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.A constitutional monarchy is a form of government in which a monarch acts as head of state within the perimeters of a written (i.e., codified), unwritten (i.e., uncodified) or blended constitution.^ Belize shall become a constitutional monarchy with The Queen as Head of State.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Then when half of their States decided they didn't like the Constitution and decided to quit and form another federation, the US Federal government made brutal and bloody war on their people and forced them into submission.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ However, the opposition team defined dictatorship in a extremely narrow and nonconstructive way, as we stated in our response to their first argument, stating that "A Dictatorship is a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.
  • Dictatorship is the best path to development 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC debatewise.org [Source type: Original source]

 .It differs from absolute monarchy in that an absolute monarch serves as the sole source of political power in the state and is not legally bound by any constitution.^ The role of a Constitutional Monarch is that of a legal entity.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ These sources of political power include: .
  • FROM DICTATORSHIP TO DEMOCRACY 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC www.hermanos.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Necessary sources of political power 18 .
  • FROM DICTATORSHIP TO DEMOCRACY 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC www.hermanos.org [Source type: Original source]
.Most constitutional monarchies employ a parliamentary system in which the Monarch may have strictly Ceremonial duties or may have Reserve Powers, depending on the constitution, have a directly or indirectly elected prime minister who is the head of government and exercises effective political power.^ As a constitutional monarch, she is politically neutral and by convention her role is largely ceremonial.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Regulations made under this section may, with the consent of the Prime Minister, confer powers or impose duties on any public officer or any authority of the Government for the purpose of the exercise of the functions of the Belize Advisory Council.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ The power to appoint persons to hold or to act in offices to which this section applies (including the power to confirm appointments) and the power to exercise disciplinary control over persons holding or acting in such offices and the power to remove such persons from office shall vest in the Governor General, acting in accordance with the advice of the Prime Minister.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 In the past, constitutional monarchs have co-existed with fascist and quasi-fascist constitutions (Fascist Italy, Francoist Spain) and with military dictatorships.
.Contemporary constitutional monarchies include Australia, Bahrain, Belgium, Belize, Cambodia, Canada, Denmark, Japan, Jordan, Lesotho, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Morocco, New Zealand, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Thailand, United Kingdom, and Vatican City.^ In this section"the British Nationality Act 1948" includes any Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom amending that Act.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ The protesters staged their demonstration to coincide with the G8 summit at Strelna where the leaders of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the United Kingdom, the United States and the European Union wound up their three day meeting today.

 ^ The following categories of person, being citizens of the United Kingdom an Colonies immediately before the day of independence, shall automatically become citizens of Belize on the day of independence: i.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

Contents

Constitutional monarchies and absolute monarchies

Constitutional monarchy in the European tradition

.In Britain, the Glorious Revolution of 1688 led to a constitutional monarchy restricted by laws such as the Bill of Rights 1689 and the Act of Settlement 1701, although limits on the power of the monarch ('A Limited Monarchy') are much older than that (see Magna Carta).^ Actually, recent past, current and future British Monarchs cannot "carry-on like Henry VIII" because the 1689 Bill of Rights and 1701 Act of Settlement limit the power of the throne.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ I can even imagine a system where the monarch has actual executive authority -- as long as the government's power is limited by a strict constitution and the monarch must take an oath to defend it for his entire life -- I can see a proper monarchy that could form where the monarch was actually a defender of liberty vs corrupt politicians who are for sale to the highest bidder.
  • Is Democracy a superior form of government? - Religion & Politics - General Discussion - MMORPG.com Forums 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.mmorpg.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ The Court of Appeal shall be a superior court of record and save as otherwise provided by any law, shall have all the powers of such a court.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]
.Constitutional monarchy occurred in continental Europe after the French revolution.^ Chapter 7: The French Revolution: Constitutional Stage: .
  • Right-Wing Racist Terrorist Neo-Nazi Extremists Infiltrate U.S. Military | ItsYourTimes.com 9 February 2010 17:20 UTC www.itsyourtimes.com [Source type: Original source]

 .General Napoleon Bonaparte is considered the first monarch proclaiming himself as embodiment of the nation, rather than as a divinely-appointed ruler; this interpretation of monarchy is basic to continental constitutional monarchies.^ The key to making sense of constructive action in a situation of impending industrial collapse is to look at the community, rather than the individual or society as a whole, as the basic unit.

 ^ The Republic was finally dissolved, The imperator was proclaimed pater patriae , father of his country, princeps , first citizen, Caesar Augustus, - almost, but not as yet, divine.

 ^ For what is not commanded--and is concerned for self rather than for the commands of God--that is surely the devil himself.
  • Martin Luther - Biography of Martin Luther 2 February 2010 16:29 UTC www.andrewgupta.com [Source type: Original source]

 .G.W.F. Hegel, in Philosophy of Right (1820) justified it philosophically, according well with evolving contemporary political theory and with the Protestant Christian view of Natural Law.^ The allegory has a political as well as a philosophical meaning.
  • Online Library of Liberty - THE REPUBLIC. - Dialogues, vol. 3 - Republic, Timaeus, Critias 16 January 2010 13:013 UTC oll.libertyfund.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Political Theory/Political Philosophy (437) .
  • The Totalitarian Temptation and all that — Crooked Timber 9 February 2010 17:20 UTC crookedtimber.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ In fact, Socrates expresses several central political theses in the Republic that appear in other Platonic dialogues, as well, especially in the Gorgias , Statesman , and Laws .
  • Plato's Ethics and Politics in The Republic (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy) 16 January 2010 13:013 UTC plato.stanford.edu [Source type: Original source]

 .Hegel forecast a constitutional monarch of limited powers, whose function is embodying the national character and constitutional continuity in emergencies, per the development of constitutional monarchy in Europe and Japan.^ The National Party, led by the Deputy Prime Minister, Tim Fischer, formally supports the constitutional monarchy.
  • From Constitutional Convention to Republic Referendum: A Guide to the Processes, the Issues and the Participants (Research Paper 25 1998-99) 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.aph.gov.au [Source type: Original source]

