simultaneously, with the change in eating pattern, PWS individuals show significant maladaptive behavioural and emotional characteristics including temper tantrums, inappropriate social behaviour, automutilation (skin picking), stubbornness, mood lability, impulsivity, argumentativeness, anxiety and obsessive compulsive symptoms [67,68].- Microdeletions and molecular genetics : from clinical phenotype to behavioural phenotype 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC atlasgeneticsoncology.org [Source type: Academic]
^ This does not point out that such products don't work, its just that "misdiagnosis" of the root cause may qualify us to certain solutions that were not ...- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
.^ Counselling plays an important adjunctive role in the treatment of manic depression.Therapy issues include dealing with the psychosocial stressors that may precipitate or worsen manic and depressive episodes and dealing with the individual , interpersonal, social and occupational consequences of the disorder itself.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ The EEG patterns seen in AS are very characteristic and are seen in patients with and without seizures and may play an important diagnostic role in the appropriate clinical context [74].- Microdeletions and molecular genetics : from clinical phenotype to behavioural phenotype 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC atlasgeneticsoncology.org [Source type: Academic]
^ OBJECTIVE: To test whether ghrelin variants could play a role in modulating some aspects of the obese phenotype during childhood.
.^ I often described this experience like trying to hold onto a tiger by the tail…a wonderful, scary adventure…an out of control- but exhilirating rush of emotions.- Harnessing Entrepreneurial Manic-Depression: Making the Rollercoaster Work for You 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.fourhourworkweek.com [Source type: General]
.^ There was a correlation between increasing tumor vascularity and VEGF immunostaining score, but there was no correlation between either of them with the activation of the ras oncogene.
.^ People feel sorry for you and label it as an illness but i see it as riding storms and seeing sunsets that perhaps the average person may never see.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Also, if you have a young man in your home, you will also notice that they may end up wetting the bed more and more often.
^ The classic symptoms of mania, including racing thoughts, pressured speech, hypersexuality, and grandiosity, more often match the presentation of bipolar disorder in late adolescence.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Between 1 - 2 million Americans may suffer from bipolar disorder.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ People with bipolar disorder also may be explosive and irritable during a mood episode.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ For more information on bipolar disorder .- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[12] .^ The software is built with many feratures such as payment reminder, various reports, a very simple interface for adding income and expenses etc.
[63]
Diagnosis
.^ Clinical psychologists, clinical social workers and nurse specialists can also diagnose and provide counselling and psychotherapy.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ Family members and friends can help by: .- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ Mental health specialists, such as psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, or mental health counselors Health maintenance organizations Community mental health centers Hospital psychiatry departments and outpatient clinics Mental health programs at universities or medical schools State hospital outpatient clinics Family services, social agencies, or clergy Peer support groups Private clinics and facilities Employee assistance programs Local medical and/or psychiatric societies.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The AACP also advises that there are currently no established criteria for diagnosing bipolar disorder in preschoolers.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Given that risk can depend both on susceptibility and protective alleles, it is desirable to have means to determine the presence or absence of both types of alleles associated with bipolar affective disorder.- Susceptability and resistance genes for bipolar affective disorder - Patent 6897022 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
^ ACh-induced venodilation was mediated by muscarinic receptors and abolished in the presence of both acetylsalicylic acid and L-NMMA suggesting dependence on endothelium.
^ Any patient with bipolar disorder who takes antidepressants and who develops symptoms of hypomania should stop taking these drugs, because hypomania is often a sign of impending mania.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ This is because, in general, there are probably few other zones of the body we consider to be more si...- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ While there are many people who have a decided preference for other more sophisticated alcoholic drinks, beer can be considered as a fun beverage.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ There are those birthdays that are considered milestones like 21st 30th 40th and others.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
.^ People with bipolar disorder should monitor their physical and mental health.- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Filed in Mental Health Update under bipolar disorder .
^ Other health professionals who can diagnose bipolar disorder include: .- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
.^ Medicines that may be used for initial treatment include: .- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ It includes an interview with a health professional, a physical exam, and written or verbal tests.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
.^ Medications for bipolar disorder include: .- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
^ There are no lab tests for it.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ To confirm the presence of different tests are carried out.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
.^ Some experts speculate that, as in schizophrenia, nicotine use may be a form of self-medication because of its specific effects on the brain.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Some doctors speculate that, as in schizophrenia, nicotine use may be a form of self-medication because of its specific effects on the brain.
^ One study that used brain scans before and after ECT found no evidence of cell damage.
.^ June 2007 In general, anxiety disorders are treated with medication, specific types of psychotherapy, or both.14 Treatment choices depend on the problem and the person's preference.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Intensive psychotherapy in combination with medication can help improve depression outcomes, indicates a 2007 study in the Archives of General Psychiatry .- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
^ If you are trying to get a job, there are laws that prevent your potential employer from asking you if you have a disability and inquiring about your medical history unless you volunteer that information.
.^ What are the symptoms of bipolar disorder?- NIMH · Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nimh.nih.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Other disorders that may occur along with bipolar disorder include: 5 .- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ Are there different types of bipolar disorder?- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
.^ Schizoaffective Disorder - the person has symptoms of mood disorder and also has some symptoms of schizophrenia.
^ Remission The Psychological Problems of Ivan the Terrible Ivan the Terrible might have suffered from bipolar disorder, borderline personality, paranoid personality disorder, anti-social personality disorder, substance use disorder and sadistic attitudes.
^ Schizophrenia•related and affective personality disorder traits in relatives of probands with schizo•phrenia and personality disorders.- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
.^ Early signs of a mood episode differ from person to person and are different for mood elevations and depressions.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder that causes symptoms of both mania and depression in patients.- Bipolar Disorder | LIVESTRONG.COM 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.livestrong.com [Source type: General]
^ Bipolar disorder is a relatively common disorder characterized by extreme swings in mood.
.^ Exercise 20 minutes a day for mood -- and an hour for fat-burning.
^ It was a super fast thing and only lasted for a super short second, but it would occur at random times throughout the day.- Lexapro User Reviews at Drugs.com 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC www.drugs.com [Source type: General]
^ Mood swings can shift rapidly from mania to depression over the course of several days or hours.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Mood Disorder Study Reveals Today's Youths Are More Likely to Have Bipolar Disorder According to a new study published in the September issue of Archives of General Psychiatry, youths today are more likely to have bipolar disorder than they were in the past.- Understanding Bipolar Disorder - Associated Content - Topic 11 September 2009 9:54 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]
^ Bipolar disorder is an illness that causes extreme mood changes from manic episodes of very high energy to the extreme lows of depression .- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ As I got to know him, I realised his condition was a little more complicated than your garden variety anxiety: he is diagnosed with manic-depression, also known as bipolar disorder.
[65] .^ Schizoaffective Disorder - the person has symptoms of mood disorder and also has some symptoms of schizophrenia.
^ However, when it comes to bipolar disorder it is something that affects a child similarly, but they cannot help their mood swings.
^ Other important forms of depression are premenstrual dysphoric disorder and seasonal affective disorder.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
[68][69]
Clinical scales
.^ Ghaemi SN, Ko JY, Goodwin FK. "Cade's disease" and beyond: misdiagnosis, antidepressant use, and a proposed definition for bipolar spectrum disorder.- Stigma & Mental Illness 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC www.priory.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Screening tests can let you know if your baby does not have this chromosomal disorder, while later diagnostic tests can confirm that the fetus does, in fact, have Down syndrome.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Bipolar spectrum disorders frequently go unrecognized and untreated, which results in health and psychosocial problems later on.
The BSDS arose from Pies's experience as a psychopharmacology consultant, where he was frequently called on to manage cases of "
treatment-resistant depression." There are 19 question items and two sections on the English version of the BSDS. The scale was validated in its original version and demonstrated a high sensitivity.
[71]
Criteria and subtypes
.^ Types of bipolar disorder .- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ Are there different types of bipolar disorder?- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ There are many approaches to treating this disorder.
[72] .^ Bipolar Facts Rare Bipolar Disorder Types: IV, V and VI Based on the work from Gerald Klerman, three types of bipolar disorder not included in the DSM-IV-TR. This article also looks at the lesser-recognized Hagop Akiskal's concept of the bipolar disorder types.- Understanding Bipolar Disorder - Associated Content - Topic 11 September 2009 9:54 UTC www.associatedcontent.com [Source type: General]
^ Smith, Daniel and Blackwood, D. H. and Muir, W. J. (2006) Neurocognitive impairment in euthymic young adults with bipolar spectrum disorder and recurrent major depressive disorder.- Items where Year is 2006 -ORCA 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC orca.cardiff.ac.uk [Source type: Academic]
^ Evaluation and comparison of psychometric instruments for pediatric bipolar spectrum disorders in four age groups.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
The DSM-IV-TR lists three specific subtypes:
[73]
- Bipolar I disorder
- One or more manic episodes. .^ It can be made of more than one type, depending on the preference of a company, as l...
- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ There are some people who have one or more manic or mixed episodes in a very long time, and these people are categorized in Bipolar 1.
^ In families where one person has manic depressive illness, there are often other family members who have episodes of depressive illness or hypomania.
[74] .^ Therefore, an episode may be reported as a bipolar disorder with a single manic episode, with recurrent manic episodes, or by the mood state of the most recent episode (eg, depressed, mixed, hypomanic, manic).- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ When onset occurs at younger ages, the initial episodes are more likely to be depressive.
^ In Rapid Cycling Bipolar Disorder, a person has at least four episodes per year, in any combination of manic, hypomanic, mixed, or depressive episodes.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
- Bipolar II disorder
- No manic episodes, but one or more hypomanic episodes and one or more .^ Bipolar depression typically lasts 2 - 3 months -- not as long as in major depression (although left untreated some bipolar disorder episodes can last 6 - 12 months or longer).
- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Most recently in a manic episode with at least one previous major depressive episode, manic episode, or mixed episode 4.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Bipolar depressive episodes tend to develop more gradually than do those caused by major depression.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
[75] .^ A family history of manic-depressive illness may make a doctor suspicious, but a diagnosis of bipolar disorder cannot be established until a manic or hypomanic episode has occurred.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Bipolar II - the person has episodes of hypomania which generally do not disrupt normal activities.
^ Subsequently, Bipolar II is characterized as the presence or history of one or more major depressive episodes and at least one hypomanic episode, without a precedence of a manic or mixed episode.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
. Hypomanic episodes do not go to the full extremes of mania (i.e., do not usually cause severe social or occupational impairment, and are without psychosis), and this can make Bipolar II more difficult to diagnose, since the hypomanic episodes may simply appear as a period of successful high productivity and is reported less frequently than a distressing, crippling depression.^ Bipolar depressive episodes develop more gradually than those caused by major depression.
^ Bipolar depressive episodes tend to develop more gradually than do those caused by major depression.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ I had been at the extremes emotionally for so long anything less than that was simply not registered.- Is manic-depression a disease to be cured? - Straight Dope Message Board 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC boards.straightdope.com [Source type: Original source]
- Cyclothymia
- A history of hypomanic episodes with periods of depression that do not meet criteria for .^ Depression (major depressive episode) .
- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ Bipolar depression typically lasts 2 - 3 months -- not as long as in major depression (although left untreated some bipolar disorder episodes can last 6 - 12 months or longer).- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Bipolar depressive episodes develop more gradually than those caused by major depression.
[76] .^ There is a fundamental, archetypal type of brain architecture that results in swings between poles in relation to moods, personality traits and capabilities.
^ Thoughts are slower, mood is low and there may be feelings of sadness and emptiness.
^ A person fluctuates between high mood mania and low mood depression.
