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| Henry David Thoreau |

Maxham daguerreotype of Henry David Thoreau made in 1856. |
| Full name |
Henry David Thoreau |
| Born |
July 12, 1817(1817-07-12)
Concord, Massachusetts |
| Died |
May 6, 1862 (aged 44)
Concord, Massachusetts
|
| Era |
19th century philosophy |
| Region |
Western Philosophy |
| School |
Transcendentalism |
| Main interests |
Natural history |
| Notable ideas |
Abolitionism, tax resistance, development criticism, civil disobedience, conscientious objection, direct action, environmentalism, nonviolent resistance, simple living |
.^ Henry David Thoreau , Walden, ch.- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Henry David Thoreau , Walden , 1854 .- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Thoreau, Henry David, 1817-1862 .- Browse By Author: T - Project Gutenberg 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.gutenberg.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ His opposition to the Mexican War resulted in the influential essay, Civil Disobedience (1849).
^ Thoreau's argument that it was morally justified to peacefully resist unjust laws inspired Americans involved in the struggle against slavery and the fight for trade union rights and women's suffrage.
^ Thoreau's most popular book, Walden (1854), was a long autobiographical essay in which he set out his ideas on how the individual should live his life.
.^ Journal , edited by Bradford Torrey and Francis H. Allen, volumes 7-20 of The Writings of Henry David Thoreau (Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, 1906); republished as The Journals of Henry David Thoreau , 2 volumes (New York: Dover, 1962).- Henry David Thoreau : The Poetry Foundation : Find Poems and Poets. Discover Poetry. 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.poetryfoundation.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Thoreau's most popular book, Walden (1854), was a long autobiographical essay in which he set out his ideas on how the individual should live his life.
^ Thoreau's journal, the bedrock from which he mined material for all his books and essays, opens on 22 October 1837 with the words, "'What are you doing now?'- Henry David Thoreau : The Poetry Foundation : Find Poems and Poets. Discover Poetry. 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.poetryfoundation.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Thoreau's special contribution was the application of the abstract tenets of Transcendentalism to the natural world, extending the spirit of reform into the new realm of environmentalism.- Henry David Thoreau : The Poetry Foundation : Find Poems and Poets. Discover Poetry. 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.poetryfoundation.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Accordingly, "At length, on Saturday, the last day of August, 1839, we two, brothers, and natives of Concord, weighed anchor in this river port."- Henry David Thoreau : The Poetry Foundation : Find Poems and Poets. Discover Poetry. 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.poetryfoundation.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Walking and writing became two phases of a single activity and the focus of each day.- Henry David Thoreau : The Poetry Foundation : Find Poems and Poets. Discover Poetry. 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.poetryfoundation.org [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
His
literary style interweaves close natural observation, personal experience, pointed rhetoric,
symbolic meanings, and historical lore; while displaying a poetic sensibility, philosophical
austerity, and "Yankee" love of practical detail.
[2] .^ I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived.- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
- Henry David Thoreau quotes, quotations, phrases, words 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.icelebz.com [Source type: Original source]
^ As in geology, so in social institutions, we may discover the causes of all past changes in the present invariable order of society.- Henry David Thoreau quotes, quotations, phrases, words 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.icelebz.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Through an infirmity of our natures, we suppose a case, and put ourselves into it, and hence are in two cases at the same time, and it is doubly difficult to get out.- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
[2]
.^ He admired John Brown, the sturdy farmer with whom he had talked on his visits to Concord, as a liberator of men, and one who dared to defend the settlers' rights.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
Thoreau’s philosophy of
civil disobedience influenced the political thoughts and actions of such later figures as
Leo Tolstoy,
Mahatma Gandhi, and
Martin Luther King, Jr.
Thoreau is sometimes cited as an
individualist anarchist.
[3] Though
Civil Disobedience calls for improving rather than abolishing government– "I ask for, not at once no government, but
at once a better government"
[4]– the direction of this improvement aims at anarchism: “‘That government is best which governs not at all;’ and when men are prepared for it, that will be the kind of government which they will have.”
[4]
Early life and education
.^ Thoreau, Henry David, 1817-1862 .- Browse By Author: T - Project Gutenberg 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.gutenberg.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Henry David Thoreau , attributed .- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Henry David Thoreau Henry David Thoreau ( 1817-1862) .- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
His paternal grandfather was of French origin and was born in
Jersey.
[6] His maternal grandfather, Asa Dunbar, led
Harvard's 1766 student "
Butter Rebellion",
[7] the first recorded student protest in the Colonies.
[8] .^ Thoreau, Henry David, 1817-1862 .- Browse By Author: T - Project Gutenberg 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.gutenberg.org [Source type: Original source]
^ Henry David Thoreau Henry David Thoreau ( 1817-1862) .- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ David Henry Thoreau (his baptismal names were afterward transposed) was born in a farmhouse on the "Virginia Road," a mile and a half east of the village, July 12, 1817.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ David Henry Thoreau (his baptismal names were afterward transposed) was born in a farmhouse on the "Virginia Road," a mile and a half east of the village, July 12, 1817.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
[9] He had two older siblings, Helen and John Jr., and a younger sister, Sophia.
[10] .^ David Henry Thoreau (his baptismal names were afterward transposed) was born in a farmhouse on the "Virginia Road," a mile and a half east of the village, July 12, 1817.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
The house is original, but it now stands about 100 yards away from its first site.
Portrait of Thoreau from 1854.
.^ He always liked and respected Thoreau, but when he told me the story, he added, "I wouldn't have done it for old man Alcott."- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
[11] .^ Thoreau, perhaps remembering his homesickness while there, kindly wrote the following home letter to the little girl: -- Concord, July 31st, 1849.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Emerson, coming home from a visit to him during the last weeks of his life, wrote: -- "Henry praised to me the manners of an old, established, calm, well-behaved river, as distinguished from those of a new river.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ In that year, Mr. Emerson wrote: "My good Henry Thoreau made this else solitary afternoon sunny with his simplicity and clear perception.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ But his ugliness is of an honest and agreeable fashion, and becomes him much better than beauty.- Henry David Thoreau - Wikiquote 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC en.wikiquote.org [Source type: Original source]
^ A man's ignorance sometimes is not only useful, but beautiful-while his knowledge, so called, is oftentimes worse than useless, besides being ugly.- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
[13] .^ Another, born on a farm, who knew and had worked in the black-lead mill many years, said, when I asked what he thought of Thoreau: "Why, he was the best friend I ever had.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Indeed, a half-century in advance of his time was Thoreau's attitude in many matters, as the change in thought and life in New England fifty years after his death shows.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Thoreau wrote and lectured against slavery and for many years was a member of the Underground Railway.