 ^ And of the "healthy, stable constitutional monarchies" how many are ruled by a foreign monarch?
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ I can even imagine a system where the monarch has actual executive authority -- as long as the government's power is limited by a strict constitution and the monarch must take an oath to defend it for his entire life -- I can see a proper monarchy that could form where the monarch was actually a defender of liberty vs corrupt politicians who are for sale to the highest bidder.
  • Is Democracy a superior form of government? - Religion & Politics - General Discussion - MMORPG.com Forums 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.mmorpg.com [Source type: Original source]

 Moreover, the ceremonial office of president (e.g. .European and Israeli parliamentary democracies), is a contemporary type of Hegel's constitutional monarch (whether elected or appointed), yet, his forecast of the form of government suitable to the modern world might be perceived as prophetic.^ So democracy is not a superior form of government.
  • Is Democracy a superior form of government? - Religion & Politics - General Discussion - MMORPG.com Forums 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.mmorpg.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Is Democracy a superior form of government?
  • Is Democracy a superior form of government? - Religion & Politics - General Discussion - MMORPG.com Forums 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.mmorpg.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ We are then dumbstruck, when the proposition redrew the categories of the world’s previous and current form of government and created a category of a Democratic yet Dictatorship country.
  • Dictatorship is the best path to development 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC debatewise.org [Source type: Original source]

 .The Russian and French presidents, with their stronger powers, might be Hegelian, wielding power suited to the national will embodied.^ The Governor-General only exercises de jure power on the Prime Minister's instruction, but an elected President might be very different.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ President Obama will wield power that is unprecedented in world history.
  • Dictatorship : NOVAKEO.COM 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC novakeo.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Then the mushrooming authority of the president, unbalancing separation of powers in national defense .

Modern constitutional monarchy

.As originally conceived, a constitutional monarch was quite a powerful figure, head of the executive branch even though his or her power was limited by the constitution and the elected parliament.^ Chapter V of the Constitution defines organization and the powers of the executive branch of the government.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Now by any measure that is a rank abuse of power and a clear demonstration as to how a foreign monrach retains has the power to interfere in the workings of our elected parliament and undermine our independance from the "Whims" of a foreign Monarch!
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The powers of the government are distributed into three branches, the legislative, the executive, and the judiciary.
  • Bouvier's Law Dictionary, 1856 Edition - Letter N 2 February 2010 16:29 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 .Some of the framers of the US Constitution may have conceived of the president as being an elected constitutional monarch, as the term was understood in their time, following Montesquieu's account of the separation of powers.^ It is always easier for A and B to agree on a decision formula, than to award the decision to A or B. Indeed, any division of authority involves some such formula - for instance, to implement Montesquieu's good old separation of powers, we must define "legislative," "judicial" and "executive."

 ^ The Governor-General only exercises de jure power on the Prime Minister's instruction, but an elected President might be very different.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The previous sciences must first be studied, and will, we may add, continue to be studied till the end of time, although in a sense different from any which Plato could have conceived.
  • Online Library of Liberty - THE REPUBLIC. - Dialogues, vol. 3 - Republic, Timaeus, Critias 16 January 2010 13:013 UTC oll.libertyfund.org [Source type: Original source]

 [1]
.The present concept of constitutional monarchy developed in the United Kingdom, where it was the democratically elected parliaments, and their leader, the prime minister, who had become those who exercised power, with the monarchs voluntarily ceding it and contenting themselves with the titular position.^ Cowards and deserters shall be degraded to the class of husbandmen; gentlemen who allow themselves to be taken prisoners, may be presented to the enemy.
  • Online Library of Liberty - THE REPUBLIC. - Dialogues, vol. 3 - Republic, Timaeus, Critias 16 January 2010 13:013 UTC oll.libertyfund.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ The power to appoint persons to hold or to act in offices to which this section applies (including the power to confirm appointments) and the power to exercise disciplinary control over persons holding or acting in such offices and the power to remove such persons from office shall vest in the Governor General, acting in accordance with the advice of the Prime Minister.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Jos Luis Rodrguez Zapatero is to become the new Prime Minister.
  • Spain: Dictatorship to Democracy and After 1975–2007 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC nick.frejol.org [Source type: General]

 .In many cases even the monarchs themselves, while still at the very top of the political and social hierarchy, were given the status of "servants of the people" to reflect the new, egalitarian view.^ The cases of successful political defiance-or nonviolent struggle for political ends-cited above indicate that the means do exist for populations to free themselves, but that option has remained undeveloped.
  • FROM DICTATORSHIP TO DEMOCRACY 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC www.hermanos.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Guerrilla warfare is no obvious solution, particularly given the very strong tendency toward immense casualties among one's own people.
  • FROM DICTATORSHIP TO DEMOCRACY 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC www.hermanos.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ In the UK new-build now has rules on taps to prevent people scalding themselves .
  • What does 'totalitarian' actually mean? | Samizdata.net 9 February 2010 17:20 UTC www.samizdata.net [Source type: Original source]

 In the course of France's July Monarchy, Louis-Philippe I was styled "King of the French" rather than "King of France".
Following the Unification of Germany, Otto von Bismarck rejected the British model. .In the kind of constitutional monarchy established under the Constitution of the German Empire which Bismarck inspired, the Kaiser retained considerable actual executive power, and the Prime Minister needed no parliamentary vote of confidence and ruled solely by the imperial mandate.^ If it was not approved this would constitute a vote of no confidence in the Prime Minister.
  • From Constitutional Convention to Republic Referendum: A Guide to the Processes, the Issues and the Participants (Research Paper 25 1998-99) 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.aph.gov.au [Source type: Original source]

 ^ If the Prime Minister represents to the Governor General that the question of removing the Director of Public Prosecutions under this section ought to be investigated, then - a.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ The Governor-General only exercises de jure power on the Prime Minister's instruction, but an elected President might be very different.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .However, this model of constitutional monarchy was discredited and abolished following Germany's defeat in the First World War.^ The main aim of US imperialism following World War II was to achieve complete control over the oppressed nations to ensure for itself ever-increasing profits from the oppressed peoples.
  • The Role of the Dictatorship of the Proletariat in the International Marxist-Leninist Movement 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC www.mltranslations.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Following the defeat of the Axis powers in World War II, US imperialism became the main enemy of mankind.
  • The Role of the Dictatorship of the Proletariat in the International Marxist-Leninist Movement 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC www.mltranslations.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ After the U.S. did get into World War 2, at the end of 1941 -- and, even before that, after Germany attacked England and France -- the attitude of these Western imperialists changed.
  • DICTATORSHIP AND DEMOCRACY, AND THE SOCIALIST TRANSITION TO COMMUNISM-- By Bob Avakian 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC rwor.org [Source type: Original source]

