| Election Commission of India | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Election Commission of India | |
| Agency overview | |
| Formed | January 25, 1950 |
| Jurisdiction |  Government
of India |
| Headquarters | New Delhi |
| Agency executives | Navin Chawla,
Chief Election
Commissioner S.Y. Quraishi, Election Commissioner V.S. Sampath, Election Commissioner |
| Website | |
| http://eci.nic.in/ | |
The Election Commission of India is an autonomous, quasi-judiciary constitutional body of India. Its mission is to conduct free and fair elections in India. It was established on January 25, 1950[1] under Article 324 of the Constitution of India.
Contents |
The commission presently consists of a Chief Election Commissioner and two Election Commissioners,appointed by the president.
Until October 1989, there was just one Chief Election Commissioner. In 1989, two Election Commissioners were appointed, but were removed again in January 1990. In 1991, however, the Parliament of India passed a law providing for the appointment of two Election Commissioners. This law was amended and renamed in 1993 as the Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners (Conditions of Service) Amendment Act 1993. As of Tuesday, April 21, 2009, the CEC is Navin Chawla. The two Election Commissioners are S.Y. Quraishi and former Power Secretary V.S. Sampath[2].Establishment of commission is on Jan 25, 1950 before one day of Republic Day.
The Chief Election Commissioner may be removed from his office in like manner and on the like grounds as a judge of the Supreme Court.It means the Chief Election Commissioner may be removed from office by Parliament by passing a resolution to that effect,passed by special majority on the ground of proved misbehaviour.Other Election Commissioner may be removed by the President on the recommendation of the Chief Election Commissioner. Salary of chief election commissioner is same as justice of supreme court of India. All three commissioner have same right of taking a decision. Tenure of commissioners is 6 years or upto age of 65, which one is completed. The Election Commission of India has completed more than 300 elections.
The Election Commission enjoys complete autonomy and is insulated from any kind of executive interference. The body also functions as a quasi-judiciary body in matters of electoral disputes and other matters involving the conduct of elections. Its recommendations and opinions are binding on the President of India. However, the decisions of the body are liable for independent judiciary reviews by courts acting on electoral petitions.
The Election Commission is responsible for planning and executing a whole amount of complex operations that go into the conduct of elections. During the elections, the entire Central (Federal) and State government machinery including para-military forces and the Police is deemed to be on deputation to the Election Commission which takes effective control of personnel, movable and immovable Government Properties it deems necessary for successful completion of the electoral process. The Apart from conducting elections to representative bodies, the Election Commission has been on many occasions, called upon by the Courts to oversee and execute elections to various governing bodies of other autonomous organisations, such as Syndicates of Universities, statutory professional bodies, etc.
The following are the principal functions of the Election Commission of India:
1. Demarcation of Constituencies
2. Preparation of Electoral Rolls
3. Recognition of Political parties and allotment of symbols
4. Scrutiny of nomination papers
5. Conduct of polls
6. Scrutiny of election expenses of candidates
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The following have held the post of the Chief Election Commissioner of India [3]
The President appoints Chief Election Commissioner and Election Commissioners. Chief Election Commissioner and Election Commissioners have tenure of six years, or up to the age of 65 years and 62 years respectively, whichever is earlier. They enjoy the same status and receive salary and perks as available to Judges of the Supreme Court of India. The Chief Election Commissioner can be removed from office only through impeachment by Parliament.
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