However,
Louisa May Alcott reportedly mentioned to
Ralph Waldo Emerson that Thoreau's facial hair "will most assuredly deflect amorous advances and preserve the man's virtue in perpetuity."
[14]
.^ After attending Harvard University (1833-1837) he joined with his brother to establish his own school in Concord.
^ Thoreau considered that one living bird for study, in its proper haunts, was worth more than a sackful of bird-skins and skeletons.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Wikipedia The Relations Between Religion and Science Eight Lectures Preached Before the University of Oxford in the Year 1884 (English) (as Author) Templeton, Timothy .- Browse By Author: T - Project Gutenberg 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.gutenberg.org [Source type: Original source]
A legend proposes that Thoreau refused to pay the five-dollar fee for a Harvard diploma.
.^ But Lowell must be credited with this high praise of Thoreau's quality as a writer: -- "With every exception there is no writing comparable with Thoreau's in kind, that is comparable with it in degree where it is best soil."- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Thoreau, senior, therefore increased his business and received good prices, at first ten dollars a pound, -- though later it gradually fell to two dollars, -- and sometimes selling five hundred pounds a year.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ His vote is of no more worth than that of any unprincipled foreigner or hireling native, who may have been bought.- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
[15] .^ Let every one mind his own business, and endeavor to be what he was made.- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ "Every human being is the artificer of his own fate.
Return to Concord: 1837-1841
.^ Failing to find at once a better opportunity afar, Thoreau took charge of the Town School in Concord, but, it is said, proving heretical as to Solomon's maxim concerning the rod, did not satisfy the Committeeman, who was a deacon.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Thoreau talked with them in his walks and took some kindly interest.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ After attending Harvard University (1833-1837) he joined with his brother to establish his own school in Concord.
[17]:25 .^ John and Henry took the Concord Academy.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ After attending Harvard University (1833-1837) he joined with his brother to establish his own school in Concord.
[17]:25 They introduced several progressive concepts, including nature walks and visits to local shops and businesses. The school ended when John became fatally ill from
tetanus in 1842
[18] after cutting himself while shaving. He died in his brother Henry's arms.
[19]
.^ [Ralph Waldo Emerson] asked.
^ Thoreau, perhaps remembering his homesickness while there, kindly wrote the following home letter to the little girl: -- Concord, July 31st, 1849.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ He lived for a time in Concord, near the Thoreaus, when a hunted slave came to the village by night to the home of that family.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ The shy Hawthorne went to the Manse, temporarily unoccupied by the Ripley family, and the interesting though perverse genius, William Ellery Channing, with his fair young wife (Margaret Fuller's sister), looking like a Madonna of Raphael's, took a little house on the broad meadow just beyond Emerson's.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Thoreau loved nature and spent most of his free time exploring the local countryside.
^ Is Franklin the only man who is lost, that his wife should be so earnest to find him?- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ In Mr. Emerson's journal for August, 1839, is written: "Last night came to me a beautiful poem from Henry Thoreau, 'Sympathy.'- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ In 1837, the boy of twenty, just graduated, and his writings, had been brought to Mrs. Emerson's notice by Mr. Emerson's sister, Mrs. Brown, who boarded with the Thoreaus.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson (English) (as Editor) Honey-Sweet (English) (as Author) Tuson, William .- Browse By Author: T - Project Gutenberg 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.gutenberg.org [Source type: Original source]
.^ A little later Thoreau's family put his Journals into Mr. Emerson's hands for him to read.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ In Mr. Emerson's journal for August, 1839, is written: "Last night came to me a beautiful poem from Henry Thoreau, 'Sympathy.'- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ David Henry Thoreau (his baptismal names were afterward transposed) was born in a farmhouse on the "Virginia Road," a mile and a half east of the village, July 12, 1817.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ Read the best books first, or you may not have a chance to read them at all.- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ ""What are you doing now?"
‘Do you keep a journal?’
.^ So I make my first entry today."
Thoreau was a philosopher of nature and its relation to the human condition. In his early years he followed
Transcendentalism, a loose and eclectic
idealist philosophy advocated by Emerson, Fuller, and Alcott.
.^ Yes, he was religious; he was more like the ministers than others; that is, like what they would wish and try to be.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ It was the act of a poet rather than a logician -- symbolic -- but read his paper on "Civil Disobedience," and, whatever one thinks of the conclusion, one must respect the man.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ If others pay the tax which is demanded of me, from a sympathy with the State, they do but what they have already done in their own case, or rather they abet injustice to a greater extent than the State requires.- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
In their view, Nature is the outward sign of inward spirit, expressing the “radical correspondence of visible things and human thoughts,” as Emerson wrote in
Nature (1836).
1967 U.S. postage stamp honoring Thoreau.
.^ The matter being generously settled, Thoreau came into the house and sat down to rest in the study.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ A little later Thoreau's family put his Journals into Mr. Emerson's hands for him to read.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Thoreau helped Alcott build the really beautiful summer-house of knotted oak and twisted pine for Mr. Emerson while he was in Europe in 1847-48.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
[21] There, from 1841-1844, he served as the children’s tutor, editorial assistant, and repair man/gardener.