.^ How is bipolar disorder diagnosed?- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ I have been diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder now for 6 years or so.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Bipolar disorder is hard to diagnose.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
[77] .^ Fear of falling in the elderly has a detrimental affect on the quality of life, BMJ 320 (2000), 241-6.- Eubios News in Bioethics & Biotechnology 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC eubios.info [Source type: Academic]
^ Although it isn't life-threatening, it will significantly reduce your cat's quality of life.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ The mission of the organization is to "eradicate mental illness and improve the quality of life of those affected by these diseases."- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
.^ As in epilepsy, the more episodes a bipolar disorder patient experiences early in the course of the disease, the more frequent and severe later episodes will be.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC preventdisease.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Bipolar disorder is more prevalent than was previously thought, but this illness, particularly bipolar disorder II, is still poorly recognized in the family-practice setting.
^ There is another form of bipolar disorder doctors call bipolar II disorder .
.^ Therefore, an episode may be reported as a bipolar disorder with a single manic episode, with recurrent manic episodes, or by the mood state of the most recent episode (eg, depressed, mixed, hypomanic, manic).- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ April 2009 There are two personal principles on the vicious cycle that most marriages undergo.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Most recently in a manic episode with at least one previous major depressive episode, manic episode, or mixed episode 4.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
[78]
Rapid cycling
.^ Who is affected by bipolar disorder?- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ Bipolar disorder that does not meet one the above criteria is classified as Bipolar Disorder NOS. .
^ The disorder lasts at least 2 years, with single episodes persisting for more than 2 months.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
[79][80]
.^ The mood swings are the same as with other types of bipolar, but the frequency of mood swings distinguishes rapid-cycling bipolar disorder from the other subtypes.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ (Valproate may be better in patients with multiple manic episodes, mixed episodes, and rapid cycling.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ The first step in treating rapid cycling is to try to identify and resolve other factors, such as drug abuse or hypothyroidism, which may have caused this condition.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ I have been diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder now for 6 years or so.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ She found that 38% had been treated for bipolar disorder.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ For more information, see: Bipolar disorder: Preventing manic episodes .- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
.^ In Rapid Cycling Bipolar Disorder, a person has at least four episodes per year, in any combination of manic, hypomanic, mixed, or depressive episodes.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ Lithium is effective for most hypomanic and manic episodes.
^ Most recently in a manic episode with at least one previous major depressive episode, manic episode, or mixed episode 4.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
[81] .^ There are very different when it comes to how extreme the person is.
^ Bipolar disorder affects both sexes equally, but there is a higher incidence of rapid cycling, mixed states, and cyclothymia in women.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC preventdisease.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ There are different approaches: Mixed states and rapid cycling tend to be more resistant to lithium, and so valproate in combination with other agents is a reasonable choice.
.^ Mood swings can shift rapidly from mania to depression over the course of several days or hours.
^ The mood swings are the same as with other types of bipolar, but the frequency of mood swings distinguishes rapid-cycling bipolar disorder from the other subtypes.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ Your submission will be posted on this site along with our response within 12 to 24 hours.- My Aspergers Child: Aspergers: Behavioral Interventions 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.myaspergerschild.com [Source type: Academic]
Challenges
.^ Filed in Mental Health Update under bipolar disorder .
^ Other health professionals who can diagnose bipolar disorder include: .- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ Read more from this blogger: Bipolar Disorder .
[83] .^ The past weeks of illness has made me so aware that the Mental Health System is completely inadequate to deal with immediate support for sufferers of Mental Illness.
^ There is no urgency concerning mental health problems, if I become ill I cannot expect urgent support.
^ There are few drawbacks though, one should be aware before takin...- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
.^ Despite the popular disgust for this treatment, ECT is still used in patients with psychiatric disorders that have not responded to other therapies, most commonly major depression and bipolar disorder.
[84] .^ Individuals whose genotype predicted increased 5-HT transporter activity may be more susceptible to depressive changes in response to transient 5-HT perturbations.
^ Loved ones must also care for themselves or they may also follow a path to severe depression.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ They may be useful in patients whose depression does not respond to lithium.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Patients with bipolar disorder swing between major depressive, mixed, hypomanic, and manic episodes.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ A controlled family history of prepubertal major depressive disorder.- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
^ Bipolar Disorder I. Bipolar disorder I is characterized by at least one manic episode, with or without major depression, that lasts for at least 7 days.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Garrett A, Chang K. The role of the amygdala in bipolar disorder development.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ (Such deficiencies were not observed in patients with nonpsychotic bipolar disorder or unipolar depression.
^ Benazzi F. Bipolar disorder -- focus on bipolar II disorder and mixed depression.
.^ There have been biographical studies of earlier generations of artists and writers which show that they have 18 times the rate of suicide (as compared to the general population), 8-10 times the rate of unipolar depression, and 10-20 times the rate of bipolar depression.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ There are some people who have one or more manic or mixed episodes in a very long time, and these people are categorized in Bipolar 1.
^ Bipolar depression typically lasts 2 - 3 months -- not as long as in major depression (although left untreated some bipolar disorder episodes can last 6 - 12 months or longer).- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
[86][87]
.^ Neither the author nor the Publisher assumes any responsibility or liability whatsoever on the behalf of any purchaser or reader of these Bipolar disorder - Manic Depression materials.
^ However, imaging tests do not currently play a role in diagnosing bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ This neurotransmitter probably plays an important role in bipolar disorder as well as other conditions for which ECT is sometimes recommended, including delusional depression.
.^ Bipolar disorder is something that can only be controlled.
^ It's not an easy issue, and no one said it was.- Is manic-depression a disease to be cured? - Straight Dope Message Board 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC boards.straightdope.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Bipolar disorder that does not meet one the above criteria is classified as Bipolar Disorder NOS. .
.^ May 2009 For most people, especially those who do not consider themselves financially wealthy, the decision to buy diamond jewelry is a major one.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ People with bipolar disorder—men more often than women—may have substance abuse problems, especially during manic episodes.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ People with bipolar II have more depressive episodes than hypomanic episodes.- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
[12]
.^ Mood variations in bipolar disorder are not predictable, so it is sometimes difficult to tell if a patient is responding to treatment or naturally emerging from a bipolar phase.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
^ An imbalance in naturally occurring brain chemicals called neurotransmitters seems to play a significant role in bipolar disorder and other mood disorders.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
[88] .^ Changes in mood, sleep, or energy .- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ Bipolar disorder is an illness that causes extreme mood changes from manic episodes of very high energy to the extreme lows of depression .- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
^ The severity of the mood swings and the way they disrupt normal activities distinguish clinical mood episodes from ordinary mood changes.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
.^ Great post on bipolar disorder and boundaries.
^ Depressive symptoms in those with bipolar disorder tend to vary.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Bipolar disorder is classified according to symptom severity as bipolar disorder I, bipolar disorder II, and cyclothymic disorder.
.^ Individuals may stay in one subtype or change into another over the course of their illness.- Bipolar disorder - Depression Wiki 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC depression.wikia.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Individuals may stay in one subtype, or change into another, over the course of their illness.- Bipolar disorder - Psychology Wiki 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC psychology.wikia.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder - Psych Central's Wiki 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC wiki.psychcentral.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Evidence suggest that environmental factors play a significant role in the development and course of Bipolar Disorder, and that individual psychosocial variables may interact with genetic dispositions.
[89] .^ Overall cases were more likely to carry two copies of the wild-type NQO1 allele compared with controls (odds ratio, 1.79; P = 0.002).
^ Examples of the types of labels which can be used in the present invention include inter alia, fluorochromes (like fluorescein, rhodamine, Texas Red, etc.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
.^ Obsessive-Compulsive disorder or phobia ?- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
^ These overlapping conditions can complicate diagnosis.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and the DXS7 locus.- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
.^ Drug abuse may itself be a symptom of bipolar disorder.- Bipolar Disorder | LIVESTRONG.COM 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.livestrong.com [Source type: General]
^ Psychotherapy may also be necessary to resolve substance abuse problems, common in older children with bipolar disorder.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
^ A family history of manic-depressive illness may make a doctor suspicious, but a diagnosis of bipolar disorder cannot be established until a manic or hypomanic episode has occurred.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Take a family member or friend along, if possible.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
^ Contact a family member or friend.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
^ With your permission, family members or close friends may be asked to provide information about your symptoms and possible episodes of mania or depression.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.cnn.com [Source type: General]
[90]
.^ Treatment guidelines for children and adolescents with bipolar disorder.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Children with bipolar disorder show a higher incidence of psychotic features than older adolescents or adults.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ There is increased psychopathology in children who have at least one biologic parent with bipolar I or bipolar II disorder.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Recently the DSM-IV has added criteria for other categories of bipolar disorder, including rapid cycling bipolar disorder.
^ There are some people who have one or more manic or mixed episodes in a very long time, and these people are categorized in Bipolar 1.
^ The usual pattern of bipolar disorder is one of increasing intensity and duration of symptoms that progresses slowly over many years.
[91] .^ However, other means to distinguish between the bipolar illness genotypes may be used, such as but not limited to, antigenicity, specificity, or activity of encoded proteins or fragments.- Susceptability and resistance genes for bipolar affective disorder - Patent 6897022 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
^ ADHD was more common in children and adolescents with childhood-onset mania than in patients with adolescent-onset mania.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ ADHD and bipolar disorder often cause inattention and distractibility, and the two disorders may be difficult to distinguish, particularly in children.
[92] .^ Many people live with bipolar disorder.
^ Living with bipolar disorder.
^ However, when it comes to bipolar disorder it is something that affects a child similarly, but they cannot help their mood swings.
[93]
.^ Changes in medication side effects .- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ Other side effects include: .- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Unfortunately, the medications do not cure bipolar disorder.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
[94] .^ There are some people who have one or more manic or mixed episodes in a very long time, and these people are categorized in Bipolar 1.
^ Baron-Cohen S, Jolliffe T. Another advanced test of theory of mind: evidence from very high functioning adults with autism or Asperger disorder.- My Aspergers Child: Aspergers: Behavioral Interventions 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.myaspergerschild.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Its very strange that there are 5 billion people in this world yet I cannot make contact with one single person today.
Management
.^ There are many approaches to treating this disorder.
^ There are lot of people who are using who are not getting treated for their bipolar disorder.
^ She found that 38% had been treated for bipolar disorder.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ As used herein, “family member” refers to an individual's consanguineous grandparent, parent, child, or sibling although a more distant blood-relative may be used.- Susceptability and resistance genes for bipolar affective disorder - Patent 6897022 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
^ July 2009 What if I told you that it may be possible to help your child's ADHD without using potentially risky drug therapy?- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ May 2009 Personality tests used by career counsellors aim at identifying the main drivers in the character of an individual, such us introversion or sensitivity, in order to recommend studies or occupations that match particular traits.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
.^ There are some people who have one or more manic or mixed episodes in a very long time, and these people are categorized in Bipolar 1.
^ It is very rarely used, and it is usually used when a person with bipolar disorder is placed in a mental hospital.
^ Many studies indicate that lithium works better for controlling manic states, and that lamotrigine works better for bipolar depression.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Bipolar depression does not typically last as long as major depression (although left untreated some bipolar disorder episodes can still last six to 12 months).
^ Although imperfect, it is also an effective long-term drug for many patients with other bipolar subtypes.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
[95] .^ Recommendations for supporting the patient include: .- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Support groups are an invaluable part of treatment.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ The past weeks of illness has made me so aware that the Mental Health System is completely inadequate to deal with immediate support for sufferers of Mental Illness.
These are sometimes referred to partial-inpatient programs.
