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The Cairo Conference (codenamed
SEXTANT) of November 22 - 26 1943, held in Cairo, Egypt, addressed the Allied position against Japan during World War II and made
decisions about postwar Asia. The
meeting was attended by President Franklin Roosevelt of the United States,
Prime Minister Winston Churchill of the United Kingdom,
and Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek of the Republic of
China. Soviet
leader Stalin
refused to attend the conference on the grounds that since Chiang
was attending, it would cause provocation between Russia and Japan.
Stalin did meet two days later with Roosevelt and Churchill in
Tehran, Iran for the Tehran Conference.
The Cairo
Declaration was signed on 27 November 1943 and released in a
Cairo Communiqué through radio on 1 December 1943,[1]
stating the Allies' intentions to continue deploying military force
until Japan's unconditional surrender. The three main clauses of
the Cairo Declaration are that "Japan be stripped of all the
islands in the Pacific which she has seized or occupied since the
beginning of the First
World War in 1914", "all the territories Japan has
stolen from the Chinese, such as Manchuria, Formosa, and the Pescadores, shall be restored to the Republic of
China", and that "in due course Korea shall become free and independent".
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