.^ In 1843, after he had lived more than a year with the Emersons, Thoreau went to Staten Island as tutor to one of Mr. William Emerson's sons for several months.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ He relieved his friend Emerson from tasks hopeless to him by his skill in gardening and general household works, and went for a time to Staten Island as a private tutor to the son of Emerson's older brother, William .11 In this visit to New York he became acquainted with Horace Greeley, who appreciated his work and showed himself always generous and helpful in bringing it to publication in various magazines, and getting him paid for it.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Thoreau, while a homesick tutor in Staten Island, in a letter to Emerson thus shows that friendship with the new-comers had begun: -- "DEAR FRIENDS: -- I was very glad to hear your voices from so far....- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
[23]:68
.^ He lived for a time in Concord, near the Thoreaus, when a hunted slave came to the village by night to the home of that family.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Though Channing remained in Concord most of his life, Hawthorne at that time stayed but two years.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ John Thoreau, senior, went into the pencil business on his return to Concord in 1823.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ Henry found in the College library, in an encyclopædia published in Edinburgh, what the graphite ("black lead") was mixed with in the good German pencils, viz., a certain fine Bavarian clay; while here, glue, with a little spermaceti, or bayberry wax, was used.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Horace Hosmer, who, for a time, was the travelling selling agent of the pencils, stated that the Bavarian clay was used here at that time by the New England Glass Company, and by the Phœnix Crucible Company of Taunton.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ After a time the purpose for which their lead was bought was found out by the Thoreaus and they sold it to various firms until after the death of Mr. John Thoreau and his son Henry, when the business was sold by Mrs. Thoreau.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
(The process of mixing graphite and clay, known as the Conté process, was patented by
Nicolas-Jacques Conté in 1795). His other source had been
Tantiusques, an Indian operated mine in
Sturbridge, Massachusetts. Later, Thoreau converted the factory to produce plumbago (graphite), which was used to ink
typesetting machines.
[24]
.^ John Thoreau, senior, went into the pencil business on his return to Concord in 1823.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ His friend and companion, Edward Hoar, said to me, "With Thoreau's life something went out of Concord woods and fields and river that never will return.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ His friend and companion, Edward Hoar, said to me, "With Thoreau's life something went out of Concord woods and fields and river that never will return.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
[25] .^ His simple, direct speech and look and bearing were such that no plain, common man would put him down in his books as a fool, or visionary, or helpless, as the scholar, writer, or reformer would often be regarded by him.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Henry bravely recovered himself from the blow his brother's loss had been at first, when those who knew him said it seemed as if a part of himself had been torn away.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ A saner man would have found himself often enough in formal opposition to what are deemed the most sacred laws of society, through obedience to yet more sacred laws, and so have tested his resolution without going out of his way.- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
Civil Disobedience and the Walden years: 1845–1849
.^ In that year, Mr. Emerson wrote: "My good Henry Thoreau made this else solitary afternoon sunny with his simplicity and clear perception.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ He was at that time living at the house as kindly protector and friend of Mrs. Emerson and the three young children, and attending to his absent friend's affairs in house, garden, and wood-lot.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ In 1843, after he had lived more than a year with the Emersons, Thoreau went to Staten Island as tutor to one of Mr. William Emerson's sons for several months.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
The house was not in wilderness but at the edge of town, 1.5 miles (2.4 km) from his family home.
[citation needed]
.^ He asked him if he knew Thoreau.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ If a thousand men were not to pay their tax-bills this year, that would not be a violent and bloody measure, as it would be to pay them, and enable the State to commit violence and shed innocent blood.- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ A little later Thoreau's family put his Journals into Mr. Emerson's hands for him to read.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
Thoreau refused because of his opposition to the
Mexican-American War and
slavery, and he spent a night in jail because of this refusal. (The next day Thoreau was freed, against his wishes, when his aunt paid his taxes.
[26]) The experience had a strong impact on Thoreau. In January and February 1848, he delivered lectures on "The Rights and Duties of the Individual in relation to Government"
[27] explaining his tax resistance at the
Concord Lyceum. Bronson Alcott attended the lecture, writing in his journal on January 26:
-
.
Thoreau revised the lecture into an essay entitled
Resistance to Civil Government (also known as
Civil Disobedience). In May 1849 it was published by
Elizabeth Peabody in the
Aesthetic Papers. Thoreau had taken up a version of
Percy Shelley's principle in the political poem
The Mask of Anarchy (1819), that Shelley begins with the powerful images of the unjust forms of authority of his time - and then imagines the stirrings of a radically new form of social action.
[29]
.^ He prepared there his first and perhaps best book, the "Week on the Concord and Merrimac Rivers," for publication; he tried his spiritual, intellectual, social and economic experiment, and recorded it; and incidentally made an interesting survey and history of one of the most beautiful and remarkable ponds in Massachusetts.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ "When I first came, a little boy, John said 'I want you to be a good boy and study, because you are my friend's little brother.'- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ He told me that the brothers organized a survey of Fairhaven Hill in Concord and the river-shore below it, to give the boys an idea of the field-work of surveying, and the use of instruments.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ I loved to hear him talk, but I did not like his books so well, though I often read them and took what I liked.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
[21]:234 .^ A little later Thoreau's family put his Journals into Mr. Emerson's hands for him to read.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ After dark, some person, unrecognized by Staples's little daughter, who went to the door, left with the child some money "to pay Mr. Thoreau's tax."- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Emerson wrote of Thoreau: "He who sees the horizon may securely say what he pleases of any twig or tree between him and it."- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ So Thoreau took it in charge for his friend.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ A little later Thoreau's family put his Journals into Mr. Emerson's hands for him to read.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ In that year, Mr. Emerson wrote: "My good Henry Thoreau made this else solitary afternoon sunny with his simplicity and clear perception.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
[citation needed]
.^ He soon became the guide and companion of our early expeditions afield, and, later, the advisor of our first camping trips.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ And, first, it must be remembered that the part of his life lived in the Walden house was from July 4, 1845, to September 6, 1847, just two years and two months of his forty-four years of life.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ Henry David Thoreau , Walden , 1854 .- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ If a thousand men were not to pay their tax-bills this year, that would not be a violent and bloody measure, as it would be to pay them, and enable the State to commit violence and shed innocent blood.- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ The Irishmen on the railroad were obliged to leave off their work for several days, and the farmers left their fields and sought the shade.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
The book compresses that time into a single calendar year, using the passage of four seasons to symbolize human development.
.^ And, first, it must be remembered that the part of his life lived in the Walden house was from July 4, 1845, to September 6, 1847, just two years and two months of his forty-four years of life.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
Later years: 1851-1862
Henry David Thoreau, taken August 1861.
.^ The virtue of Thoreau has always commanded respect; of his knowledge of Natural History, Lowell alone, as far as I know, has spoken slightingly.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ A little later Thoreau's family put his Journals into Mr. Emerson's hands for him to read.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Thoreau wrote in his journal: "It is always a recommendation to me to know that a man has ever been poor, has been regularly born into this world; knows the language....- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
He admired
William Bartram, and
Charles Darwin’s
Voyage of the Beagle. He kept detailed observations on Concord's nature lore, recording everything from how the fruit ripened over time to the fluctuating depths of Walden Pond and the days certain birds migrated. The point of this task was to “anticipate” the seasons of nature, in his words.
