From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about various sports known as "football". For information about the balls used in these sports, see
Football (ball). For the different uses and meanings of the word in the English language, see
Football (word).
.^ He was also named first team All-OAC. .- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ He nailed all three of his field-goal attempts of 32, 25, and 32 yards; and all four extra points.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ WESTERVILLE, OHIO—Six members of the 2007 Otterbein football team were selected to All-Ohio Athletic Conference (OAC) teams, the OAC released today.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
.^ Otterbein, 8-1 overall, needs just one more win to set a school record for most wins in a season.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Capital has the series at 41-38-3, however, since football was not recognized as an official varsity sport at Capital until 1923.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ European Convention on Spectator Violence and Misbehaviour at Sports Events and in Particular at Football Matches..
.^ Association Football and English Society 1863-1915 .
^ The Cardinals, 6-0 overall and 5-0 in the OAC, come into the game locked in a first-place tie with Mount Union (6-0, 5-0) in league play.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ With the win, Otterbein cracked the Top 25 in both the American Football Coaches Association poll, 24th, and D3football.com poll, 25th.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
These variations are known as "codes".
Common elements
The various codes of football share the following elements in common:
- Two teams of usually between 11 and 18 players; some variations that have fewer players (five or more per team) are also popular.
- A clearly defined area in which to play the game.
- Scoring goals or points, by moving the ball to an opposing team's end of the field and either into a goal area, or over a line.
- Goals or points resulting from players putting the ball between two goalposts.
- The goal or line being defended by the opposing team.
- Players being required to move the ball—depending on the code—by kicking, carrying, or hand-passing the ball.
- Players using only their body to move the ball.
.^ "Mike (Detwiler) is probably the most under-utilized player in our offense," said Loth.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
.^ Senior wide receiver Dan Gendron caught four balls for 90 yards, including a 21-yard touchdown reception for Otterbein’s first score of the game.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Senior wide receiver Dan Gendron scored on a 92-yard kickoff return and was named OAC “player of the week” on special teams.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Senior receiver Ryan Rowley hauled in eight balls for 107 yards and two scores in the game while Yates did not play due to injury.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
.^ You add Jack Rafferty and Dan Gendron to the mix and we have four pretty good ball carriers on the field at the same time.” .- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Otterbein gained 122 rushing yards on 20 carries, throwing the ball just two times in the quarter.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ The Cardinals have played to a 6-2 record since losing to Ohio Northern, 27-14, at home in the fourth game of last season.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
However, most of the modern codes of football have their origins in
England[1].
Etymology
.^ Senior receiver Ryan Rowley hauled in eight balls for 107 yards and two scores in the game while Yates did not play due to injury.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Otterbein and Heidelberg played the first intercollegiate football game in Germany in 1992.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Defensively, we played a second-straight solid football game,” said Otterbein head coach Joe Loth.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
[2] .^ In J.H. Goldstein (ed), Sports, Games and Play .
.^ Just play smart football.” .- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ The Cardinals played a near flawless game—committing just one turnover—against one of the best defenses in the nation on their way to their third-consecutive win.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Senior receiver Ryan Rowley hauled in eight balls for 107 yards and two scores in the game while Yates did not play due to injury.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
.^ The game ball will be delivered to the Otterbein captains via air mail as an Army soldier is expected to parachute onto the field with the football at 1:56 p.m.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
Present day codes and families
Association football and descendants
- Association football, also known as football, soccer, footy and footie
- Indoor/basketball court varieties of Football:
- Five-a-side football — played throughout the world under various rules including:
- Futsal — the FIFA-approved five-a-side indoor game
- Minivoetbal — the five-a-side indoor game played in East and West Flanders where it is hugely popular
- Papi fut the five-a-side game played in outdoor basketball courts (built with goals) in Central America.
- Indoor soccer — the six-a-side indoor game, known in Latin America, where it is often played in open air venues, as fútbol rápido ("fast football")
- Masters Football six-a-side played in Europe by mature professionals (35 years and older)
- Paralympic football — modified Football for athletes with a disability.^ Defiance, under fourth-year head coach Robert Taylor, comes into the game off a 35-9 nonconference loss to Adrian last Saturday in Defiance.
- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ The senior class enters today’s game with a 20-19 record over its four years of play and has an opportunity to leave Otterbein with a winning record, something not done since the class of 1982.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Otterbein and Heidelberg have been battling for the Rhine River Cup ever since the two teams played the first-ever collegiate football game in Frankfurt, Germany in 1992, which ended in a 7-7 tie.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
[3] Includes:
- Beach soccer — football played on sand, also known as beach football and sand soccer
- Street football — encompasses a number of informal varieties of football
- Rush goalie — is a variation of football in which the role of the goalkeeper is more flexible than normal
- Headers and volleys — where the aim is to score goals against a goalkeeper using only headers and volleys
- Crab football — players stand on their hands and feet and move around on their backs whilst playing football as normal
- Swamp soccer — the game is played on a swamp or bog field
Rugby school football and descendants
- Rugby football
- Rugby league — often referred to simply as "league", and usually known simply as "football" or "footy" in the Australian states of New South Wales and Queensland.
- Rugby union
- Beach rugby — rugby played on sand
- Touch rugby — generic name for forms of rugby football which do not feature tackles
- Gridiron football
- American football — called "football" in the United States and Canada, and "gridiron" in Australia and New Zealand.^ It's a whole new ball game: Sports television, the cultural industries and the condition of football in England in 1993.