[96]
Psychosocial
.^ They can help reduce symptoms and prevent relapse.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ A HAM-D score of 10 or below is regarded as remission of the depressive symptoms.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
^ Graham P. Cognitive behaviour therapy for children and families.- My Aspergers Child: Aspergers: Behavioral Interventions 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.myaspergerschild.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ West AE, Henry DB, Pavuluri MN. Maintenance model of integrated psychosocial treatment in pediatric bipolar disorder: A pilot feasibility study.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ These are especially common if high doses and a combination of medicines are needed during the acute phase of treatment.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ The only way bipolar patients can survive their depressed phases, oftentimes, is to unleash their despondency through some creative work.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
[98] .^ Here are some symptoms someone with mania may experience: Inability to sleep, and lack of need to sleep.
^ Some individuals internalize their reaction with self-blame and low self-esteem, whereas others externalize their reaction, becoming critical of others and developing an arrogant and intolerant personality.- My Aspergers Child: Aspergers: Behavioral Interventions 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.myaspergerschild.com [Source type: Academic]
^ The computer support market has rapidly developed and the need for cheaper, but equally efficient services has emerged.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
[99]
Medication
.^ Mood stabilizing drugs are the mainstay medications for bipolar disorder.
^ Like lithium treatment, these treatments are often used as mood stabilizers.
^ Lithium is the standard mood stabilizer.
[100][101] .^ The risk of suicide in patients with bipolar disorders.- Stigma & Mental Illness 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC www.priory.com [Source type: Academic]
^ In the June 2000 issue of Neurology, Thomas J. Guttoso Jr., MD, studied the effect of Neurontin on a handful of patients and found that the drug "reduced the frequency of hot flashes by about 87%" in the six patients he studied.
^ Symbyax was the first drug to be specifically approved for treatment of bipolar depression.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Some anticonvulsant drugs have been shown to prevent manic and depressive episodes from recurring.
^ Manic episodes last at least one week; major depressive episodes last at least two weeks.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ In many cases, these patients have also experienced one or more major depressive episodes.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
.^ The standard first-line mood stabilizers are lithium and valproate.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ The currently available standard mood stabilizers are lithium and valproate.
^ Like lithium treatment, these treatments are often used as mood stabilizers.
.^ Lamotrigine is an alternative treatment for rapid cycling.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Rapid cycling can occur with any type of bipolar disorder.
^ Read more from this blogger: Bipolar Disorder .
[104]
.^ Two types of medications are used for insomnia and agitation during a manic episode: .- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ Olanzapine was the first atypical antipsychotic approved for treatment of bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ "Use of atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of autistic disorder".- My Aspergers Child: Aspergers: Behavioral Interventions 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.myaspergerschild.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Lamotrigine (Lamictal) is approved for maintenance treatment of adults with bipolar I disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Read more from this blogger: Bipolar Disorder .
^ Olanzapine was the first atypical antipsychotic approved for treatment of bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
[105] .^ Kau, Chung How and Harzer, W and Miotti, F and Richmond, S (2004) Extractions as a form of interception in the developing dentition: a randomized controlled trial.
^ Smith LA, Cornelius V, Warnock A, Bell A, Young AH. Effectiveness of mood stabilizers and antipsychotics in the maintenance phase of bipolar disorder: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Price, Patricia Elaine and Chawla, M. and Laidler, P. and Goodwin, R. (2006) Imiquimod 5% cream monotherapy for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in situ (Bowen's disease): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.- Items where Year is 2006 -ORCA 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC orca.cardiff.ac.uk [Source type: Academic]
- Browse by Type -ORCA 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC orca.cardiff.ac.uk [Source type: Academic]
[106]
.^ Selecting a mood stabilizer for an acute manic episode .- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ Antidepressants are sometimes used for depressive episodes in bipolar disorder, but their use is controversial.
^ Therefore, an episode may be reported as a bipolar disorder with a single manic episode, with recurrent manic episodes, or by the mood state of the most recent episode (eg, depressed, mixed, hypomanic, manic).- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ The most important types of medication used to control the symptoms of bipolar disorder are mood stabilizers .- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ Olanzapine was approved in 2000 for acute manic episode and it may even be effective for depression, although large studies are needed to confirm use in this.
^ Therefore, an episode may be reported as a bipolar disorder with a single manic episode, with recurrent manic episodes, or by the mood state of the most recent episode (eg, depressed, mixed, hypomanic, manic).- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Lamotrigine is an alternative treatment for rapid cycling.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Effectiveness of adjunctive antidepressant treatment for bipolar depression.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Rapid cycling between manic and depressive poles has been treated with antidepressants, but experts now believe they should also be avoided or used with caution.
[107][108] .^ Bipolar disorder that does not meet one the above criteria is classified as Bipolar Disorder NOS. .
^ She found that 38% had been treated for bipolar disorder.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ They are also used to treat bipolar disorder alone or in combination with the mood stabilizers that treat mania.
[109] .^ Research indicates that consumption of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids found in oily fish, such as mackerel, sardines, salmon, and bluefish, may help reduce the symptoms of a variety of psychiatric illnesses, including bipolar disorder.
^ Some research indicates that consumption of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids found in oily fish (such as mackerel, sardines, salmon, and bluefish) may help reduce the symptoms of a variety of mental illnesses, including bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Between 1 - 2 million Americans may suffer from bipolar disorder.
[110]Clinical studies have shown that
.^ Omega-3 fatty Acids.
^ Montgomery P, Richardson AJ. Omega-3 fatty acids for bipolar disorder.
^ Between 1 - 2 million Americans may suffer from bipolar disorder.
[111]
.^ Other drugs that have mood stabilizing properties include some agents known as atypical antipsychotics (e.g., risperidone and olanzapine) and other anti-seizure agents (e.g., carbamazepine and topiramate.
^ Lithium Often referred to as a mood stabilizer, this treatment is often the gold standard for patients first diagnosed with bipolar disorder.
^ For people who have bipolar disorder, antidepressant drugs may cause hypomania or mania, therefore antidepressant drugs are often taken with a mood stabiliser such as lithium.
.^ She found that 38% had been treated for bipolar disorder.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Lithium has been used for years for bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ It is very rarely used, and it is usually used when a person with bipolar disorder is placed in a mental hospital.
.^ One such possible undesired, adverse or negative side effect is the formation of pores in the cell membrane of treated cells which ultimatively leads to apoptosis.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
^ Most pose some risk for extrapyramidal side effects (Parkinson's disease-like symptoms), but in general only in high doses and not to the extent of the older antipsychotics.
^ The effects of P2X7R inhibition on depressive-like behaviour was assessed 24 hours and 48 hours after infusion of siRNA, control or vehicle according to the standard test paradigm, the Porsolt's forced swim test (Porsolt et al., Arch.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
.^ Moreover, other genetic studies have found associations between PLA2G1B gene and bipolar affective disorder (Dawson et al., Psychiatr.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
^ Wilens et al (2008) implicated smoking as a potential causal element in patients with bipolar disorder.- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ For example, genetic mapping on an isolated population of the central valley of Costa Rica suggests a locus for severe bipolar disorder at chromosome 18q22-q23 (Freimer et al., Nature Genetics 12 (1996), 436-441).- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
2006 J Clin Psych; 6).
.^ Unfortunately, the medications do not cure bipolar disorder.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ It is important that patients discuss with their doctor any other medications they are taking.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
^ You can treat bipolar disorder by taking medications and by going to therapy.
.^ Since proper diagnosis is essential for effective treatment, see someone who is knowledgeable about manic depression.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ They may offer, for example, to change your work assignments or hours to help you during episodes or while you seek treatment for your condition.
^ Therefore, an episode may be reported as a bipolar disorder with a single manic episode, with recurrent manic episodes, or by the mood state of the most recent episode (eg, depressed, mixed, hypomanic, manic).- Bipolar Disorder: eMedicine Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
Either way,
relapse is likely to occur if the medicine is discontinued.
Prognosis
.^ Bipolar disorder treatment .
^ Many people live with bipolar disorder.
^ Description: An in-depth report on the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ This invention relates to the field of diagnosis and treatment of bipolar affective disorders.- Susceptability and resistance genes for bipolar affective disorder - Patent 6897022 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Bipolar disorder treatment .
^ Description: An in-depth report on the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Unfortunately, the medications do not cure bipolar disorder.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
^ Bipolar disorder medication .
^ As I got to know him, I realised his condition was a little more complicated than your garden variety anxiety: he is diagnosed with manic-depression, also known as bipolar disorder.
.^ Many people live with bipolar disorder.
^ There are many people living normal lives that have bipolar disorder .
^ Many new and promising treatments are being developed and with the right treatment most should be able to lead full and productive lives.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
Quite often, medication is needed to enable this.
.^ Between 1 - 2 million Americans may suffer from bipolar disorder.- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ It is very rarely used, and it is usually used when a person with bipolar disorder is placed in a mental hospital.
^ As in epilepsy, the more episodes a bipolar disorder patient experiences early in the course of the disease, the more frequent and severe later episodes will be.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC preventdisease.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
[112]
.^ There are so many factors to take into account depending on your skill level, preference, and even body type.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Please note, though, that it can be very difficult to perceive one's real situation, or judge how severe a disorder is, from within the throes of a manic or depressive state.- Is manic-depression a disease to be cured? - Straight Dope Message Board 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC boards.straightdope.com [Source type: Original source]
^ If overdose occurs, drugs should be stopped immediately and one or more of the following steps taken, depending on the severity: .- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Yet another theory posits that the benefits of ECT stem from its effects on dopamine levels.
^ Because lithium is eliminated from the body by the kidneys, any drugs or dietary factors that slow the kidneys' actions may increase lithium blood levels and should be used with great caution.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC preventdisease.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ It is notoriously hard to get manic-depressives to stay on their medication because when they feel good, they feel that they don't need the medicine.- Is manic-depression a disease to be cured? - Straight Dope Message Board 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC boards.straightdope.com [Source type: Original source]
.^ Being so aware is disturbing and energy draining.
^ But there are other effects as well.
^ Changes in mood, sleep, or energy .- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
.^ For some people finding the right one can be a bit tough because there are so many to choose from and many different types as well.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Diet change strategies: When You Crave A Good Feeling Some moods trigger food cravings -- and vice versa.
^ SAD (Seasonal Affective Disorder) Syndrome - some people have distinct mood swings at particular seasons of the year.
[113]
Functioning
.^ Synapsin II has been proposed as a candidate gene for vulnerability to schizophrenia on the basis of its function and its location in a region of the genome implicated by linkage studies in families with schizophrenia.
^ We recently reported positive association of synapsin II with schizophrenia in a case-control study (Chen et al.
^ In one study, patients who stopped taking it increased their risk of suicide in the first year 20 fold.
.^ During mania my mind is bursting with manic energy, today during the depression phase I suffer a lack of mind energy.
^ Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depression, is characterized by mood swings between periods of mania (i.e.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
^ In addition to mania and depression, there are persistent psychotic symptoms (hallucinations or delusions) during times when mood symptoms are under control.- support group depression and anxiety bipolar 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.andrews.edu [Source type: General]
.^ The differences between statistics in exon 13 (T3 less significant) can be explained by the involvement of more than one genotype of haplotypes in the disease.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
^ A bipolar disorder patient averages 8 to 10 manic or depressive episodes over a lifetime, but some people experience more and some fewer episodes.