[30]
He became a land surveyor and continued to write increasingly detailed natural history observations about the 26 square miles (67 km
2) township in his journal, a two-million word document he kept for 24 years.
.^ The virtue of Thoreau has always commanded respect; of his knowledge of Natural History, Lowell alone, as far as I know, has spoken slightingly.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Such homage Nature ne'er forgets; And yearly on the coverlid 'Neath which her darling lieth hid Will write his name in violets.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ However, at the request of the selectmen, I condescended to make some such statement as this in writing:‑‑Know all men by these presents, that I, Henry Thoreau, do not wish to be regarded as a member of any incorporated society which I have not joined.- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
Until the 1970s, literary critics dismissed Thoreau’s late pursuits as amateur science and philosophy.
.^ Indeed, a half-century in advance of his time was Thoreau's attitude in many matters, as the change in thought and life in New England fifty years after his death shows.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ To a philosopher all news, as it is called, is gossip, and they who edit and read it are old women over their tea.- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
For instance, his late essay, "The Succession of Forest Trees," shows that he used experimentation and analysis to explain how forests regenerate after fire or human destruction, through dispersal by seed-bearing winds or animals.
.^ He was at that time living at the house as kindly protector and friend of Mrs. Emerson and the three young children, and attending to his absent friend's affairs in house, garden, and wood-lot.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
Other travels took him southwest to
Philadelphia and
New York City in 1854, and west across the
Great Lakes region in 1861, visiting
Niagara Falls,
Detroit,
Chicago,
Milwaukee,
St. Paul and
Mackinac Island.
[31] Although provincial in his physical travels, he was extraordinarily well-read and vicariously a world traveler. He obsessively devoured all the first-hand travel accounts available in his day, at a time when the last unmapped regions of the earth were being explored. He read Magellan and Cook, the arctic explorers Franklin, Mackenzie and Parry, Darwin's account of his voyage on the Beagle, Livingstone and Burton on Africa, Lewis and Clark; and hundreds of lesser-known works by explorers and literate travelers.
[32] Astonishing amounts of global reading fed his endless curiosity about the peoples, cultures, religions and natural history of the world, and left its traces as commentaries in his voluminous journals. He processed everything he read, in the local laboratory of his Concord experience. Among his famous aphorisms is his advice to "Live at home like a traveler."
.^ In the first days of the Harper's Ferry raid, when Brown's friends and backers, hitherto, were in doubt as to their attitude in this crisis, Thoreau, taking counsel of none, announced that he should speak in the church vestry, on John Brown, to whoever came.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
Thoreau was disgusted by this, and he composed a speech –
A Plea for Captain John Brown – which was uncompromising in its defense of Brown and his actions. Thoreau’s speech proved persuasive: first the abolitionist movement began to accept Brown as a martyr, and by the time of the
American Civil War entire armies of the North were
literally singing Brown’s praises. As a contemporary biographer of John Brown put it: “If, as
Alfred Kazin suggests, without John Brown there would have been no Civil War, we would add that without the Concord Transcendentalists, John Brown would have had little cultural impact.”
[33]
Death
Thoreau family graves at Sleepy Hollow Cemetery.
Thoreau contracted
tuberculosis in 1835 and suffered from it sporadically afterwards.
.^ Even his health could not throw off a chill got by long stooping in a wet snow storm counting the growth-rings on the stumps of some old trees.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
His health declined over three years with brief periods of remission, until he eventually became bedridden.
.^ Another, born on a farm, who knew and had worked in the black-lead mill many years, said, when I asked what he thought of Thoreau: "Why, he was the best friend I ever had.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Thoreau with friendly courtesy did the honours of the river and the wood to each man in turn, for he held with Emerson that Nature says "One to one, my dear."- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ I talked with the mechanic who showed me this, and who worked with the Thoreaus from the first, was actively helpful in the improvements and at last bought out the business from Mrs. Thoreau and carried it on for years, -- and with others who knew something of the matter.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
He also wrote letters and journal entries until he became too weak to continue. His friends were alarmed at his diminished appearance and were fascinated by his tranquil acceptance of death.
.^ "I did not know we had ever quarrelled, Aunt," was the pleasant answer.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ He asked him if he knew Thoreau.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ When we left the table and were passing into the parlour, Thoreau asked me to come with him to our East door -- our more homelike door, facing the orchard.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
[34]
.^ How Thoreau felt when alone with Nature may be gathered from his words about her, "At once our Destiny and Abode, our Maker and our Life."- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ The late George Bradford Bartlett remembered Thoreau's coming often to his father, good Doctor Bartlett's house.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Miles thinks that John Thoreau, Sr., may have thought of the air-blast plan, but that Henry at any rate worked out the details.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
[36] Emerson wrote the
eulogy spoken at his funeral.
[37] Originally buried in the Dunbar family plot, he and members of his immediate family were eventually moved to
Sleepy Hollow Cemetery (N42° 27' 53.7" W71° 20' 33") in Concord, Massachusetts.
.^ Henry David Thoreau , Journals, 1906 1842 entry .- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
.^ Thoreau helped Alcott build the really beautiful summer-house of knotted oak and twisted pine for Mr. Emerson while he was in Europe in 1847-48.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ I talked with the mechanic who showed me this, and who worked with the Thoreaus from the first, was actively helpful in the improvements and at last bought out the business from Mrs. Thoreau and carried it on for years, -- and with others who knew something of the matter.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
A new, expanded edition of the journals is underway, published by Princeton University Press.
.^ Thoreau with friendly courtesy did the honours of the river and the wood to each man in turn, for he held with Emerson that Nature says "One to one, my dear."- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
His memory is honored by the international
Thoreau Society.
Beliefs
“Most of the luxuries and many of the so-called comforts of life are not only not indispensable, but positive hindrances to the elevation of mankind.”
Thoreau was an early advocate of recreational hiking and
canoeing, of conserving natural resources on private land, and of preserving wilderness as public land. Thoreau was also one of the first American supporters of
Darwin's
theory of evolution. He was not a strict
vegetarian, though he said he preferred that diet
[39] and advocated it as a means of self-improvement. He wrote in
Walden: “The practical objection to animal food in my case was its uncleanness; and besides, when I had caught and cleaned and cooked and eaten my fish, they seemed not to have fed me essentially.
