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Republic of Botswana
Lefatshe la Botswana
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: Pula (Rain)
Anthem: Fatshe leno la rona (This Land of Ours)
Capital
(and largest city)		 Gaborone
25°40′S 25°55′E / 25.667°S 25.917°E / -25.667; 25.917
Official language(s) English, Tswana (national)
Demonym Batswana
Government Parliamentary republic
 -  President Ian Khama
Independence from the United Kingdom 
 -  Date 30 September 1966 
Area
 -  Total 581,730 km2 (47th)
224,610 sq mi 
 -  Water (%) 2.6
Population
 -  2009 estimate 1,990,876[1] (146th)
 -  2001 census 1,680,863 
 -  Density 3.4/km2 (229th)
8.9/sq mi
GDP (PPP) 2008 estimate
 -  Total $26.563 billion[2] (107th)
 -  Per capita $14,906[2] (61st)
GDP (nominal) 2008 estimate
 -  Total $13.461 billion[2] (112nd)
 -  Per capita $7,554[2] (67th)
Gini (2007/08) 60.5 (high) 
HDI (2009) ▲ 0.694 (medium) (125th)
Currency Pula (BWP)
Time zone Central Africa Time (UTC+02)
 -  Summer (DST) not observed (UTC)
Drives on the left
Internet TLD .bw
Calling code +267
.The Republic of Botswana (Tswana: Lefatshe la Botswana) is a landlocked country in Southern Africa.^ Botswana's own herd is estimated at 80,000 and our efforts, together with a group of five countries in Southern Africa, to have some utilization schemes developed have been strongly resisted by the international community.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Visited Countries: South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Zambia, Malawi, Tanzania, Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda .

 ^ Visited Countries: South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Zambia, Malawi, Tanzania .

 Citizens of Botswana are called "Batswana" (singular: Motswana), regardless of ethnicity. .Formerly the British protectorate of Bechuanaland, Botswana adopted its new name after becoming independent within the Commonwealth on 30 September 1966. It has held free and fair democratic elections since independence.^ Since Rio, the Government has adopted a structured approach to decentralize the management of natural resources to the people of Botswana and the private sector.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ In 2004 the Botswana Democratic Party (BDP), led by President Festus G. Mogae, returned to power in elections generally deemed free and fair.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Botswana, with a population of 1.76 million, has been a multiparty democracy since its independence in 1966.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
.Geographically the country is flat and up to 70% of Botswana is covered by the Kalahari Desert.^ Government-owned Radio Botswana and Radio Botswana 2 covered most of the country.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]

 .It is bordered by South Africa to the south and southeast, Namibia to the west and north, and Zimbabwe to the northeast.^ Botswana has also established bilateral agreements with South Africa and Namibia, and a trilateral agreement with Angola and Namibia.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ A similar development is proposed along the Limpopo Valley between Botswana, South Africa, and Zimbabwe.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 It meets Zambia at a single point.
Botswana is a regional leader in economic freedom. Competitiveness and flexibility are promoted by a sensible business regulatory environment, openness to foreign investment and trade, and relatively flexible employment regulations. .The financial sector remains relatively well developed, with an independent central bank and little government intervention.^ Overall planning for fresh water development remains the prerogative of the Government.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 The independent judiciary provides strong protection of property rights. .Botswana was one of the most impoverished countries in Africa when it became independent in 1966. Today, it is home to a relatively stable political system and a rapidly developing market economy.^ Botswana's own herd is estimated at 80,000 and our efforts, together with a group of five countries in Southern Africa, to have some utilization schemes developed have been strongly resisted by the international community.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Botswana, with a population of 1.76 million, has been a multiparty democracy since its independence in 1966.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]

 ^ The Ministry of Labor and Home Affairs was responsible for enforcing the minimum wage, and each of the country's districts had at least one labor inspector.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]

 .Being closely tied with the economy of South Africa, the country's economy is one of the most successful in Africa and is dominated by the fast-growing service sector, world-renowned diamond industry, tourism, and manufacturing.^ Rangeland resources, which cover more than 60% of the country and are the basis for the cattle industry, are the most affected by degradation albeit to varying degrees according to location.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ There were unconfirmed reports that women and children from eastern Africa were trafficked through the country to South Africa.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]

 .Botswana's economic growth rate has outpaced the economic growth of even the Asian Tigers, and the World Bank cites Botswana as one of the world's great development success stories.^ Botswana Yields New Number One Cape Eland Mochaba Developments In Maun; .

 [3]
Total government expenditures, including consumption and transfer payments, are moderate. .In the most recent year, government spending equaled 33.1 percent of GDP. Parliament began a review of the draft National Development Plan in 2009. Botswana’s tax rates remain among the lowest in Southern Africa.^ Below are the most recent Subscriber-written reports available on Botswana hunting .

 ^ According to the most recent government statistics, approximately 88 percent of children attended school, and approximately 30 percent of children completed secondary school.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Purchase the MOST RECENT 75 of 99 reports displayed on Botswana Hunting for only $9.99 .

 Both the top income tax rate and the top corporate tax rate are 25 percent. Other taxes include a value-added tax (VAT), a property tax, and an inheritance tax. .In the most recent year, overall tax revenue as a percentage of GDP was 36.6 percent.^ According to the most recent government statistics, approximately 88 percent of children attended school, and approximately 30 percent of children completed secondary school.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]

Contents

History

Main article: History of Botswana
A traditional dwelling.
In the 19th century, hostilities broke out between Tswana inhabitants of Botswana and Ndebele tribes who were making incursions into the territory from the north-east. Tensions also escalated with the Boer settlers from the Transvaal to the east. .After appeals by the Batswana leaders Khama III, Bathoen and Sebele for assistance, the British Government put "Bechuanaland" under its protection on 31 March 1885. The northern territory remained under direct administration as the Bechuanaland Protectorate and is modern-day Botswana, while the southern territory became part of the Cape Colony and is now part of the northwest province of South Africa.^ The Botswana Police Service (BPS), under the Ministry for Presidential Affairs and Public Administration, has primary responsibility for internal security.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]

 ^ During the year the government also provided temporary protection to approximately 470 individuals who did not qualify as refugees under the 1951 convention and the 1967 protocol.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Place of Hunting: Botswana and Republic of South Africa .

 The majority of Setswana-speaking people today live in South Africa.
.When the Union of South Africa was formed in 1910 out of the main British colonies in the region, the Bechuanaland Protectorate, Basutoland (now Lesotho) and Swaziland (the "High Commission Territories") were not included, but provision was made for their later incorporation.^ Recent plans to merge Botswana's Gemsbok National Park with South Africa's Kalahari Gemsbok National Park to form a trans-frontier park are in progress and a draft management plan has been prepared.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 However, a vague undertaking was given to consult their inhabitants, and although successive South African governments sought to have the territories transferred, Britain kept delaying; consequently, it never occurred. The election of the Nationalist government in 1948, which instituted apartheid, and South Africa's withdrawal from the Commonwealth in 1961, ended any prospect of incorporation of the territories into South Africa.
.An expansion of British central authority and the evolution of tribal government resulted in the 1920 establishment of two advisory councils to represent both Africans and Europeans.^ Oversight of child labor issues was facilitated through the Advisory Committee on Child Labor, which included representatives of various NGOs, government agencies, workers' federations, and employers' organizations.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Soon after independence, the authority to allocate tribal land was shifted from chiefs to Tribal Land Boards which were established by an Act of Parliament, but the management of the resources remains the responsibility of the users and their communities.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 Proclamations in 1934 regularized tribal rule and powers. A European-African advisory council was formed in 1951, and the 1961 constitution established a consultative legislative council.
.In June 1964, Britain accepted proposals for a democratic self-government in Botswana.^ The Government of Botswana did accept the recommendations of the review report, and is supporting sustainable alternatives such as the conjunctive use of ground water and surface water.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 .The seat of government was moved in 1965 from Mafikeng in South Africa, to the newly established Gaborone, which sits near its border.^ Botswana has also established bilateral agreements with South Africa and Namibia, and a trilateral agreement with Angola and Namibia.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 .The 1965 constitution led to the first general elections and to independence on 30 September 1966. Seretse Khama, a leader in the independence movement and the legitimate claimant to the Ngwato chiefship, was elected as the first president, re-elected twice.^ In 2004 the Botswana Democratic Party (BDP), led by President Festus G. Mogae, returned to power in elections generally deemed free and fair.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
.The presidency passed to the sitting vice president, Quett Masire, who was elected in his own right in 1984 and re-elected in 1989 and 1994. Masire retired from office in 1998. The presidency passed to the sitting vice president, Festus Mogae, who was elected in his own right in 1999 and re-elected in 2004. The presidency passed in 2008 to Ian Khama (son of the first president), who resigned his position as leader of the Botswana Defence Force to take up this civilian role.^ In 2004 the Botswana Democratic Party (BDP), led by President Festus G. Mogae, returned to power in elections generally deemed free and fair.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]

