| 39th | Top cultural icons of the Netherlands |
| 30th | Top star forts |
| 16th | Top state leaders in 1424 |
| Gouda | |||
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| — Municipality — | |||
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| Coordinates: 52°01′N 4°42′E / 52.02°N 4.70°E | |||
| Country | Netherlands (Nederland) | ||
| Province | South Holland (Zuid-Holland) | ||
| Area (2006) | |||
| - Total | 18.10 km2 (7 sq mi) | ||
| - Land | 16.92 km2 (6.5 sq mi) | ||
| - Water | 1.19 km2 (0.5 sq mi) | ||
| Population (1 January, 2007) | |||
| - Total | 71,873 | ||
| - Density | 4,189/km2 (10,849.5/sq mi) | ||
| Source: CBS, Statline. | |||
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||
| Area code(s) | +31-182 | ||
| Website | www.gouda.nl | ||
Gouda (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɣʌuda] (
listen); population 71,797 in 2004) is a city and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. Gouda, which was granted city rights in 1272, is famous for its Gouda cheese, smoking pipes, and its 15th century city hall.
The town takes its name from the Van der Goude family, who built a fortified castle alongside the banks of the Gouwe River, from which the family took its name. The area, originally marshland, developed over the course of two centuries. By 1225, a canal was linked to the Gouwe and its estuary was transformed into a harbour. Gouda's array of historic churches and other buildings makes it a very popular day trip destination.
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Around the year 1000, the area where Gouda now is located was swampy and covered with a peat forest, crossed by small creeks such as the Gouwe. Along the shores of this stream near the current market and city hall, peat harvesting began in the 11th and 12th centuries. In 1139, the name Gouda is first mentioned in a statement from the Bishop of Utrecht.
In the 13th century, the Gouwe was connected to the Oude Rijn (Old Rhine) by means of a canal and its mouth at the Hollandse IJssel was developed into a harbour. Castle Gouda was built to protect this harbour. This shipping route was used for trade between Flanders and France with Holland and the Baltic Sea. In 1272, Floris V, Count of Holland, granted city rights to Gouda, which by then had become an important location. City-canals or grachten were dug and served as transport ways through the town.
Great fires in 1361 and 1438 destroyed the city. In 1572, the city was occupied by Les Gueux (Dutch rebels against the Spanish King) who also committed arson and destruction. In 1577 demolition of Castle Gouda began.
In 1574, 1625, 1636, and 1673, Gouda suffered from deadly Plague epidemics, of which the last one was the most severe: 2995 persons died, constituting 20% of its population [1].
In the last quarter of the 16th century, Gouda had serious economic problems. It recovered in the first half of the 17th century and even prospered between 1665 and 1672. But its economy collapsed again when war broke out in 1672 and the plague decimated the city in 1673, even affecting the pipe industry. After 1700, Gouda enjoyed a period of progress and prosperity until 1730. Then another recession followed, resulting in a long period of decline that lasted well into the 19th century [2]. Gouda was one of the poorest cities in the country during that period: the terms "Goudaner" and "beggar" were considered synonymous.[3]
Starting in 1830, demolition of the city walls began. The last city gate was torn down in 1854. Only from the second half of the 19th century onward, Gouda started to profit from an improved economic condition. New companies, such as Stearine Kaarsenfabriek (Stearine Candle Factory) and Machinale Garenspinnerij (Mechanized Yarn Spinnery), acted as the impetus to its economy. In 1855, the railway Gouda-Utrecht began to operate. In the beginning of the 20th century, large scale development began, extending the city beyond its moats. First the new neighbourhoods Korte Akkeren, Kort Haarlem and Kadebuurt were built, followed by Oosterwei, Bloemendaal, and Goverwelle after World War II.
From 1940 on, backfilling of the city moats and city-canals, the grachten, began: the Nieuwe Haven, Raam, Naaierstraat, and Achter de Vismarkt. But because of protests from city dwellers and revised policies of city planners, Gouda did not continue backfilling moats and city-canals, now considered historically valuable. In 1944, the railway station was damaged during an Allied bombardment, killing 8 and wounding 10 persons. This bombardment was intended to destroy the railroad connecting The Hague and Rotterdam to Utrecht.