.^ A look, a gesture, an act, which to everybody else is insignificant tells you more about that one than words can.- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
A little bread or a few potatoes would have done as well, with less trouble and filth.”
[40]
Thoreau neither rejected civilization nor fully embraced wilderness. Instead he sought a middle ground, the
pastoral realm that integrates both nature and culture. His philosophy required that he be a didactic arbitration between the wilderness he based so much on and the spreading mass of North American humanity.
.^ Speech is for the convenience of those who are hard of hearing; but there are many fine things which we cannot say if we have to shout.- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ I quarrel not with far‑off foes, but with those who, near at home, co‑operate with, and do the bidding of, those far away, and without whom the latter would be harmless.- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ Where I lived was as far off as many a region viewed nightly by astronomers.- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ It is not many moments that I live under a government, even in this world.- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Taking for his motto, -- "Make courage for life to be Capitaine Chief," he, with truth and Nature to help him, cut a way through to freedom.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ It was like traveling into a far country, such as I had never expected to behold, to lie there for one night.- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Thoreau enjoyed his surveying, and the more if it led him into the wild lands East of the Sun, West of the Moon.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ Henry David Thoreau , attributed .- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Henry David Thoreau Henry David Thoreau ( 1817-1862) .- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Henry David Thoreau , Walden, ch.- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
His expectations were high because he hoped to find genuine, primeval America.
.^ "That the light which he hid under a bushel was worth more than the personal and real estate of Concord at that time.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ He is far more real, and daily practically obeying them, than I, and fortifies my memory at all times with an affirmative experience which refuses to be set aside."- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
Instead of coming out of the woods with a deepened appreciation of the wilds, Thoreau felt a greater respect for civilization and realized the necessity of balance.”
[citation needed]
On alcohol, Thoreau wrote: “I would fain keep sober always… I believe that water is the only drink for a wise man; wine is not so noble a liquor… Of all ebriosity, who does not prefer to be intoxicated by the air he breathes?”
[40]
Influence
Thoreau’s writings influenced many public figures. Political leaders and reformers like
Mahatma Gandhi, President
John F. Kennedy, civil rights activist
Martin Luther King, Jr., Supreme Court Justice
William O. Douglas, and
Russian author
Leo Tolstoy all spoke of being strongly affected by Thoreau’s work, particularly
Civil Disobedience. So did many artists and authors including
Edward Abbey,
Willa Cather,
Marcel Proust,
William Butler Yeats,
Sinclair Lewis,
Ernest Hemingway,
Upton Sinclair,
[41] E. B. White,
Lewis Mumford [42],
Frank Lloyd Wright,
Alexander Posey [43] and
Gustav Stickley.
[44] . Thoreau also influenced naturalists like
John Burroughs,
John Muir,
E. O. Wilson,
Edwin Way Teale,
Joseph Wood Krutch,
B. F. Skinner,
David Brower and
Loren Eiseley, whom
Publisher's Weekly called "the modern Thoreau."
[45] Anarchist and
feminist Emma Goldman also appreciated Thoreau and referred to him as “the greatest American anarchist.” English writer
Henry Stephens Salt wrote a biography of Thoreau in 1890,which popularized Thoreau's ideas in Britain:
George Bernard Shaw,
Edward Carpenter and
Robert Blatchford were among those who became Thoreau enthusiasts as a result of Salt's advocacy.
[46]
Mahatma Gandhi first read
Walden in 1906 while working as a civil rights activist in
Johannesburg,
South Africa. He told American reporter
Webb Miller, "[Thoreau's] ideas influenced me greatly.
.^ The man of whom I speak was the friend of my childhood and early youth, and living and dead has helped me, and in no common way.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Yesterday I found a nice arrowhead, which was lost some time before by an Indian who was hunting there.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ After dark, some person, unrecognized by Staples's little daughter, who went to the door, left with the child some money "to pay Mr. Thoreau's tax."- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ In that year, Mr. Emerson wrote: "My good Henry Thoreau made this else solitary afternoon sunny with his simplicity and clear perception.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Here is Thoreau's word seventy-five years ago.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
[47]
Martin Luther King, Jr. noted in his autobiography that his first encounter with the idea of non-violent resistance was reading "On Civil Disobedience" in 1944 while attending
Morehouse College. He wrote in his autobiography that it was
.^ If others pay the tax which is demanded of me, from a sympathy with the State, they do but what they have already done in their own case, or rather they abet injustice to a greater extent than the State requires.- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ It is for no particular item in the tax‑ bill that I refuse to pay it.- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ They think that, if they should resist, the remedy would be worse than the evil.- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
Fascinated by the idea of refusing to cooperate with an evil system, I was so deeply moved that I reread the work several times.
I became convinced that noncooperation with evil is as much a moral obligation as is cooperation with good.
.^ Henry David Thoreau , attributed .- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Henry David Thoreau Henry David Thoreau ( 1817-1862) .- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Henry David Thoreau , Walden, ch.- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
As a result of his writings and personal witness, we are the heirs of a legacy of creative protest.
.^ Moreover, any man more right than his neighbors constitutes a majority of one already.- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ When we left the table and were passing into the parlour, Thoreau asked me to come with him to our East door -- our more homelike door, facing the orchard.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ It is not my business to be petitioning the Governor or the Legislature any more than it is theirs to petition me; and, if they should not hear my petition, what should I do then?- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ But Lowell must be credited with this high praise of Thoreau's quality as a writer: -- "With every exception there is no writing comparable with Thoreau's in kind, that is comparable with it in degree where it is best soil."- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ These lean periods occurred when this good man could find no hearing for the spiritual mission, especially to the young, to which he felt himself called.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
[48]
The
University of Michigan's
New England Literature Program is an experiential literature and writing program run through the university's Department of English Language and Literature which was started in the 1970s by professors Alan Howes and Walter Clark.