^ However, bipolar II patients have a more chronic course, significantly more depressive episodes, and shorter periods of being well between episodes than patients with type I have.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Other studies demonstrate similarly improved patient outcomes associated with minimal delay between the onset of psychiatric symptoms and the inception of treatment (50,51).- Stigma & Mental Illness 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC www.priory.com [Source type: Academic]
^ However, any patient on antidepressants who develops symptoms of hypomania should stop taking these drugs, since hypomania is often a sign of impending mania.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ However, I still "function."- Is manic-depression a disease to be cured? - Straight Dope Message Board 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC boards.straightdope.com [Source type: Original source]
[114]
.^ Finally, gene profiling of freshly isolated MM patient cells validates our in vitro MM cell line data, confirming an in vivo relevance of these studies.
^ MCP-1 antigen levels increased approximately 100-fold in doxorubicin-treated H69 cells.
^ Alcohol dependence is a highly prevalent disorder that is associated with serious morbidity and mortality.
.^ The United States has been a frontrunner in this regard.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ It is very rarely used, and it is usually used when a person with bipolar disorder is placed in a mental hospital.
^ However, imaging tests do not currently play a role in diagnosing bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Mood changes of this nature are associated with distress and disruption, and a relatively high risk of suicide .- Bipolar disorder - Psych Central's Wiki 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC wiki.psychcentral.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Mixed episode: The depressed phases put the patient at risk for suicide.- Bipolar Affective Disorder: eMedicine Psychiatry 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC emedicine.medscape.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Suicide is a very real risk during both mania and depression.- Bipolar Disorder | LIVESTRONG.COM 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.livestrong.com [Source type: General]
[115]
Recovery
.^ Several studies have found no additional benefits from antidepressants.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Without ECT, those patients spent an average of almost half a year in the hospital, suffering at least three episodes annually.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC preventdisease.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Both diagnosis and treatment are difficult in such cases, since substance abuse is often a method of self-treatment, and withdrawal can produce symptoms of mania or severe depression.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC preventdisease.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ In our analyses, individuals having a psychiatric diagnosis other than BPI, as well as those having psychiatric symptoms but no diagnosis, were classified as “unknown category” for affected status.- Susceptability and resistance genes for bipolar affective disorder - Patent 6897022 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Many patients experience mixed mania, or a mixed state, in which both mania and depression coexist for at least 7 days.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
^ Mania is more likely to occur in the summer and depressive episodes from October through May (which is different from seasonal affective disorder, a depressive disorder that only occurs in darker months).
^ The doctor should take a careful and complete history of any and all episodes of depression, mania, or both.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
[116] .^ In addition to medical treatments, psychologic therapies and sleep management are also extremely critical components of bipolar disorder treatments to reduce bipolar disorder symptoms and to help the patient manage and even prevent relapse.
^ The usual pattern of bipolar disorder is one of increasing intensity and duration of symptoms that progresses slowly over many years.
^ The results of these tests may eventually help identify bipolar disorder and test the effectiveness of various treatments.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
[117]
Recurrence
The following behaviors can lead to depressive or manic recurrence:[citation needed]
.^ I've been under the care of a psychiatric adolescent ward for about 5 months now, this is one of the medications I have tried more recently.- Lexapro User Reviews at Drugs.com 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC www.drugs.com [Source type: General]
.^ There are people who take at least 900 mgs of lithium; however, you may end up taking lower doses so that you can get the stabilizer in your mood swings.
^ It may take several weeks for a mood stabilizer to take effect, and other drugs may be needed.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ They are also used to treat bipolar disorder alone or in combination with the mood stabilizers that treat mania.
.^ Many studies indicate that antidepressants may cause patients to “switch” to a manic state.
^ High doses may cause seizures.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC preventdisease.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Many patients, in fact, experience mixed mania, or a mixed state, in which both mania and depression occur.
Too much sleep can be an indicator that depression is returning.
.^ In 2000, the FDA approved it to treat bipolar mania and mixed states.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Many patients experience mixed mania, or a mixed state, in which both mania and depression coexist for at least 7 days.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Patients with mixed mania, and possibly when it is marked by irritability and paranoia, are also at particular risk.
.^ We suggest that hMLH1 and hMSH3 genes could be involved in lung tumorigenesis through dosage effect in cellular functions other than replication error correction.
^ MI for treatement, i'm in stress, depression and anger management.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ CBZ has similar effects as VPA. That is, CBZ is also an anticonvulsant that alleviates the symptoms of mania, and possibly depression.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
If unmedicated, excessive stress can cause the individual to relapse.
.^ In addition to medical treatments, psychologic therapies and sleep management are also extremely critical components of bipolar disorder treatments to reduce bipolar disorder symptoms and to help the patient manage and even prevent relapse.
^ ADHD and bipolar disorder often cause inattention and distractibility, and the two disorders may be difficult to distinguish, particularly in children.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC preventdisease.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Alternative Bipolar Medications Bipolar is considered as a major disorder that can greatly affect an individual and his family.
.^ There are some people who have one or more manic or mixed episodes in a very long time, and these people are categorized in Bipolar 1.
^ It is very rarely used, and it is usually used when a person with bipolar disorder is placed in a mental hospital.
^ People have been dealing with bipolar disease since the existence of man and there are many famous people who have suffered from bipolar disease, as well as many historic icons.
[118]
.^ A stress assessment based on our knowledge of Aspergers will help the clinician determine what are the natural and idiosyncratic stressors for the client [46].- My Aspergers Child: Aspergers: Behavioral Interventions 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.myaspergerschild.com [Source type: Academic]
[119] .^ Bipolar depression typically lasts 2 - 3 months -- not as long as in major depression (although left untreated some bipolar disorder episodes can last 6 - 12 months or longer).- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ A family history of manic-depressive illness may make a doctor suspicious, but a diagnosis of bipolar disorder cannot be established until a manic or hypomanic episode has occurred.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Bipolar II - the person has episodes of hypomania which generally do not disrupt normal activities.
.^ The Medical Services did not believe that depression, or attempted suicide was an illness and they certainly did not want to take time looking after such people.
^ Unfortunately, actions that support a bipolar disorder patient may not be intuitive, and they take their toll.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC preventdisease.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ They do take some planning to make sure that they go off without any glitches.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
[120]
Morbidity
According to an article in Psychiatric Times by McIntyre et al.,
-
- "Mortality studies have documented an increase in all-cause mortality in patients with BD (Bipolar Disorder). A newly established and rapidly growing database indicates that mortality due to chronic medical disorders (eg, cardiovascular disease) is the single largest cause of premature and excess deaths in BD. The standardized mortality ratio from suicide in BD is estimated to be approximately 18 to 25, further emphasizing the lethality of the disorder."[121]
.^ Never heard of a car with bipolar disorder.
^ People who have bipolar disorder are highly at risk for suicide.
^ Many people live with bipolar disorder.
.^ I have been diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder now for 6 years or so.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ As I got to know him, I realised his condition was a little more complicated than your garden variety anxiety: he is diagnosed with manic-depression, also known as bipolar disorder.
^ However, imaging tests do not currently play a role in diagnosing bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ There have been biographical studies of earlier generations of artists and writers which show that they have 18 times the rate of suicide (as compared to the general population), 8-10 times the rate of unipolar depression, and 10-20 times the rate of bipolar depression.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ The risk of serious skin reactions is 10 times higher for patients of Asian ancestry than Caucasians.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Though there are many promotional products available that starts with a price lower than 0.20 pounds to that cost more than 100 ...- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
[122]
.^ In 2000, the FDA approved it to treat bipolar mania and mixed states.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Mixed mania (also called mixed episodes or dysphoric mania) are manic episodes that also have a depressive component.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Benazzi F. Bipolar disorder -- focus on bipolar II disorder and mixed depression.
[123] .^ There have been biographical studies of earlier generations of artists and writers which show that they have 18 times the rate of suicide (as compared to the general population), 8-10 times the rate of unipolar depression, and 10-20 times the rate of bipolar depression.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ It is very rarely used, and it is usually used when a person with bipolar disorder is placed in a mental hospital.
^ In families where one person has manic depressive illness, there are often other family members who have episodes of depressive illness or hypomania.
.^ There is another form of bipolar disorder doctors call bipolar II disorder .
^ Depression is a part of bipolar and can be a huge part of bipolar.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Bipolar depressive episodes tend to develop more gradually than do those caused by major depression.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
Epidemiology
Disability-adjusted life year for bipolar disorder per 100,000 inhabitants in 2002.
no data less than 180 180–186 186–190 190–195 195–200 200–205 205–210 210–215 215–220 220–225 225–230 230–235
.^ Bipolar Disorder Type I. Bipolar disorder type I is characterized by at least one manic episode, with or without major depression.
^ A typical bipolar disorder patient averages 8 - 10 manic or depressive episodes over a lifetime.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ There are different types of bipolar disorders and that is bipolar type 1 and then bipolar type 2.
[124] .^ There are some people who have one or more manic or mixed episodes in a very long time, and these people are categorized in Bipolar 1.
^ As in epilepsy, the more episodes a bipolar disorder patient experiences early in the course of the disease, the more frequent and severe later episodes will be.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC preventdisease.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ The key factors that distinguish bipolar disorder from schizophrenia are the following: The presence of one or more manic or hypomanic episodes can often help distinguish bipolar disorder from schizophrenia.
.^ Some observations on having bipolar disorder.
^ Two are bipolar, and one is on the high-functioning end of the autistic spectrum.
^ Bipolar disorder that does not meet one the above criteria is classified as Bipolar Disorder NOS. .
[125] .^ Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of bipolar spectrum disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey replication.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Bipolar disorder is more prevalent than was previously thought, but this illness, particularly bipolar disorder II, is still poorly recognized in the family-practice setting.
^ Individuals with bipolar disorder have an average of 30% more of a vital class of signal-sending brain cells, according to new data.
[126] There are conceptual and methodological limitations and variations in the findings.
.^ Between 1 - 2 million Americans may suffer from bipolar disorder.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ No single cause may ever be found for bipolar disorder.- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC preventdisease.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ This does not point out that such products don't work, its just that "misdiagnosis" of the root cause may qualify us to certain solutions that were not ...- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
.^ In addition, the sensitivity of the computer search can be modified to determine whether any particular match is categorized as exact or similar.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
Concerns have arisen about the potential for both underdiagnosis and overdiagnosis.
[127]
.^ I have been diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder now for 6 years or so.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Lithium has been used for years for bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
^ As in epilepsy, the more episodes a bipolar disorder patient experiences early in the course of the disease, the more frequent and severe later episodes will be.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC preventdisease.com [Source type: Academic]
[128][129] .^ From the lungs the adolescent parasites ascend to the glottis, are swallowed, and reach the upper part of the small intestine where they develop into full grown adults.
^ We have generated mice heterozygous for a targeted inactivating allele of Lkb1 and found that they develop severe gastrointestinal polyposis.
^ Children who lose a parent early in life also appear to be more likely to develop bipolar disorder when they become adults.
.^ Bipolar disorder, also known as manic depression, is a psychopathology that affects approximately 1% of the population.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ As I got to know him, I realised his condition was a little more complicated than your garden variety anxiety: he is diagnosed with manic-depression, also known as bipolar disorder.
^ Neither the author nor the Publisher assumes any responsibility or liability whatsoever on the behalf of any purchaser or reader of these Bipolar disorder - Manic Depression materials.
Some researchers increasingly view them as part of an overlapping spectrum that also includes anxiety and psychosis.
.^ Bipolar disorder is a recurrent disease that can be unpredictable.
^ Affective disorders include among others, depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
^ There are different types of bipolar disorders and that is bipolar type 1 and then bipolar type 2.
.^ Other important forms of depression are premenstrual dysphoric disorder and seasonal affective disorder.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
^ This neurotransmitter probably plays an important role in bipolar disorder as well as other conditions for which ECT is sometimes recommended, including delusional depression.
