| Honeysuckle | |
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| 1. A flowering branch, 2. A fruiting branch, 3. Longitudinal section of a flower, 4. Fruit cut horizontally. | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Asterids |
| Order: | Dipsacales |
| Family: | Caprifoliaceae |
| Genus: | Lonicera L. |
| Species | |
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See text - Selected Species |
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Honeysuckles (Lonicera, pronounced /lɒˈnɪsərə/;[1] syn. Caprifolium Mill.) are arching shrubs or twining vines in the family Caprifoliaceae, native to the Northern Hemisphere. There are about 180 species of honeysuckle, 100 of which occur in China; Europe and North America have only about 20 native species each. Widely known species include Lonicera periclymenum (European Honeysuckle or Woodbine), Lonicera japonica (Japanese Honeysuckle, White Honeysuckle, or Chinese Honeysuckle) and Lonicera sempervirens (Coral Honeysuckle, Trumpet Honeysuckle, or Woodbine Honeysuckle). Hummingbirds are attracted to these plants.
The leaves are opposite, simple oval, 1–10 cm long; most are deciduous but some are evergreen. Many of the species have sweetly-scented, bell-shaped flowers that produce a sweet, edible nectar. Breaking of the Honeysuckle's stem will release this powerful sweet odor. The fruit is a red, blue or black berry containing several seeds; in most species the berries are mildly poisonous, but a few (notably Lonicera caerulea) have edible berries. The plant is eaten by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species - see list of Lepidoptera that feed on honeysuckles.
The name Lonicera stems from Adam Lonicer, a Renaissance botanist.
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Honeysuckle is used in herbal cough medicines.[citation needed]
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Lonicera acuminata 
 Lonicera ciliosa - Orange Honeysuckle |
Lonicera lanceolata |
HONEYSUCKLE (Mid. Eng., honysocle, i.e. any plant from which honey may be sucked, - cf. A.-S. huni-suge, privet; Ger. Geissblatt; Fr. chevrefeuille), botanical name Lonicera, a genus of climbing, erect or prostrate shrubs, of the natural order Caprifoliaceee, so named after the 16th-century German botanist Adam Lonic2r. The British species is L. Periclymenum, the woodbine; L. Caprifolium and L. Xylosteum are naturalized in a few counties in the south and east of England. Some of the garden varieties of the woodbine are very beautiful, and are held in high esteem for their delicious fragrance, even the wild plant, with its pale flowers, compensating for its sickly looks " with never-cloying odours." The North American subevergreen L. sempervirens, with its fine heads of blossoms, commonly called the a trumpet honeysuckle, ` ?? the most handsome of -, ,„ all the cultivated honeyv f suckles, is a distinct and ° beautiful species pro - ducing both scarlet and c yellow flowered varie ? ties, and the Japanese L. flexuosa var. aureoreticulata is esteemed "r for its charmingly varie Yin, gated leaves netted with golden yellow. The fly honeysuckle, L. Xylosteum, a hardy shrub of dwarfish, erect habit, and L. tatarica, of similar habit, both European, are amongst the oldest English garden shrubs, and bear axillary flowers of various colours, occur Honeysuckle. - (a) Flowering branch; ring two on a peduncle. (b) flower, nat. size; (c) fruit, slightly There are numerous reduced. other species, many of them introduced to our gardens, and well worth cultivating in shrubberies or as climbers on walls and bowers, either for their beauty or the fragrance of their blossoms.
In the western counties of England, and generally by agriculturists, the name honeysuckle is applied to the meadow clover, Trifolium pratense. Another plant of the same family (Leguminosae) Hedysarum coronarium, a very handsome hardy biennial often seen in old-fashioned collections of garden plants, is commonly called the French honeysuckle. The name is moreover applied with various affixes to several other totally different plants. Thus white honeysuckle and false honeysuckle are names for the North American Azalea viscosa; Australian or heath honeysuckle is the Australian Banksia serrata, Jamaica honeysuckle, Passiflora laurifolia, dwarf honeysuckle the widely spread Cornus suecica, Virgin Mary's honeysuckle the European Pulmonaria officinalis, while West Indian honeysuckle is Tecoma capensis, and is also 'a' name applied to Desmodium. The wood of the fly honeysuckle is extremely hard, and the clear portions between the joints of the stems, when their pith has been removed, were stated by Linnaeus to be utilized in Sweden for making tobacco-pipes. The wood is also employed to make teeth for rakes; and, like that of L. tatarica, it is a favourite material for walking-sticks.
Honeysuckles (Lonicera) flourish in any ordinary garden soil, but are usually sadly neglected in regard to pruning. This should be done about March, cutting out some of the old wood, and shortening back some of the younger growths of the preceding year. (J. Ws.)
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| Honeysuckle | |||||||||||||
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| File:European honeysuckle | |||||||||||||
| European Honeysuckle | |||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | |||||||||||||
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Honeysuckles are types of shrubs or vines in the family Caprifoliaceae. They are found in North America, Asia and Europe. There are about 180 different types of honeysuckle. Over 100 types of honeysuckle are found in China. Europe and North America have only about 20 types each.
Many types of honeysuckles have bell-shaped flowers. These flowers make a sweet nectar that can be eaten. The fruit is a red, blue or black berry that has several seeds. The berries of most honeysuckles are mildly poisonous, but a few have berries that are good to eat.
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