 .Later on, Fascist Italy could also be considered as a "constitutional monarchy" of a kind, in the sense that there was a king as the titular head of state while actual power was held by Benito Mussolini under a constitution (to be sure, a Fascist and anti-democratic one).^ Belize shall become a constitutional monarchy with The Queen as Head of State.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ I agree with Vidal that we are headed for a fascist state.
  • Gore Vidal: ‘We’ll Have a Dictatorship Soon in the US’ | CommonDreams.org 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC www.commondreams.org [Source type: General]

 ^ To constitute a Public nuisance, there must be such 'a number of persons annoyed, that the offence can no longer be considered a private nuisance: this is a fact, generally, to be judged of by the jury.
  • Bouvier's Law Dictionary, 1856 Edition - Letter N 2 February 2010 16:29 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 .This eventually discredited the Italian monarchy and led to its abolition in 1946. After the Second World War, surviving European monarchies almost invariably adopted some variant of the constitutional monarchy model originally developed in Britain.^ The National Party, led by the Deputy Prime Minister, Tim Fischer, formally supports the constitutional monarchy.
  • From Constitutional Convention to Republic Referendum: A Guide to the Processes, the Issues and the Participants (Research Paper 25 1998-99) 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.aph.gov.au [Source type: Original source]

 ^ A constitution was adopted for New Jersey on the second day of July, 1776, which continued in force till the first day of September, 1844, inclusive.
  • Bouvier's Law Dictionary, 1856 Edition - Letter N 2 February 2010 16:29 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ In the triumphalism of the end of the Second World War, the American occupation of Japan, in the person of General Douglas MacArthur, played a major role in the creation of this constitution.
  • Dictatorship : NOVAKEO.COM 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC novakeo.com [Source type: Original source]
.In present terms, the difference between a parliamentary democracy that is a constitutional monarchy and one that is a republic, is considered more a difference of detail than of substance.^ There shall be no more than five judges of the inferior court of common pleas in each of the counties in this state after the terms of the judges of said court now in office shall terminate.
  • Bouvier's Law Dictionary, 1856 Edition - Letter N 2 February 2010 16:29 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ But in the United States, the use of the term is nothing more than a custom.
  • The Missing Thirteenth Amendment 2 February 2010 16:29 UTC www.thirdamendment.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ It is all notorious, so that even at Rome they are forced to own that it is more terrible and worse than one can say.
  • Modern History Sourcebook: Martin Luther (1483-1546): Address To The Nobility ofthe German Nation, 1520 2 February 2010 16:29 UTC www.fordham.edu [Source type: Original source]

 .In both cases, the titular head of state - monarch or president - serves the traditional role of embodying and representing the nation, while the actual governing is carried out by an elected Prime Minister.^ All heads of states are elitist, be it a monarch, president, or governor.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ You mention being able to select or elect out head of state.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Prime Minister to dismiss the President, and .
  • From Constitutional Convention to Republic Referendum: A Guide to the Processes, the Issues and the Participants (Research Paper 25 1998-99) 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.aph.gov.au [Source type: Original source]
.Today constitutional monarchies are mostly associated with Western European countries such as the United Kingdom, Netherlands, Belgium, Norway, Denmark, Spain, Luxembourg, Monaco, Liechtenstein, and Sweden.^ A parallel can be drawn with the majority of the western European settlers who were rewarded with lordships in the kingdom of Jerusalem and the other crusader principalities and counties after participating in the First Crusade, few of whose families were prominent among the nobility in their countries of origin.
  • NORMANDY NOBILITY 2 February 2010 16:29 UTC fmg.ac [Source type: Academic]

 ^ The protesters staged their demonstration to coincide with the G8 summit at Strelna where the leaders of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the United Kingdom, the United States and the European Union wound up their three day meeting today.

 ^ As a Constitutional Monarchy, Australia is in the company of countries which represent governance at world's best practice.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .In such cases it is the prime minister who holds the day-to-day powers of governance, while the King or Queen (or other monarch, such as a Grand Duke, in the case of Luxembourg, or Prince in the case of Monaco and Liechtenstein) retains only residual (but not always minor) powers.^ There is no such thing as a king, queen, prince or princess.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ In this section, "Minister" means a Minister of the Government other than the Prime Minister.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ The power to appoint persons to hold or to act in offices to which this section applies (including the power to confirm appointments) and the power to exercise disciplinary control over persons holding or acting in such offices and the power to remove such persons from office shall vest in the Governor General, acting in accordance with the advice of the Prime Minister.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 Different nations grant different powers to their monarchs. .In the Netherlands, Denmark and in Belgium, for example, the Monarch formally appoints a representative to preside over the creation of a coalition government following a parliamentary election, while in Norway the King chairs special meetings of the cabinet.^ The stability of the Australian system of Government is surely in part due to our Constitution, of which the Monarch of Australia (represented by the GG) plays a key part.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The Governor-General on the advice of the Prime Minister shall appoint Ministers responsible for any business of Government including responsibility for any department of Government from among members of the House of Representatives or the Senate, except the persons holding the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President of the Senate.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ The Prime Minister shall so far as is practicable attend an preside at all Cabinet meetings, and in his absence any other Minister that he appoints shall preside.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]
.In nearly all cases, the monarch is still the nominal chief executive, but is bound by constitutional convention to act on the advice of the Cabinet.^ In the exercise of his functions, the Governor-General shall act in accordance with the advice of Cabinet or a Minister acting under the general authority of Cabinet except in cases where the Constitution or any law requires him to act on the advice of any other person or authority, 26.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ In the exercise of his functions the Governor-General shall act in accordance with the advice of the Cabinet or a Minister acting under the general authority of the Cabinet except in cases where he is required by this Constitution or any other law to act in accordance with the advice of, or after consultation with, any person or authority other than the Cabinet or in his own deliberate judgment.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ In nearly all cases, resistance must continue to drive dictators out of power.
  • FROM DICTATORSHIP TO DEMOCRACY 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC www.hermanos.org [Source type: Original source]

