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| Islamic Republic of Pakistan
اسلامی جمہوریہ پاکِستان
Islāmī Jumhūrī-ye Pākistān
|
|
|
Motto: اتحاد، تنظيم، يقين مُحکم
Ittehad, Tanzim, Yaqeen-e-Muhkam (Urdu)
"Unity, Discipline and Faith" |
Anthem: "Qaumi Tarana"
|
|
|
| Capital |
Islamabad
33°40′N 73°10′E / 33.667°N 73.167°E / 33.667; 73.167 |
| Largest city |
Karachi |
| Official language(s) |
Urdu (National)
English (Government) |
| Regional languages |
Punjabi, Pashto, Sindhi, Seraiki and Balochi |
| Demonym |
Pakistani |
| Government |
Federal semi-presidential republic |
| - |
President |
Asif Zardari (PPP) |
| - |
Prime Minister |
Yousaf Gillani (PPP) |
| - |
Chair of Senate |
Farooq Naek (PPP) |
| - |
House Speaker |
Fahmida Mirza (PPP) |
| - |
Chief Justice |
Iftikhar Chaudhry |
| Formation |
| - |
Independence |
from the United Kingdom |
| - |
Declared |
14 August 1947 |
| - |
Islamic republic |
23 March 1956 |
| Area |
| - |
Total |
803,940 km2 (36th)
340,403 sq mi |
| - |
Water (%) |
3.1 |
| Population |
| - |
2010 estimate |
169,010,500[1] (6th) |
| - |
1998 census |
132,352,279[2] |
| - |
Density |
210.2/km2 (55th)
496.5/sq mi |
| GDP (PPP) |
2008 estimate |
| - |
Total |
$422.392 billion[3] (27th) |
| - |
Per capita |
$2,624[3] (133rd) |
| GDP (nominal) |
2008 estimate |
| - |
Total |
$164.557 billion[3] (48th) |
| - |
Per capita |
$1,022[3] (142nd) |
| Gini (2002) |
30.6 (medium) |
| HDI (2007) |
▲ 0.572[4] (medium) (141st) |
| Currency |
Pakistani Rupee (Rs.) (PKR) |
| Time zone |
PST (UTC+5) |
| - |
Summer (DST) |
PDT (UTC+6) |
| Drives on the |
left[5] |
| Internet TLD |
.pk |
| Calling code |
92 |
.^ The clashes broke out after pro-Taliban militants abducted four Pakistan soldiers in South Waziristan on January 1, the official said.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
.^ US drone attack in South Waziristan Agency near the Pakistan-Afghanistan border.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Turkmen, some Arabs and Waziri tribal fighters, were killed and several others injured when an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) fired four Hellfire missiles on Shnawana village in South Waziristan, along the border with Afghanistan.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[6] Tajikistan also lies very close to Pakistan but is separated by the narrow
Wakhan Corridor. Thus, it occupies a crossroads position between South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East.
[7] The region forming modern Pakistan was at the heart of the ancient
Indus Valley Civilisation and then later was the recipient of
Vedic,
Persian,
Indo-Greek,
Turco-Mongol,
Islamic and
Sikh cultures. The area has witnessed invasions and/or settlements by the
Indo-Aryans,
Persians,
Greeks,
Arabs,
Turks,
Afghans,
Mongols and the
British.
[8]
.^ Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 INDIA PAKISTAN NEPAL BHUTAN BANGLADESH SRI LANKA Terrorism Update Latest S.A.Overview Publication .- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Beena Sarwar Jan 9, 2005 interacts: 68 In Pakistan, the demand for Indian visas is as much as 1500 – per day – from around the country - .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Muqam, who is also provincial president of the ruling Pakistan Muslim League, escaped unhurt.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
.^ October 20: A powerful bomb explodes in a crowded market on near the headquarters of a paramilitary force at Peshawar in the North West Frontier Province killing nine people and injuring more than 30.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ "The attackers then opened fire and the policemen did not have a chance to retaliate," the North West Frontier Province (NWFP) police chief Malik Naveed told AFP. "It appears to be a terrorist attack," he added.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ December 4: In the first such attack of its kind, a female suicide bomber blew herself up in a high security zone in Peshawar, capital of the North West Frontier Province.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
With the adoption of its
constitution in 1956, Pakistan became an
Islamic republic.
.^ East Pakistan to Bangladesh .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Nadeem F Paracha Feb 28, 2008 interacts: 130 Student politics in Pakistan has had a history of mixed fortunes and shades.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Pakistan’s emerging political scenario point to the first signs of an uneasy coexistence between the military regime and the political forces ...- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Athar Osama Sep 23, 2007 interacts: 4 Is military rule the solution to Pakistan's problems?- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
It is also the
sixth most populous country in the world and has
the second largest Muslim population after
Indonesia.