^ For additional information, see below: Kieran Johnson —Named first team All-OAC and second team Football Gazette All-North Region in 2006.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Otterbein and Heidelberg played the first intercollegiate football game in Germany in 1992.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
Sometimes called "tackle football" to distinguish it from the touch versions
- Indoor football, arena football — an indoor version of American football
- Nine-man football, eight-man football, six-man football — versions of tackle football, played primarily by smaller high schools that lack enough players to field full 11-man teams
- Touch football (American) — non-tackle American football
- Flag football — non-tackle American football, like touch football, in which a flag that is held by velcro on a belt tied around the waist is pulled by defenders to indicate a tackle
- Street football (American) — American football played in backyards without equipment and with simplified rules
- Canadian football — called simply "football" in Canada; "football" in Canada can mean either Canadian or American football depending on context
- Canadian flag football — non-tackle Canadian football
- Nine-man football — similar to nine-man American football, but using Canadian rules; played by smaller schools in Saskatchewan that lack enough players to field full 12-man teams
Irish and Australian varieties
These codes have in common the absence of an offside rule, the requirement to bounce or solo (toe-kick) the ball while running, handpassing by punching or tapping the ball rather than throwing it, and other traditions.
.^ Heidelberg and Otterbein played the first college football game in Germany, which ended in a 7-7 tie in Frankfurt in 1992.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Capital still had a one more chance, recovering the ensuing squib kick at the Otterbein 48-yard line with 38 seconds to play.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Stelzer, a two-year letterman on the defensive line, has registered 31 total tackles on the year (13 solo, 18 assisted.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
Superules) — reduced contact version introduced for competitions limited to players over 30 years of age
Women's Australian rules football — played with a smaller ball and (sometimes) reduced contact version introduced for women's competition
Gaelic football — Played predominantly in Ireland. Sometimes referred to as "football" or "gaah" (from 'GAA', the acronym for Gaelic Athletic Association)
International rules football — a compromise code used for games between Gaelic and Australian Rules players
Surviving mediæval ball games
.^ The game ball will be delivered to the Otterbein captains via air mail as an Army soldier is expected to parachute onto the field with the football at 1:56 p.m.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
(Photographer: Gary Austin.)
Inside the UK
Outside the UK
Surviving UK school games
Recent inventions and hybrid games
- Keepie uppie (keep up)
- is the art of juggling with a football using feet, knees, chest, shoulders, and head.
- Footbag
- is a small bean bag or sand bag used as a ball in a number of keepie uppie variations, including hacky sack (which is a trade mark).
- Freestyle football
- a modern take on keepie uppie where freestylers are graded for their entertainment value and expression of skill.
Based on FA rules
Based on rugby
- Force ’em backs a.k.a. forcing back, forcemanback
Hybrid games
- Austus
- a compromise between Australian rules and American football, invented in Melbourne during World War II.
- Bossaball
- mixes Association football and volleyball and gymnastics; played on inflatables and trampolines.
- Footvolley
- mixes Association football and beach volleyball; played on sand
- Kickball
- a hybrid of Association football and baseball, invented in the United States in about 1942.
- Speedball (American)
- a combination of American football, soccer, and basketball, devised in the United States in 1912.
- Universal football
- A hybrid of Australian rules and rugby league, trialled in Sydney in 1933.[4]
- Volata
- a game resembling Association football and European handball, devised by Italian fascist leader, Augusto Turati, in the 1920s.
- Wheelchair rugby
- also known as Murderball, invented in Canada in 1977. Based on ice hockey and basketball rather than rugby.
Tabletop games and other recreations
Based on rugby
History
Early history
Ancient games
Ancient Greek football player balancing the ball. Depiction on an
Attic Lekythos.
.^ Otterbein used the big play to break the game open.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Senior receiver Ryan Rowley hauled in eight balls for 107 yards and two scores in the game while Yates did not play due to injury.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Bethany is known to start most games with a trick play,” Loth said.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
The Roman game
harpastum is believed to have been adapted from a team game known as "επισκυρος" (
episkyros) or
phaininda, which is mentioned by a Greek playwright,
Antiphanes (388–311 BC) and later referred to by the
Christian theologian
Clement of Alexandria (c.150-c.215 AD). The Roman politician
Cicero (106-43 BC) describes the case of a man who was killed whilst having a shave when a ball was kicked into a barber's shop. These games appear to have resembled
rugby football.
.^ The game ball will be delivered to the Otterbein captains via air mail as an Army soldier is expected to parachute onto the field with the football at 1:56 p.m.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
[5][6]
Documented evidence of an activity resembling football can be found in the Chinese
military manual
Zhan Guo Ce compiled between the 3rd century and 1st century BC.
[7] It describes a practice known as
cuju (蹴鞠, literally "kick ball"), which originally involved kicking a leather ball through a small hole in a piece of
silk cloth which was fixed on bamboo canes and hung about 9 m above ground. During the
Han Dynasty (206 BC–220 AD), cuju games were standardized and rules were established. Variations of this game later spread to Japan and
Korea, known as
kemari and
chuk-guk respectively.
.^ Senior receiver Ryan Rowley hauled in eight balls for 107 yards and two scores in the game while Yates did not play due to injury.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ We came prepared and played as well as I thought we would.” Senior place-kicker and punter B.J. Wanninger was selected “player of the game” by the Otterbein coaching staff.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ If anyone has attended one of our games, they will realize that the decisions and plays he makes to help us through tough situations are what makes him so valuable."- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
. Also, two different types of goal posts emerged: One was made by setting up posts with a net between them and the other consisted of just one goal post in the middle of the field.