 ^ The BDP, led by President Mogae, won 44 of 57 competitive seats; the Botswana National Front won 12; and the Botswana Congress Party won one.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Public sector employees, who were extended the right to organize in 2004, were still in the process of establishing unions.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]

Politics and government

Main article: Politics of Botswana
See also: Foreign relations of Botswana
.The politics of Botswana take place in a framework of a representative democratic republic, whereby the President of Botswana is both head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system.^ This information was provided by the Government of the Republic of Botswana to the 5th Session of the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ The BDP, led by President Mogae, won 44 of 57 competitive seats; the Botswana National Front won 12; and the Botswana Congress Party won one.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]

 ^ State-owned media generally featured uncritical reporting on the government and were susceptible to political interference.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]

 Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Parliament of Botswana. Botswana is the only mainland nation in Africa to have maintained free and fair elections since its independence; the most recent election, its tenth, was held on October 16, 2009.
.Since independence was declared, the party system has been dominated by the Botswana Democratic Party.^ In 2004 the Botswana Democratic Party (BDP), led by President Festus G. Mogae, returned to power in elections generally deemed free and fair.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Botswana, with a population of 1.76 million, has been a multiparty democracy since its independence in 1966.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]

 The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. .According to Transparency International, Botswana is the least corrupt country in Africa and ranks similarly close to Portugal and South Korea.^ Botswana's own herd is estimated at 80,000 and our efforts, together with a group of five countries in Southern Africa, to have some utilization schemes developed have been strongly resisted by the international community.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ There were unconfirmed reports that women and children from eastern Africa were trafficked through the country to South Africa.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]

 ^ A corruption perception survey conducted in July 2005 in the business sector found that 74 percent of respondents believed that corruption was increasing in the country, though Transparency International's 2006 surveys and rankings indicated that corruption levels are still perceived as relatively low.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]

 [4] The national anthem is Fatshe leno la rona.

Administrative divisions

Districts of Botswana
Main articles: Districts of Botswana and Sub-districts of Botswana
Botswana is divided into 10 districts
  1. Central District
  2. Ghanzi District
  3. Kgalagadi District
  4. Kgatleng District
  5. Kweneng District
  6. North-East District
  7. North-West District
  8. South-East District
  9. Southern District
  10. Chobe District (Separated from North-West District)

Geography and environment

Map of Botswana
A lechwe in Okavango Delta
Main article: Geography of Botswana
At 600,370 km², (231,788 mi²) Botswana is the world's 47th-largest country (after Ukraine). It is comparable in size to Madagascar, and is slightly smaller than the U.S. state of Texas or the Canadian province of Manitoba. It is predominantly flat, tending toward gently rolling tableland. .Botswana is dominated by the Kalahari Desert, which covers up to 70% of its land surface.^ Protected areas in Botswana cover 18% of the land area, while an additional 22% of the land is designated as wildlife management areas (WMAs).
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 The Okavango Delta, the world's largest inland delta, is in the northwest. The Makgadikgadi Pan, a large salt pan, lies in the north.
The Limpopo River Basin, the major landform of all of southern Africa, lies partly in Botswana, in the southeast of the country. The Chobe River lies to the north, providing a boundary between Botswana and Namibia (Caprivi Region). The Chobe River meets with the Zambezi River at a place called Kazungula (meaning a small sausage tree, a point where Sebitwane and his Makololo tribe crossed the Zambezi into Zambia).
Botswana has diverse areas of wildlife habitat. In addition to the delta and desert areas, there are grasslands and savannas, where Blue Wildebeest, many antelopes, and other mammals and birds are found. Northern Botswana has one of the few remaining large populations of the endangered African Wild Dog. .The Chobe National Park, found in the Chobe District, has the world's largest concentration of African elephants.^ These include the merging of the Nxai Pan and Makgadikgadi Pan National Park, the Moremi Game Reserve with the Chobe National Park, and the Mabuasehube Game Reserve with the Gemsbok National Park.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 The park covers about 11,000 km² and supports about 350 species of birds.
.The Chobe National Park and Moremi Game Reserve (in the Okavango Delta) are major tourist destinations.^ The Government attaches great importance to the wide range of natural resources and features that exist throughout Botswana, especially in protected areas, such as National Parks, Game Reserves, Forest Reserves, and designated Wildlife Management Areas.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Area management plans exist at least in draft form for all parks except for the Khutse and Central Kalahari Game Reserves.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Some, such as the Okavango Delta and the Central Kalahari Game Reserve, are valued internationally for their unique features.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 .Other reserves include the Central Kalahari Game Reserve located in the Kalahari desert in Ghanzi District; Makgadikgadi Pans National Park and Nxai Pan National Park are in Central District in the Makgadikgadi Pan.^ Khutse and the Central Kalahari are the only game reserves left.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ The Government attaches great importance to the wide range of natural resources and features that exist throughout Botswana, especially in protected areas, such as National Parks, Game Reserves, Forest Reserves, and designated Wildlife Management Areas.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Area management plans exist at least in draft form for all parks except for the Khutse and Central Kalahari Game Reserves.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 Mashatu Game Reserve is privately owned: located where the Shashe River and Limpopo River meet in eastern Botswana. The other privately owned reserve is Mokolodi Nature Reserve near Gaborone. There are also specialised sanctuaries like the Khama Rhino Sanctuary (for Rhinoceros) and Makgadikgadi Sanctuary (for Flamingos). They are both located in Central District.

Defence

Main article: Botswana Defence Force
At the time of independence Botswana had no armed forces. .It was only after attacks from the Rhodesian and South African armies that the Botswana Defence Force (BDF) was formed in self-defence in 1977. The president is commander in chief and appoints a defence council.^ Recent plans to merge Botswana's Gemsbok National Park with South Africa's Kalahari Gemsbok National Park to form a trans-frontier park are in progress and a draft management plan has been prepared.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 The BDF has approximately 12,000 members.
.Following political changes in South Africa and the region, the BDF's missions have increasingly focused on prevention of poaching, preparing for disasters, and foreign peacekeeping.^ Recent plans to merge Botswana's Gemsbok National Park with South Africa's Kalahari Gemsbok National Park to form a trans-frontier park are in progress and a draft management plan has been prepared.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 The United States has been the largest single foreign contributor to the development of the BDF, and a large segment of its officer corps has received U.S. training. It is considered an apolitical and professional institution.