.^ He used to visit Thoreau at Walden and remembers how the house was arranged.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ Indeed, a half-century in advance of his time was Thoreau's attitude in many matters, as the change in thought and life in New England fifty years after his death shows.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ Emerson wrote of Thoreau: "He who sees the horizon may securely say what he pleases of any twig or tree between him and it."- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Thoreau, living by Walden wrote: "In a pleasant spring morning all men's sins are forgiven.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ This man said that, in his early youth, in Russia, he had read one of Thoreau's books, and it had determined him to become a free man and helped him through the toil and danger required.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
[49] and, in
.^ To speak critically, I never received more than one or two letters in my life-I wrote this some years agothat were worth the postage.- Henry David Thoreau 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.milligan.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ How Thoreau felt when alone with Nature may be gathered from his words about her, "At once our Destiny and Abode, our Maker and our Life."- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Thoreau, living by Walden wrote: "In a pleasant spring morning all men's sins are forgiven.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
[50]
Thoreau inspired children's book author and illustrator D.B. Johnson to create a series of picture books based on Thoreau. The first book
Henry Hikes to Fitchburg has become a bestseller.
[citation needed]
Anarchism
Anarchism started to have an ecological view mainly in the writings of Thoreau.
.^ In his books, particularly "Walden," the contentious tone may linger unpleasantly in the reader's ears and memory, but remember, Thoreau, in his day, was administering wholesome, if bitter, medicine.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ This man said that, in his early youth, in Russia, he had read one of Thoreau's books, and it had determined him to become a free man and helped him through the toil and danger required.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ 'The aspirations of parents often become realizations in the children'; John Thoreau and wife were seen year after year on the west bank of the Assabet, on Fairhaven, Lee's Hill, [Nashawtuc] and at Walden.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
For
George Woodcock this attitude can be also motivated by certain idea of resistance to progress and of rejection of the growing materialism which is the nature of american society in the mid XIX century." In the late 19th century Anarchist naturism appeared as the union of
anarchist and
naturist philosophies.
[52][53] Mainly it had importance within
individualist anarchist circles
[54][55] in Spain
[52][54][53], France
[54][56] and Portugal
[57]. An important influence was Thoreau.
John Zerzan himself included the text "Excursions" (1863) by Thoreau in his edited compilation of anti-civilization writings called
Against civilization: Readings and reflections from 1999.
[58]
Critique
| Henry David Thoreau |

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Thoreau’s ideas were not universally applauded by some of his contemporaries in literary circles.
Scottish author
Robert Louis Stevenson judged Thoreau’s endorsement of living alone in natural simplicity, apart from modern society, to be a mark of
effeminacy:
…Thoreau’s content and ecstasy in living was, we may say, like a plant that he had watered and tended with womanish solicitude; for there is apt to be something unmanly, something almost dastardly, in a life that does not move with dash and freedom, and that fears the bracing contact of the world. In one word, Thoreau was a skulker.
.^ Why, then, did he go out of jail?- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ I did not wish to take a cabin passage, but rather to go before the mast and on the deck of the world, for there I could best see the moonlight amid the mountains.- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ He loved to talk with all kinds and conditions of men if they had no hypocrisy or pretence about them, and though high in his standard of virtue, and most severe with himself, could be charitable to the failings of humble fellow-men.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
He left all for the sake of certain virtuous self-indulgences.
[59]
Poet
John Greenleaf Whittier detested what he deemed to be the message of
Walden, decreeing that Thoreau wanted man to "lower himself to the level of a
woodchuck and walk on four legs." He went further to castigate the work as "very wicked and heathenish", remarking "I prefer walking on two legs."
[60]
In response to such criticisms, English novelist
George Eliot, writing for the
Westminster Review, characterized such critics as uninspired and narrow-minded:
People– very wise in their own eyes– who would have every man’s life ordered according to a particular pattern, and who are intolerant of every existence the utility of which is not palpable to them, may pooh-pooh Mr. Thoreau and this episode in his history, as unpractical and dreamy.
[61]
Modern historian Richard Zacks pokes fun at Thoreau, writing:
.^ He lived for a time in Concord, near the Thoreaus, when a hunted slave came to the village by night to the home of that family.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ I think he went down to Walden to pry into the arts of Nature and get something that wasn't open to the public.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ In his books, particularly "Walden," the contentious tone may linger unpleasantly in the reader's ears and memory, but remember, Thoreau, in his day, was administering wholesome, if bitter, medicine.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ Reynolds, and Mr. Staples, we felt as if a tripod upholding Concord's high standards and kindly, simple life had fallen.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ John Thoreau, senior, went into the pencil business on his return to Concord in 1823.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ They err entirely who suppose that he counselled every one to build hermitages in the woods, break with society and live on meal.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
.^ They err entirely who suppose that he counselled every one to build hermitages in the woods, break with society and live on meal.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ There is no more fatal blunderer than he who consumes the greater part of his life getting his living.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
.^ His mother found the little boy lying so one night, long after he had gone upstairs, and said, "Why, Henry dear, why don't you go to sleep?"- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ A little later Thoreau's family put his Journals into Mr. Emerson's hands for him to read.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ In 1843, after he had lived more than a year with the Emersons, Thoreau went to Staten Island as tutor to one of Mr. William Emerson's sons for several months.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
[62]
Works
See also
References
- ^ Biography of Henry David Thoreau, American Poems (2000-2007 Gunnar Bengtsson).
- ^ a b Henry David Thoreau : A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers / Walden / The Maine Woods / Cape Cod, by Henry David Thoreau, Library of America, ISBN 0940450275
- ^ Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences, edited by Edwin Robert Anderson Seligman, Alvin Saunders Johnson, 1937, p. 12.
- ^ a b Thoreau, H. D. Resistance to Civil Government
- ^ Nelson, Randy F. The Almanac of American Letters. Los Altos, California: William Kaufmann, Inc., 1981: 51. ISBN 086576008X
- ^ Ancestors of Mary Ann Gillam and Stephen Old
- ^ History of the Fraternity System
- ^ Trivia-Library
- ^ Henry David Thoreau, Meet the Writers, Barnes & Noble.com
- ^ Biography of Henry David Thoreau, American Poems (2000-2007 Gunnar Bengtsson)
- ^ THUR-oh or Thor-OH? And How Do We Know? Thoreau Reader
- ^ Thoreau, H.D. Cape Cod
- ^ American Notebooks Nathaniel Hawthorne
- ^ Gilman, William, et al., The Journals and Miscellaneous Notebooks of Ralph Waldo Emerson 16 vols. (Cambridge, Mass 1960-)
- ^ "Thoreau's Diploma" American Literature Vol. 17, May 1945. 174-175.
- ^ Walter Harding, "Live Your Own Life", Geneseo Summer Compass, 4 June 1984. Accessed 2009-11-21.