Early 21st century, an analysis by the Dutch police showed that Gouda was home to the highest percentage of criminal Moroccans in The Netherlands. In 2009, at the request of the home affairs ministry, the Dutch national police issued a report titled Analyse Marokkaanse daderpopulaties van gemeenten in Nederland, ranking 181 municipalities according to the severity of the Moroccan problem there. Dutch police listed a total of 14,462 Moroccan criminal suspects from all municipalities where five or more Moroccans were suspected of committing at least one crime in 2007, 181 cities in all. Police limited the list to Moroccans of whom it was “convinced they committed a crime”. The list represents 8.1 percent of all registered suspects in the Netherlands, of whom 57.1 percent were native Dutch. The report did not mention any statistics regarding other ethnic groups. Gouda turned out to be the town with the biggest Moroccan problem in terms of repeat offences. Moroccan suspects between 12 and 24 years here commited an average of 1.4 crimes. The criminal Moroccan population was also relatively the largest in Gouda. Of all residents 12 years and older, 0.55 percent were criminal Moroccans. [4][5]
Gouda is world famous for its Gouda cheese, which still is traded on its cheese market held each Thursday. It is further well-known for the fabrication of candles, smoking pipes, and syrup waffles. Gouda used to have a considerable linen industry and a number of beer breweries.
The world famous Gouda cheese is not made in the city itself but in the surrounding region. It derives its name from being traded in Gouda where the city council imposes stringent quality controls.
Since 1977, the weekly pig market, the largest in the Netherlands, is no longer held in the city.
Gouda is served by two railway stations: Gouda, Gouda Goverwelle. The city also lies alongside the A12 motorway.
Gouda is twinned with:
52°01′04″N 4°42′19″E / 52.017694°N 4.705324°E
Gouda[1] is a city in the province South-Holland in The Netherlands. It is a typical Dutch city with lots of old building and pretty canals, and is a popular destination for a day trip. It is famous for it's cheese, it's 15th century town hall and the amazing glass windown in St. Janskerk.
Gouda has a population of just over 70,000. Most of the city is below sea level. As well as it's cheese, Gouda is also famous for it's stroopwafels and it's clap pipes.
Gouda is names after the Van der Goude family, who built a castle on the Gouwe River in the 11th century. The area was swampland. Over the next two hundred years peat was collected and the land was developed. In 1225, a canal was build connecting the Gouwe River with the Oude Rijn (part of the Rhine delta). This was used to help ship goods to France and further afield. Gouda became important because of this, and in 1272, was made a city. Lots of the canals were build around this time.
Over the years, there have been fires (1361, 1438), occupations (1572) and plagues (1574, 1625, 1636, 1673). In 1577, the castle was destroyed.
In 1667 a tax was introduced on the locally produced cheese. This raised a lot of money for the town. In 1668, the Waag (cheese weighing house) was built, to weigh the cheese and collect this tax.
There are two train stations in Gouda - Gouda (the main station, 5mins walk to the Maark) and Gouda Goverwelle (in suburbia). For the timetable check NS (in English).
Trains have been running between Gouda and Utrecht since 1855, and in 1944 the old train station was damaged by Allied bombing.
Buses stop the at train station. Check the Connexxion website (in Dutch) for more detailed information.
There are buses to and from Gouda from the following places:
Gouda is directly located on the A12 and A20.
The nearest airports at in Amsterdam and Rotterdam.
The centre of Gouda is small and very easy to walk around. All the main sites are here, inside the canal, De Singel, which circles Gouda centre. A lot of the street are pedestrianized. The main shopping street, Kleiweg, is pedestrianized and bike free. At the centre of Gouda and the end of Kleiweg is the Markt. The Stadhuis and De Waag are here, and this is where the cheese market takes place.
If you want to travel outside the centre of Gouda, by bike is a good option. Most of the streets in the centre are bike friendly, the main exception being Kleiweg. You can walk along this street with your bike, just don't cycle. As you would expect in a Dutch city, there is lots of parking everywhere for your bike. Make sure you lock it. Bike theft is very common in the Netherlands.