Economy

Mochudi, one of the larger villages in Botswana.
Main article: Economy of Botswana
.Since independence, Botswana has had one of the fastest growth rates in per capita income in the world.^ In 1994, it was determined that the per capita consumption of the controlled substances under the Montreal Protocol in Botswana was low, about 0.02kg.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 [5] Botswana has transformed itself from one of the poorest countries in the world to a middle-income country. .By one estimate, it has the fourth highest gross national income at purchasing power parity in Africa, giving it a standard of living around that of Mexico and Turkey.^ Whilst most people believe that the primary cause of desertification was physical, the primary impacts were thought to be socioeconomic, including the loss of income opportunities and the lowering of living standards.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 [6]
According to the International Monetary Fund, economic growth averaged over 9% per year from 1966 to 1999. Botswana has a high level of economic freedom compared to other African countries.[7] The government has maintained a sound fiscal policy, despite consecutive budget deficits in 2002 and 2003, and a negligible level of foreign debt. It earned the highest sovereign credit rating in Africa and has stockpiled foreign exchange reserves (over $7 billion in 2005/2006) amounting to almost two and a half years of current imports.
Debswana, the largest diamond mining company operating in Botswana, is 50% owned by the government.[8] Mineral industry provides about 40% of all government revenues.[3] .In 2007, significant quantities of uranium were discovered, and mining is projected to begin by 2010. Several international mining corporations have established regional headquarters in Botswana, and prospected for diamonds, gold, uranium, copper, and even oil, many coming back with positive results.^ In Botswana, several initiatives resulting from a comprehensive solid waste project have been undertaken.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Falconry, with one established project, is gradually being established in Botswana.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 .Government announced in early 2009, that they would try and shift their economic dependence on diamonds, over serious concern that diamonds are predicted to dry out in Botswana over the next twenty years.^ The Botswana Government recognizes tourism as the next potential engine of economic growth for the country.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]
Botswana’s competitive banking system is one of Africa’s most advanced. Generally adhering to global standards in the transparency of financial policies and banking supervision, the financial sector provides ample access to credit for entrepreneurs. The opening of Capital Bank in 2008 brought the total number of licensed banks to eight. .The government is involved in banking through state-owned financial institutions and a special financial incentives program that is aimed at increasing Botswana’s status as a financial center.^ State land is owned by the state and comprises 23% of the total area of Botswana.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ The Government of Botswana is committed to improve the conservation and management of Botswana's forestry resources on a sustainable basis through sustainable forest management plans , among others.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 Credit is allocated on market terms, although the government provides subsidized loans. .Reform of non-bank financial institutions has continued in recent years, notably through the establishment of a single financial regulatory agency that provides more effective supervision.^ In Botswana, these issues are addressed through the relevant technical institutions, both governmental and non-governmental.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 The government has abolished exchange controls, and with the resulting creation of new portfolio investment options, the Botswana Stock Exchange is growing.
.The constitution prohibits the nationalization of private property and provides for an independent judiciary, and the government respects this in practice.^ A number of organizations, including UN agencies, have provided funds to assist the government where such projects have not been adequately provided for in the National Development Plan.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ This information was provided by the Government of the Republic of Botswana to the 5th Session of the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ This information was provided by the Government of the Republic of Botswana to the 5th and 6th Sessions of the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 The legal system is sufficient to conduct secure commercial dealings, although a serious and growing backlog of cases prevents timely trials. .The protection of intellectual property rights has improved significantly.^ Currently, Botswana does not have regulations or legislation which address intellectual property rights.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 .Botswana is ranked second only to South Africa among sub-Saharan Africa countries in the 2009 International Property Rights Index.^ Botswana's own herd is estimated at 80,000 and our efforts, together with a group of five countries in Southern Africa, to have some utilization schemes developed have been strongly resisted by the international community.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Botswana has also established bilateral agreements with South Africa and Namibia, and a trilateral agreement with Angola and Namibia.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Some work is being initiated under the Desert Margins Initiative , an integrated national, regional, and international research programme for developing sustainable natural resources management options to combat land degradation in sub-Saharan Africa.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]
While generally open to foreign participation in its economy, Botswana reserves a number of sectors for citizen participation. .Increased foreign investment plays a significant role in the privatization of state-owned enterprises.^ There are numerous other programmes in which other donors play a significant role.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ The roles played by the Botswana Technology Centre and Rural Industries Innovation Centre in developing energy saving and renewable energy technologies are significant to human settlement development.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ The Ministries of Agriculture and Local Government, Lands and Housing play significant roles in the implementation process.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 Investment regulations are transparent, and bureaucratic procedures are streamlined and open, although somewhat slow. Investment returns such as profits and dividends, debt service, capital gains, returns on intellectual property, royalties, franchise fees, and service fees can be repatriated without limits.

Demographics

Main article: Demographics of Botswana
Starting fire by hand. Bushmen in Botswana.
Botswana's main ethnic groups are (in order) Tswana, Kalanga, Bushmen or AbaThwa also known as basarwa. Other tribes are Bayei, Bambukushu, Basubia, Baherero and Bakgalagadi. Other groups of ethnicities in Botswana include whites and Indians both groups being equally small in number. .Botswana's Indian population is made up of many Indian-Africans of several generations, from Mozambique, Kenya, Tanzania, Mauritius, South Africa, etc.^ Place of Hunting: Botswana and Republic of South Africa .

 ^ Facilitators: Hunters and Guides South Africa; Gavin Hume and Robert Ramajaga, Darrel Dandridge (Botswana) .

 as well as first generation Indian immigrants. The white population is native to Botswana or from other parts of Africa including Zimbabwe and South Africa. The white population speaks either English or Afrikaans and makes up roughly 3% of the population.
Since 2000, because of deteriorating economic conditions in Zimbabwe, the number of Zimbabweans in Botswana has risen into the tens of thousands.[9]
Fewer than 10,000 Bushmen live in the traditional way, as hunter-gatherers. Since the mid-1990s the central government of Botswana has been trying to move San out of their lands.[10] The UN's top official on indigenous rights, Prof. James Anaya, has condemned Botswana's persecution of the Bushmen in a report release in February 2010.[11][12]
The prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Botswana was estimated at 24% for adults in 2006.[13] In 2003, the government began a comprehensive program involving free or cheap generic anti-retroviral drugs as well as an information campaign designed to stop the spread of the virus.

Language

Main article: Tswana language
The official languages of Botswana are English and Setswana. In Setswana prefixes are more important than they are in many other languages. These prefixes include "Bo", which refers to the country, "Ba", which refers to the people, "Mo", which is one person, and "Se" which is the language. For example, the main tribe of Botswana is the Tswana people, hence the name Botswana for its country. The people as a whole are Batswana, one person is a Motswana, and the language they speak is Setswana.
Lesotho, an enclave within South Africa, is considered a sister country. It was inhabited by a cousin tribe called the Sotho, who speak a similar language. That language is called Sesotho and can be understood by speakers of Setswana.

Religion

Main article: Religion in Botswana
Religion in Botswana[1]
religion percent
Protestant
  
 62%
Roman Catholic
  
 5%
Indigenous
  
 23%
Islam
  
 0.3%
Hindu
  
 0.15%
An estimated 70 percent of the country's citizens identify themselves as Christians. Anglicans, Methodists, and the United Congregational Church of Southern Africa make up the majority of Christians. There are also congregations of Lutherans, Roman Catholics, Seventh-day Adventists, Baptists, the Dutch Reformed Church, Mennonites, Mormons, and Jehovah's Witnesses.
According to the 2001 census, the country's Muslim community, primarily of South Asian origin, numbers slightly more than 5,000. The 2001 census also lists approximately 3,000 Hindus and 7000 Baha'is. Approximately 20 percent of citizens espouse no religion. Religious services are well attended in both rural and urban areas.[14]

Health

Life expectancy at birth was at 40 for both males and females in 2004.[15] There were 40 physicians per 100,000 persons in 2004. [15]

HIV/AIDS

Life expectancy in several African countries from 1958 to 2003. Botswana had the highest life expectancy until HIV/AIDS began to reduce it in the late 1980s.
Main articles: Health in Botswana and HIV/AIDS in Botswana
Like elsewhere in the Sub-Saharan Africa, the economic impact of AIDS is considerable. Economic development spending was cut by 10% in 2002–2003 as a result of recurring budget deficits and rising expenditure on healthcare services. Botswana has been hit very hard by the AIDS pandemic; in 2006 it was estimated that life expectancy at birth had dropped from 65 to 35 years.[16]
Approximately one in six Batswana has HIV, giving Botswana the second highest infection rate in the world after nearby Swaziland.[17] The government recognizes that AIDS will affect the economy and is trying to combat the epidemic, including free anti-retroviral drug treatment and a nation-wide Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission program. Botswana has reduced HIV transmission from infected mothers to their children from about 40% to just 4%.