[9] Pakistan also has the second largest
Shia Muslim population.
[10] It is the only
Muslim-majority nuclear state.
.^ Muhammad Ashraf Nov 7, 2006 interacts: 4 How many votes a party requires to win a majority in National Assembly or Pakistan?- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Four children were among six civilians killed in a suspected missile attack from an unmanned United States spy plane on the Pakistan-Afghanistan border in North Waziristan.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
Etymology
The name
Pakistan (
Urdu pronunciation: [paːkɪsˈtaːn] (
listen)) means
Land of (the) Pure in
Urdu and
Persian (
Farsi).
.^ The Islami Jamiat Talaba (student wing of the Jamaat-e-Islami) alleged that activists of the All Pakistan Mohajir Students Organisation (APMSO) had attacked its workers who were in the bus.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[11] The name is a
portmanteau representing the "thirty million Muslims of PAKISTAN, who live in the five Northern Units of
British Raj —
Punjab,
Afghania (now known as North-West Frontier Province),
Kashmir,
Sindh, and
Balochistan."
[12]History
"The Priest King" Wearing Sindhi Ajruk, ca. 2500 BC.
National Museum, Karachi, Pakistan
.^ Three persons, including a security force personnel, were killed and several others injured in the Swat valley of the NWFP. .- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ The Afghan army saw Taliban militants firing mortars and rockets from several positions and Pakistans military confirmed three of the firing sites were on their soil, the statement said.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[13]
Waves of conquerors and migrants from the west — including Harappan,
Indo-Aryans,
Persians,
Greeks,
Sakas,
Parthians,
Kushans,
Hephthalites,
Afghans,
Arabs,
Turks and
Mughals — settled in the region throughout the centuries, influencing the locals and being absorbed among them.
[14] Ancient empires of the east — such as the
Nandas,
Mauryas,
Sungas,
Guptas and the
Palas — ruled these territories at different times from
Patliputra.
[15].^ Beena Sarwar Jan 9, 2005 interacts: 68 In Pakistan, the demand for Indian visas is as much as 1500 – per day – from around the country - .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Successive ancient empires and kingdoms ruled the region: the
Achaemenid Persian empire around 543 BCE,
[18] the Greek empire founded by
Alexander the Great in 326 BCE and the
Mauryan empire thereafter.
[19]
In 712
CE, the Arab general
Muhammad bin Qasim conquered
Sindh and
Multan in southern
Punjab.
[22] .^ One is based on the government of Pakistan’s state funded educational institutions and modern curricula and other one is based on the centuries old system of madarassas’ religi .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[23] .^ A house came under attack in South Waziristan and four persons, including two Canadians of Arab origin, were killed.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
During this period,
Sufi missionaries played a pivotal role in converting a majority of the regional Buddhist and Hindu population to
Islam.
.^ September 28: Four soldiers are killed and five others sustain injuries during a remote-controlled landmine explosion in the Shakai area of South Waziristan.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Helicopter gun-ships targeted a cluster of compounds at Salamt village in the Zamzola area, 30km to the east of Razmak in South Waziristan.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ India is South Asia’s Natural Hegemon .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[24] .^ According to the ISPR spokesman, Major General Athar Abbas, "Nearly 55 to 60 Taliban have been killed over the last 24 hours in the Buner operation."- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ "Our offensive against militants has been continuing since last night and there are reports that 20 to 30 more militants have been killed," military spokesperson Major General Waheed Arshad told AFP .- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ However, the military spokesman, Major General Athar Abbas, denied the operation in South Waziristan and said SFs had just consolidated their positions in the region.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
In the 1920s and 1930s, a movement led by the
Hindu politician
Mahatma Gandhi, and displaying commitment to long enshrined
Hindu tenet of
ahimsa, or non-violence, engaged millions of protesters in mass campaigns of
civil disobedience.
[25]
The
All India Muslim League rose to popularity in the late 1930s amid fears of under-representation and neglect of Muslims in politics. On 29 December 1930,
Allama Iqbal's presidential address called for an autonomous "state in northwestern India for Indian Muslims, within the body politic of India."
[26] Quaid e Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah espoused the
Two Nation Theory and led the Muslim League to adopt the
Lahore Resolution of 1940, popularly known as the
Pakistan Resolution. In early 1947, Britain announced the decision to end its
rule in India.