 .Only a few monarchies (most notably Japan and Sweden) have amended their constitutions so that the monarch is no longer even the nominal chief executive.^ For they investigate only the numbers of the consonances which are heard, and ascend no higher,—of the true numerical harmony which is unheard, and is only to be found in problems, they have not even a conception.
  • Online Library of Liberty - THE REPUBLIC. - Dialogues, vol. 3 - Republic, Timaeus, Critias 16 January 2010 13:013 UTC oll.libertyfund.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ The advantages were so great that even the most conservative and well-established shipowners, who were perhaps not naturally inclined to play along, found that they had no choice but to do so.
  • Anarchy at Sea - William Langewiesche 10 February 2010 11:17 UTC www.wesjones.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ The only issue is this one: no Australian, no matter how talented or hard-working or intelligent or accomplished, can ever aspire to the most senior position in the Land.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.The most significant family of constitutional monarchies in the world today are the sixteen Commonwealth realms under Elizabeth II[2] .^ The Commonwealth of Australia, along with the other Commonwealth Realms, is essentially a creation of The Crown with equal mandate to maintain it's monarchy, our oldest institution.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ In today’s world, however, the number of children in a family is a matter of profound public concern.
  • Obama Science Advisor Called For “Planetary Regime” To Enforce Totalitarian Population Control Measures 9 February 2010 17:20 UTC www.prisonplanet.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Because the most important contradiction of today's world is negated, the program that follows can only be one of defeat for the proletariat of all nations.
  • The Role of the Dictatorship of the Proletariat in the International Marxist-Leninist Movement 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC www.mltranslations.org [Source type: Original source]

 .Unlike some of their continental European counterparts, the Monarch and her Governors-General in the Commonwealth Realms hold significant "reserve" or "prerogative" powers, to be wielded in times of extreme emergency or constitutional crises usually to uphold parliamentary government.^ Governor-General in the exercise of his powers under section 52 of this Constitution; b.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ The power to appoint persons to hold or to act in offices to which this section applies (including the power to confirm appointments) and the power to exercise disciplinary control over persons holding or acting in such offices and the power to remove such persons from office shall vest in the Governor General, acting in accordance with the advice of the Prime Minister.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ The Governor-General only exercises de jure power on the Prime Minister's instruction, but an elected President might be very different.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .An instance of a Governor General exercising his power was during the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis, when the Australian Prime Minister of the time, Gough Whitlam, was effectively fired from his position.^ Governor-General acting in accordance with the advice of the Prime Minister; b.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Governor-General, acting in accordance with the advice of the Prime Minister.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Governor-General, acting in accordance with the advice of the Prime Minister, so directs; d.
  • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

 .This led to much speculation as to whether this use of the Governor General's reserve powers was appropriate, and whether Australia should become a republic.^ Should Australia retain the Queen as Head of State or become a Republic?
  • From Constitutional Convention to Republic Referendum: A Guide to the Processes, the Issues and the Participants (Research Paper 25 1998-99) 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.aph.gov.au [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Should Australia become a Republic?
  • From Constitutional Convention to Republic Referendum: A Guide to the Processes, the Issues and the Participants (Research Paper 25 1998-99) 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.aph.gov.au [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Australia should become a republic .
  • From Constitutional Convention to Republic Referendum: A Guide to the Processes, the Issues and the Participants (Research Paper 25 1998-99) 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.aph.gov.au [Source type: Original source]
.In Thailand's constitutional monarchy, the monarch is recognized as the Head of State, Head of the Armed Forces, Upholder of the Buddhist Religion, and Defender of the Faith.^ Hence we already have an Australian "Head of State" who is NOT the monarch.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ All heads of states are elitist, be it a monarch, president, or governor.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Schoolteachers employed by the Iraqi state are preaching religion in class and forcing Christian girls to wear veils.
  • Freedom or Theocracy?: Constitutionalism inAfghanistan and Iraq 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.law.northwestern.edu [Source type: Original source]

 .The current King (King Bhumibol Adulyadej) is the longest reigning current monarch in the world and in all of Thailand's history.^ The history of the present King of Great Britain America is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States.
  • Firedoglake » Late Nite FDL: Can We Call It a Dictatorship Yet? 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC firedoglake.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 [3] .King Bhumibol Adulyadej has reigned through several political changes in the Thai government.^ Clearly, all political changes originate in divisions of the actual governing power; a government which is united, however small, cannot be moved.
  • Online Library of Liberty - THE REPUBLIC. - Dialogues, vol. 3 - Republic, Timaeus, Critias 16 January 2010 13:013 UTC oll.libertyfund.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ U.S. taxpayers’ money still poured in to support the illegal government through a variety of channels, and there was no effort made to cut off political relations.
  • Dictatorship : NOVAKEO.COM 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC novakeo.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ In Malaysia, following constitutional change, the Kings who rule each state lost their national authority: they are using their intra-state authority to provide a national stability that transcends national politics.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .He has played an influential role in each incident, oftentimes acting as mediator between disputing political opponents.^ Even if the Obama administration did not play an underhanded role in this affair, the Honduran coup highlights growing geo-political tensions in the region.
  • Totalitarian Rightists Put Orwellian Spin on Honduras Coup 9 February 2010 17:20 UTC www.thenation.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ This raised questions whether the US can play the role of a mediator between India and Pakistan during this high-profile visit.