^ Strongyloides stercoralis is the causative agent in many disorders including manic depression, and migraine headaches.
.^ Genetic causes, since many people with bipolar disorder have family members with a history of mental illness or bipolar disorder.
^ Bipolar disorder can also appear for the first time in people over the age of forty.
^ People who have bipolar disorder are highly at risk for suicide.
Children
.^ The American Psychiatric Association has a book known as the DSM-IV, short for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
^ Bipolar disorder is a recurrent disease that can be unpredictable.
^ According to researchers at Columbia University in New York, in their report, Lyme disease: a neuropsychiatric illness , they state that “A broad range of psychiatric reactions have been associated with Lyme disease including paranoia, dementia, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, panic attacks, major depression, anorexia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
.^ Many studies indicate that lithium works better for controlling manic states, and that lamotrigine works better for bipolar depression.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Behav Genet 1995, 25 : 537-544 THAPAR A, MCGUFFIN P. Anxiety and depressive symptoms in childhood -A genetic study of comorbidity.- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
^ Olanzapine was approved in 2000 for acute manic episode and it may even be effective for depression, although large studies are needed to confirm use in this.
.^ She found that 38% had been treated for bipolar disorder.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Smith, Daniel and Blackwood, D. H. and Muir, W. J. (2006) Neurocognitive impairment in euthymic young adults with bipolar spectrum disorder and recurrent major depressive disorder.- Items where Year is 2006 -ORCA 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC orca.cardiff.ac.uk [Source type: Academic]
^ Between 1 - 2 million Americans may suffer from bipolar disorder.
.^ She found that 38% had been treated for bipolar disorder.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Causes: No single cause may ever be found for bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
^ No single cause may ever be found for bipolar disorder.
.^ Affected-sib-pair analyses reveal support of prior evidence for a susceptibility locus for bipolar disorder, on 21q.- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
^ Fine mapping supports previous linkage evidence for a bipolar disorder susceptibility locus on 13q32.- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
^ In fact, a 2001 study suggests that children who experience major depression during childhood may be at significantly higher risk for developing bipolar disorder in adulthood.
.^ Bipolar disorder is something that can only be controlled.
^ The AACP also advises that there are currently no established criteria for diagnosing bipolar disorder in preschoolers.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Neither the author nor the Publisher assumes any responsibility or liability whatsoever on the behalf of any purchaser or reader of these Bipolar disorder - Manic Depression materials.
.^ There are different types of bipolar disorders and that is bipolar type 1 and then bipolar type 2.
^ Lithium has been used for years for bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
^ I started taking Depakote for bipolar disorder, and it might be working.
.^ A family study using DSM-III criteria.- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
^ Comments on a study about brain size and bipolar disorder.
^ Lithium has been used for years for bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder often show up in the same family.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Lithium has been used for years for bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ There have been biographical studies of earlier generations of artists and writers which show that they have 18 times the rate of suicide (as compared to the general population), 8-10 times the rate of unipolar depression, and 10-20 times the rate of bipolar depression.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
Many of these children required hospitalization due to the severity of their disorder
[141][142]
.^ Neither the author nor the Publisher assumes any responsibility or liability whatsoever on the behalf of any purchaser or reader of these Bipolar disorder - Manic Depression materials.
^ As in epilepsy, the more episodes a bipolar disorder patient experiences early in the course of the disease, the more frequent and severe later episodes will be.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC preventdisease.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Am J Psychiatry 1992, 149 : 1563-7 KUTCHER S, MARTON P. Affective disorders in first-degree relatives of adolscent onset bipolars, unipolars, and normal controls.- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
.^ Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ However, imaging tests do not currently play a role in diagnosing bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Am J Med Genet 1998, 81 : 282-9 KAY DWK, LEIGH D. The natural history, treatment and prognosis of anorexia nervosa based on a study of 38 patients.- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
This consensus of the scientific community is also seen in the appearance of practice parameters for the disorder from the
American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry[147]
.^ Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ She found that 38% had been treated for bipolar disorder.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ The number of children diagnosed with bipolar disorder has increased dramatically during the past decade.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ As I got to know him, I realised his condition was a little more complicated than your garden variety anxiety: he is diagnosed with manic-depression, also known as bipolar disorder.
^ Bipolar disorder is more prevalent than was previously thought, but this illness, particularly bipolar disorder II, is still poorly recognized in the family-practice setting.
^ If you have bipolar disorder, a doctor may have a better explanation than your friends and family.
The study calculated the number of psychiatric visits increased from 20,000 in 1994 to 800,000 in 2003, or 1% of the [population] under age 20.
[148]
The reasons for this increase in diagnosis are unclear.
.^ Moreover, also the embodiments relating to the uses of and methods for treating affective disorders described herein apply to the use of tenidap or a derivative thereof for treating affective disorders or the corresponding method of treatment, mutatis mutandis.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
^ If you object so strenuously to the "medicalization" of bipolar disorder and its treatment, then what do you suggest should be done about it?- Is manic-depression a disease to be cured? - Straight Dope Message Board 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC boards.straightdope.com [Source type: Original source]
^ The author recommends that as soon as the youngster or adult has the diagnosis of Aspergers, the clinician needs to carefully and authoritatively explain the nature of the disorder to their family, but the youngster also must receive a personal explanation.- My Aspergers Child: Aspergers: Behavioral Interventions 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.myaspergerschild.com [Source type: Academic]
That, in turn, should increase the rate of diagnosis.
.^ In addition, many children with bipolar disorder also have behavioral and developmental disorders.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ I stood shaking as the other children played.
^ Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
Another factor is that the "consensus" regarding the diagnosis in the pediatric age group seems to apply only to the USA. The British National Institute on Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines on bipolar disorder in 2006
[149] specifically described the broadened criteria used in the USA to diagnose bipolar disorder in children as suitable "only for research" and "were not convinced that evidence currently exists to support the everyday clinical use of (pediatric bipolar phenotype) diagnoses" which increase the "risk that medicines may be used to inappropriately treat a bipolar diathesis that does not exist."(p526). A 2002 German survey
[150] of 251 child and adolescent psychiatrists (average 15 years clinical experience) found only 8% had ever diagnosed a pre-pubertal case of bipolar disorder in their careers.
.^ Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with bipolar disorder.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ I have been diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder now for 6 years or so.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ In my clinical experience shoplifting is often associated with bipolar disorder.
.^ I have been diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder now for 6 years or so.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ As I got to know him, I realised his condition was a little more complicated than your garden variety anxiety: he is diagnosed with manic-depression, also known as bipolar disorder.
^ However, imaging tests do not currently play a role in diagnosing bipolar disorder.
.^ All atypical antipsychotics increase the risk for diabetes.- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Olanzapine was the first atypical antipsychotic approved for treatment of bipolar disorder.
^ An increased risk for diabetes.
[157] .^ It is very rarely used, and it is usually used when a person with bipolar disorder is placed in a mental hospital.
^ WHAT ARE ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY AND OTHER PROCEDURES FOR BIPOLAR DISORDER? .
^ While lithium treatment has proved to be a godsend for many of the 2 million Americans with bipolar disorder, it is not without its downside.
[164] .^ Parents should consider the potential risks and benefits of treatment for their children.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Genetic variation in COMT is associated with AD+P, and thus appears to contribute to psychosis risk across disorders.
^ In spite of the obvious need for professional help, access to medical therapies is not always available for patients with bipolar disorder.
[165]
Older age
.^ There are different types of bipolar disorders and that is bipolar type 1 and then bipolar type 2.
^ Am J Psychiatry 1992, 149 : 1563-7 KUTCHER S, MARTON P. Affective disorders in first-degree relatives of adolscent onset bipolars, unipolars, and normal controls.- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
^ Regardless of how you feel about Patrick Kennedy's politics, he has helped others with bipolar disorder with his candid admissions.
.^ As in epilepsy, the more episodes a bipolar disorder patient experiences early in the course of the disease, the more frequent and severe later episodes will be.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Depressive symptoms in those with bipolar disorder tend to vary.- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ A patient who doctors diagnose as having bipolar disorder typically describes experiencing full symptoms of depression during depressive episodes and full mania during manic episodes disorder.
.^ Although there are some characteristics that ...- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Bipolar depression typically lasts 2 - 3 months -- not as long as in major depression (although left untreated some bipolar disorder episodes can last 6 - 12 months or longer).- Alegent; Omaha - Bipolar disorder. Manic depression Highlights: Drug Approval In... 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.alegent.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC adam.about.com [Source type: Academic]
- Channel Management System- Washington, DC 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.georgetownuniversityhospital.org [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ And although there's been an official statement from Google that it's not an update but rather some slight changes the name remained i...- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
.^ July 2008 There are many like you for whom a mobile phone is more like a style statement that just a phoning device.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ They give comfort more preference than style and design; generally, wedding rings for men are simpler than women’s rings, though there are...- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ However, while there was an approximately equal distribution of subjects homozygous for each allele in the Caucasian population, subjects homozygous for the UGT2B7*1 allele were over 10-fold more prevalent than UGT2B7*2 homozygotes in Japanese.
[166]
History
.^ August 2009 Money is the support system of man since time immemorial.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Modulation of intracellular cyclic AMP levels by different human dopamine D4 receptor variants.- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
^ My point: With experience and time, the curve gets less extreme and your emotions more level.- Harnessing Entrepreneurial Manic-Depression: Making the Rollercoaster Work for You 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.fourhourworkweek.com [Source type: General]
.^ Depression has been something that in mythology was even affecting the Greek gods when it was known as melancholia, which meant black and bile.
^ I sat in the chair motionless and cried and cried, mania and depression had destroyed my mind and I could not communicate one word.
.^ Seizing or sequestering is easy to visualize once you understand that "chelation" is derived from the Greek root word "chele" which means "claw."
Within the humoral theories, mania was viewed as arising from an excess of
yellow bile, or a mixture of black and yellow bile. The
linguistic origins of mania, however, are not so clear-cut.
.^ It also means mental anguish and that is really how we got the words depressing and manic.
^ A perfect song touches your soul and relaxes your mind completely.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ I want to explain this place I am in, a place in my mind that I have never experienced before, but words don't describe, don't have meaning.
.^ November 2008 If like most of the other people you also give preference to driving then there are various things that you should take into consideration.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ I use this word, as there are no other words to describe the feelings and thoughts that I have experienced during the past weeks.
^ There are some people who give preference to companies with good reputation which provide good packages whereas there are many other people who pre...- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
Society and culture
Cultural references
.^ The connection between Semantic Pragmatic Disorder...- My Aspergers Child: Aspergers: Behavioral Interventions 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.myaspergerschild.com [Source type: Academic]
^ She is a psychologist who writes about her own manic depression and the relationship between manic depression and creativity.- Is manic-depression a disease to be cured? - Straight Dope Message Board 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC boards.straightdope.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Between 1 - 2 million Americans may suffer from bipolar disorder.
[169]
Several films portrayed characters with traits suggestive of the diagnosis which have been the subject of discussion by psychiatrists and film experts alike. The 1993 film
Mr. Jones is a notable example, with
Richard Gere playing a person who swings from a manic episode into a depressive phase and back again, spending time in a psychiatric hospital and displaying many of the features of the syndrome.
[170] .^ Careful however, as this supplement may interact with some of the more commonly prescribed mood stabilizers including Depakene.