.^ Police said Muhammad Sarwar shot dead the minister during a brief power cut during the open court at Pakistan Muslim League House.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
.^ January 15: A bomb exploded at an Afghan refugee camp in the Nowshera district of North West Frontier Province (NWFP), killing four people and injuring five others.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ October 20: A powerful bomb explodes in a crowded market on near the headquarters of a paramilitary force at Peshawar in the North West Frontier Province killing nine people and injuring more than 30.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ "The attackers then opened fire and the policemen did not have a chance to retaliate," the North West Frontier Province (NWFP) police chief Malik Naveed told AFP. "It appears to be a terrorist attack," he added.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[27] .^ Yousuf Saeed Nov 2, 1998 interacts: 2 a peace march to Pakistan across the India-Pakistan border .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Rohan Oberoi Jul 2, 1999 interacts: 63 No one in India, it seems, has a clue what people across the border in Pakistan are thinking .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Ali Chishti Oct 15, 2008 interacts: 85 Emigration of Hindus post partition left a vacuum which was filled by the educated Muslim immigrants from India.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[28] Disputes arose over several
princely states including Muslim-majority
Jammu and Kashmir, whose
Hindu ruler had acceded to India following an invasion by Pashtun tribal militias, leading to the
First Kashmir War in 1948.
[29]
From 1947 to 1956, Pakistan was a
Dominion in the
Commonwealth of Nations.
.^ The bombing, reportedly the biggest terrorist attack on the military since Pakistan joined the US-led war on terrorism, occurred at around 8:30am in a ground opposite the PRC fort in Kurkai the area.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Muqam, who is also provincial president of the ruling Pakistan Muslim League, escaped unhurt.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Political agent Pirzada Khan, who was in the office at the time, is reported to have escaped unhurt.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[30] .^ Rahul Ghosh Sep 23, 2001 interacts: 103 There seems to be a lot of acrimony and bad-blood between some Indian and Pakistani contributors ...- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Feroz R Khan Apr 12, 2000 interacts: 232 For the Indian war planners, the Pakistan Air Force is their worst fear...- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ According to the deal signed between the government and militants in September 2006, the army has to take the peace committee into confidence before taking action in the area.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[31]
The two wings of Pakistan in 1970;
East Pakistan separated from the West wing in 1971 as an independent
Bangladesh.
.^ Muqam, who is also provincial president of the ruling Pakistan Muslim League, escaped unhurt.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ It was the third attack by the US drones in South Waziristan in January 2009 and the first after Barack Obama became the US President.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ February 25: A suicide bomber killed eight people, including the Pakistan Armys surgeon general, in Rawalpindi - the highest-ranking military official killed since the country joined the US-led war on terror.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
Zia introduced the Islamic
Sharia legal code, which increased religious influences on the civil service and the military.
.^ October 18: A suicide bombing in a crowd welcoming former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto killed 143 persons and injured approximately 550 others in Karachi.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ December 27: Benazir Bhutto, the former Prime Minister and PPP Chairperson, was assassinated in a gun and suicide attack as she drove away from a campaign rally just minutes after addressing thousands of supporters at Liaquat Bagh in Rawalpindi.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
.^ Babar Mufti Aug 24, 2007 interacts: 31 Nawaz Sharif’s expected reentry in Pakistan is creating a new power configuration.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Feroz R Khan Nov 3, 1998 interacts: 36 Crisis in the shadows of power: Is Pakistan entering an institutional crisis acknowledging Nawaz Sharif’s imperial designs?- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Chowk Press Oct 8, 1997 interacts: 2 Next Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif met with President Clinton.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ I was told by a Pakistani consultant living a prosperous life in Saudi Arabia that Pakistan has nothing to offer.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The US-led coalition in Afghanistan said it was not involved.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ The US-led coalition said it received permission from Pakistan to attack across the border on August 25, but this was denied by the chief military spokesperson in Islamabad.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[32]
.^ Pervez Hoodbhoy Jun 4, 1999 interacts: 15 India and Pakistan conducted their nuclear tests one year ago.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Feroz R Khan Jan 1, 1999 interacts: 68 Siachen-Kargil: India, Pakistan, Kashmir and forgotton lessons of history .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Abdul Hakim Jun 18, 1999 interacts: 49 Searching for your identity as a second generation Pakistani in Britain.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[33][34] In 2001, Musharraf became
President after the controversial resignation of
Rafiq Tarar.