^ Brewer, who also handles the punting for Otterbein, made all five of his extra-point attempts along with the 21-yard field goal.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Trailing 13-3 at the half, Otterbein came out in the second half and scored first, a 23-yard field goal by Shirvanian made it a 13-6 game.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Woodfork made 60 tackles, broke up five pass attempts and forced two fumbles in 2009.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
The Japanese version of
cuju is
kemari (蹴鞠), and was developed during the
Asuka period. This is known to have been played within the Japanese imperial court in
Kyoto from about 600 AD. In
kemari several people stand in a circle and kick a ball to each other, trying not to let the ball drop to the ground (much like
keepie uppie). The game appears to have died out sometime before the mid-19th century. It was revived in 1903 and is now played at a number of festivals.
An illustration from the 1850s of
Australian Aboriginal hunter gatherers.
.^ Otterbein and Heidelberg played the first intercollegiate football game in Germany in 1992.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Defensively, we played a second-straight solid football game,” said Otterbein head coach Joe Loth.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Paul played an outstanding football game,” Loth said.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
[8]
.^ Senior receiver Ryan Rowley hauled in eight balls for 107 yards and two scores in the game while Yates did not play due to injury.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ In the kicking game,” Loth continued, “we graduated B.J. Wanninger, but David Brewer played a lot last year as the number-two kicker.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
For example, in 1586, men from a ship commanded by an English explorer named
John Davis, went ashore to play a form of football with
Inuit (Eskimo) people in
Greenland.
[9] .^ Otterbein responded after converting on 3rd and 15 and, two plays later, Rafferty scored on a one-yard run to tie the game at 27.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
Each match began with two teams facing each other in parallel lines, before attempting to kick the ball through each other team's line and then at a goal.
.^ The senior class enters today’s game with a 20-19 record over its four years of play and has an opportunity to leave Otterbein with a winning record, something not done since the class of 1982.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ The Cardinals have played to a 6-2 record since losing to Ohio Northern, 27-14, at home in the fourth game of last season.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
.^ Senior receiver Ryan Rowley hauled in eight balls for 107 yards and two scores in the game while Yates did not play due to injury.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
An 1878 book by
Robert Brough-Smyth,
The Aborigines of Victoria, quotes a man called Richard Thomas as saying, in about 1841, that he had witnessed Aboriginal people playing the game: "Mr Thomas describes how the foremost player will drop kick a ball made from the skin of a
possum and how other players leap into the air in order to catch it." It is widely believed that
Marn Grook had an influence on the development of
Australian rules football (see below).
.^ Whoever has the most big plays or stops the other team from having big plays will probably win the game,” Loth said.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ After going into the half trailing 13-7, B-W came out firing in the second half and scored 20 unanswered points.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ The Cardinals made it a two-possession game following Brewer’s 36-yard field goal with 4:34 to play.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
.^ The senior class enters today’s game with a 20-19 record over its four years of play and has an opportunity to leave Otterbein with a winning record, something not done since the class of 1982.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Heidelberg and Otterbein played the first college football game in Germany, which ended in a 7-7 tie in Frankfurt in 1992.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Otterbein and Heidelberg have been battling for the Rhine River Cup ever since the two teams played the first-ever collegiate football game in Frankfurt, Germany in 1992, which ended in a 7-7 tie.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
Northeastern American Indians, especially the
Iroquois Confederation, played a game which made use of net racquets to throw and catch a small ball; however, although a ball-goal foot game,
lacrosse (as its modern descendant is called) is likewise not usually classed as a form of "football."
.^ Northern comes into the game off back-to-back losses to nationally-ranked teams, losing on the road at 8th-ranked North Central, 20-3, Sept.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Junior running back Colton Coy, who entered the game averaging 121 rushing yards a game, scored Otterbein’s other touchdown, an 8-yard run.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ We were obviously working on developing other areas of our offense during that game, but we need to get back to our commitment to being balanced on offense for us to have continued success this season.” .- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
However, the main sources of modern football codes appear to lie in western Europe, especially
England.
Medieval and early modern Europe
.^ Scotland against England: Football and popular culture.
.^ It's a whole new ball game: Sports television, the cultural industries and the condition of football in England in 1993.
^ Senior receiver Ryan Rowley hauled in eight balls for 107 yards and two scores in the game while Yates did not play due to injury.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Otterbein will play Bethany (WV) the next two seasons in its only out-of-conference game.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
.^ Coach Loth said Saturday’s game could come down to the big play.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ It's a whole new ball game: Sports television, the cultural industries and the condition of football in England in 1993.
^ Otterbein and Heidelberg played the first intercollegiate football game in Germany in 1992.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
.^ Capital is the most talented team that we have played up to this point,” said head coach Joe Loth, who is in his sixth season at his alma mater.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Otterbein did set a school record for most points in a season, 362, surpassing the 1960 team, who scored 352.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Brady Collins —Named “special teams player of the week” twice by the Otterbein football coaching staff.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
Shrovetide games have survived into the modern era in a number of English towns (see below).
The first detailed description of what was almost certainly football in England was given by William FitzStephen in about 1174–1183. He described the activities of London youths during the annual festival of
Shrove Tuesday:
- .^ Trailing 13-3 at the half, Otterbein came out in the second half and scored first, a 23-yard field goal by Shirvanian made it a 13-6 game.
- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ We have to go out there and do the things we have been doing all year long to win games.” .- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ After going into the half trailing 13-7, B-W came out firing in the second half and scored 20 unanswered points.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
The students of each school have their own ball; the workers from each city craft are also carrying their balls. ..^ The first, coming with 1:04 to play in the first half, was set up by a 74-yard reception by junior wide receiver Tanner McCormick.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Come Saturday, many on the team know they will be creating a special memory for Cardinal fans and members of the Westerville community who have watched the program blossom.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
[10]
.^ Whoever has the most big plays or stops the other team from having big plays will probably win the game,” Loth said.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Senior receiver Ryan Rowley hauled in eight balls for 107 yards and two scores in the game while Yates did not play due to injury.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Offensively, we did a much better job this past game of being balanced—the first game of the season we really ran the ball,” said head coach Joe Loth, who is in his seventh season at his alma mater.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
.^ It's a whole new ball game: Sports television, the cultural industries and the condition of football in England in 1993.
^ The game ball will be delivered to the Otterbein captains via air mail as an Army soldier is expected to parachute onto the field with the football at 1:56 p.m.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
while playing at ball.. ran against David"
[11].
.^ Senior wide receiver Dan Gendron caught four balls for 90 yards, including a 21-yard touchdown reception for Otterbein’s first score of the game.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ The Cardinals, 6-0 overall and 5-0 in the OAC, come into the game locked in a first-place tie with Mount Union (6-0, 5-0) in league play.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ It's a whole new ball game: Sports television, the cultural industries and the condition of football in England in 1993.
ran against him and wounded himself".
[11]
.^ Professional football and working class culture: English theories and Scottish evidence.
A translation reads: "[f]orasmuch as there is great noise in the city caused by hustling over large foot balls [
rageries de grosses pelotes de pee] in the fields of the public from which many evils might arise which God forbid: we command and forbid on behalf of the king, on pain of imprisonment, such game to be used in the city in the future." This is the earliest reference to football.
.^ We were obviously working on developing other areas of our offense during that game, but we need to get back to our commitment to being balanced on offense for us to have continued success this season.” .- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
King
Henry IV of England also presented one of the earliest documented uses of the English word "football", in 1409, when he issued a proclamation forbidding the levying of money for "foteball".
[11][12]There is also an account in
Latin from the end of the 15th century of football being played at
Cawston,
Nottinghamshire.
.^ Senior wide receiver Dan Gendron caught four balls for 90 yards, including a 21-yard touchdown reception for Otterbein’s first score of the game.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
It is one in which young men, in country sport, propel a huge ball not by throwing it into the air but by striking it and rolling it along the ground, and that not with their hands but with their feet... kicking in opposite directions" The chronicler gives the earliest reference to a football pitch, stating that: "[t]he boundaries have been marked and the game had started.
[11]- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ It's a whole new ball game: Sports television, the cultural industries and the condition of football in England in 1993.
^ Otterbein and Heidelberg played the first intercollegiate football game in Germany in 1992.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
It states: "a certain rounde instrument to play with ...it is an instrument for the foote and then it is calde in Latyn 'pila pedalis', a fotebal."
[11]
a pair of football boots was ordered by King Henry VIII of England in 1526.[13]
women playing a form of football was in 1580, when Sir Philip Sidney described it in one of his poems: "[a] tyme there is for all, my mother often sayes, When she, with skirts tuckt very hy, with girles at football playes."[14]
the first references to goals are in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. In 1584 and 1602 respectively, John Norden and Richard Carew referred to "goals" in Cornish hurling. .
the first direct reference to scoring a goal is in John Day's play The Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green (performed circa 1600; published 1659): "I'll play a gole at camp-ball" (an extremely violent variety of football, which was popular in East Anglia).^ On the ensuing Ohio Northern possession, Otterbein sophomore linebacker Shane Centers picked off a Kyle Simmons pass and returned it 36 yards for a score to put the Cardinals up, 28-10, with 10:23 to play in the first half.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Rafferty scored on the first play from scrimmage in the third overtime on a 25-yard run.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Senior wide receiver Dan Gendron caught four balls for 90 yards, including a 21-yard touchdown reception for Otterbein’s first score of the game.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
Similarly in a poem in 1613, Michael Drayton refers to "when the Ball to throw, And drive it to the Gole, in squadrons forth they goe".
Calcio Fiorentino
An illustration of the
Calcio Fiorentino field and starting positions, from a 1688 book by Pietro di Lorenzo Bini.
.^ The senior class enters today’s game with a 20-19 record over its four years of play and has an opportunity to leave Otterbein with a winning record, something not done since the class of 1982.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Bethany is known to start most games with a trick play,” Loth said.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Yates scored Otterbein’s first touchdown of the game, a 7-yard run with 2:34 to play in the first period.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
The young aristocrats of the city would dress up in fine silk costumes and embroil themselves in a violent form of football. For example,
calcio players could punch, shoulder charge, and kick opponents. Blows below the belt were allowed. The game is said to have originated as a military training exercise. In 1580, Count Giovanni de' Bardi di Vernio wrote
Discorso sopra 'l giuoco del Calcio Fiorentino.
.^ Defensively, we played a second-straight solid football game,” said Otterbein head coach Joe Loth.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Paul played an outstanding football game,” Loth said.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Who Rules the People's Game?: FIFA versus UEFA in the struggle for the control of world Football.
The game was not played after January 1739 (until it was revived in May 1930).
Official disapproval and attempts to ban football
.^ He made nine of 12 field-goal attempts, including a 23-yarder in overtime at John Carroll in the final game of the season, sending Otterbein to its first appearance in the NCAA Division III Football Championship.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Temporal regulation and intertemporal substitution: The effect of banning alcohol at college football games.
^ He connected on a 21-yard field goal, his only attempt in the game, and made all five of his extra-point attempts.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
This was especially the case in England and in other parts of Europe, during the
Middle Ages and
early modern period.