Cancer

The cumulative number of cancer cases registered from 1986 to 2005 was 2000 and during the time the second annual cancer registry report was released it reached 4138.
The most affected groups observed were unemployed, peasants, housewives, scholars and self employed workers. The highest numbers of cancer cases were registered from Gaborone, Kweneng East, Serowe Palapye, Katleng and South East districts respectively.
The frequency of cancers was common in the age group 30–49 years of age. Females were more affected than males. 31% of all the cancers documented were of the female reproductive organs.
The most common sites of cancers were skin, cervix, breast, oesophagus, bone marrow, eye and mouth respectively.
The Cancer Association of Botswana is a voluntary non-governmental organization established as a trust in 1998. The Association is a leading service provider in supplementing existing services through provision of cancer prevention and health promotion programmes, facilitating access to health services for cancer patients and offering support and counseling to those affected.

Education

Main article: Education in Botswana
Botswana has made great strides in educational development since independence in 1966. At that time there were very few graduates in the country and only a very small percentage of the population attended secondary school.
With the discovery of diamonds and the increase in government revenue that this brought, there was a huge increase in educational provision in the country. All students were guaranteed ten years of basic education, leading to a Junior Certificate qualification. Approximately half of the school population attends a further two years of secondary schooling leading to the award of the Botswana General Certificate of Secondary Education (BGCSE). Secondary education in Botswana is neither free nor compulsory.
After leaving school, students can attend one of the six technical colleges in the country, or take vocational training courses in teaching or nursing. The best students enter the University of Botswana, Botswana College of Agriculture[1], and The Botswana Accountancy college in Gaborone. Many other students end up in the numerous private tertiary education colleges around the country. A high majority of these students are government sponsored.
The quantitative gains have not always been matched by qualitative ones. Primary schools in particular still lack resources, and the teachers are less well paid than their secondary school colleagues. The Government of Botswana hopes that by investing a large part of national income in education, the country will become less dependent on diamonds for its economic survival, and less dependent on expatriates for its skilled workers.[citation needed]
In January 2006, Botswana announced the reintroduction of school fees after two decades of free state education[18] though the government still provides full scholarships with living expenses to any Botswana citizen in university, either at the University of Botswana or if the student wishes to pursue an education in any field not offered locally, such as medicine, they are provided with a full scholarship to study abroad.

Sports

The most popular sport in Botswana is football, and other popular sports include cricket, tennis, rugby union, softball, volleyball and athletics.[19][20] Botswana is an associate member of the International Cricket Council.
Contract bridge has a strong following. Bridge was first played in Botswana thirty years ago and grew in popularity during the 1980s. Many British expatriate school teachers informally taught bridge in Botswana’s secondary schools. The Botswana Bridge Federation (BBF) was founded in 1988 and continues to organize tournaments. The game has remained popular and the BBF has over 800 members.[21] In 2007, the BBF invited the English Bridge Union to host a week-long bridge teaching program in May 2008.[22]

Culture

Main article: Culture of Botswana
A girl in the Okavango Delta.
Besides referring to the language of the dominant people groups in Botswana, Setswana is the adjective used to describe the rich cultural traditions of the Batswana-whether construed as members of the Tswana ethnic groups or of all citizens of Botswana.

Music

Main article: Music of Botswana
Tswana music is mostly vocal and performed without drums; it also makes heavy use of string instruments. Tswana folk music has instruments such as Setinkane, Segankure/Segaba, and for the last few decades, the guitar has been celebrated as a versatile music instrument for Tswana music.

Visual arts

Main article: Art of Botswana
Rock paintings of Tsodilo Hills.
In the northern part of Botswana, women in the villages of Etsha and Gumare are noted for their skill at crafting baskets from Mokola Palm and local dyes. The baskets are generally woven into three types: large, lidded baskets used for storage, large, open baskets for carrying objects on the head or for winnowing threshed grain, and smaller plates for winnowing pounded grain. The artistry of these baskets is being steadily enhanced through color use and improved designs as they are increasingly produced for commercial use.
Other notable artistic communities include Thamaga Pottery and Oodi Weavers, both located in the southeastern part of Botswana.
.The oldest paintings from both Botswana and South Africa depict hunting, animal and human figures, and were made by the Khoisan (!Kung San/Bushmen) over twenty thousand years ago within the Kalahari desert.^ Place of Hunting: Botswana Kalahari desert .

 ^ South Africa Hunting (459) .

 ^ Area Of Hunt: Kalahari Desert .
In addition to these more traditional arts there are a number of extremely talented artists who use modern means to express themselves. There are a few galleries around Botswana that display paintings and sculptures. Some pieces are inspired by the beautiful Botswana landscapes and others by the people themselves.

Holidays

Date English name Local name
1 January New Year's Day Ngwaga o mosha'"Gole dzwa in kalanga"
2 January Public Holiday
varies[23] Good Friday Labotlhano yo o molemo'
Easter Monday
varies[24] Ascension Day Tlhatlogo
1 July Sir Seretse Khama Day
19 July President's Day tsatsi la ga tautona
20 July Public Holiday
30 September Independence Day Boipuso
25 December Christmas Keresemose"khisimose in kalanga"
26 December/27 December Boxing Day
The first Monday after Christmas is also a Public Holiday.

International Rankings

Main article: International rankings of Botswana
Organization Survey Ranking
Institute for Economics and Peace [2] Global Peace Index[3] 34 out of 144
United Nations Development Programme Human Development Index 125 out of 182
Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index 37 out of 180
World Economic Forum Global Competitiveness Report 66 out of 133

See also

Africa portal
Main article: Outline of Botswana

Notes and references

  1. ^ a b Central Intelligence Agency (2009). "Botswana". The World Factbook. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bc.html. Retrieved February 3, 2010. 
  2. ^ a b c d "Botswana". International Monetary Fund. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2009/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2006&ey=2009&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=616&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=&pr.x=33&pr.y=11. Retrieved 2009-10-01. 
  3. ^ a b "Botswana Country Brief". World Bank. http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/AFRICAEXT/BOTSWANAEXTN/0,,menuPK:322821~pagePK:141132~piPK:141107~theSitePK:322804,00.html. 
  4. ^ Transparency International 2008 Corruption Perception Index 2008. Retrieved 7-23-09.
  5. ^ US Department of State website, Background Note: Botswana, May 2009. Retrieved 7-23-09.
  6. ^ Klaus Kästle (2009-07-24). "GNI PPP table". Nationsonline.org. http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/GNI_PPP_of_countries.htm. Retrieved 2010-01-19. 
  7. ^ "Botswana ranked Africa's leader in economic freedom". http://www.botswanaifsc.com/news/botswana_ranked_africas_leader.html. 
  8. ^ Joe Nocera (August 8, 2008). "Diamonds are Forever in Botswana". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/09/business/worldbusiness/09nocera.html?ref=business. Retrieved 2010-03-15. 
  9. ^ Betts, Alexander; Kaytaz, Ezra (2009), National and international responses to the Zimbabwean exodus: implications for the refugee protection regime, Research Papers, 175, Policy Development and Evaluation Service, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, http://docs.google.com/wwww.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/retrieveattachments?openagent&shortid=MINE-7UL4R6&file=Full_Report.pdf 
  10. ^ African Bushmen Tour U.S. to Fund Fight for Land. National Geographic News.
  11. ^ http://www.survivalinternational.org/news/5600
  12. ^ Challenges faced by Botswana’s indigenous require Government action – UN expert
  13. ^ UNAIDS http://www.unaids.org/en/KnowledgeCentre/HIVData/GlobalReport/2006/
  14. ^ "U.S. Department of State". State.gov. 2007-09-14. http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2007/90083.htm. Retrieved 2010-01-19. 
  15. ^ a b "Botswana.xls" (PDF). http://www.afro.who.int/home/countries/fact_sheets/botswana.pdf. Retrieved 2010-01-19. 
  16. ^ Kallings LO (2008). "The first postmodern pandemic: 25 years of HIV/AIDS". J Intern Med 263 (3): 218–43. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2007.01910.x. PMID 18205765. http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2007.01910.x. 
  17. ^ HIV and Aids in Botswana, Avert (International Aids Charity), retrieved 2009-23-7.]
  18. ^ BBC News website, Botswana brings back school fees. Retrieved 2009-23-7.
  19. ^ "Sparks to fly at Diamond". Botswana Press Agency (BOPA). http://www.gov.bw/cgi-bin/news.cgi?d=20060126. Retrieved 2008-01-18. 
  20. ^ "Opinion the Academic World". Botswana Press Agency (BOPA). http://www.gov.bw/cgi-bin/news.cgi?d=20040813. Retrieved 2008-01-18. 
  21. ^ "Botswana Bridge Federation". Botswana National Sports Council. http://www.bnsc.co.bw/affiliates/bridge_federation.htm. Retrieved 2008-05-16. 
  22. ^ "English Bridge Union". English Bridge Union. http://www.ebu.co.uk/general/news/2008/BotswanaTrip.htm. Retrieved 2008-06-01. 
  23. ^ Usually in late March or early April.
  24. ^ Usually in May