^ On the plus side they have an increase in goal oriented activities but who knows how long that will last?- Is manic-depression a disease to be cured? - Straight Dope Message Board 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC boards.straightdope.com [Source type: Original source]
^ The symptoms are: inflated self-esteem or grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, more talkative than usual, flight of ideas or racing thoughts, distractibility, psychomotor agitation or an increase in goal-directed activity, excessive involvement in pleasurable activities that may have negative consequences.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
[171].^ Am J Psychiatry 1992, 149 : 1563-7 KUTCHER S, MARTON P. Affective disorders in first-degree relatives of adolscent onset bipolars, unipolars, and normal controls.- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
^ Regardless of how you feel about Patrick Kennedy's politics, he has helped others with bipolar disorder with his candid admissions.
^ I finally found a clue that might help me and others about the Bipolar Disorder Creative Genius.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ November 2008 It was about a year ago and we were going through our routine as normal at the fitness center.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ November 2008 In this fast-paced age of technology and information, taking the time to learn a musical instrument might seem next to impossible.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ April 2008 If you are interested in buying real estate in Costa Rica, there are several ways that you can go about doing so.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
.^ In families where one person has manic depressive illness, there are often other family members who have episodes of depressive illness or hypomania.
^ Genetic causes, since many people with bipolar disorder have family members with a history of mental illness or bipolar disorder.
^ Alternative Bipolar Medications Bipolar is considered as a major disorder that can greatly affect an individual and his family.
.^ Some observations on having bipolar disorder.
^ A sweet story, with a bipolar disorder twist.
^ I started taking Depakote for bipolar disorder, and it might be working.
.^ My illness of Manic Depression has taken over my mind it controls every thought every feeling.
^ In families where one person has manic depressive illness, there are often other family members who have episodes of depressive illness or hypomania.
^ Complaining about the "medicalization" of manic depression is no different from complaining about the "medicalization" of cancer.- Is manic-depression a disease to be cured? - Straight Dope Message Board 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC boards.straightdope.com [Source type: Original source]
He said that he left the sessions convinced he had the condition.
.^ Bipolar has stages, stages of manic and depression.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Unlike unipolar disorder, also known as major affective disorder or depression, bipolar disorder is characterized by vacillating between periods of elation (either mania or hypomania) and depression.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Many studies indicate that lithium works better for controlling manic states, and that lamotrigine works better for bipolar depression.
.^ I have been diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder now for 6 years or so.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ There are some people who have one or more manic or mixed episodes in a very long time, and these people are categorized in Bipolar 1.
^ As I got to know him, I realised his condition was a little more complicated than your garden variety anxiety: he is diagnosed with manic-depression, also known as bipolar disorder.
.^ As in epilepsy, the more episodes a bipolar disorder patient experiences early in the course of the disease, the more frequent and severe later episodes will be.- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Bipolar depression typically lasts 2 - 3 months -- not as long as in major depression (although left untreated some bipolar disorder episodes can last 6 - 12 months or longer).
^ Regardless of how you feel about Patrick Kennedy's politics, he has helped others with bipolar disorder with his candid admissions.
.^ Some studies have recently shown that inositol may acually help treat certain problems like bipolar disorder, depression, and panic disorder.
^ Until recently, lithium was the only drug approved for treating bipolar disorder in children (age 12 years and older).
^ Recently, a genome-wide search in a homogenous population found in the Saguenay/Lac-St-Jean region of Quebec suggests the presence of a major locus for bipolar disorder on chromosome 12q23-q24 (Morissette et al., Am.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patents 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.faqs.org [Source type: Reference]
[174]
.^ I have been diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder now for 6 years or so.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ As I got to know him, I realised his condition was a little more complicated than your garden variety anxiety: he is diagnosed with manic-depression, also known as bipolar disorder.
^ However, imaging tests do not currently play a role in diagnosing bipolar disorder.
.^ Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) may benefit adolescents with bipolar I disorder who suffer severe episodes of mania or depression and who have not been helped by medication.
^ As to whether someone should take medication for bipolar disorder, it is pretty much up to the individual unless the patient is involuntarily hospitalized and as a result must take medication.- Is manic-depression a disease to be cured? - Straight Dope Message Board 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC boards.straightdope.com [Source type: Original source]
^ I guess if you want to live as a suffering artist and your condition is mild, I suppose it's up to you to take your medication.- Is manic-depression a disease to be cured? - Straight Dope Message Board 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC boards.straightdope.com [Source type: Original source]
References
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- ^ ["http://people.howstuffworks.com/mad-genius3.htm" "Mad Genius"]. HowStuffWorks. "http://people.howstuffworks.com/mad-genius3.htm". Retrieved September 8, 2008.
- ^ Jamison, K R, Touched with Fire, Free Press, 1993, pp 83 ff.
- ^ Goodwin, F, and Jamison, K R, Manic-Depressive Illness, Oxford University Press, 1990, p 353
- ^ Santosa et al. Enhanced creativity in bipolar disorder patients: A controlled study. J Affect Disord. 2006 November 23; PMID 17126406.
- ^ Rihmer et al. Creativity and mental illness. Psychiatr Hung. 2006;21(4):288–94. PMID 17170470.
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- ^ Kieseppä T, Partonen T, Haukka J, Kaprio J, Lönnqvist J (October 2004). "High concordance of bipolar I disorder in a nationwide sample of twins". Am J Psychiatry 161 (10): 1814–21. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.10.1814. PMID 15465978.
- ^ a b Edvardsen J, Torgersen S, Røysamb E, Lygren S, Skre I, Onstad S, Oien PA. (2008) Heritability of bipolar spectrum disorders. Unity or heterogeneity? J Affect Disord. 2008 March;106(3):229–40. PMID 17692389
- ^ McGuffin, P; Rijsdijk, F; Andrew, M; Sham, P; Katz, R; Cardno, A (2003). "The Heritability of Bipolar Affective Disorder and the Genetic Relationship to Unipolar Depression". Archives of General Psychiatry 60 (5): 497–502. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.60.5.497. PMID 12742871. http://archpsyc.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/60/5/497.
- ^ Kato, T. (2007). "Molecular genetics of bipolar disorder and depression." Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 61(1): 3–19. PMID 17239033
- ^ Reich, T., P. J. Clayton and G. Winokur (1969). "Family history studies-V The genetics of Mania." American Journal of Psychiatry l25: l358–1369.
- ^ a b Margit Burmeister, Melvin G. McInnis, & Sebastian Zöllner Psychiatric genetics: progress amid controversy Nature Reviews Genetics 9, 527–540 (July 2008) | doi:10.1038/nrg2381
- ^ Barden N., Harvey M., Gagne B., Shink E., Tremblay M., Raymond C., Labbe M., Villeneuve A., Rochette D., Bordeleau L., Stadler H., Holsboer F., and Muller-Myhsok B. (2006). "Analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes in the chromosome 12Q24.31 region points to P2RX7 as a susceptibility gene to bipolar affective disorder." Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet.
- ^ Baum, A.E., et al. (2008). A genome-wide association study implicates diacylglycerol kinase eta (DGKH) and several other genes in the etiology of bipolar disorder Molecular Psychiatry, 13(2), 197–207. DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4002012
- ^ Burton, P.R., et al. (2007). Genome-wide association study of 14,000 cases of seven common diseases and 3,000 shared controls Nature, 447(7145), 661–678. DOI: 10.1038/nature05911
- ^ Sklar, P., J. W. Smoller, J. Fan, M. A. Ferreira, R. H. Perlis, K. Chambert et al. (2008). Whole-genome association study of bipolar disorder Molecular Psychiatry DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4002151
- ^ Ferreira, M., M. O’Donovan, Y. A. Meng, A. Jones I, D. M. Ruderfer1, L. Jones et al. (2008) Collaborative genome-wide association analysis supports a role for ANK3 and CACNA1C in bipolar disorder Nature Genetics 40, 1056–1058
- ^ Segurado R, Detera-Wadleigh SD, Levinson DF, Lewis CM, Gill M, Nurnberger JI Jr, Craddock N, et al. (2003) Genome Scan Meta-Analysis of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder, Part III: Bipolar Disorder. Am J Hum Genet. 73, 49–62. PMID 12802785
- ^ McQuillin, A., N. J. Bass, G. Kalsi, J. Lawrence, V. Puri, K. Choudhury, S. D. Detera-Wadleigh, D. Curtis and H. M. Gurling (2006). "Fine mapping of a susceptibility locus for bipolar and genetically related unipolar affective disorders, to a region containing the C21ORF29 and TRPM2 genes on chromosome 21q22.3." Mol Psychiatry 11(2): 134–142
- ^ Xu, C., F. Macciardi, P. P. Li, I. S. Yoon, R. G. Cooke, B. Hughes, S. V. Parikh, R. S. McIntyre, J. L. Kennedy and J. J. Warsh (2006). "Association of the putative susceptibility gene, transient receptor potential protein melastatin type 2, with bipolar disorder." Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 141(1): 36–43.
- ^ Barrett TB, Hauger RL, Kennedy JL, Sadovnick AD, Remick RA, Keck PE, McElroy SL, Alexander M, Shaw SH, Kelsoe JR. (May 2003). "Evidence that a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter of the G protein receptor kinase 3 gene is associated with bipolar disorder". Molecular Psychiatry 8 (5): 546–57. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001268. PMID 12808434. http://www.nature.com/mp/journal/v8/n5/abs/4001268a.html.
- ^ Zandi PP, Belmonte PL, Willour VL (July 2008). "Association study of Wnt signaling pathway genes in bipolar disorder". Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 65 (7): 785–93. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.65.7.785. PMID 18606951. http://archpsyc.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/65/7/785.
- ^ Emma Young (2006). "New gene linked to bipolar disorder". New Scientist. http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn8572&feedId=online-news_rss20. Retrieved 2006.
- ^ Frans, E., Sandin, S., Reichenberg, A., Lichtenstein, P., Langstrom, N., Hultman, C. (2008) Advancing Paternal Age and Bipolar Disorder Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2008;65(9):1034–1040.
- ^ a b Serretti A & Mandelli L. (2008) The genetics of bipolar disorder: genome 'hot regions,' genes, new potential candidates and future directions. Mol Psychiatry. 2008 August;13(8):742–71. PMID 18332878
- ^ a b David J. Miklowitz and Kiki D. Chan Prevention of Bipolar Disorder in At-Risk Children: Theoretical Assumptions and Empirical Foundations Dev Psychopathol. Dev Psychopathol. 2008; 20(3): 881–897. doi: 10.1017/S0954579408000424.
- ^ Ross RG (July 2006). "Psychotic and manic-like symptoms during stimulant treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder". Am J Psychiatry 163 (7): 1149–52. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.163.7.1149. PMID 16816217. http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/full/163/7/1149.
- ^ DelBello MP, Soutullo CA, Hendricks W, Niemeier RT, McElroy SL, Strakowski SM (April 2001). "Prior stimulant treatment in adolescents with bipolar disorder: association with age at onset". Bipolar Disord 3 (2): 53–7. doi:10.1034/j.1399-5618.2001.030201.x. PMID 11333062. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/resolve/openurl?genre=article&sid=nlm:pubmed&issn=1398-5647&date=2001&volume=3&issue=2&spage=53.
- ^ Soutullo CA, DelBello MP, Ochsner JE (August 2002). "Severity of bipolarity in hospitalized manic adolescents with history of stimulant or antidepressant treatment". J Affect Disord 70 (3): 323–7. doi:10.1016/S0165-0327(01)00336-6. PMID 12128245. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0165032701003366.