.^ Rangers is a Black Club: Race, identity and local football in England.
^ Freedom of trade under the Common Law and European Community Law: The case of the football bans.
The need to repeatedly proclaim such laws demonstrated the difficulty in enforcing bans on popular games. King
Edward II was so troubled by the unruliness of football in London that on April 13, 1314 he issued a proclamation banning it: "Forasmuch as there is great noise in the city caused by hustling over large balls from which many evils may arise which God forbid; we command and forbid, on behalf of the King, on pain of imprisonment, such game to be used in the city in the future."
The reasons for the ban by
Edward III, on June 12, 1349, were explicit: football and other recreations distracted the populace from practicing
archery, which was necessary for war.
.^ Running back Eric Yates made it 13-0 on a four-yard touchdown reception with 8:53 to play in the first quarter.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
By 1608, the local authorities in
Manchester were complaining that: "With the ffotebale...[there] hath beene greate disorder in our towne of Manchester we are told, and glasse windowes broken yearlye and spoyled by a companie of lewd and disordered persons ..."
[16] That same year, the word "football" was used disapprovingly by
William Shakespeare. Shakespeare's play
King Lear contains the line: "Nor tripped neither, you base football player" (Act I, Scene 4). Shakespeare also mentions the game in
A Comedy of Errors (Act II, Scene 1):
Am I so round with you as you with me,
That like a football you do spurn me thus?
You spurn me hence, and he will spurn me hither:
If I last in this service, you must case me in leather.
"Spurn" literally means to kick away, thus implying that the game involved kicking a ball between players.
.^ Capital has the series at 41-38-3, however, since football was not recognized as an official varsity sport at Capital until 1923.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ It's a whole new ball game: Sports television, the cultural industries and the condition of football in England in 1993.
[17] The book's aim appears to be an attempt to offset the strictness of the
Puritans regarding the keeping of the
Sabbath.
[18]
Establishment of modern codes
English public schools
.^ Other key returnees on offense include senior wide receivers Josh Bope (42 rec./521 yds.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
First of all, the evidence suggests that they were important in taking football away from its "mob" form and turning it into an organised team sport.
.^ Who Rules the People's Game?: FIFA versus UEFA in the struggle for the control of world Football.
^ Otterbein did set a school record for most points in a season, 362, surpassing the 1960 team, who scored 352.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
.^ The Cardinals, 6-0 overall and 5-0 in the OAC, come into the game locked in a first-place tie with Mount Union (6-0, 5-0) in league play.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Otterbein and Heidelberg have been battling for the Rhine River Cup ever since the two teams played the first-ever collegiate football game in Frankfurt, Germany in 1992, which ended in a 7-7 tie.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Toss in the fact that the two most recent meetings between the two schools have been close; Saturday’s game could be a barn burner.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
.^ Yates scored the game’s final points, an 8-yard run with 2:15 to play, which was set up by an interception from Otterbein junior safety Justin Hochstetler.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Toss in the fact that the two most recent meetings between the two schools have been close; Saturday’s game could be a barn burner.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ He made nine of 12 field-goal attempts, including a 23-yarder in overtime at John Carroll in the final game of the season, sending Otterbein to its first appearance in the NCAA Division III Football Championship.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
The earliest evidence that games resembling football were being played at English public schools — mainly attended by boys from the upper, upper-middle and professional classes — comes from the
Vulgaria by William Herman in 1519. Herman had been headmaster at
Eton and
Winchester colleges and his
Latin textbook includes a translation exercise with the phrase "We wyll playe with a ball full of wynde".
[19].^ Although Baldwin-Wallace is 9-11 over its last 20 regular-season games, the Yellow Jackets boast one of the winningest programs in college football.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Professional football and working class culture: English theories and Scottish evidence.
^ WESTERVILLE, OHIO—The 2008 Otterbein College football team continues to make school history, becoming the first team from the college to advance into the NCAA Division III Football Championship .- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
Mulcaster's writings refer to teams ("sides" and "parties"), positions ("standings"), a referee ("judge over the parties") and a coach "(trayning maister)". Mulcaster's "footeball" had evolved from the disordered and violent forms of traditional football:
[s]ome smaller number with such overlooking, sorted into sides and standings, not meeting with their bodies so boisterously to trie their strength: nor shouldring or shuffing one an other so barbarously ... may use footeball for as much good to the body, by the chiefe use of the legges.
[21]
In 1633,
David Wedderburn, a teacher from
Aberdeen, mentioned elements of modern football games in a short
Latin textbook called "Vocabula." Wedderburn refers to what has been translated into modern English as "keeping goal" and makes an allusion to passing the ball ("strike it here"). There is a reference to "get hold of the ball", suggesting that some handling was allowed.
.^ Glass, a two-year letterman at defensive back, ranks tenth on the team with 34 tackles, including 22 solo stops in 2007.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ A few other players, including Austin Weaver and Chase Bowman, will compete to start at defensive back opposite Woodfork.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ King, who was named defensive player of the week, finished the game with eight tackles, including two for a loss of 11 yards.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
[citation needed].^ Sophomore tight end Mike Detwiler scored a minute later, a 5-yard pass from Rafferty, while Yates notched his third touchdown of the game, an 8-yard run, to close out the scoring with 30 seconds to play in the third quarter.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ A 29-yard field goal from senior B.J. Wanninger followed to give Otterbein the lead for good, 10-7, with 2:59 to play in the second quarter.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Otterbein responded on their first possession by moving the ball 42 yards on 11 plays that resulted in a 35-yard field goal by senior place-kicker Alek Shirvanian (Dearborn Heights, Mich./Annapolis).- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
The gates are called Goals." His book includes a diagram illustrating a football field.