- ^ a b c Robert Sattelmeyer, Thoreau's Reading: A Study in Intellectual History with bibliographical catalogue, Chapter 2, Princeton: Princeton University Press (1988).
- ^ Dean, Bradley P. "A Thoreau Chronology"
- ^ Woodlief, Ann "Henry David Thoreau"
- ^ "The Walden Woods Project".
- ^ a b c Cheever, Susan (2006). American Bloomsbury: Louisa May Alcott, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Margaret Fuller, Nathaniel Hawthorne, and Henry David Thoreau; Their Lives, Their Loves, Their Work. Detroit: Thorndike Press. Large print edition. p. 90. ISBN 078629521X.
- ^ Salt, H.S. (1890). The Life of Henry David Thoreau. London: Richard Bentley & Son. pp. p. 69.
- ^ F. B. Sanborn (ed.), The Writings of Henry David Thoreau, VI, Familiar Letters, (Chapter 1, Years of Discipline) Boston: Houghton Mifflin & Co. (1906).
- ^ Conrad, Randall. (Fall 2005). "The Machine in the Wetland: Re-imagining Thoreau's Plumbago-Grinder". Thoreau Society Bulletin (253).
- ^ A Chronology of Thoreau's Life, with Events of the Times, The Thoreau Project, Calliope Film Resources, accessed 11 June 2007
- ^ Rosenwald, Lawrence. "The Theory, Practice & Influence of Thoreau's Civil Disobedience". William Cain, ed. A Historical Guide to Henry David Thoreau. Cambridge: Oxford University Press, 2006.
- ^ Thoreau, H. D. letter to Ralph Waldo Emerson February 23, 1848
- ^ Alcott, Bronson. Journals. Boston: Little, Brown, 1938.
- ^ http://www.morrissociety.org/JWMS/SP94.10.4.Nichols.pdf
- ^ Henry David Thoreau, "Autumnal Tints", The Atlantic Monthly (October 1862) pp. 385-402. (Reprint. Accessed 2009-11-21.)
- ^ Henry David Thoreau, The Annotated Walden (1970), Philip Van Doren Stern, ed., pp. 96, 132
- ^ John Aldrich Christie, Thoreau as World Traveler, Columbia University Press (1965)
- ^ Reynolds, David S. John Brown, Abolitionist Knopf (2005), p. 4
- ^ Simon Critchley, The Book of Dead Philosophers, p. 181, New York: Random House (2009).
- ^ The Writer's Almanac
- ^ Packer, Barbara L. The Transcendentalists. Athens, Georgia: The University of Georgia Press, 2007: 272. ISBN 9780820329581.
- ^ Emerson, Ralph Waldo Thoreau. The Atlantic August 1862.
- ^ Walden, or Life in the Woods (Chapter 1: “Economy”)
- ^ Brooks, Van Wyck. The Flowering of New England. New York: E. P. Dutton and Company, Inc., 1952. p. 310
- ^ a b Cheever, Susan (2006). American Bloomsbury: Louisa May Alcott, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Margaret Fuller, Nathaniel Hawthorne, and Henry David Thoreau; Their Lives, Their Loves, Their Work. Detroit: Thorndike Press. Large print edition. p. 241. ISBN 078629521X.
- ^ Maynard, W. Barksdale, Walden Pond: A History. Oxford University Press, 2005.(pg.265)
- ^ Mumford, Lewis, The Golden Day: A Study in American Experience and Culture. Boni and Liveright, 1926. (pgs. 56-9)
- ^ Posey, Alexander. Lost Creeks: Collected Journals. (Edited by Matthew Wynn Sivils) Univerisity of Nebraska Press, 2009. (pg. 38)
- ^ Saunders, Barry. A Complex Fate: Gustav Stickley and the Craftsman Movement. Preservation Press, 1996. (pg. 4)
- ^ Kifer, Ken Analysis and Notes on Walden: Henry Thoreau’s Text with Adjacent Thoreauvian Commentary
- ^ Hendrick, George and Oehlschlaeger,Fritz (eds.) Toward the Making of Thoreau's Modern Reputation, University of Illinois Press, 1979.
- ^ Miller, Webb. I Found No Peace. Garden City, 1938. 238-239
- ^ King, M.L. Autobiography of Martin Luther King, Jr. chapter two
- ^ Skinner, B. F., A Matter of Consequences
- ^ Skinner, B. F., Walden Two (1948)
- ^ Burkholder, James Peter. Charles Ives and His World. Princeton University Press, 1996 (pgs. 50-1)
- ^ a b EL NATURISMO LIBERTARIO EN LA PENÍNSULA IBÉRICA (1890-1939) by Jose Maria Rosello
- ^ a b "Anarchism, Nudism, Naturism" by Carlos Ortega
- ^ a b c "LA INSUMISIÓN VOLUNTARIA. EL ANARQUISMO INDIVIDUALISTA ESPAÑOL DURANTE LA DICTADURA Y LA SEGUNDA REPÚBLICA (1923-1938)" by Xavier Diez
- ^ "Les anarchistes individualistes du début du siècle l'avaient bien compris, et intégraient le naturisme dans leurs préoccupations. Il est vraiment dommage que ce discours se soit peu à peu effacé, d'antan plus que nous assistons, en ce moment, à un retour en force du puritanisme (conservateur par essence).""Anarchisme et naturisme, aujourd'hui." by Cathy Ytak
- ^ Recension des articles de l'En-Dehors consacrés au naturisme et au nudisme
- ^ ["Anarchisme et naturisme au Portugal, dans les années 1920" in Les anarchistes du Portugal by João Freire]
- ^ 'Againts civilization: Readings and reflections' by [[John Zerzan (editor)]]
- ^ Stevenson, Robert Louis. "Henry David Thoreau: His Character and Opinions". Cornhill Magazine. June 1880.
- ^ Wagenknecht, Edward. John Greenleaf Whittier: A Portrait in Paradox. New York: Oxford University Press, 1967: 112.
- ^ The New England Quarterly, Vol. 6, No. 4 (Dec., 1933), pp. 733-746
- ^ Zacks, Richard. An Underground Education, Doubleday Publishing. 1997, p19.
