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Chicken tikka masala
CTM.jpg
Chicken tikka masala with naan
Origin
Alternate name(s) CTM
Place of origin Disputed:-
 United Kingdom
 India
Region or state Disputed:-
Glasgow (UK)
Mughal Empire (India)
Creator(s) Disputed:-
Ahmed Aslam Ali (UK)
Traditional (India)
Dish details
Course served Main course
Serving temperature Hot
Main ingredient(s) Chicken
Yoghurt
Cream
Tomato
Onion
Chili pepper
Coconut
Variations Lamb tikka masala
Fish tikka masala
Paneer tikka masala

Chicken tikka masala Urdu: مرغ تکہ مصالحہ; Hindi: चिकन टिक्का मसाला) is a curry dish in which roasted chicken chunks (tikka) are served in a rich red, creamy, lightly spiced, tomato-based sauce. The origins of chicken tikka masala are disputed. The oldest claim is that it was created for the Mughals in the Pre-British India era, although some claim the origins of the dish in Glasgow, Scotland.[1]

Surveys have found chicken tikka masala to be the most popular dish in British restaurants and it has been called "Britain's true national dish."[2]

Contents

Composition

Chicken tikka masala is chicken tikka chunks of chicken marinated in spices and yogurt then baked in a tandoor oven, served in a masala ("mixture of spices") sauce.[3] There is no standard recipe for chicken tikka masala; a survey found that of 48 different recipes, the only common ingredient was chicken.[4] The sauce usually includes tomatoes, frequently as puree, and either/or both cream and/or coconut cream and various spices. The sauce or chicken pieces (or both) are sometimes coloured orange or red with food dyes or with red foodstuffs such as turmeric powder, paprika powder or tomato puree.[5] Other tikka masala dishes replace chicken with lamb, fish or paneer.

Origins

One explanation of the origins of the dish is that it was conceived in a British Bangladeshi restaurant.[2][3] A chef in Glasgow claims he invented it by improvising a sauce made from yogurt, cream and spices.[1][6]

Pakistani-born British MP Mohammed Sarwar claimed he had applied to have chicken tikka masala granted Protected Geographical Status by the European Union which would officially recognise Glasgow as the home of tikka masala.[1]

The claim for a Scottish origin for the dish is disputed by a number of Indian chefs,[7] who believe that it is one of many variations on a dish known to the Mughal Emperors.

Popularity

Chicken tikka masala is served in restaurants around the globe [8][9] . A survey in the United Kingdom claimed that it is that country's most popular restaurant dish.[3] One in seven curries sold in the UK is chicken tikka masala. The cross-cultural popularity of the dish in the UK led former Foreign Secretary Robin Cook to proclaim it as "Britain's true national dish".[4] Britain now exports chicken tikka masala to India and Bangladesh.[10]

See also

  • Balti, another South Asian dish invented in the United Kingdom.
  • General Tso's chicken, another non-authentic dish seen as symbolic of a culture's cuisine.
  • Curry chicken, a similar spiced chicken dish.
  • Butter Chicken, A dish similar and often confused with Tikka Masala

Bibliography

  • Curry Club Tandoori and Tikka Dishes, Piatkus, London — ISBN 0749912839 (1993)
  • Curry Club 100 Favourite Tandoori Recipes, Piatkus, London — ISBN 07499149 & ISBN 0749917415 (1995)
  • India: Food & Cooking, New Holland, London — ISBN 978-1845376192 (2007)

References

  1. ^ a b c "BBC News Online: Glassgow 'invented' Tikka Masala". 2009-07-21. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/glasgow_and_west/8161812.stm. Retrieved 2009-12-31. 
  2. ^ a b "Robin Cook's chicken tikka masala speech". The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2001/apr/19/race.britishidentity. Retrieved 2001-04-19. 
  3. ^ a b c Lloyd, J and Mitchinson, J. The Book of General Ignorance. Faber & Faber, 2006.
  4. ^ a b BBC E-Cyclopedia (2001-04-20). "Chicken tikka masala: Spice and easy does it". bbc.co.uk. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/special_report/1999/02/99/e-cyclopedia/1285804.stm. Retrieved 28 September 2007. 
  5. ^ Chicken tikka masala with paprika, http://www.food-india.com/recipe/R051_R75/R071.htm, retrieved 2009-11-05 
  6. ^ Agencies (6 August 2009). "Scots lay claim to chicken tikka masala, Indians fume". The Times of India. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/world/uk/Scots-lay-claim-to-chicken-tikka-masala-Indians-fume/articleshow/4861329.cms. Retrieved 9 September 2009. 
  7. ^ "Telegraph Online: Chicken tikka masala debate grows as Indian chefs reprimand Scottish MPs over culinary origins". http://www.telegraph.co.uk/foodanddrink/5972643/Chicken-tikka-masala-row-grows-as-Indian-chefs-reprimand-Scottish-MPs-over-culinary-origins.html. 
  8. ^ "The Hindu: Tastes that travel". http://www.thehindu.com/mp/2007/02/24/stories/2007022401910300.htm. Retrieved 2007-06-01. 
  9. ^ Aravind Adiga (20 March 2006). "The Spice of Life". Time. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1174750,00.html. Retrieved 2007-06-01. 
  10. ^ "India gets a taste of UK tikka". BBC News. 3 November 1999. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/503680.stm. Retrieved 9 September 2009. 
  • Collingham, Elizabeth M (2006). Curry: A Tale of Cooks and Conquerors. Oxford University Press. pp. 2–3. ISBN 0195172418. 

External links

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Indian Diaspora
Chicken tikka masala · Desi Chinese







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