Further reading

  • Denbow, James and Thebe, Phenyo C., Culture and Customs of Botswana

External links


Travel guide

Up to date as of January 14, 2010

From Wikitravel

Africa : Southern Africa : Botswana
noframe
Location
noframe
Flag
Image:bc-flag.png
Quick Facts
Capital Gaborone
Government Parliamentary republic
Currency Pula (BWP)
Area 600,370 km2
Population 1,639,833 (July 2006 est.)
Language English (official), Setswana (official and national)
Religion Indigenous beliefs 85%, Christian 15%
.Botswana [1] is a land-locked country located in Southern Africa and bordering on Namibia, South Africa, Zimbabwe and Zambia.^ Namibia 1,360 km, South Africa 1,840 km, Zimbabwe 813 km .
  • World Facts and Figures - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC worldfactsandfigures.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • Flag Counter » Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC flagcounter.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Botswana is situated to the north of South Africa and is bordered to the west by Namibia , and to the east by Zimbabwe .
  • Botswana Overland- Travel Information 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.overlandafrica.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ It is bordered by Namibia on the west and north, by Zambia at a narrow strip in the north, by Zimbabwe on the east, and by South Africa on the east and south.
  • Botswana News - Breaking World Botswana News - The New York Times 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC topics.nytimes.com [Source type: News]
  • Botswana Facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.encyclopedia.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Formerly the British protectorate of Bechuanaland, Botswana adopted its new name upon independence in 1966. The economy, one of the most robust on the continent, is dominated by diamond mining and tourism.^ Formerly the British protectorate of Bechuanaland , Botswana adopted its new name after becoming independent within the Commonwealth on 30 September 1966 .
  • Botswana encyclopedia topics | Reference.com 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.reference.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Formerly the British protectorate of Bechuanaland, Botswana adopted its new name upon independence in 1966.
  • Botswana Safari 1994 Photos - Index 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC travel.mongabay.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • World Facts and Figures - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC worldfactsandfigures.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • Flag Counter » Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC flagcounter.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Botswana , formerly the British Protectorate of Bechuanaland , was declared a British Protectorate in March 1885.
  • GlobaLex - Botswana's Legal System and Legal Research 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.nyulawglobal.org [Source type: Original source]

 .Botswana is famous for its wildlife, areas like the Chobe National Park, Moremi National Park in the Okavango Delta and the Central Kalahari Game Reserve have a very high concentration of game.^ The main safari destinations for tourism are Moremi Game Reserve in the Okavango Delta , and Chobe National Park .
  • Botswana encyclopedia topics | Reference.com 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.reference.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Chobe National Park is a raw, wild land, teeming with game.
  • Botswana Safaris Vacation Deals, Botswana Safari Tour Deals, Safari Lodges and Botswana Safari Camp Vacation Packages 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.travelwizard.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Okavango delta, northern Botswana.
  • Botswana -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.britannica.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .The bulk of the Kalahari desert falls within Botswana's borders and Botswana is home to most of the world's San (bushman) population.^ Most of Botswana's population is composed of Batswana.
  • Botswana - An Overview 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.mbendi.com [Source type: News]

 ^ The bulk of the Kalahari desert falls within Botswana's borders and Botswana is home to most of the world's San (bushman) population.
  • Botswana Safari 1994 Photos - Index 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC travel.mongabay.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Place of Hunting: Botswana Kalahari desert .
Botswana regions, cities and transport
.
Botswana regions, cities and transport
  • Okavango Delta - A unique geological formation where a delta is formed by a river (the Okavango) flowing into the Kalahari desert instead of the ocean.^ Clouds over a swamp, Okavango Delta, Botswana .
    • Botswana Stock Photos and Images. 1087 Botswana pictures and royalty free photography available to search from over 100 stock photo brands. 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.fotosearch.com [Source type: General]

     ^ Epic films from Botswana’s Okavango Delta .

     ^ Sunset over the swamp, Okavango Delta, Botswana .
    • Botswana Stock Photos and Images. 1087 Botswana pictures and royalty free photography available to search from over 100 stock photo brands. 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.fotosearch.com [Source type: General]

     Part of the Delta is designated as Moremi National Park
  • Central Kalahari Game Reserve
  • Chobe National Park - A great place to see wildlife, and a good point from which to move on to Victoria Falls.
  • Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park

Understand

Public Holidays

The public holidays in Botswana are:
  • January 1. .New Years' Day  edit
  • Easter weekend.^ New Year's Day .
    • Botswana encyclopedia topics | Reference.com 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.reference.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     .("Good Friday", "Easter Saturday", "Easter Sunday" and "Easter Monday"): a four day long weekend in March or April set according to the Western Christian dates.  edit
  • May 1.^ Date of Hunt: April 22, 1999 to May 12, 1999 .

     ^ Date of Hunt: April 22, 2004 to May 07, 2004 .

     ^ To Date January 2010 February 2010 March 2010 April 2010 May 2010 June 2010 July 2010 August 2010 September 2010 October 2010 November 2010 December 2010 January 2011 February 2011 March 2011 April 2011 .
    • Botswana Safaris, Botswana Safari, Safaris In Botswana, Safari In Botswana, Botswana Travel 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.africasafari.com [Source type: General]

     Workers Day  edit
  • July 1. .Sir Seretse Khama Day  edit
  • Mid July.^ Sir Seretse Khama was elected the country's leader under the banner of the Botswana Democratic Party (BDP).
    • Botswana - An Overview 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.mbendi.com [Source type: News]

     ^ Kgalagadi Transfontier Park Get in By plane Botswana's main airport is Sir Seretse Khama in Gaborone.
    • Botswana Safari 1994 Photos - Index 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC travel.mongabay.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     ^ Botswana was a name that was adopted upon independence on the 30th September 1966 with Sir Seretse Khama as its first President.
    • GlobaLex - Botswana's Legal System and Legal Research 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.nyulawglobal.org [Source type: Original source]

     .President's Day  edit
  • September 30.^ Independence Day, 30 September (1966) .
    • World Facts and Figures - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC worldfactsandfigures.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     ^ On the 30 September 1966, the Bechuanaland Protectorate became the independent Republic of Botswana with Sir Seretse Khama as its first president.
    • GlobaLex - Botswana's Legal System and Legal Research 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.nyulawglobal.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ Independence Day (Botswana Day), 30 September (1966) .
    • Flag Counter » Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC flagcounter.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     .Botswana Day  edit
  • December 25.^ In December 2004, Debswana negotiated 25-year lease renewals for all four of its mines with the Government of Botswana.

