Ibu Pertiwi (English: Mother Earth)[1] is a national personification of Indonesia and East Malaysia, the allegory of Tanah Air (Indonesian: land and water), the Indonesian Motherland. Since prehistoric times the tribes of the Indonesian archipelago often revered earth and nature spirits as a life giving mother, a female deity of nature. After the adoption of Hinduism in the early first millennium, Ibu Pertiwi was identified with Prithvi, the Hindu mother goddess of Earth, who was thus given the name "Pertiwi".
Ibu Pertiwi is popular in Indonesian patriotic songs and poems and was mentioned in several of them, such as the song "Ibu Pertiwi" and "Indonesia Pusaka". In the national anthem "Indonesia Raya" the lyrics "Jadi pandu ibuku" ("Become the scout/guide for my mother") is a reference to Ibu Pertiwi. Despite her popularity in patriotic songs and poems, her physical representations and images are rare.
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