 ^ We are witnessing a conflict between two ways of understanding the function of the state and the role of the political leaders.
  • Totalitarian Rightists Put Orwellian Spin on Honduras Coup 9 February 2010 17:20 UTC www.thenation.com [Source type: Original source]

 (See King Bhumibol's role in Thai Politics.) .While the monarch retains some powers from the constitution, most particular is Lèse majesté which protects the image and ability of the monarch to play a role in politics and carries modest criminal penalties for violators.^ The role of a Constitutional Monarch is that of a legal entity.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ As a constitutional monarch, she is politically neutral and by convention her role is largely ceremonial.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ While failing in some respects to adequately protect human rights, the new constitution doesn't do enough to prohibit Taliban and other war criminals from keeping or winning government posts, and using them to impose fundamentalist rule.
  • Freedom or Theocracy?: Constitutionalism inAfghanistan and Iraq 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.law.northwestern.edu [Source type: Original source]

 Generally, the Thai people are reverent of King Bhumibol. .Much of his social influence comes from that and the fact that the royal family is often involved in socio-economic improvement efforts.^ The Traditional Owners come from a long line of Sovereign Peoples, longer than the British Royal family as regents.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Much of that power has broken down as these royal families were either overthrown or became republics.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Often seen as firmly entrenched and impregnable, some of these dictatorships proved unable to withstand the concerted political, economic, and social defiance of the people.
  • FROM DICTATORSHIP TO DEMOCRACY 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC www.hermanos.org [Source type: Original source]
.
Constitutional monarchies with representative parliamentary systems are shown in red.^ As a Constitutional Monarchy, Australia is in the company of countries which represent governance at world's best practice.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ The stability of the Australian system of Government is surely in part due to our Constitution, of which the Monarch of Australia (represented by the GG) plays a key part.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 Other constitutional monarchies are shown in violet.
.In both the United Kingdom and elsewhere, a common debate centres around when it is appropriate for a monarch to use his or her political powers.^ Clearly, all political changes originate in divisions of the actual governing power; a government which is united, however small, cannot be moved.
  • Online Library of Liberty - THE REPUBLIC. - Dialogues, vol. 3 - Republic, Timaeus, Critias 16 January 2010 13:013 UTC oll.libertyfund.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ The army is one of the most important sources of the power of dictators because it can use its disciplined military units and weaponry directly to attack and to punish the disobedient population.
  • FROM DICTATORSHIP TO DEMOCRACY 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC www.hermanos.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ I am interested in limiting political power over other people (both here and in places such as Iraq), not increasing it.
  • Michael J. Totten: The Totalitarian Impulse 9 February 2010 17:20 UTC www.michaeltotten.com [Source type: Original source]

 .When a monarch does act, political controversy can often ensue, partially because the neutrality of the crown is seen to be compromised in favour of a partisan goal.^ I do not wish to, because the Party does not wish it.

 ^ But if you accept the logic of this system, as Kerry does, as the Democratic Party does, then you have to go along with this, because the credibility of the U.S. will be hurt if it pulls out of Iraq.
  • DICTATORSHIP AND DEMOCRACY, AND THE SOCIALIST TRANSITION TO COMMUNISM-- By Bob Avakian 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC rwor.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Our constitutional monarch does not rule nor take sides in any political debate.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 .While political scientists may champion the idea of an "interventionist monarch" as a check against possible illegal action by politicians, the monarchs themselves are often driven by a more pragmatic sense of self-preservation, in which avoiding political controversy can be seen as an important way to retain public legitimacy and popularity.^ This outside force may be "public opinion," the United Nations, a particular country, or international economic and political sanctions.
  • FROM DICTATORSHIP TO DEMOCRACY 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC www.hermanos.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ And though the customers willing to transport themselves this way often arrive in very poor shape (indeed, sometimes dead), Cadillac containers like Rizk's have been seen before.
  • Anarchy at Sea - William Langewiesche 10 February 2010 11:17 UTC www.wesjones.com [Source type: Original source]

 ^ But with all that, it's still not possible for either politicians or the capitalists themselves to stand completely outside of -- or to be entirely or essentially independent of -- this accumulation process of capitalism itself.
  • DICTATORSHIP AND DEMOCRACY, AND THE SOCIALIST TRANSITION TO COMMUNISM-- By Bob Avakian 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC rwor.org [Source type: Original source]
.There also exist today several federal constitutional monarchies.^ The current Australian Constitution and system of Government is as relevant to Australian Citizens today as it was at the time of Federation.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ As the world exists today and as people seek to change it, and particularly in terms of the socialist transformation of society, as I see it there are basically three alternatives that are possible.
  • DICTATORSHIP AND DEMOCRACY, AND THE SOCIALIST TRANSITION TO COMMUNISM-- By Bob Avakian 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC rwor.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ I am not interested in discussing Constitutional Monarchies like England of today.
  • Is Democracy a superior form of government? - Religion & Politics - General Discussion - MMORPG.com Forums 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.mmorpg.com [Source type: Original source]

 .In these countries, each subdivision has a distinct government and head of government, but all subdivisions share a monarch who is head of state of the federation as a united whole.^ The states are all governed almost identically.

 ^ I proposed that Homer and Aristotle might appear at the head of all their commentators; but these were so numerous that some hundreds were forced to attend in the court and outward rooms of the palace.
  • Online Library of Liberty - THE REPUBLIC. - Dialogues, vol. 3 - Republic, Timaeus, Critias 16 January 2010 13:013 UTC oll.libertyfund.org [Source type: Original source]

 ^ Clearly, all political changes originate in divisions of the actual governing power; a government which is united, however small, cannot be moved.
  • Online Library of Liberty - THE REPUBLIC. - Dialogues, vol. 3 - Republic, Timaeus, Critias 16 January 2010 13:013 UTC oll.libertyfund.org [Source type: Original source]

 .The latest country that was completely transformed from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional democratic monarchy is Bhutan.^ As a Constitutional Monarchy, Australia is in the company of countries which represent governance at world's best practice.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ In lists of the world's least corrupt countries, most liveable countries most of the top 10 are monarchies or constitutional monarchies.
  • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

 ^ Without Marxist-Leninist leadership, the proletariat of the capitalist countries would have followed the Social-Democratic line of complete unprincipled unity with their imperialist bourgeoisie.
  • The Role of the Dictatorship of the Proletariat in the International Marxist-Leninist Movement 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC www.mltranslations.org [Source type: Original source]

