From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Corruption or bastardisation
is a way of referring to certain changes in a language. The most common way that a word can
be said to be corrupted is the change of its spelling through errors and gradual changes in
comprehension,
transcription, and hearing. This
is especially common with words borrowed from another language. For
example Guangzhou was
formerly known as "Canton" in English, which is a transliteration
of Guangdong following
the rules of French sound structures. The terms
"corruption" and "bastardisation" are rooted in prescriptivist theories of language.
Language corruption may refer to two similar
things:
Text bastardisation is:
- Unauthorized alteration and publication of a text inconsistent with the original purpose or
the author's intention. For example:
|
“ |
A year after rejecting the
novel, Gallimard published a bastardised text
called Ravages, which dispensed with the first, sexually explicit
pages of the manuscript. |
„ |
|
History
In the past, with unstandardized spelling for English and other
languages, a word would be pronounced differently by people who
encountered the word in text and not speech. Eventually, such
changes could become standardized. A large number of these changes
occurred during the 19th century. English is now highly
standardized with some dialectal variation.
The mass written communication of the Internet promotes even
greater standardization; however, its informal nature often
encourages intentional language changes. In online interactive
games, chat rooms and other situations, common typographical errors and attempts
at humor have created a number of new alternate spellings (see
leet).
Examples
Some commonly known words and phrases which are the result of
linguistic corruption include:
- "vamoose" (from the Spanish verb
vamos, which means "Let's go")[1]
- "Cajun" (from "Acadian")[2]
- "spitting image" (from "spit and
image" or "spirit and image")[3]
- "parting shot" (from "Parthian shot")[4]
- "That doesn't jive (with the facts)" (from "That
doesn't jibe with the facts")[5]
- tow the line (from "toe the line")[6]
- the common use of "acronym" instead of "abbreviation" for
abbreviations that are not acronyms ("laser" and "AIDS" are
acronyms, while "GOP" and "HIV" are not)
See also
References
- ^
Gonzaléz, Félix Rodriguez (1996). Spanish Loanwords in the
English Language. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. p. 39.
ISBN 3110148455. http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=09NEuGHh2R8C&oi=fnd&pg=PA13&dq=vamoose+etymology&ots=kdXrDgNSd_&sig=1ictfPe1YRmm6TfO4tn5flT6m2Q#PPA39,M1.
- ^
Webre, Steven (Autumn, 1998). "Among the Cybercajuns: Constructing Identity in the
Virtual Diaspora". Louisiana History: the Journal of the
Louisiana Historical Association 39 (4):
443–456. http://www.jstor.org/pss/4233537.
- ^
Horn, Laurence R. (Spring 2004). "Spitten image :
Etymythology and Fluid Dynamics". American Speech
79 (1): 33–58. doi:10.1215/00031283-79-1-33. http://muse.jhu.edu/login?uri=/journals/american_speech/v079/79.1horn.pdf.
- ^
Findley, Carter V (2005). The Turks in World
History. Oxford University Press. p. 26. ISBN 0195177266. http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=2_41FJ-pgRAC&oi=fnd&pg=PP14&dq=%22parting+shot%22+parthian&ots=OABZ4IWUc1&sig=j9_1oRAP9muQNGMzZp6f6o14vPI#PPA26,M1.
- ^
"The Mavens' Word of the Day
(for July 11, 2000)". Random House. http://www.randomhouse.com/wotd/index.pperl?date=20000711. Retrieved
2009-02-12.
- ^
Hodgson, Charles (2007). Carnal Knowledge: A Navel
Gazer's Dictionary of Anatomy, Etymology, and Trivia. New
York: St. Martin's Griffin. pp. 208–209. ISBN 0312371217. http://books.google.com/books?id=IAzfurRydecC&pg=PA208&dq=%22tow+the+line%22#PPA209,M1.