- ^ The Landlord from Cornell University Library
- ^ A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers from Project Gutenberg
- ^ Aesthetic papers from the Internet Archive
- ^ Walking from Project Gutenberg
- ^ Wild Apples: The History of the Apple Tree from Project Gutenberg
- ^ Excursions from the Internet Archive
- ^ Life without Principle from Cornell University Library
- ^ Night and Moonlight from Cornell University Library
- ^ The Maine Woods from The Thoreau Reader
- ^ The Maine woods from The Internet Archive
- ^ Cape Cod from The Thoreau Reader
- ^ Letters to various persons from the Internet Archive
- ^ A Yankee in Canada, with Anti-slavery and reform papers from the Internet Archive
- ^ Summer: from the Journal of Henry D. Thoreau from the Internet Archive
- ^ Winter : from the Journal of Henry D. Thoreau from the Internet Archive
- ^ Autumn. From the Journal of Henry D. Thoreau from the Internet Archive
- ^ Familiar letters of Henry David Thoreau the Internet Archive
- ^ The first and last journeys of Thoreau : lately discovered among his unpublished journals and manuscripts Vol. 1 from the Internet Archive
- ^ The first and last journeys of Thoreau : lately discovered among his unpublished journals and manuscripts Vol. 2 from the Internet Archive
- ^ The Journal of Henry David Thoreau
Further reading
- Bode, Carl. Best of Thoreau's Journals. Southern Illinois University Press. 1967.
- Botkin, Daniel. No Man's Garden.
- Dassow, Laura. .^ Henry David Thoreau , Journals, 1906 1842 entry .
- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Books by and about Henry David Thoreau Click this icon to engrave the quote on mugs, bookmarks, t-shirts and much more .- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Henry David Thoreau , Walden; or, Life in the Woods (1854) .- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
University of Wisconsin. 1995. ISBN 0299147444
- Dean, Bradley P. ed., Letters to a Spiritual Seeker. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2004.
- Harding, Walter. The Days of Henry Thoreau. Princeton University Press, 1982.
- Hendrix, George. The Influence of Thoreau's "Civil Disobedience" on Gandhi's Satyagraha. The New England Quarterly. 1956.
- Howarth, William. .^ His friend and companion, Edward Hoar, said to me, "With Thoreau's life something went out of Concord woods and fields and river that never will return.
- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
Viking Press, 1982.
- Myerson, Joel et al. .^ Henry David Thoreau , Journals, 1906 1842 entry .
- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Books by and about Henry David Thoreau Click this icon to engrave the quote on mugs, bookmarks, t-shirts and much more .- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Henry David Thoreau , Walden; or, Life in the Woods (1854) .- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
Cambridge University Press. 1995.
- Nash, Roderick. .
- Parrington, Vernon.^ Henry David Thoreau , Journals, 1906 1842 entry .
- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Books by and about Henry David Thoreau Click this icon to engrave the quote on mugs, bookmarks, t-shirts and much more .- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Henry David Thoreau , Walden; or, Life in the Woods (1854) .- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
Main Current in American Thought. V 2 online. 1927.
- Petroski, Henry. H. D. Thoreau, Engineer. American Heritage of Invention and Technology, Vol. 5, No. .
- Richardson, Robert D. Henry Thoreau: A Life of the Mind.^ Henry David Thoreau , Walden; or, Life in the Woods (1854) .
- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles. 1986. ISBN 0520063465
- Tauber, Alfred I. .^ David Henry Thoreau (his baptismal names were afterward transposed) was born in a farmhouse on the "Virginia Road," a mile and a half east of the village, July 12, 1817.
- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ HENRY DAVID THOREAU .- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Henry David Thoreau .- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
University of California, Berkeley. .
- Thoreau, Henry David.^ Henry David Thoreau , Journals, 1906 1842 entry .
- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Books by and about Henry David Thoreau Click this icon to engrave the quote on mugs, bookmarks, t-shirts and much more .- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Henry David Thoreau , Walden; or, Life in the Woods (1854) .- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
A Week, Walden, The Maine Woods, Cape Cod (Robert F. Sayre, ed.) .
- Thoreau, Henry David.^ Henry David Thoreau , attributed .
- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Henry David Thoreau , Walden, ch.- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Henry David Thoreau , Walden , 1854 .- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
Collected Essays and Poems (Elizabeth Hall Witherell, ed.) .
- Thoreau, Henry David.^ Henry David Thoreau , Walden, ch.
- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Henry David Thoreau , Walden , 1854 .- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Henry David Thoreau , attributed .- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
The Price of Freedom: Excerpts from Thoreau’s Journals ISBN 9781434805522
External links
Texts
- The Thoreau Reader. .
- Thoreau's Life & Writings, at the Thoreau Institute at Walden Woods.
- The Writings of Henry David Thoreau, at Princeton University Press
- Works by Henry David Thoreau at Project Gutenberg.^ Henry David Thoreau , Journals, 1906 1842 entry .
- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Books by and about Henry David Thoreau Click this icon to engrave the quote on mugs, bookmarks, t-shirts and much more .- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
^ Henry David Thoreau , Walden; or, Life in the Woods (1854) .- Henry David Thoreau Quotes :: Quoteland :: Quotations by Author 17 January 2010 1:58 UTC www.quoteland.com [Source type: Original source]
.
- Works by Henry David Thoreau at Internet Archive.^ David Henry Thoreau (his baptismal names were afterward transposed) was born in a farmhouse on the "Virginia Road," a mile and a half east of the village, July 12, 1817.
- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ HENRY DAVID THOREAU .- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
^ Miles thinks that John Thoreau, Sr., may have thought of the air-blast plan, but that Henry at any rate worked out the details.- "Henry Thoreau as Remembered by a Young Friend" by Edward Emerson 15 September 2009 14:48 UTC www.vcu.edu [Source type: Original source]
Scanned books.
- Walden from American Studies at the University of Virginia
- Selected Essays from American Studies at the University of Virginia
- Thoreau's Journal Drippings; a Monthly Digest of Excerpts from Thoreau's Journal
- Excerpts from Thoreau’s Journals (relating to political philosophy)
- Poems of Thoreau
Manuscripts
Other links
| Persondata |
| NAME |
Thoreau, Henry David |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES |
Thoreau, David Henry |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION |
American author, naturalist, transcendentalist, tax resister, development critic, and philosopher |
| DATE OF BIRTH |
July 12, 1817 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH |
Concord, Massachusetts |
| DATE OF DEATH |
May 6, 1862 |
| PLACE OF DEATH |
Concord, Massachusetts |