List of current reigning monarchies

State Last constitution established Type of monarchy Monarch selected by
 Antigua and Barbuda 1981 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Andorra 1993 Co-Principality Selection of Bishop of La Seu d'Urgell and election of French President
 Australia 1901 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 The Bahamas 1973 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Barbados 1966 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Bahrain 2002 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Belgium 1831 Kingdom; popular monarchy[4] Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Belize 1981 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Bhutan 2007 Kingdom Hereditary succession
 Brunei 1959 Sultanate; Islamic absolute monarchy Hereditary succession
 Cambodia 1993 Kingdom Chosen by throne council
 Canada 1982 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Denmark 1953 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Grenada 1974 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Jamaica 1962 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Japan 1946 Empire Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Jordan 1952 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Kuwait 1962 Emirate Hereditary succession directed approval of al-Sabah family and majority of National Assembly
 Lesotho 1993 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed approval of College of Chiefs
 Liechtenstein 1862 Principality Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Luxembourg 1868 Grand duchy Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Malaysia 1957 Elective monarchy; Federal monarchy Selected from nine hereditary Sultans of the Malay states
 Monaco 1911 Principality Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Morocco 1962 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Netherlands 1815 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Norway 1814 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 New Zealand 1907 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Oman 1996 Sultanate; Islamic absolute monarchy Hereditary succession
 Papua New Guinea 1975 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Qatar 2003 Emirate; absolute monarchy Hereditary succession
 Saint Kitts and Nevis 1983 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Saint Lucia 1979 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1979 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Saudi Arabia 1992 Kingdom; Islamic absolute monarchy Hereditary succession
 Solomon Islands 1978 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Spain 1978 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Swaziland 1968 Kingdom; absolute monarchy Hereditary succession
 Sweden 1974 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Thailand 2007 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Tonga 1970 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Tuvalu 1978 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 United Arab Emirates 1971 Federal Union of Emirate
Elective monarchy		 Hereditary succession (Emirate)
President elected from the 7 emir (ruler) of Emirate and elected by Emir only
 United Kingdom 1688 Kingdom Hereditary succession directed by constitution
 Vatican City Theocratic Christian elective monarchy Chosen by College of Cardinals

Previous monarchies

  • The Chinese Empire - last Imperial Chinese rule was by the Qing Dynasty 清朝 1644–1912 - During its reign, the Qing Dynasty became highly integrated with Chinese culture. .However, its military power weakened during the 1800s, and faced with international pressure, massive rebellions and defeats in wars, the Qing Dynasty declined after the mid-19th century.^ Araki embraced Bushido (“The Way of the Warrior”) and permitted officers to wear swords for the first time since the samurai rebellions of the 19th century.
    • Dictatorship : NOVAKEO.COM 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC novakeo.com [Source type: Original source]

     ^ The history of these families was studied in the mid-19th century by Lopold Delisle [1181] .
    • NORMANDY NOBILITY 2 February 2010 16:29 UTC fmg.ac [Source type: Academic]

     ^ International pressures can be very useful, however, when they are supporting a powerful internal resistance movement.
    • FROM DICTATORSHIP TO DEMOCRACY 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC www.hermanos.org [Source type: Original source]

     .The Qing Dynasty was overthrown following the Xinhai Revolution, when the Empress Dowager Longyu abdicated on behalf of the last emperor, Puyi, on February 12, 1912.
  • The Korean Empire (Korean: 대한제국, Hanja: 大韓帝國) from 1897 to 1910 - was a former empire of Korea that succeeded the Joseon Dynasty that ruled the nation over the past 500 years.^ In Malaysia, following constitutional change, the Kings who rule each state lost their national authority: they are using their intra-state authority to provide a national stability that transcends national politics.
    • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     ^ Two turning points that deserve special attention — since the mainstream media continues to ignore them — are last years Democratic and Republican National Conventions.
    • Dictatorship : NOVAKEO.COM 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC novakeo.com [Source type: Original source]

     ^ Take a few days to consider all the changes in the last 500 years where something, which wasn't broken, has been improved.
    • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     .On August 22, 1910, the Korean Empire was annexed by Japan with the Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty, beginning a 35-year period of Korea under Japanese rule.^ Two countries that was ruled under dictatorship era, South Korea and Taiwan, revert from the dictatorship to democracy.
    • Dictatorship is the best path to development 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC debatewise.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ Over the years I have had occasion to get to know people who lived and suffered under Nazi rule, including some who survived concentration camps.
    • FROM DICTATORSHIP TO DEMOCRACY 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC www.hermanos.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ There were two countries that was ruled under dictatorship era, South Korea and Taiwan, that reverted from the dictatorship to democracy.
    • Dictatorship is the best path to development 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC debatewise.org [Source type: Original source]

     .Prior to the Korean Empire, several dynastic rulers of Goguryeo, Silla, Baekje, Balhae and Goryeo claimed the right to imperial status and used imperial titles at one time or another.
  • British America was ruled by the monarchy of the Kingdom of Great Britain from 1607 until the Treaty of Paris in 1783, spanning the early reign of King James I and King George III, who is best remembered as king of the American colonies.^ As the League's historians have written of its values as imperial loyalists: 'The links with Britain and the symbols of loyalty-monarchy, flag, and anthem-are to be defended and sustained'.
    • From Constitutional Convention to Republic Referendum: A Guide to the Processes, the Issues and the Participants (Research Paper 25 1998-99) 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.aph.gov.au [Source type: Original source]

     ^ Originally posted by Xirik Britain was a Monarchy  I believe and it  had the world by the balls for along time.
    • Is Democracy a superior form of government? - Religion & Politics - General Discussion - MMORPG.com Forums 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.mmorpg.com [Source type: Original source]

     ^ The Report gives no clue as to who ran the “X” Team, but the name Alok Tiwari comes-up in another paper, titled “Operation Blue Tulsi.” .

     .Although the United States declared independence from the British Crown on July 4, 1776, Britain continued its war against the colonies until the Treaty of Paris thereby ending British authority towards the colonies from the British Crown.
  • The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, formed after the Union of Lublin in 1569 and lasting until the final partition of the state in 1795, operated much like many modern European constitutional monarchies (into which it was officially changed by the establishment of the Constitution of May 3, 1791) which was the first Monarchy with constitution in the world (second constitution ever after United States).^ This programme is likely to begin towards the end of May, peaking in September.
    • From Constitutional Convention to Republic Referendum: A Guide to the Processes, the Issues and the Participants (Research Paper 25 1998-99) 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.aph.gov.au [Source type: Original source]

     ^ The constitution of the United States, art.
    • Bouvier's Law Dictionary, 1856 Edition - Letter N 2 February 2010 16:29 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ Likes and dislikes exist in many forms.
    • Online Library of Liberty - THE REPUBLIC. - Dialogues, vol. 3 - Republic, Timaeus, Critias 16 January 2010 13:013 UTC oll.libertyfund.org [Source type: Original source]

