Coordinates: 51°34′55″N 1°40′01″W / 51.582°N 1.667°W
| Bourton | |
  Bourton
Bourton shown within Oxfordshire |
|
| Population | 320 (2001 Census) |
|---|---|
| OS grid reference | |
| Parish | Bourton |
| District | Vale of White Horse |
| Shire county | Oxfordshire |
| Region | South East |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Postcode district | SN6 |
| Dialling code | 01793 |
| Police | Thames Valley |
| Fire | Oxfordshire |
| Ambulance | South Central |
| EU Parliament | South East England |
| UK Parliament | Wantage |
| List of places: UK • England • Oxfordshire | |
Bourton is a village and civil parish in Oxfordshire, about 4 miles (6.4 km) southeast of Highworth in neighbouring Wiltshire. The western boundary of the parish is a stream that also forms the county boundary.
Bourton was part of the parish of Shrivenham until 1867.[1] Bourton was part of Berkshire until the 1974 local government boundary changes transferred the Vale of White Horse to Oxfordshire.
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Bourton seems to have begun as part of the manor of Shrivenham.[1] Its toponym evolved from Burghton in the 14th century via Borton in the 17th century and has appeared also as Burton.[1] In 1476 George Talbot, 4th Earl of Shrewsbury was feudal overlord of the manor of Buckand in Over Bourton.[1] The manor had been held of the Earl by Sir William Lovel, Lord Morley, who died in that year.[1] In 1529 the manor was recorded as being "late of Sir Francis Lovell", who was attainted in 1485 for supporting Richard III and died childless in 1487.[1] The manor was still owned by the Crown in 1529 but was leased from 1542.[1] From then until 1664 the Hinton family held the manor, but no subsequent record of it is known.[1]
The open field system of farming prevailed in Bourton until its common lands were enclosed in 1792.[1]
Page and Ditchfield state that Bourton village school was founded in 1847 along with six almshouses in the village.[1] However Sir Nikolaus Pevsner states that the school was built in 1842.[2] It was still open in 1906[2] but has since closed.
Bourton House was built in 1845.[2] It is now the premises of Pinewood School, a co-educational preparatory school founded in 1875.[3]
Bourton Baptist Church was built in 1851 in a Decorated Gothic style[2] for the owner of Bourton House.[1] It is now the village hall.[4]
The Church of England parish church of Saint James was designed by the Gothic Revival architect J.W. Hugall.[2] Page and Ditchfield state it was built in 1881[2] but Pevsner states it was built in 1860.[2] St. James' parish is now part of a single Church of England Benefice with the parishes of Ashbury, Compton Beauchamp, Fernham, Longcot, Shrivenham and Watchfield.[5]
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