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Elections of the Republic of China (ROC)
gives information on election and election results in the Republic of China (traditional Chinese:
中華民國; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínguó)
with effective control over Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu
and some islands in
the South China Sea since 1949. The Republic of China elects on
national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a
four year term by the people. Prior to 2007, the Legislative
Yuan (Lifa Yuan 立法院) had 225 members, 168 members
elected for a three year term in multi-seat constituencies, 8 members representing the
aboriginals, 41 members elected by proportional representation and
8 members representing the overseas Chinese elected by proportional
representation. Amid 70% public support, the Legislative Yuan
voted 217-1 on August 23, 2004 for a package of amendments to:
- halve the number of seats from 225 to 113
- switch to a single-member district parallel voting electoral
system
- increase the terms of members from 3 to 4 years, to synchronize
the legislative and presidential elections. (It is unclear whether
this will be implemented for the next presidential and legislative
elections with small parties opposing the move, because it would
reduce their chances of getting better results)
The new electoral system will include 73 plurality seats (one
for each electoral district), 6 seats for aboriginals, with the
remaining 34 seats to be filled from party lists. Every county has
a minimum of 1 electoral district, thereby guaranteed at least one
seat in the legislature, while party lists for the proportionally
represented seats must be half women. Members for this 34 party
lists seats shall be elected from the lists of political parties in
proportion to the number of votes won by each party that obtains at
least 5 percent of the total vote on the Free Area of the
Republic of China (中華民國自由地區).
The ROC has a multi-party system, but there are
only a few major parties organized into two factions: the Pan-Blue
Coalition and the Pan-Green Coalition.
Latest
elections
2008
Presidential election
2008
Legislative election
Summary of the Republic of China
Legislative Yuan elections, 2008[1]
| Parties |
Constituency and
Aboriginal |
Party list |
Total seats |
| Votes |
% |
+/−[2] |
Seats |
Votes |
% |
Seats |
Outgoing |
% |
Incoming |
% |
+/−[2] |
| |
 Kuomintang registration |
5,291,512 |
53.5 |
+20.7 |
61 |
5,010,801 |
51.2 |
20 |
90 |
40.0 |
81 |
71.7 |
+31.7 |
| Kuomintang |
54 |
17 |
85 |
71 |
 People First
Party co-nomination[3] |
5 |
3 |
- |
8 |
 New Party
endorsement[4] |
2 |
- |
5 |
2 |
 Non-Partisan Solidarity
Union[5] |
239,317 |
2.4 |
-1.2 |
3 |
68,527 |
0.7 |
0 |
8 |
3.6 |
3 |
2.7 |
-0.9 |
| People First
Party[3] |
28,254 |
0.3 |
-13.3 |
1 |
- |
- |
- |
20 |
8.9 |
1 |
0.9 |
-8.0 |
| New Party[4] |
- |
- |
(-0.1) |
- |
386,660 |
4.0 |
0 |
- |
- |
0 |
0 |
- |
| Pan-Blue
coalition[6] |
5,559,083 |
56.2 |
+5.7 |
65 |
5,465,988 |
55.9 |
20 |
118 |
52.4 |
85 |
75.2 |
+22.8 |
| |
 Democratic Progressive
Party |
3,775,352 |
38.2 |
+2.5 |
13 |
3,610,106 |
36.9 |
14 |
90 |
40.0 |
27 |
23.9 |
-16.1 |
 Taiwan Solidarity Union |
93,840 |
0.9 |
-6.9 |
0 |
344,887 |
3.5 |
0 |
7 |
3.1 |
0 |
0 |
-3.1 |
| Taiwan Constitution
Association |
3,926 |
<0.1 |
|
0 |
30,315 |
0.3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Pan-Green
coalition |