     Christmas Day  edit
  • December 26. Day of Goodwill  edit

Get in

Visa

.Citizens of 67 countries, including Australia, Canada, the UK, and the US, do NOT require a visa.^ But US citizens are able to stay in the country for 90 days without requiring a visa.
  • Botswana - An Overview 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.mbendi.com [Source type: News]

 ^ Top 5 requested: - China Visa - Brazil Visa - Russian Visa - India Visa - Australia Visa View all countries Visa Service F.A.Q.   .
  • Embassy of Germany in Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC germany.visahq.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • Embassy of Namibia in Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC namibia.visahq.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • Embassy of India in Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC india.visahq.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • Embassy of Kenya in Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC kenya.visahq.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • Embassy of Netherlands in Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC netherlands.visahq.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • Embassy of Ireland in Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC ireland.visahq.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • Embassy of Angola in Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC angola.visahq.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • Embassy of Italy in Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC italy.visahq.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • Embassy of United States in Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC united-states.visahq.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Africa , Asia , Australia , Canada , Caribbean , Europe European Union , Pacific / Oceania , Russia , South America , UK , USA .

 For citizens of other nations, a visa must be obtained prior to arrival. .As of February 2009, a visa from the Botswana embassy in Washington costs US$107; for more information and a complete list of countries which do/don't require visas, see: [2].^ But US citizens are able to stay in the country for 90 days without requiring a visa.
  • Botswana - An Overview 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.mbendi.com [Source type: News]

 ^ In 2003 Botswana completed a National Strategic Framework which will guide its response to HIV and AIDS until 2009.
  • HIV and AIDS in Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.avert.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Checked out the full list of nominees here and want to see Boundless Journeys offer even more spectacular places?

By plane

.Botswana's main airport is Sir Seretse Khama in Gaborone.^ Most recently observed weather conditions for Botswana Select a location Francistown Jwaneng Kasane Letlhakane Maun Selebi Phikwe Seretse Khama International Airport Shakawe Sua-Pan Tsabong .

 ^ Sir Seretse Khama was elected the country's leader under the banner of the Botswana Democratic Party (BDP).
  • Botswana - An Overview 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.mbendi.com [Source type: News]

 ^ No discussion of politics or military affairs in Botswana can avoid a discussion of Seretse Khama Ian Khama.
  • Botswana Defence Force (includes an Air Wing) - Aviation History / XAIRFORCES 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.xairforces.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .Most flights arriving in Botswana are from Johannesburg in South Africa.^ Most flights arriving in Botswana are from Johannesburg in South Africa.
  • Botswana Safari 1994 Photos - Index 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC travel.mongabay.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Gaborone, its capital and one of Africa’s fastest growing cities, lies in southeastern Botswana, close to the border of South Africa.
  • Study Abroad with CIEE in Gaborone 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.ciee.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ Has custom-designed tours and scheduled tours to Botswana, South Africa, Zimbabwe by private train and air (DC4).

 .(There are no international flights besides South Africa and Zimbabwe.^ Has custom-designed tours and scheduled tours to Botswana, South Africa, Zimbabwe by private train and air (DC4).

 ^ Most flights arriving in Botswana are from Johannesburg in South Africa.
  • Botswana Safari 1994 Photos - Index 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC travel.mongabay.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The first, Blue Hungwe, was held in Zimbabwe in 1997 and the second, Blue Crane, in South Africa in 1999.
  • Botswana Defence Force (includes an Air Wing) - Aviation History / XAIRFORCES 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.xairforces.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ) .The airport in Maun can also be reached via Johannesburg or Gaborone and, once a day (in summer 2009), from Windhoek, Namibia.^ There is also service from Windhoek, Namibia via the Caprivi Strip which will drop you in Chobe National Park, in northern Botswana.
  • Botswana Safari 1994 Photos - Index 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC travel.mongabay.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Day 10 Maun Bid farewell to the area as you transfer by light aircraft to Maun Airport.

 ^ Overnight at Okavango Delta Camp (FB) Day 9 Okavango Delta - Maun After breakfast, light aircraft transfer to Maun Airport, where tour ends.

 .The distance between Gaborone and Maun is more than 1000km.^ Variations exist between facilities in terms of distances compared to the more vastly populated eastern part of the country.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 Maun is very much a tourist attraction spot.

By train

.Trains to/from South Africa have been withdrawn since 1999. A rail link from from Francistown Bulawayo, Zimbabwe was started in June 2006 [3].^ Has custom-designed tours and scheduled tours to Botswana, South Africa, Zimbabwe by private train and air (DC4).

 ^ Namibia 1,360 km, South Africa 1,840 km, Zimbabwe 813 km .
  • CIA - The World Factbook -- Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.umsl.edu [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Brigade is responsible for most of the southern part of the country, including most of the border with South Africa; 2 Brigade is responsible for the eastern part of the country, including the entire border with Zimbabwe; 3 Brigade is responsible for the western part of the country, including most of the border with Namibia.
  • Botswana Defence Force (includes an Air Wing) - Aviation History / XAIRFORCES 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.xairforces.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 Note that all domestic passenger services have been suspended indefinitely as of April 2009.

By car

.There are several entry points by road to Botswana: In the south at Gaborone, providing access from Johannesburg; in the west providing access from Namibia; the north providing access from Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe; and at Francistown in the east, providing access from Harare.^ Botswana is situated to the north of South Africa and is bordered to the west by Namibia , and to the east by Zimbabwe .
  • Botswana Overland- Travel Information 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.overlandafrica.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ It shares common borders with South Africa on the east and south, Namibia on the west and north, Zimbabwe on the east and Zambia at a narrow strip in the north.
  • GlobaLex - Botswana's Legal System and Legal Research 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.nyulawglobal.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ By car There are several entry points by road to Botswana: In the south at Gaborone, providing access from Johannesburg; in the west providing access from Namibia;the north providing access from Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe; and at Francistown in the east, providing access from Harare.
  • Botswana Safari 1994 Photos - Index 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC travel.mongabay.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .All road access is good and the primary roads within Botswana are paved and well maintained.^ The roads are paved and well maintained, so travel by car is also not a problem.
  • Botswana Safari 1994 Photos - Index 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC travel.mongabay.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ All road access is good and the primary roads within Botswana are paved and well maintained.
  • Botswana Safari 1994 Photos - Index 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC travel.mongabay.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ An independent statutory body was established for the promotion of investment as well as the export of goods made in Botswana.
  • Botswana - An Overview 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.mbendi.com [Source type: News]
.Coming from Namibia, you can either go north to Maun, or south along the Trans-Kalahari Highway to Lobatse.^ An "inner circle" highway connecting all major towns and district capitals is completely paved, and the all-weather Trans-Kalahari Highway connects the country (and, through it, South Africa's commercially dominant Gauteng Province) to Walvis Bay in Namibia.
  • Botswana Safari 1994 Photos - Index 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC travel.mongabay.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ During the harsh dry season, the herds migrate south to north and congregate along the perennial Chobe River and fertile floodplains.
  • Botswana Hotels | Botswana Vacation Package | Botswana Accommodations | Lodging | Resorts | Budget Room 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.palacetravel.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ It is bordered by South Africa to the south and southeast, Namibia to the west, Zambia to the north, and Zimbabwe to the northeast.
  • Botswana encyclopedia topics | Reference.com 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.reference.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

By bus

.There is regular bus service from Johannesburg to Gaborone, which takes six hours.^ By bus There is regular bus service from Johannesburg to Gaborone, which takes six hours.
  • Botswana Safari 1994 Photos - Index 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC travel.mongabay.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ There is also bus service from Victoria Falls in Zimbabwe.
  • Botswana Safari 1994 Photos - Index 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC travel.mongabay.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .There is also service from Windhoek, Namibia via the Caprivi Strip which will drop you in Chobe National Park, in northern Botswana.^ There is also service from Windhoek, Namibia via the Caprivi Strip which will drop you in Chobe National Park, in northern Botswana.
  • Botswana Safari 1994 Photos - Index 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC travel.mongabay.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Highlights Okavango Delta Savuti Makgadikgadi Pans Kalahari Desert Chobe National Park A land of wild tablelands, verdant grasslands, arid salt pans and the mighty Kalahari desert, landlocked Botswana is prime safari country.
  • Botswana Travel - Experieince Botswana Adventure Tours from Gap Adventures 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.gapadventures.com [Source type: General]