Bikes can be rented from:
Gouda is a typical and beautiful Dutch town. It's a great place to wander, checking out the old building and the quite canals.
Most shops are open M-Sa 9AM-5PM. Almost everything is closed on Sundays.
There are lots of small cafes and bars at the north of the Markt.
Gouda is a very popular as day-trip. There is a limited supply of accommodation.
Gouda is, in general, a safe city, even at night time. There is a lot of petty car crime. Do not leave the radio or any valuables in view in your car. Recently, GPS systems have been stolen from the glove compartment, because the thieves have noticed the rings left on the glass from them.
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GOUDA (or TER GouwE), a town of Holland, in the province of South Holland, on the north side of the Gouwe at its confluence with the Ysel, and a junction station 122m. by rail N.E. of Rotterdam. Pop. (1900) 22,303. Tramways connect it with Bodegraven (52 m. N.) on the old Rhine and with Oudewater (8 m. E.) on the Ysel; and there is a regular steamboat service in various directions, Amsterdam being reached by the canalized Gouwe; Aar, Drecht and Amstel. The town of Gouda is laid out in a fine open manner and, like other Dutch towns, is intersected by numerous canals. On its outskirts pleasant walks and fine trees have replaced the old fortifications. The Groote Markt is the largest market-square in Holland. Among the numerous churches belonging to various denominations, the first place must be given to the Groote Kerk of St John. It was founded in 1485, but rebuilt after a fire in 1552, and is remarkable for its dimensions (345 ft. long and 150 ft. broad), for a large and celebrated organ, and a splendid series of over forty stained-glass windows presented by cities and princes and executed by various well-known artists, including the brothers Dirk (d. C.1577) and Wouter (d. c. 1590) Crabeth, between the years 1555 and 1603 (see Explanation of the Famous and Renowned Glass Works, &c., Gouda, 1876, reprinted from an older volume, 1718). Other noteworthy buildings are the Gothic town hall, founded in 1449 and rebuilt in 1690, and the weigh-house, built by Pieter Post of Haarlem (1608-1669) and adorned with a fine relief by Barth. Eggers (d. c. 1690). The museum of antiquities (1874) contains an exquisite chalice of the year 1425 and some pictures and portraits by Wouter Crabeth the younger, Corn. Ketel (a native of Gouda, 1548-1616) and Ferdinand Bol (1616-1680). Other buildings are the orphanage, the hospital, a house of correction for women and a music hall.
In the time of the counts the wealth of Gouda was mainly derived from brewing and cloth-weaving; but at a later date the making of clay tobacco pipes became the staple trade, and, although this industry has somewhat declined, the churchwarden pipes of Gouda are still well known and largely manufactured. In winter-time it is considered a feat to skate hither from Rotterdam and elsewhere to buy such a pipe and return with it in one's mouth without its being broken. The mud from the Ysel furnishes the material for large brick-works and potteries; there are also a celebrated manufactory of stearine candles, a yarn factory, an oil refinery and cigar factories. The transit and shipping trade is considerable, and as one of the principal markets of South Holland, the round, white Gouda cheeses are known throughout Europe. Boskoop, 5 m. N. by W. of Gouda on the Gouwe, is famous for its nursery gardens; and the little old-world town of Oudewater as the birthplace of the famous theologian Arminius in 1560. The town hall (1588) of Oudewater contains a picture by Dirk Stoop (d. 1686), commemorating the capture of the town by the Spaniards in 1575 and the subsequent sack and massacre.
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   | Map of the city - WWW.PLATTEGRONDEN.NL / GOUDA |
| | A collection of old pictures and drawings of Gouda - Gouda, a journey through the past |
| | Wikimapia Map of the city - Wikimapia - Let's describe the whole world! |
| | Virtual Tour of St. Johns church (Sint Janskerk) Gouda - Sint Janskerk Gouda |
| | Local Rugbyclub RFC Gouda - RFC Gouda - Home |
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