- ^ Alloy LB, Abramson LY, Urosevic S, Walshaw PD, Nusslock R, Neeren AM. (2005) The psychosocial context of bipolar disorder: environmental, cognitive, and developmental risk factors. Clin Psychol Rev. 2005 December;25(8):1043–75. PMID 16140445
- ^ Gabriele S Leverich a, Robert M Post Course of bipolar illness after history of childhood trauma The Lancet, Volume 367, Issue 9516, Pages 1040–1042, April 1, 2006 doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68450-XCite
- ^ Louisa D. Grandin, Lauren B. Alloy, Lyn Y. Abramson (2007) Childhood Stressful Life Events and Bipolar Spectrum Disorders Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 26 (4) pp460–478 doi: 10.1521/jscp.2007.26.4.460
- ^ Strakowski, S.M., DelBello, M.P, Sax, K.W. et al. (1999). "Brain magnetic resonance imaging of structural abnormalities in bipolar disorder," Archives of General Psychiatry, 56:254–60.
- ^ Prefrontal Cortex in Bipolar Disorder Neurotransmitter.net.
- ^ Kempton, M.J., Geddes, J.R, Ettinger, U. et al. (2008). "Meta-analysis, Database, and Meta-regression of 98 Structural Imaging Studies in Bipolar Disorder," Archives of General Psychiatry, 65:1017–1032 see also MRI database at www.bipolardatabase.org.
- ^ Link and reference involving kindling theory
- ^ Brian Koehler, Ph.D., The International Society for the Psychological Treatment Of Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses, Bipolar Disorder, Stress, and the HPA Axis, 2005.
- ^ Stork C, Renshaw PF (July 2005). "Mitochondrial dysfunction in bipolar disorder: evidence from magnetic resonance spectroscopy research". Molecular Psychiatry 10 (2): 900–919. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001711. PMID 13594184.
- ^ Malcomb R. Brown; Michael R. Basso (2004). Focus on Bipolar Disorder Research. Nova Science Publishers. pp. 16. ISBN 978-1594540592.
- ^ Lewy AJ, Nurnberger JI, Wehr TA (June 1985). "Supersensitivity to light: possible trait marker for manic-depressive illness". Am J Psychiatry 142 (6): 725–7. PMID 4003592. http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=4003592.
- ^ Whalley LJ, Perini T, Shering A, Bennie J (July 1991). "Melatonin response to bright light in recovered, drug-free, bipolar patients". Psychiatry Res 38 (1): 13–9. doi:10.1016/0165-1781(91)90048-T. PMID 1658841.
- ^ Castro LM, Gallant M, Niles LP (December 2005). "Novel targets for valproic acid: up-regulation of melatonin receptors and neurotrophic factors in C6 glioma cells". J. Neurochem. 95 (5): 1227–36. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03457.x. PMID 16313512.
- ^ Hallam KT, Olver JS, Norman TR (July 2005). "Effect of sodium valproate on nocturnal melatonin sensitivity to light in healthy volunteers". Neuropsychopharmacology 30 (7): 1400–4. doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1300739. PMID 15841104.
- ^ Hallam KT, Olver JS, Horgan JE, McGrath C, Norman TR (June 2005). "Low doses of lithium carbonate reduce melatonin light sensitivity in healthy volunteers". Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. 8 (2): 255–9. doi:10.1017/S1461145704004894. PMID 15850501.
- ^ Manic-depressive illness FK Goodwin, KR Jamison – 1990 – Oxford University Press New York
- ^ Pope HG (1983). "Distinguishing bipolar disorder from schizophrenia in clinical practice: guidelines and case reports". Hospital and Community Psychiatry 34: 322–28.
- ^ Goodwin & Jamison. pp. 108–110.
- ^ Akiskal HS, Yerevanian BI, Davis GC, King D, Lemmi H (February 1985). "The nosologic status of borderline personality: clinical and polysomnographic study". Am J Psychiatry 142 (2): 192–8. PMID 3970243. http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=3970243.
- ^ Gunderson JG, Elliott GR (1985). "The interface between borderline personality disorder and affective disorder". Am J Psychiatry 142 (3): 277–288. PMID 2857532.
- ^ McGlashan, TH (1983). "The borderline syndrome:Is it a variant of schizophrenia or affective disorder?". Arch Gen Psychiatry 40 (12): 1319–1323. PMID 6651467.
- ^ Pope HG Jr, Jonas JM, Hudson JI, Cohen BM, Gunderson JG (1983). "The validity of DSM-III borderline personality disorder: A phenomenologic, family history, treatment response, and long term follow up study". Arch Gen Psychiatry 40 (1): 23–30. PMID 6849616.
- ^ Psychiatric Times. Clinically Useful Psychiatric Scales: Bipolar Spectrum Diagnostic Scale, Accessed on March 9, 2009.
- ^ Ghaemi N. Sensitivity and specificity of a new bipolar spectrum diagnostic scale. J Affect Disord. 2005;84:273–277.
- ^ Akiskal HS, Benazzi F (May 2006). "The DSM-IV and ICD-10 categories of recurrent [major] depressive and bipolar II disorders: evidence that they lie on a dimensional spectrum". J Affect Disord. 92 (1): 45–54. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2005.12.035. PMID 16488021.
- ^ American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th, text revision (DSM-IV-TR) ed. 2000. ISBN 0-89042-025-4. Bipolar Disorder.
- ^ DSM-IV-TR. Bipolar I Disorder.
- ^ DSM-IV-TR. Diagnostic criteria for 296.89 Bipolar II Disorder.
- ^ DSM-IV-TR. Diagnostic criteria for 301.13 Cyclothimic Disorder.
- ^ DSM-IV-TR. Not Otherwise Specified (NOS).
- ^ DSM-IV-TR. Longitudinal course specifiers for mood disorders.
- ^ Kessler, RC; McGonagle, KA; Zhao, S; Nelson, CB; Hughes, M; Eshleman, S; Wittchen, HU; Kendler, KS (1994). "Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States". Archives of General Psychiatry 51 (1): 8–19. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.51.1.8 (inactive 2008-06-25). PMID 8279933. http://archpsyc.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/51/1/8.
- ^ Angst, J; Selloro, R (September 15, 2000). "Historical perspectives and natural history of bipolar disorder". Biological Psychiatry 48 (6): 445–457. doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(00)00909-4. PMID 11018218.
- ^ Mackin, P; Young, AH (2004). "Rapid cycling bipolar disorder: historical overview and focus on emerging treatments". Bipolar Disorders 6 (6): 523–529. doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2004.00156.x. PMID 15541068.
- ^ Papolos, DF; Veit, S; Faedda, GL; Saito, T; Lachman, HM (1998). "Ultra-ultra rapid cycling bipolar disorder is associated with the low activity catecholamine-O-methyltransferase allele". Molecular Psychiatry 3 (4): 346–349. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4000410. PMID 9702745. http://www.nature.com/mp/journal/v3/n4/abs/4000410a.html.
- ^ S. Nassir Ghaemi (2001). "Bipolar Disorder: How long does it usually take for someone to be diagnosed for bipolar disorder?". http://www.familyaware.org/expertprofiles/drghaemi4.asp. Retrieved February 20, 2007.
- ^ Roy H. Perlis (2005). "Misdiagnosis of Bipolar Disorder". American Journal of Managed Care. http://www.ajmc.com/Article.cfm?Menu=1&ID=2969. Retrieved February 20, 2007.
- ^ Hypomanic Check List Questionnaire (HCL-32)
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- ^ Now Approved: ZYPREXA for maintenance therapy for bipolar disorder. Official Zyprexa Website.
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- ^ Ösby, U; Brandt, L; Correia, N; Ekbom, A; Sparén, P (2001). "Excess Mortality in Bipolar and Unipolar Disorder in Sweden". Archives of General Psychiatry 58 (9): 844–850. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.58.9.844. PMID 11545667. http://archpsyc.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/58/9/844.
- ^ Tohen M, Zarate CA Jr, Hennen J, Khalsa HM, Strakowski SM, Gebre-Medhin P, Salvatore P, Baldessarini RJ. (2003) The McLean-Harvard First-Episode Mania Study: prediction of recovery and first recurrence Am J Psychiatry. 2003 December;160(12):2099-107.
- ^ Basco, Monica Ramirez, The Bipolar Workbook: Tools for Controlling Your Mood Swings, ISBN 1-59385-162-6, 2006. p2
- ^ Bipolar Disorder webpage from ADAM Illustrated Health Encyclopedia at About.com
- ^ Perry A, Tarrier N, Morriss R, McCarthy E, Limb K (January 1999). "Randomised controlled trial of efficacy of teaching patients with bipolar disorder to identify early symptoms of relapse and obtain treatment". BMJ 318 (7177): 149–53. PMID 9888904. PMC 27688. http://bmj.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9888904.
- ^ Kelly, M., Bipolar and the Art of Roller-coaster Riding, Two Trees Media 2000, 2005
- ^ Roger S. McIntyre, MD, Joanna K. Soczynska, and Jakub Konarski. "Bipolar Disorder: Defining Remission and Selecting Treatment". Psychiatric Times, October 2006, Vol. XXIII, No. 11. http://www.psychiatrictimes.com/article/showArticle.jhtml?articleId=193400986.
- ^ Leslie Citrome, MD, MPH; Joseph F. Goldberg, MD. "Bipolar disorder is a potentially fatal disease". http://www.postgradmed.com/issues/2005/02_05/comm_citrome.htm.
- ^ Psychopathologic Correlates of Suicidal Ideation in Major Depressive Outpatients: Is It All Due to Unrecognized (Bipolar) Depressive Mixed States?
- ^ Soldani, Federico; Sullivan, PF; Pedersen, NL (April 2005). "Mania in the Swedish Twin Registry: criterion validity and prevalence". Australian and New Zealand of Psychiatry 39 (4): 235–43. doi:10.1111/j.1440–1614.2005.01559.x (inactive 2009-11-14). PMID 15777359.
- ^ Judd, Lewis L.; Akiskal, HS (January 2003). "The prevalence and disability of bipolar spectrum disorders in the US population: re-analysis of the ECA database taking into account subthreshold cases". Journal of Affective Disorders 73 (1–2): 123–31. doi:10.1016/S0165-0327(02)00332-4. PMID 12507745. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0165032702003324.
- ^ Merikangas KR, Akiskal HS, Angst J, Greenberg PE, Hirschfeld RM, Petukhova M, Kessler RC. (2007) Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of bipolar spectrum disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey replication Arch Gen Psychiatry. May;64(5):543–52.
- ^ Phelps, J. (2006) Bipolar Disorder: Particle or Wave? DSM Categories or Spectrum Dimensions? Psychiatric Times
- ^ Christie KA, Burke JD Jr, Regier DA, Rae DS, Boyd JH, Locke BZ (1988). (abstract) "Epidemiologic evidence for early onset of mental disorders and higher risk of drug abuse in young adults". Am J Psychiatry 145 (8): 971–975. PMID 3394882. http://www.ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/abstract/145/8/971 (abstract). Retrieved July 1, 2007.
- ^ Goodwin & Jamison. p. 121.
- ^ American Psychiatric Association (2000) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Fourth Edition Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR). 1–943
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- ^ Kraepelin (1921) Manic-Depressive Insanity and Paranoia.
- ^ Loranger and Levine (1978) Age at onset of bipolar affective illness. Archives of General Psychiatry. 35 1345–1348
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- ^ Hudziak, Althoff, Rettew, Derks and Faraone (2005) The prevalence and genetic architecture of CBCL-juvenile bipolar disorder. Biological Psychiatry. 58 562–8
- ^ Lewinsohn, Klein and Seeley (1995) Bipolar disorders in a community sample of older adolescents: Prevalence, phenomenology, comorbidity, and course. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 34 454–463
- ^ Weller, Weller, Tucker and Fristad (1986) Mania in prepubertal children: Has it been underdiagnosed? Journal of Affective Disorders. 11 151–154
- ^ a b c Wozniak, Biederman, Kiely, Ablon, Faraone, Mundy and Mennin (1995) Mania-like symptoms suggestive of childhood onset bipolar disorder in clinically referred children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 34 867–876
- ^ a b c Wozniak, Biederman, Mundy, Mennin and Faraone (1995) A pilot family study of childhood-onset mania. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 34 1577–1583
- ^ Carlson, Bromet, Driessens, Mojtabai and Schwartz (2002) Age at onset, childhood psychopathology, and two-year outcome in psychotic bipolar disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 159 307–9.
