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Campephilus
Campephilus principalis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Piciformes
Family:	Picidae
Genus:	Campephilus Gray, 1840
Species
See text.

Campephilus is a genus of large American woodpeckers in the family Picidae.

This genus was created by George Robert Gray, who suggested taking Campephilus principalis as the type for the genus. The name Campephilus means "lover of grubs" - an allusion to the diet of these birds, many of which feed on the larvae of wood-boring beetles. Contrary to long-held opinion, their closest relatives are not the large black Dryocopus woodpeckers: instead, they are related to the Chrysocolaptes flamebacks from Southeast Asia (Benz et al., 2006).

The English names ivory-billed woodpecker or ivorybill are sometimes used to refer to members of this genus, though more these are used specifically for Campephilus principalis.

Species

• Powerful Woodpecker, Campephilus pollens
• Crimson-bellied Woodpecker, Campephilus haematogaster
• Red-necked Woodpecker, Campephilus rubricollis
• Robust Woodpecker, Campephilus robustus
• Crimson-crested Woodpecker, Campephilus melanoleucos
• Guayaquil Woodpecker, Campephilus gayaquilensis
• Pale-billed Woodpecker, Campephilus guatemalensis
• Cream-backed Woodpecker, Campephilus leucopogon
• Magellanic Woodpecker, Campephilus magellanicus
• Ivory-billed Woodpecker, Campephilus principalis - possibly extinct (late 20th century)
  • Cuban Ivory-billed Woodpecker (Campephilus principalis bairdii) - extinct (late 20th century) (It's unknown if this is really a subspecies of the Ivory-billed or a different species).
• Imperial Woodpecker, Campephilus imperialis - possibly extinct (late 20th century)

A fossil ivorybill species, Campephilus dalquesti, was described from bones found in Late Pleistocene deposits of Scurry County.

References

• Benz, Brett W.; Robbins, Mark B. & Peterson, A. Townsend (2006): Evolutionary history of woodpeckers and allies (Aves: Picidae): Placing key taxa on the phylogenetic tree. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 40: 389–399. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.02.021

From Wikispecies

Taxonavigation

Main Page
Cladus: Eukaryota
Supergroup: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Classis: Aves
Subclassis: Carinatae
Infraclassis: Neornithes
Parvclassis: Neognathae
Ordo: Piciformes
Familia: Picidae
Subfamilia: Picinae
Genus: Campephilus
Species: C. gayaquilensis - C. guatemalensis - C. haematogaster - †C. imperialis - C. leucopogon - C. magellanicus - C. melanoleucos - C. pollens - C. principalis - C. robustus - C. rubricollis

Name

Campephilus G.R. Gray, 1840

Reference

• Gray, G. R. 1840.A list of the genera of birds p.54