.^ Senior wide receiver Dan Gendron caught four balls for 90 yards, including a 21-yard touchdown reception for Otterbein’s first score of the game.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Rowley, a first team All-OAC selection at wide receiver, topped all Otterbein receivers, making 56 catches for 802 yards and seven touchdowns.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Otterbein and Mount Union, with seven players selected, were the only two teams in the 10-member OAC to have five or more players selected to the academic teams.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
He is the first to describe a "law" of football: "they must not strike [an opponent's leg] higher than the ball".
[citation needed]
.^ Heidelberg and Otterbein played the first college football game in Germany, which ended in a 7-7 tie in Frankfurt in 1992.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Otterbein and Heidelberg played the first intercollegiate football game in Germany in 1992.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ He made nine of 12 field-goal attempts, including a 23-yarder in overtime at John Carroll in the final game of the season, sending Otterbein to its first appearance in the NCAA Division III Football Championship.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
[24] .^ The success on both sides of the ball has created excitement within the locker room for both the players and coaches.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ They’re good on both sides of the ball.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
Players were not allowed to pass the ball forward, either by foot or by hand. They could only dribble with their feet, or advance the ball in a
scrum or similar
formation. However, offside laws began to diverge and develop differently at the each school, as is shown by the rules of football from Winchester,
Rugby,
Harrow and
Cheltenham, during in the period of 1810–1850.
[24]
.^ Shooting stars: Footballers and working class culture in twentieth century Scotland.
^ In R. Holt (ed), Sport and the Working Class in Modern Britain .
They had neither the time nor the inclination to engage in sport for recreation and, at the time, many
children were part of the labour force.
Feast day football played on the streets was in decline.
.^ Who Rules the People's Game?: FIFA versus UEFA in the struggle for the control of world Football.
^ Consuming Passions: A Working Paper Outlining Some of the Key Changes in Football Club Support, with Regard to Commercial Changes in the Game.
Football was adopted by a number of public schools as a way of encouraging competitiveness and keeping youths fit. Each school drafted its own rules, which varied widely between different schools and were changed over time with each new intake of pupils. Two schools of thought developed regarding rules. Some schools favoured a game in which the ball could be carried (as at Rugby,
Marlborough and Cheltenham), while others preferred a game where kicking and dribbling the ball was promoted (as at Eton, Harrow,
Westminster and
Charterhouse).
.^ The Cardinals, 6-0 overall and 5-0 in the OAC, come into the game locked in a first-place tie with Mount Union (6-0, 5-0) in league play.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Senior receiver Ryan Rowley hauled in eight balls for 107 yards and two scores in the game while Yates did not play due to injury.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ After a Hunter two-point conversion, Marietta led, 25-22, with 59 seconds to play in the game.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
.^ Colton Coy scored on a 13-yard run to put the Cards up for good 14-7 with 13:27 to play in the game.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Senior receiver Ryan Rowley hauled in eight balls for 107 yards and two scores in the game while Yates did not play due to injury.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Yates scored the game’s final points, an 8-yard run with 2:15 to play, which was set up by an interception from Otterbein junior safety Justin Hochstetler.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
[citation needed]William Webb Ellis, a pupil at Rugby School, is said to have "with a fine disregard for the rules of football,
as played in his time [emphasis added], first took the ball in his arms and ran with it, thus creating the distinctive feature of the rugby game." in 1823. This act is usually said to be the beginning of Rugby football, but there is little evidence that it occurred, and most sports historians believe the story to be apocryphal.
.^ Senior running back Eric Yates carried the ball nine times for 60 yards.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Senior punter B.J. Wanninger, an Academic All-OAC selection in 2007, returns and is expected to pick up place-kicking duties this season.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
The boom in rail transport in Britain during the 1840s meant that people were able to travel further and with less inconvenience than they ever had before. Inter-school sporting competitions became possible. However, it was difficult for schools to play each other at football, as each school played by its own rules.
.^ Otterbein tallied three more rushing touchdowns—two from junior running back Eric Yates and one from sophomore running back Colton Coy—to take a 31-7 lead into the locker room at the half.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ They have also finished in the top half of the OAC three out of their four years, something that has only been done one other time, 23 years ago.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Otterbein is scheduled to close out regular-season play at home next Saturday, hosting John Carroll (3-6, 3-5) on senior day.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
.^ Collins, a senior from Galena (Olentangy), garnered the Harry Ewing Award for his leadership and dedication to Otterbein football, both on and off the field of play.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ (Annapolis High School), put Otterbein on the scoreboard first, hitting a 26-yard field goal with 2:01 to play in the first quarter.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ WESTERVILLE, OHIO – The Otterbein football team will do something this weekend that it has never done before—take the field in postseason play.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
However, many of them are still played at the schools which created them (see
Surviving UK school games below).
Firsts
Clubs
.^ Collins, a senior from Galena (Olentangy), garnered the Harry Ewing Award for his leadership and dedication to Otterbein football, both on and off the field of play.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
.^ Rowley picked up 78 yards and one touchdown.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Both interceptions came in the second half in Otterbein territory, one on the Otterbein 29-yard line and the other on the 41-yard line.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ The win was Otterbein’s first over the Polar Bears in 18 seasons, the last one coming in 1989, a 14-7 decision.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
[30]
.^ Playing at home: British football and a sense of place.
^ Defensively, we played a second-straight solid football game,” said Otterbein head coach Joe Loth.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Football hooligan violence before the First World War: Preliminary sociological reflections on some research findings.