- ^ Meyer, Carlson, Wiggs, Martinez, Ronsaville, Klimes-Dougan, Gold and Radke-Yarrow (2004) A prospective study of the association among impaired executive functioning, childhood attentional problems, and the development of bipolar disorder. Dev Psychopathol. 16 461–76
- ^ Biederman (2003) Pediatric bipolar disorder coming of age. Biological Psychiatry. 53 931–934
- ^ Biederman, Mick, Faraone, Spencer, Wilens and Wozniak (2003) Current concepts in the validity, diagnosis and treatment of paedatric bipolar disorder. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology. 6 293–300
- ^ Geller and Luby (1997) Child and adolescent bipolar disorder: A review of the past 10 years. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 36 1168–1176
- ^ Geller and Tillman (2005) Prepubertal and early adolescent bipolar I disorder: review of diagnostic validation by Robins and Guze criteria. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 66 Suppl 7 21–28
- ^ (2007) Practice Parameter for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Bipolar Disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 46 107–125
- ^ Moreno C, Laje G, Blanco C, Jiang H, Schmidt AB, Olfson M. (September 2007) "National trends in the outpatient diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder in youth," Archives of General Psychiatry. 64(9):1032–9. PMID 17768268
- ^ National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence (2006). National clinical pratice guidelines number 38: Bipolar disorder: the management of bipolar disorder in adults, children and adolescents in primary and secondary care. London: National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health.
- ^ Meyer TD, Koßmann-Böhm S, Schlottke PF. Do child psychiatrists in Germany diagnose bipolar disorders in children and adolescents? Result from a survey. Bipolar Disorders, 2004; 6: 426 – 431
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- ^ Carlson G, Meyer S. Phenomenology and diagnosis of bipolar disorder in children, adolescents, and adults: Complexities and developmental issues Development and Psychopathology 2006; 18:939–969
- ^ Harris J. Child & adolescent psychiatry: the increased diagnosis of “juvenile bipolar disorder”: what are we treating? Psychiatr Serv 2005; 56: 529 – 531
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- ^ Bipolar Children: Cutting-edge controversy, insights and research. Childhood in America series. editor Sharna Olfman. 2007. Praeger press. Westport CT. http://www.amazon.com/Bipolar-Children-Cutting-Edge-Controversy-Childhood/dp/0275997308/ref=sr_1_11?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1245833103&sr=8-11
- ^ USATODAY.com – New antipsychotic drugs carry risks for children
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- ^ a b Wozniak, Biederman, Kiely, Ablon and Faraone (1993) Prepubertal mania revisited. Scientific Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
- ^ http://hbcg.vivadnn.com/Articles-Interviews/Bipolar-Phases.aspx Bipolar Phases in Children
- ^ Goldstein, Birmaher, Axelson, Ryan, Strober, Gill, Valeri, Chiappetta, Leonard, Hunt, Bridge, Brent and Keller (2005) History of suicide attempts in pediatric bipolar disorder: factors associated with increased risk. Bipolar Disord. 7 525–35
- ^ Depp CA, Jeste DV. (2004) Bipolar disorder in older adults: a critical review Bipolar Disord. 2004 October;6(5):343–67.
- ^ Liddell, Henry George and Robert Scott (1980). A Greek-English Lexicon (Abridged Edition). United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-910207-4.
- ^ Jamison, Kay Redfield (1995). An Unquiet Mind: A Memoir of Moods and Madness. .^ New York: Knopf.
- Bipolar disorder - Psych Central's Wiki 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC wiki.psychcentral.com [Source type: Academic]
. ISBN 0-330-34651-2.
- ^ Jamison, Kay Redfield (1996). Touched With Fire: Manic-Depressive Illness and the Artistic Temperament. New York: The Free Press: Macmillian, Inc.. ISBN 0-684-83183-X.
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- ^ "The Secret Life of the Manic Depressive". BBC. 2006. http://www.bbc.co.uk/health/tv_and_radio/secretlife_index.shtml. Retrieved February 20, 2007.
- ^ "Child and Adolescent Bipolar Foundation special 90210 website". CABF. 2009. http://www.bpkids.org/90210. Retrieved April 7, 2009.
- ^ "EastEnders' Stacey faces bipolar disorder". BBC Press Office. May 14, 2009. http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2009/05_may/14/stacey.shtml. Retrieved May 28, 2009.
Cited texts
- Goodwin FK, Jamison KR (1990). .^ My illness of Manic Depression has taken over my mind it controls every thought every feeling.
^ In families where one person has manic depressive illness, there are often other family members who have episodes of depressive illness or hypomania.
^ Manic depressive illness and tyrosine hydroxylase gene : linkage heterogeneity and association.- http://ist.inserm.fr/basisrapports/troubles_mentaux/chap4.htm 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC ist.inserm.fr [Source type: Academic]
.^ Transfection of the cells is performed using standard cell transfection methods, see for example, Joyner, “Gene Targeting: A Practical Approach”, Oxford University Press, New York, 1993.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Oxford University Press, Oxford.- Items where Year is 2006 -ORCA 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC orca.cardiff.ac.uk [Source type: Academic]
^ New York: Plenum Press; 1998;p.- My Aspergers Child: Aspergers: Behavioral Interventions 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.myaspergerschild.com [Source type: Academic]
ISBN 0-19-503934-3.
- Goodwin FK, Jamison KR (2007). .^ My illness of Manic Depression has taken over my mind it controls every thought every feeling.
^ Many studies indicate that lithium works better for controlling manic states, and that lamotrigine works better for bipolar depression.
^ In families where one person has manic depressive illness, there are often other family members who have episodes of depressive illness or hypomania.
.^ Transfection of the cells is performed using standard cell transfection methods, see for example, Joyner, “Gene Targeting: A Practical Approach”, Oxford University Press, New York, 1993.- MEANS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING AFFECTIVE DISORDERS - Patent Application 20080057504 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.freepatentsonline.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Oxford University Press, Oxford.- Items where Year is 2006 -ORCA 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC orca.cardiff.ac.uk [Source type: Academic]
^ New York: Plenum Press; 1998;p.- My Aspergers Child: Aspergers: Behavioral Interventions 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.myaspergerschild.com [Source type: Academic]
ISBN 0-19-513579-2.
Further reading
Other contemporary first-person accounts on this subject include
- Simon, Lizzie. .^ Detour: My Bipolar Road Trip in 4-D .
- Bipolar disorder - Psychology Wiki 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC psychology.wikia.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder - Psych Central's Wiki 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC wiki.psychcentral.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Detour: My Bipolar Road Trip in 4 D - Lizzie Simon Paperback, Washington Square Press, 2003, 224 pages.- Books about Bipolar Disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.bpso.org [Source type: General]
^ Detour: My Bipolar Road Trip in 4-D by Lizzie Simon .- Bipolar disorder - Depression Wiki 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC depression.wikia.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Peter Kramer M.D. (Simon and Schuster, New York 2002) 2003 reprint: ISBN 0743446607 Electroboy: A Memoir of Mania by Andy Behrman .- Bipolar disorder - Depression Wiki 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC depression.wikia.com [Source type: Academic]
^ New York: Simon & Schuster, 1981 Endler, Norman.- Manic Depression: An Overview 9 February 2010 15:12 UTC www.nyu.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996.- www.patientcenters.com -- Bipolar Disorders Center -- Resources 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.patientcenters.com [Source type: News]
.
- Behrman, Andy.^ ISBN 0-7434-4659-3 .
- Bipolar disorder - Psych Central's Wiki 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC wiki.psychcentral.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Peter Kramer M.D. (Simon and Schuster, New York 2002) 2003 reprint: ISBN 0743446607 Electroboy: A Memoir of Mania by Andy Behrman .- Bipolar disorder - Depression Wiki 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC depression.wikia.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ Electroboy: A Memoir of Mania .- Bipolar disorder - Psychology Wiki 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC psychology.wikia.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder - Psych Central's Wiki 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC wiki.psychcentral.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Peter Kramer M.D. (Simon and Schuster, New York 2002) 2003 reprint: ISBN 0743446607 Electroboy: A Memoir of Mania by Andy Behrman .- Bipolar disorder - Depression Wiki 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC depression.wikia.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Electroboy : A Memoir of Mania .- Bipolar Disorder 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC talentdevelop.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.
- Lovelace, David.^ The New York Regional Mormon Singles Halloween Dance Larry David on Happiness — and Sex Would You Read Jenny Sanford's Book?
- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Clapham, David Frederick (2002) Housing Pathways - A Post Modern Analytical Framework.
^ New York: Viking; 2002;.- My Aspergers Child: Aspergers: Behavioral Interventions 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.myaspergerschild.com [Source type: Academic]
.^ I have also lost my family due to being bipolar.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Hello, I have been reading all of comments from my Bipolar family.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Hey there, many members of my family have been diagnosed with bipolar disorder, including myself, and I aint ashamed.
New York: Dutton Adult, 2008. ISBN 0-525-95078-8.
To find out more about how to deal with bipolar first-hand or how friends and family can deal with it, see:
- Berk, Lesley (March 5, 2009). Living with Bipolar. Vermilion. ISBN 9780091924256.
For readings regarding bipolar disorder in children, see:
- Raeburn, Paul. .
- Earley, Pete.^ Depressive Disorder Thoughts on Bipolar Disorder My view is that bipolar disorder is a form of diabetes of the brain.
^ In both cases of bipolar disorder, people have severe depressions that are usually recurrent.- Families for Depression Awareness 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.familyaware.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Bipolar disorder is an illness that causes extreme mood changes from manic episodes of very high energy to the extreme lows of depression .- Health Information 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.coxhealth.com [Source type: General]
Crazy. .^ New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.- Bipolar disorder - Psychology Wiki 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC psychology.wikia.com [Source type: Academic]
- Bipolar disorder - Psych Central's Wiki 16 October 2009 3:34 UTC wiki.psychcentral.com [Source type: Academic]
^ October 2006 The tasty food and the inviting aroma of the delicacies are a sure shot that can be found in the best steakhouse in New York.- Submit articles or find free articles 22 September 2009 12:20 UTC www.articlealley.com [Source type: Original source]
^ New York: Putnam Publishing Group, 1998.- www.patientcenters.com -- Bipolar Disorders Center -- Resources 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC www.patientcenters.com [Source type: News]
ISBN 0-399-15313-6. A father's account of his son's bipolar disorder.
Classic works on this subject include
- Kraepelin, Emil. .
- Mind Over Mood: Cognitive Treatment Therapy Manual for Clients by Christine Padesky, Dennis Greenberger.^ My illness of Manic Depression has taken over my mind it controls every thought every feeling.
^ Many studies indicate that lithium works better for controlling manic states, and that lamotrigine works better for bipolar depression.- Bipolar disorder 19 January 2010 8:48 UTC www.fitsugar.com [Source type: Academic]
^ Most recently in a manic episode with at least one previous major depressive episode, manic episode, or mixed episode 4.- Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius | Serendip's Exchange 9 February 2010 13:013 UTC serendip.brynmawr.edu [Source type: Original source]
ISBN 0-89862-128-3
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