     .The legislators of the unified state truly did not see it as a monarchy at all, but as a republic under the presidency of the King.^ By now public opinion surveys (see below) suggested that a majority of Australians joined the ALP in supporting in principle the move to a republic, as did the Australian Democrats.
    • From Constitutional Convention to Republic Referendum: A Guide to the Processes, the Issues and the Participants (Research Paper 25 1998-99) 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.aph.gov.au [Source type: Original source]

     ^ Eventually, each of them would govern entire mini-states, but none of them could ever quite manage to bring all of Afghanistan under his faction's control.
    • Freedom or Theocracy?: Constitutionalism inAfghanistan and Iraq 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.law.northwestern.edu [Source type: Original source]

     ^ All heads of states are elitist, be it a monarch, president, or governor.
    • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     .Poland-Lithuania also followed the principle of "Rex regnat et non gubernat", had a bicameral parliament, and a collection of entrenched legal documents amounting to a constitution along the lines of the modern United Kingdom.^ This is a very good video from a collection that this person is doing along the same lines, you may get a really good understanding of what this is all about from this video.
    • Obama Science Advisor Called For “Planetary Regime” To Enforce Totalitarian Population Control Measures 9 February 2010 17:20 UTC www.prisonplanet.com [Source type: Original source]

     ^ In this section"the British Nationality Act 1948" includes any Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom amending that Act.
    • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ The following categories of person, being citizens of the United Kingdom an Colonies immediately before the day of independence, shall automatically become citizens of Belize on the day of independence: i.
    • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

     .The King was elected, and had the duty of maintaining the people's rights.
  • The Anglo-Corsican Kingdom was a brief period in the history of Corsica (1794-1796) when the island broke with Revolutionary France and sought military protection from Great Britain.^ Human-rights campaigners have long maintained that Brazil’s military regime originated the idea of the desaparecidos , “the disappeared”, and exported torture methods across Latin America.
    • Dictatorship : NOVAKEO.COM 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC novakeo.com [Source type: Original source]
    • scientific dictatorship « Therearenosunglasses’s Weblog 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC therearenosunglasses.wordpress.com [Source type: Original source]

     ^ Calendar of Documents preserved in France illustrative of the history of Great Britain and Ireland Vol I 918-1206 (London), 702, p.
    • NORMANDY NOBILITY 2 February 2010 16:29 UTC fmg.ac [Source type: Academic]

     ^ The 1964 constitution gave all Afghan "people" equal rights and obligations before the law, as the 1923 constitution had given all Afghan "subjects" equal rights and duties before the law.
    • Freedom or Theocracy?: Constitutionalism inAfghanistan and Iraq 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.law.northwestern.edu [Source type: Original source]

     .Corsica became an independent kingdom under George III of England, but with its own elected parliament and a written constitution guaranteeing local autonomy and democratic rights.
  • France, several times during the 19th century.^ In this Act "Independence Day" means such day as Her Majesty may by Order in Council appoint; and any Order in Council under this subsection shall be laid before Parliament after being made.
    • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ And one of the things I quoted in that polemic was a statement from Marx in his Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte , which was examining what was happening in France in the second half of the 19th century.
    • DICTATORSHIP AND DEMOCRACY, AND THE SOCIALIST TRANSITION TO COMMUNISM-- By Bob Avakian 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC rwor.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ Araki embraced Bushido (“The Way of the Warrior”) and permitted officers to wear swords for the first time since the samurai rebellions of the 19th century.
    • Dictatorship : NOVAKEO.COM 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC novakeo.com [Source type: Original source]

     .Napoléon Bonaparte proclaimed himself Emperor of the French in what was ostensibly a constitutional monarchy, though modern historians often class his reign as a military dictatorship.^ Specifically, it liberated Afghans and Iraqis from dictatorships with two of the worst human rights records in the world, replacing them with constitutional democracies ostensibly devoted to respecting individual rights.
    • Freedom or Theocracy?: Constitutionalism inAfghanistan and Iraq 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.law.northwestern.edu [Source type: Original source]

     ^ These include military dictatorships, presidential dictatorships, and dynastic monarchies, among others.
    • Dictatorship is the best path to development 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC debatewise.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ The other, Gnaeus Pompeius (106-48 BC), known to the modern historians as Pompey, was a youthful commander of remarkable military talents.

     .The Bourbon Restoration (under Louis XVIII and Charles X), the July Monarchy (under Louis-Philippe), and the Second Empire (under Napoleon III) were also constitutional monarchies, although the power of the monarch varied considerably between them.
  • The German Empire from 1871 to 1918, (as well as earlier confederations, and the monarchies it consisted of) was also a constitutional monarchy—see Constitution of the German Empire.
  • Prior to the Iranian Revolution in 1979, Iran was a constitutional monarchy under Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, which had been originally established during the Persian Constitutional Revolution in 1906.
  • Portugal until 1910 when Manuel II was overthrown by a military coup.
  • Kingdom of Serbia, until 1918, when it merged with the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs into the unitary Yugoslav Kingdom, that was led by the Serbian dynasty of Karadjordjevic
  • Mexico was twice an Empire.^ Instead, they established an Islamic constitutional monarchy that, despite its theocratic aspects, also retained some of the 1923 constitution's gestures towards reform.
    • Freedom or Theocracy?: Constitutionalism inAfghanistan and Iraq 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.law.northwestern.edu [Source type: Original source]

     ^ To secure such an exchange was, as you will remember, one of our principal objects when we formed them into a society and constituted a State.
    • Online Library of Liberty - THE REPUBLIC. - Dialogues, vol. 3 - Republic, Timaeus, Critias 16 January 2010 13:013 UTC oll.libertyfund.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ The neocons have been barking democratic-revolution for Iran, especially Ledeen, instead of military action since the Iraq war began.
    • Dictatorship : NOVAKEO.COM 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC novakeo.com [Source type: Original source]

     .First from July 21, 1822, to March 19, 1823, with Agustín de Iturbide serving as emperor.^ GUILLAUME de Moulins-la-Marche , son of GAUTHIER de Falaise & his wife --- (-19 Oct ----, bur Saint-Evroul [2125] ).
    • NORMANDY NOBILITY 2 February 2010 16:29 UTC fmg.ac [Source type: Academic]

     Then, with the help of the Austrian and Spanish crowns, Napoleon III of France installed Maximilian of Habsburg as Emperor of Mexico. .This attempt to create a European-style monarchy lasted three years, from 1864 to 1867.
  • Brazil from 1815 (United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and Algarves) until 1822, with the proclamation of independence and rise of the Empire of Brazil by Pedro I of Brazil.^ The protesters staged their demonstration to coincide with the G8 summit at Strelna where the leaders of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the United Kingdom, the United States and the European Union wound up their three day meeting today.