 ^ The northern boundary between the Caprivi Strip of Namibia and Botswana was the subject of an International Court of Justice dispute over Kasikili or Sedudu island in the Chobe River , which arose over the imprecise description of the border as the thalweg of the Chobe River , defined by Germany and Britain in the Helgoland-Zanzibar Treaty .
  • Botswana encyclopedia topics | Reference.com 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.reference.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .There is also bus service from Victoria Falls in Zimbabwe.^ There is also bus service from Victoria Falls in Zimbabwe.
  • Botswana Safari 1994 Photos - Index 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC travel.mongabay.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ By bus There is regular bus service from Johannesburg to Gaborone, which takes six hours.
  • Botswana Safari 1994 Photos - Index 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC travel.mongabay.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .See Intercape Mainliner [4] for information on service from Namibia and Zimbabwe.^ See Intercape Mainliner (http://www.intercape.co.za/) for information on service from Namibia and Zimbabwe.
  • Botswana Safari 1994 Photos - Index 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC travel.mongabay.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 Private shuttles ran until 2004 from Windhoek directly to Maun and in late 2005, such a service was starting up again.

Get around

.Note that Botswana does not have postal delivery to addresses (everyone picks up their mail at post office boxes), with the result that it is not common for the locals to know addresses.^ In the northern part of Botswana, women in the villages of Etsha and Gumare are noted for their skill at crafting baskets from Mokola Palm and local dyes .
  • Botswana encyclopedia topics | Reference.com 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.reference.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Botswana is a member of the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) and as a result shares common tariffs with the members.
  • Botswana - An Overview 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.mbendi.com [Source type: News]

 ^ Currently, Botswana does not have regulations or legislation which address intellectual property rights.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 .The streets do frequently have names, and are sometimes even reasonably well-marked, but very few people know their names.^ The area is particularly well known for its large concentrations of elephant, hippo, buffalo, lion, leopard, cheetah and Painted Wild Dog, to name but a few.
  • Botswana Hotels | Botswana Vacation Package | Botswana Accommodations | Lodging | Resorts | Budget Room 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.palacetravel.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 You are likely to only get directions in terms of landmarks.
.Through a combination of coaches and combies, you can get anywhere in Botswana without any trouble, though public transport is spotty away from big cities and major axes but hitchhiking is popular and very easy.^ Get around Through a combination of coaches, combies and trains, you can get anywhere in Botswana without any trouble.
  • Botswana Safari 1994 Photos - Index 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC travel.mongabay.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Foreign publications are sold without restriction in Botswana, and there are 18 commercial Internet service providers.
  • Botswana Safari 1994 Photos - Index 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC travel.mongabay.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Many skilled professionals had been lured away from Botswana's public health system by offers of better pay and benefits, and some had moved abroad.
  • HIV and AIDS in Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.avert.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .However, hitchhiking should only be done in desperate circumstances, as Botswana driving is often very erratic and it can be a harrowing experience to have a stranger drive you somewhere.^ Find out who and where you should and shouldn't hunt from fellow hunters who have filed their experiences with us.

 ^ Botswana is mostly hot and very dry with an annual rainfall of only 200-400mm.
  • Botswana Overland- Travel Information 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.overlandafrica.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .It is advisable to arrive at the bus station quite early, as the busses do fill up quickly, and it is not uncommon to spend several hours standing in the aisle waiting for a seat to free up (remember to bring water, as the buses are often not air conditioned).^ Very often water sources such as dams, sand rivers, and hand dug wells dry up.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

By car

.The roads are paved and well maintained, so travel by car is also not a problem, provided that one keeps a close eye out for the cows, donkeys and goats that spend much time in the middle of the road.^ Day 4 Road transfer to Maun After an early breakfast, we travel by road back to Maun, arriving in time to bid farewell and board your departing flight .
The Trans-Kalahari Highway is an old cattle route, now newly paved and easiy drivable with a 2-wheel drive. .It runs from Lobatse to Ghanzi in Botswana, making the connection from Windhoek, Namibia to Gaborone, Botswana.^ Botswana is a republic made up of nine districts (Central,Ghanzi, Kgalagadi, Kgatleng, Kweneng, Northeast, Northwest, Southeast and Southern) and five town councils (Francistown, Gaborone, Lobatse, Jwaneng and Selebi-Pikwe).
  • GlobaLex - Botswana's Legal System and Legal Research 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.nyulawglobal.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Namibia makes a wonderful extension to Botswana safaris, or a great stand-alone destination for the true safari lover.

 It is a long and uneventful drive, but you get a good feel for the Kalahari Desert. Fuel is available in Kang at the Kang Ultra Shop, which also offers a respectable selection of food, overnight chalets, and inexpensive camping.

By bus

There are many bus companies in Botswana. One of the biggest is Seabalo[5]. .From Gaborone you can travel by bus to any bigger city in Botswana.^ When travelling in Botswana, knowing and using the odd word in Setswana always helps, and people will be pleased that you have made the effort.
  • Botswana Overland- Travel Information 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.overlandafrica.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ MORE Gaborone, Botswana Botswana Cities Botswana Currency Converter Map of Botswana Botswana Time Botswana Travel Botswana Weather Forecast Botswana Telephones .

 ^ Gaborone, Botswana ] [ Botswana Cities ] [ Botswana Currency Converter ] [ Map of Botswana ] [ Botswana Time ] [ Botswana Travel ] [ Botswana Weather Forecast ] [ Botswana Telephones ] .

By train

Botswana Railways operates Botwana's railways. .The main line goes from Lobatse, near the South African border, via Gaborone to Francistown at the Zimbabwean border.^ Many South African manufactured prescription drugs are available in Gaborone.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC travel.state.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Native Life in South Africa London:….1916 [full text on-line via ] .
  • 2007 Student Guide to Research Sources on Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.thuto.org [Source type: Academic]

 ^ One of the infantry brigades is headquartered near Gaborone, another near Francistown in the north.
  • Botswana Defence Force (includes an Air Wing) - Aviation History / XAIRFORCES 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.xairforces.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 However, effective April 1, 2009, all passenger services have been withdrawn.

Talk

.The language of business in Botswana is English and most people speak it, although in the more rural areas many people do not speak English, particularly the older generations.^ The official languages of Botswana are English and Setswana.
  • Botswana encyclopedia topics | Reference.com 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.reference.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Botswana : Disaster Management Education Vital There is need to educate people on prevention and management of disaster in their areas, says Botswana Red Cross secretary general, Ms Mabel Rammekwa.

 ^ Veld and forest products in Botswana play a vital role in the daily lives of most Botswana people, particularly in rural areas.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]

 .The primary indigenous tongue is Setswana, and is the mother tongue of the overwhelming majority of the population.^ The population of Botswana is mainly indigenous Africans, the majority being Tswana, and speaking Setswana.
  • GlobaLex - Botswana's Legal System and Legal Research 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.nyulawglobal.org [Source type: Original source]

 .It is not difficult to learn basic greetings and such, and using these in conversation will make people very happy.^ So the answer must be that we use already existing people who are living in these communities - in new and creative ways."
  • HIV and AIDS in Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.avert.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The main objective is to make these settlements attractive to investors and as such make them alternative centres for commercial and industrial location.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ These and other sustainable and economically attractive uses of the Delta, such as eco-tourism, are important in alleviating the pressures to use the resources in potentially non-renewable ways.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: Academic]
Setswana- Hello – Dumela (Dumela Rra- pronounced borra- when addressing men, Dumela Mma- pronounced bomma- when addressing women)

Buy

.Botswana's currency is the Pula; 100 Thebe = 1 Pula.^ Botswana's currency--the Pula--is fully convertible and is valued against a basket of currencies heavily weighted toward the South African Rand.
  • Botswana (12/09) 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The financial services must be provided to clients outside Botswana and in currencies other than the Pula."

 ^ Currency in Botswana : pula (BWP) .