3,863,118 |
39.1 |
-4.4 |
13 |
3,954,993 |
40.7 |
14 |
97 |
43.1 |
27 |
23.9 |
-19.2 |
| |
Home
Party |
6,355 |
<0.1 |
|
0 |
77,870 |
0.8 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Green Party Taiwan |
14,767 |
0.1 |
|
0 |
58,473 |
0.6 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Taiwan Farmers'
Party |
8,681 |
<0.1 |
|
0 |
57,144 |
0.6 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Civil Party |
6,562 |
<0.1 |
|
0 |
48,192 |
0.5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Third Society Party |
10,057 |
0.1 |
|
0 |
45,594 |
0.5 |
0 |
1 |
0.4 |
0 |
0 |
-0.4 |
| Hakka
Party |
8,860 |
<0.1 |
|
0 |
42,004 |
0.4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
 Independents[6] |
393,346 |
4.0 |
-1.9 |
1 |
- |
- |
- |
1 |
0.4 |
1 |
0.9 |
+0.5 |
| Vacant |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
8 |
3.6 |
- |
- |
- |
| Total[7] |
10,050,619 |
- |
- |
- |
10,076,239 |
- |
- |
225 |
100 |
113 |
100 |
- |
2005 National Assembly
election
e • d
Summary of the 14 May 2005 Republic of China National Assembly election results
|
Parties |
Votes |
% |
Seats |
| Parties in favor of the
amendments |
249 |
| Democratic Progressive
Party |
1,647,791 |
42.52 |
127 |
| Kuomintang |
1,508,384 |
38.92 |
117 |
| ___ Chinese People's Party |
41,940 |
1.08 |
3 |
| ___ Peasant Party |
15,516 |
0.40 |
1 |
| ___ Civil Party |
8,609 |
0.22 |
1 |
| Parties not in favor of the
amendments |
51 |
| Taiwan Solidarity Union |
273,147 |
7.05 |
21 |
| People First
Party |
236,716 |
6.11 |
18 |
| ___ 150 persons union led by Jhang Ya Jhong |
65,081 |
1.68 |
5 |
| New Party |
34,253 |
0.88 |
3 |
| Non-Partisan Solidarity
Union |
25,162 |
0.65 |
2 |
 Taiwan Independence
Party |
11,500 |
0.30 |
1 |
| ___ 20 persons union led by Wang Ting Sing |
7,499 |
0.19 |
1 |
|
Total (turnout ) |
|
|
300 |
2004
Legislative election
e • d
Summary of the 11 December 2004 Republic of China Legislative
Yuan election
results
| Coalitions and
parties |
Votes |
% |
Seats |
Change |
| Pan-Blue Coalition |
|
|
114 |
-1 |
| Kuomintang 中國國民黨 (Zhongguo Guomin
Dang,KMT) |
3,190,081 |
34.90 |
79 |
+11 |
| People First
Party 親民黨 (Qinmin Dang) |
1,350,613 |
14.78 |
34 |
–12 |
| New Party 新黨 (Xin
Dang) |
12,137 |
0.13 |
1 |
|
| Pan-Green Coalition |
|
|
101 |
+1 |
| Democratic Progressive
Party 民主進步黨 (Minzhu Jinbu Dang) |
3,471,429 |
37.98 |
89 |
+2 |
| Taiwan Solidarity Union 台灣團結聯盟
(Taiwan Tuanjie Lianmeng) |
756,712 |
8.28 |
12 |
–1 |
| Others |
|
|
10 |
|
| Non-Partisan Solidarity
Union |
353,164 |
3.86 |
6 |
–5 |
| Independent |
|
|
4 |
|
|
Total (turnout ) |
9,140,067 |
100% |
225 |
|
| 5% vote threshold needed for
proportional seat assignment |
2004
Presidential election
e • d
Summary of the 20 March 2004 Republic of China presidential election
results
| Candidates and
nominating parties |
Votes |
% |
Votes
before recount |
Chen Shui-bian and Annette Lu
|
6,446,900 |
50.11 |
  |
6,471,970 |
Lien
Chan and James C.Y.
Soong
|
6,423,906 |
49.89 |
 |
6,442,452 |
|
Total (turnout 80.28 %) |
12,914,422 |
100.0 |
|
| Invalid votes |
337,297 |
|
| Votes cast |
13,251,719 |
Past
elections
NB: Does not include the 1948
election held in the Republic of China before the fall of mainland China to
the communist government of the People's Republic of China.
The terms of those elected from mainland seats lasted until
December 31, 1991.
Party
elections
See also
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