| Granular cell tumor | |
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| Classification and external resources | |
 2-cm tumor presented as an abdominal wall mass in a middle-aged woman |
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| ICD-O: | M9582/0 |
Granular cell tumor (also known as "Abrikossoff's tumor,"[1] "Granular cell myoblastoma,"[1] "Granular cell nerve sheath tumor,"[1] "Granular cell schwannoma"[1]) is a tumor that can develop on any skin or mucosal surface, but occurs on the tongue 40% of the time. Granular cell tumors are also known as an "Abrikossoff's tumor"[1][2]. The formation of a granular cell tumor is a neoplastic process and the lesions formed are of neural derivation, as supported by immunophenotypic and ultrastructural evidence. The neoplasm can affect all parts of the body, however, the head and neck areas are affected 45% to 65% of the time. Of the head and neck cases 70% of lesions are located interorally(tongue, oral mucosa, hard palate). The next most common location that lesions are found in the head and neck area is the larynx (10%)[3]. Granular cell tumors are also found in the internal organs, particularly in the upper aerodigestive tract. The usual presentation is of slow growing behavior, forming a polygonal accumulation of secondary lysosomes in the cytoplasm. Granular cell tumors are typically solitary and are rarely larger than three centimeters. This type of tumor has been found to be both benign and malignant, although malignancy is rare and comprises only 2% of all granular cell tumors[4]. The primary method for treatment is surgical, not medical. Radiation and chemotherapy are not needed for benign lesions and are not effective for malignant lesions. Benign granular cell tumors have a recurrence rate of 2% to 8% when resection margins are deemed clear of tumor infiltration. When the resection margins of a benign granular cell tumor are positive for tumor infiltration the recurrence rate is increased to 20%. Malignant lesions are aggressive and difficult to eradicate with surgery and have a recurrence rate of 32%.
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