In 1845, three boys at Rugby school were tasked with codifying the rules then being used at the school. These were the first set of written rules (or code) for any form of football.
[31] This further assisted the spread of the Rugby game.
.^ Who Rules the People's Game?: FIFA versus UEFA in the struggle for the control of world Football.
^ In R. Giulianotti and J. Williams, Football, Identity and Modernity: Fans and Players in the World Game .
^ In R. Giulianotti and J. Williams (eds), Football, Identity and Modernity: Fans and Players in the World Game .
Competitions
.^ The senior class enters today’s game with a 20-19 record over its four years of play and has an opportunity to leave Otterbein with a winning record, something not done since the class of 1982.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Otterbein and Heidelberg have been battling for the Rhine River Cup ever since the two teams played the first-ever collegiate football game in Frankfurt, Germany in 1992, which ended in a 7-7 tie.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ This is the first year since I’ve been the head coach that we have had all juniors and seniors in the two-deep,” Loth said.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
.^ Otterbein and Heidelberg have been battling for the Rhine River Cup ever since the two teams played the first-ever collegiate football game in Frankfurt, Germany in 1992, which ended in a 7-7 tie.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Otterbein and Heidelberg played the first intercollegiate football game in Germany in 1992.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Heidelberg and Otterbein played the first college football game in Germany, which ended in a 7-7 tie in Frankfurt in 1992.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
[32] The oldest football league is a rugby football competition, the
United Hospitals Challenge Cup (1874), while the oldest rugby trophy is the
Yorkshire Cup, contested since 1878. The
South Australian Football Association (30 April 1877) is the oldest surviving Australian rules football competition.
.^ Hosts and Champions, Soccer Cultures, National Identities and the USA World Cup .
.^ Merry Christmas from the SAFA [12/23/2009] The Scottish Amateur Football Association The SAFA Wishes All Member Leagues and Associations, Clubs, Players, Officials And Support...- The SAFA � Scottish Amateur Football Association - The Home of Amateur Football in Scotland 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.scottishamateurfa.co.uk [Source type: General]
The
first ever international football match took place between sides representing England and Scotland on March 5 1870 at
the Oval under the authority of the FA. The first Rugby international took place in 1871.
Modern balls
Richard Lindon (seen in 1880) is believed to have invented the first footballs with rubber bladders.
In Europe, early footballs were made out of animal
bladders, more specifically pig's bladders, which were inflated. Later
leather coverings were introduced to allow the ball to keep their shape.
[33] However, in 1851,
Richard Lindon and
William Gilbert, both shoemakers from the town of
Rugby (near the school), exhibited both round and oval-shaped balls at the
Great Exhibition in London. Richard Lindon's wife is said to have died of lung disease caused by blowing up pig's bladders.
[34] Lindon also won medals for the invention of the "Rubber inflatable Bladder" and the "Brass Hand Pump".
Modern ball passing tactics
.^ Heidelberg and Otterbein played the first college football game in Germany, which ended in a 7-7 tie in Frankfurt in 1992.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ That win, however, is not officially recognized by Capital, who claims the series actually began in 1927 with a 39-6 Otterbein victory, making the series record 41-36-3.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Heidelberg and Otterbein played the first college football game in Germany, which ended in a draw, 7-7, in Frankfurt in 1992.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
.^ The Cardinals countered quickly, mounting a nine play, 70-yard drive, capped off by a 1-yard run by sophomore running back Colton Coy to tie the score at 7-7 with 8:31 to play in the first quarter.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ The Cardinals started slowly, the first score—a 1-yard run by junior running back Eric Yates—came with 3:38 to play in the first quarter.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Schlosser completed six of nine pass attempts for 41 yards and one touchdown before suffering his injury at the end of the first quarter.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
By 1870 the Engineers were passing the ball: "Lieut.
.^ Fans who get their kicks off the field.
^ On the ensuing Ohio Northern possession, Otterbein sophomore linebacker Shane Centers picked off a Kyle Simmons pass and returned it 36 yards for a score to put the Cardinals up, 28-10, with 10:23 to play in the first half.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Capital is the most talented team that we have played up to this point,” said head coach Joe Loth, who is in his sixth season at his alma mater.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
Cambridge rules
In 1848, at
Cambridge University,
Mr. H. de Winton and Mr. J.C. Thring, who were both formerly at
Shrewsbury School, called a meeting at
Trinity College, Cambridge with 12 other representatives from Eton, Harrow, Rugby,
Winchester and Shrewsbury. An eight-hour meeting produced what amounted to the first set of modern rules, known as the
Cambridge rules. No copy of these rules now exists, but a revised version from circa 1856 is held in the library of Shrewsbury School. The rules clearly favour the kicking game. Handling was only allowed for a player to take a
clean catch entitling them to a free kick and there was a primitive offside rule, disallowing players from "loitering" around the opponents' goal.
.^ Merry Christmas from the SAFA [12/23/2009] The Scottish Amateur Football Association The SAFA Wishes All Member Leagues and Associations, Clubs, Players, Officials And Support...- The SAFA � Scottish Amateur Football Association - The Home of Amateur Football in Scotland 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.scottishamateurfa.co.uk [Source type: General]
Sheffield rules
By the late 1850s, many football clubs had been formed throughout the English-speaking world, to play various codes of football.
.^ Paper presented to International Conference for Euro 96 at Leicester City Football Club, 30/31 May 1996 .
^ Association Football and English Society 1863-1915 .
^ Paper presented at the Football in Europe conference, Leicester City Football Club, May 30-31 1996 .
