From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A cartoonist is a person who specializes in drawing cartoons. Much of this work was, and still is, humorous and is intended primarily for entertainment purposes. Many print cartoons are of the single-panel variety and are published in print media of various kinds, for example, in magazines such as The New Yorker and Punch.
Cartoonists may work in many different formats: single panel gag cartoons, editorial cartoons, comic strips, comic books, graphic novels, or animation. A cartoonist traditionally sketched his work out roughly in pencil first before going over the sketches in black ink, using either a brush or a metal nibbed pen. Today, cartoonists increasingly work in digital media.
Sometimes the term "graphic novelist" is used for cartoonists who produce long works. The word is sometimes used for those who create animated cartoons including anime. This is a misnomer. The person who designs the visual part of animated cartoons is more commonly and appropriately referred to as an animator. Animated cartooning is created for feature films and television. It is also sometimes used in regular movies for special dream or fantasy sequences or for the opening titles.
History
Comic strips received widespread distribution through mainstream newspapers. Such strips are distributed by syndicates[1] such as the Universal Press Syndicate, United Media or the King Features Syndicate. Sunday strips go to a coloring company such as American Color before they are published.
Some comic strip creators publish in the alternative press or on the Internet. Comic strip artists may also sometimes work in book-length form, creating graphic novels. Both vintage and current strips receive reprints in book collections.
Dick Guindon's Christmas Eve cartoon for the
Detroit Free Press (December 24, 1997)
Large comic book publishers (such as Marvel or DC) utilize teams of cartoonists to produce the art (typically separating pencil work, inking and lettering while the color is added digitally by colorists). When a consistent artistic style is wanted among different cartoonists (such as Archie Comics), character model sheets may be used as reference.
Calum MacKenzie in his preface to the exhibition catalog, The Scottish Cartoonists, published in 1979 by the Glasgow Print Studio Gallery, defined the selection criteria:
- The difference between a cartoonist and an illustrator was the same as the difference between a comedian and a comedy actor - the former both deliver their own lines and take full responsibility for them, the latter could always hide behind the fact that it was not his entire creation.
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