     ^ The following categories of person, being citizens of the United Kingdom an Colonies immediately before the day of independence, shall automatically become citizens of Belize on the day of independence: i.
    • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ Every person who, having been born in Belize, is immediately before Independence Day a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies shall become a citizen of Belize on Independence Day.
    • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

     .The empire ended in 1889, when Pedro II was deposed by a military coup.
  • Hawaiʻi was a constitutional monarchy from the unification of the smaller independent chiefdoms of Oʻahu, Maui, Molokaʻi, Lānaʻi, and the Hawaiʻi (or the "Big Island") in 1810 until the overthrow of Queen Liliʻuokalani in 1893 by conspirators from United States.
  • The Grand Duchy of Finland was a constitutional monarchy though its ruler, Alexander I, was simultaneously an autocrat and absolute ruler in Russia.
  • The Kingdom of Hungary.^ The constitution of the United States, art.
    • Bouvier's Law Dictionary, 1856 Edition - Letter N 2 February 2010 16:29 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ Belize shall become a constitutional monarchy with The Queen as Head of State.
    • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ Absolute Monarchy is for squids though.
    • Is Democracy a superior form of government? - Religion & Politics - General Discussion - MMORPG.com Forums 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.mmorpg.com [Source type: Original source]

     In 1848–1849 and 1867–1918 as part of Austria-Hungary. .In the interwar period (1920–1944) Hungary remained a constitutional monarchy without a reigning monarch.
  • Montenegro until 1918 when it merged with Serbia and other areas to form Yugoslavia.
  • Yugoslavia until 1945 when Peter II was deposed by the communist government.
  • Kingdom of Romania until 1947 when Michael I was forced to abdicate at gunpoint by the communists.
  • Bulgaria until 1946 when Tsar Simeon was deposed by the communist assembly.
  • Greece until 1967 when Constantine II was deposed by the military government.^ So the monarchy are indeed not any different to any other form of government.
    • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     ^ It shall comprise the territories which have hitherto constituted the Colony of Belize, including all Cays and other islands, and waters, forming part of the Colony.
    • http://www.constitution.org/cons/belize.htm 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ And of the "healthy, stable constitutional monarchies" how many are ruled by a foreign monarch?
    • ABC The Drum Unleashed - Why this Prince is no president 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.abc.net.au [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]

     The decision was formalised by a plebiscite in 05/04/1974.
  • Italy until June 2, 1946, when a referendum proclaimed the end of the Kingdom and the begin of the Republic.
  • Many Commonwealth republics were constitutional monarchies for some period after their independence.
  • Nepal until May 28, 2008, when King Gyanendra was deposed, and the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal was declared.

Other situations

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Baron de Montesquieu, The Spirit of Laws. Legal Classics Library, 1924.
  2. ^ www.monarchist.org.au
  3. ^ "A Royal Occasion speeches". Worldhop.com Journal. 1996. http://www.worldhop.com/Journals/J5/ROYAL.HTM. Retrieved 2006-07-05. 
  4. ^ Belgium is the only existing popular monarchy — a system in which the monarch's title is linked to the people rather than a state. The title of Belgian kings is not King of Belgium, but instead King of the Belgians. Another unique feature of the Belgian system is that the new monarch does not automatically assume the throne at the death or abdication of his predecessor; he only becomes monarch upon taking a constitutional oath.

References

  • G. W. F. Hegel, Elements of the Philosophy of Right (Allen W. Wood, ed., H.B. Nisbet, trans.) .Cambridge University Press, 1991. ISBN 0-521-34438-7 (originally published as Georg Friedrich Wilhelm Hegel, Philosophie des Rechts, 1820).
  • John Locke, Two Treatises of Government and A Letter Concerning Toleration.^ Being dissatisfied with the form of government, the proprietaries procured the celebrated John Locke to draw a plan of government for the colony, which was adopted and proved to be impracticable; it was highly exceptionable on account of its disregard of the principles of religious toleration and national liberty, which are now universally admitted.
    • Bouvier's Law Dictionary, 1856 Edition - Letter N 2 February 2010 16:29 UTC www.constitution.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ The translation was originally published in Nonviolent Sanctions: News from the Albert Einstein Institution (Cambridge, Mass.
    • FROM DICTATORSHIP TO DEMOCRACY 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC www.hermanos.org [Source type: Original source]

     ^ The duchy of Gaeta and its neighbours, 850-1139 (Cambridge University Press), p.
    • NORMANDY NOBILITY 2 February 2010 16:29 UTC fmg.ac [Source type: Academic]

     (Ian Shapiro, ed., with essays by John Dunn, Ruth W. Grant and Ian Shapiro.) .New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003 (Two Treatises first pub.^ The first item on the agenda of such a convention, for which two-thirds of the delegates would be directly elected by the people, would be to review the operation of the new system of government.
    • From Constitutional Convention to Republic Referendum: A Guide to the Processes, the Issues and the Participants (Research Paper 25 1998-99) 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.aph.gov.au [Source type: Original source]

     ^ Oxford University Press, 1986; Reprinted with a new introduction, Oxford University Press, 1994.
    • From Constitutional Convention to Republic Referendum: A Guide to the Processes, the Issues and the Participants (Research Paper 25 1998-99) 10 February 2010 13:42 UTC www.aph.gov.au [Source type: Original source]

     ^ See Gene Sharp, Civilian-Based Defense: A Post-Military Weapons System (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1990).
    • FROM DICTATORSHIP TO DEMOCRACY 1 February 2010 7:40 UTC www.hermanos.org [Source type: Original source]

     1690). ISBN 0-300-10017-5.

Simple English

Redirecting to Monarchy


Citable sentences

Up to date as of December 30, 2010

Here are sentences from other pages on Constitutional monarchy, which are similar to those in the above article.








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