 In Setswana, pula means "rain" and thebe means "shield." .Rough conversions are 5:1 (USD) 6:1 (EUR), 10:1 (GBP) and 1:1.3 (South African Rand).^ SOS South African Rand .

 ^ Botswana's currency--the Pula--is fully convertible and is valued against a basket of currencies heavily weighted toward the South African Rand.
  • Botswana (12/09) 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

Sleep

.Most of the accommodation establishments in Botswana are located near the larger towns and cities, but there are also many secluded game lodges tucked away in the wilderness areas.^ Botswana » Cities and towns » Maun .
  • Maun | Botswana | Botswana | Go 2 Africa 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.go2africa.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Although there is plenty of accommodation in Maun, most travellers pass through without staying overnight.
  • Maun | Botswana | Botswana | Go 2 Africa 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.go2africa.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Unlike many African military establishments, the Botswana Defence Force enjoys generally good relations with the Botswana public.
  • Botswana Defence Force (includes an Air Wing) - Aviation History / XAIRFORCES 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.xairforces.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
  • Limpopo River Lodge, Limpopo River, Tuli Block (Near Platjan Border Post), ☎ +27-82-8517779, [6]. The Lodge is situated on the banks of the Limpopo River in the Tuli Block. A perfectly situated weekend getaway or overnight stop en route to central or northern Botswana. (S22.486,E28.833) edit

Learn

.The University of Botswana [7] is in Gaborone.^ Gaborone, BW.: University of Botswana, Department of Law, 1999.
  • GlobaLex - Botswana's Legal System and Legal Research 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.nyulawglobal.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Gaborone, BW: University of Botswana, Department of Law, 1989.
  • GlobaLex - Botswana's Legal System and Legal Research 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.nyulawglobal.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ University of Botswana Library (Gaborone) Has an online catalog .

Stay safe

.People in Botswana are very friendly and the crime rate is low.^ Botswana abolished foreign exchange controls in 1999, has a low corporate tax rate (15%), and no prohibitions on foreign ownership of companies.
  • Botswana (12/09) 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Botswana has relatively low material exports and generally very low export revenues relative to its expenditure on imports, indicting weak terms of trade.
  • The 2009 Legatum Prosperity Index 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.prosperity.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The level of internet infrastructure, as measured by bandwidth, is also very low, with Botswana ranking 98th on this variable.
  • The 2009 Legatum Prosperity Index 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.prosperity.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 There isn't much to worry about on this front. .Nevertheless, crime has been on the rise over the past several years, so always be aware of your surroundings.^ Finally, always be aware of your package provider’s cancellation policy (or lack thereof)!

 .Basic common sense will keep you safe from the predatory wildlife in rural areas.^ The National Rural Sanitation Programme is geared towards the facilitation of safe and sanitary living conditions in rural areas.
  • Agenda 21 - Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.un.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Tourists should use common sense when approaching wildlife, observe all local or park regulations, and heed all instructions given by tour guides.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC travel.state.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

Stay healthy

.Botswana's HIV infection rate, estimated at 24.1% [8], is the 2ND highest reported in the world.^ Full text reports on-line (Botswana 2001 HIV sero-prevalence sentinel survey amongst pregnant women and men with sexually transmitted infections a technical report December 2001; Sentinel Surveillance 2003 .

 ^ In the 2009 Economic Freedom of the World report, Botswana was ranked 60th overall and third-highest in Africa, while the Heritage Foundation's 2008 Index of Economic Freedom ranked Botswana at 69.7, making it second in sub-Saharan Africa.
  • Botswana (12/09) 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Ministry of Health Full text reports such as 2005_Botswana_Sentinel_Surveillance_Report_-_FINAL20_June06.pdf , Trends in HIV Prevalence among pregnant women in Botswana 2001-2005 (3 p.

 .Exercise regular universal precautions when dealing with any bodily fluid and remain aware of this high rate of infection.^ However, poverty, income inequality and unemployment rates remain high.
  • Botswana - African Development Bank 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.afdb.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 Take precautions accordingly. .Wear rubber gloves when dressing someone else's cut, even if they are a child, and obviously NEVER, EVER HAVE UNPROTECTED SEX. If you form a serious relationship, consider both getting an HIV test before taking things further.^ They even use it to buy sex from other men.
  • Articles:Listing Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.tobacco.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ A person convicted of rape is required to undergo an HIV test before being sentenced.
  • Botswana 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.state.gov [Source type: Original source]
.The northern part of Botswana, including Chobe National Park and the Okavango Delta is in a malaria zone, so it is advisable to take the relevant precautions.^ Clouds over a swamp, Okavango Delta, Botswana .
  • Botswana Stock Photos and Images. 1087 Botswana pictures and royalty free photography available to search from over 100 stock photo brands. 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.fotosearch.com [Source type: General]

 ^ Epic films from Botswana’s Okavango Delta .

 ^ Sunset over the swamp, Okavango Delta, Botswana .
  • Botswana Stock Photos and Images. 1087 Botswana pictures and royalty free photography available to search from over 100 stock photo brands. 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.fotosearch.com [Source type: General]

 Seek medical advice before travelling to these areas.
The drinking water is safe in urban areas, unless otherwise indicated.
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Wiktionary

Up to date as of January 14, 2010

Definition from Wiktionary, a free dictionary

Contents

English

Pronunciation

Proper noun

Singular
Botswana
Plural
-
Botswana
.
  1. A country in Southern Africa (formerly Bechuanaland).^ Botswana - landlocked country in southern Africa (formerly Bechuanaland) - capital: Gabarone .
    • images of Botswana - 1 - Chobe National Park - Travel-Images.com 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC www.travel-images.com [Source type: Original source]

     ^ Republic of Botswana, formerly Bechuanaland, country in the centre of southern Africa.
    • Map Zones : Botswana Map 19 January 2010 9:53 UTC kids.mapzones.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     ^ Botswana was formerly the seat of the Council of Southern Africa Football Associations but it has been handicapped over the years by the country’s sparse population.

     Official name: Republic of Botswana.

Translations

Republic of Botswana

See also

Anagrams

Breton

Proper noun

Botswana
  1. Botswana

Czech

Proper noun

Botswana f.
  1. Botswana

Danish

Proper noun

Botswana
  1. Botswana

Dutch

Proper noun

Botswana n.
  1. Botswana

Estonian

Proper noun

Botswana
  1. Botswana

Finnish

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Finnish Wikipedia has an article on:
Botswana
Wikipedia fi

Proper noun

Botswana (stem Botswan-*)
  1. Botswana

French

Proper noun

Botswana
  1. Botswana

Hungarian

Wikipedia-logo.png
Hungarian Wikipedia has an article on:
Botswana
Wikipedia hu

Proper noun

Botswana
  1. Botswana

Related terms

Interlingua

Proper noun

Botswana
  1. Botswana

Italian

Wikipedia-logo.png
Italian Wikipedia has an article on:
Botswana
Wikipedia it

Proper noun

Botswana m.
  1. Botswana

Derived terms

Norwegian

Proper noun

Botswana
  1. Botswana

Related terms

Polish

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /bɔt.sˈfana/ or /bɔt͡sˈfana/

Proper noun

Botswana f.
  1. Botswana

Declension

Singular Plural
Nominative Botswana Botswany
Genitive Botswany Botswan
Dative Botswanie Botswanom
Accusative Botswanę Botswany
Instrumental Botswaną Botswanami
Locative Botswanie Botswanach
Vocative Botswano Botswany

Derived terms

  • Botswańczyk m., Botswanka f.
  • adjective: botswański

Romanian

Proper noun

Botswana
  1. Botswana

Spanish

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Spanish Wikipedia has an article on:
Botswana
Wikipedia es

Alternative spellings

Proper noun

Botswana f.
  1. Botswana (Republic of Botswana)

Related terms

Swedish

Proper noun

Botswana
  1. Botswana

Citable sentences

Up to date as of December 21, 2010

Here are sentences from other pages on Botswana, which are similar to those in the above article.








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