However, the club initially played its own code of football: the
Sheffield rules. The code was largely independent of the public school rules, the most significant difference being the lack of an
offside rule.
The code was responsible for many innovations that later spread to association football. These included
free kicks,
corner kicks, handball,
throw-ins and the
crossbar.
[54] By the 1870s they became the dominant code in the north and midlands of England. At this time a series of rule changes by both the
London and
Sheffield FAs gradually eroded the differences between the two games until the adoption of a common code in 1877.
Australian rules
Various forms of football were played in Australia during the
Victorian gold rush, from which emerged a distinct and locally popular sport. While these origins are still the subject of much debate the popularisation of the code that is known today as Australian Rules Football is currently attributed to
Tom Wills.
Wills wrote a letter to
Bell's Life in Victoria & Sporting Chronicle, on July 10, 1858, calling for a "foot-ball club" with a "code of laws" to keep cricketers fit during winter
[55]. This is considered by historians to be a defining moment in the creation of the new sport.
.^ This marks the first meeting between the two schools.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ The Cardinals, 9-2 overall and 8-1 in the OAC, made history this season, setting school single-season records for best start (8-0), most wins (9), and most points (427); and advanced into the NCAA Division III Football Championship for the first time in school history.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ WESTERVILLE, OHIO—The 2008 Otterbein College football team continues to make school history, becoming the first team from the college to advance into the NCAA Division III Football Championship .- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
Following these matches, organised football matches rapidly increased in popularity.
.^ Paper presented at the Football in Europe conference, Leicester City Football Club, May 30-31 1996 .
^ Paper presented to International Conference for Euro 96 at Leicester City Football Club, 30/31 May 1996 .
^ Merry Christmas from the SAFA [12/23/2009] The Scottish Amateur Football Association The SAFA Wishes All Member Leagues and Associations, Clubs, Players, Officials And Support...- The SAFA � Scottish Amateur Football Association - The Home of Amateur Football in Scotland 19 January 2010 8:47 UTC www.scottishamateurfa.co.uk [Source type: General]
They met with the intention of forming a set of rules that would be widely adopted by other clubs.
The backgrounds of the original rule makers makes for interesting speculation as to the influences on the rules. Wills, an Australian of convict heritage was educated in England. He was a
rugby footballer, a cricketer and had strong links to
indigenous Australians. At first he desired to introduce rugby school rules. Hammersley was a cricketer and journalist who emigrated from England. Thomas Smith was a school teacher who emigrated from Ireland. The committee members debated several rules including those of English public school games. Despite including aspects similar to other forms of football there is no conclusive evidence to point to any single influence.
.^ His ability to throw the deep ball really opened up the ball game for us.” .- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Free safety Justin Ross made 12 tackles, four unassisted, to lead the defense.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
The Melbourne football rules were widely distributed and gradually adopted by the other Victorian clubs.
.^ They have also finished in the top half of the OAC three out of their four years, something that has only been done one other time, 23 years ago.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
.^ Who Rules the People's Game?: FIFA versus UEFA in the struggle for the control of world Football.
^ Consuming Passions: A Working Paper Outlining Some of the Key Changes in Football Club Support, with Regard to Commercial Changes in the Game.
.^ Otterbein got the ball first in overtime and was unable to capitalize, missing a 35-yard field goal.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ The Cardinals used up 8:24 on the 14-play, 66-yard drive leading up to the field goal.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ The Yellow Jackets moved the ball down field and had a first-and-goal from the Otterbein six-yard line.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
The form of football spread quickly to other
other Australian colonies.
.^ Football since the war.
^ Football hooligan violence before the First World War: Preliminary sociological reflections on some research findings.
^ Football hooliganism before the First World War.
.^ Scotland against England: Football and popular culture.
^ The missionary position: Football in the societies of England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales.
^ Scoring Away from Home: A statistical survey of Scotland football fans at international matches in Romania and Sweden.
Once kept by the
Rugby Football Union as an early example of
rugby football.
During the early 1860s, there were increasing attempts in England to unify and reconcile the various public school games.
.^ Junior running back Colton Coy, who leads the conference at 109 yards a game, is one of three rushing threats in the Cardinals backfield.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ The cornerback thwarted Ohio Northern’s comeback attempt, forcing and recovering a fumble on the Otterbein 37-yard line with Ohio Northern driving with just under one minute to play in the game.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Wilmington quarterback Reynolds, who was injured and had to leave the game in the third quarter, completed 11 of 18 pass attempts for 133 yards and one touchdown.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
In early October 1863 another new revised version of the Cambridge Rules was drawn up by a seven member committee representing former pupils from Harrow, Shrewsbury, Eton, Rugby, Marlborough and Westminster.
.^ Association Football and English Society 1863-1915 .
The aim of the Association was to establish a single unifying code and regulate the playing of the game among its members.
.^ This marks the first meeting between the two schools.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
All of them declined, except Charterhouse and Uppingham. In total, six meetings of the FA were held between October and December 1863. After the third meeting, a draft set of rules were published.
.^ Otterbein gained 122 rushing yards on 20 carries, throwing the ball just two times in the quarter.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Sophomore running back Colton Coy led the Cardinals with 75 yards and two touchdowns on 23 carries, and also threw a 4-yard touchdown pass.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
^ Rafferty led the way with 301 yards passing and two touchdowns and also carried the ball for 72 yards on 12 carries and two touchdowns.- Otterbein College Football 27 January 2010 23:53 UTC www.otterbein.edu [Source type: General]
The two contentious FA rules were as follows:
.
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