.^ July 30: Seven persons, including the attacker, are killed in a suicide bomb attack on the car of Finance Minister and Prime Minister-designate, Shaukat Aziz, at village Jaffar in Fateh Jang.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Rashid Malik Dec 15, 2009 interacts: 250 The army took over the rein of power again in Pakistan in 1977 and executed the elected Prime minister.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Shaukat Aziz has been foisted on Pakistan as part of post-Musharraf scenario .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Muhammad Shaikh Jun 15, 2007 interacts: 3 The month of March this year may be considered a turning point in the judicial history of Pakistan, but more so it will be remembered for manifestation of the powerful role played by the media.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Muhammad Ashraf Nov 7, 2006 interacts: 4 How many votes a party requires to win a majority in National Assembly or Pakistan?- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Grace Kennedy Jul 12, 2007 interacts: 15 About private adoptions from Pakistan .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Babar Mufti Aug 24, 2007 interacts: 31 Nawaz Sharif’s expected reentry in Pakistan is creating a new power configuration.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Feroz R Khan Nov 3, 1998 interacts: 36 Crisis in the shadows of power: Is Pakistan entering an institutional crisis acknowledging Nawaz Sharif’s imperial designs?- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Feroz R Khan May 29, 2000 interacts: 38 Pakistan, as a nation, seems to have entered a political terra incognita from which it is unlikely to return .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ December 27: Benazir Bhutto, the former Prime Minister and PPP Chairperson, was assassinated in a gun and suicide attack as she drove away from a campaign rally just minutes after addressing thousands of supporters at Liaquat Bagh in Rawalpindi.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
.^ February 18th, 2008-Election Day .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Pakistan Elections 2008 - An analysis .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Yasser Latif Hamdani Feb 22, 2008 interacts: 767 What if instead of a PPP prime minister or PML-N prime minister, ANP’s Asfandyar Wali Khan was to become the Prime Minister of Pakistan?- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[35] .^ Pervez Hoodbhoy Apr 21, 2008 interacts: 145 The Musharraf years are over.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Ali Chishti Nov 14, 2008 interacts: 63 Asif Zardari led government today is an extension of Mushraff’s government; authenticating Mushraff’s policies regarding war on terror and shifting the pendulum of power from Punjab to Sindh .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Joe Athialy Dec 11, 2008 interacts: 26 The article 'The Terrorists Want to Destroy Pakistan, Too' by Pakistan President Asif Ali Zardari, published in NYT on December 9, 2008 is significant in many ways.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Taliban were also killed," said the ISPR, adding that six more militants were killed in a search operation at Derai.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ The clashes broke out after pro-Taliban militants abducted four Pakistan soldiers in South Waziristan on January 1, the official said.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ The dead also included three civilians and a local militant, residents and Taliban sources said.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[37]
Government and politics
Prime Minister's Secretariat, Islamabad
Pakistan is a
semi-presidential federal democratic republic with
Islam as the state religion.
[38] .^ Feroz R Khan Sep 9, 2002 interacts: 49 Pakistan will re-take its first fledging steps towards democracy .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Chowk Nov 3, 2007 interacts: 190 As of 6PM on Saturday President General Musharraf has suspended the constitution and declared State of Emergency in Pakistan.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Waqas S Khan Dec 14, 1997 interacts: 9 The first topic of conversation is always Pakistan.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
The Constitution of 1973 — suspended in 1977, by
Zia-ul-Haq, but re-instated in 1985 — is the country's most important document, laying the foundations of the current government.
[14].^ The bomb was planted to strike Member of the National Assembly, Ahmadan Bugti, the lawmaker, escaped unhurt.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
The
President is the
Head of State and the
Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces and is elected by an
electoral college.
.^ Muhammad Ashraf Nov 7, 2006 interacts: 4 How many votes a party requires to win a majority in National Assembly or Pakistan?- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ June 9: Front-ranking leader of Baluchistan National Party (BNP), Mir Aslam Gichki is assassinated along with an associate in Mashkey, Quetta.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Seven persons, including an Awami National Party leader and two Frontier Constabulary personnel, were killed in different parts of the Swat District.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
.^ Ammara Ahmad Sep 16, 2009 interacts: 2 The chief minister of Punjab recently announced that 32 universities in Punjab adopt the four years honors system.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Provincial Governors are appointed by the President.
[38]
.^ The advertising agency is located near Bilawal House, office of the Pakistan Peoples Party.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ The blast occurred within the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) camp and many of the dead, including three women, were activists of the party.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Muqam, who is also provincial president of the ruling Pakistan Muslim League, escaped unhurt.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
A politically
nationalist insurgency in Balochistan was also bloodlessly
quelled by military
governor Rahimuddin.
[41] .^ The advertising agency is located near Bilawal House, office of the Pakistan Peoples Party.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ The blast occurred within the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) camp and many of the dead, including three women, were activists of the party.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Muqam, who is also provincial president of the ruling Pakistan Muslim League, escaped unhurt.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[38]
.^ Asim Hayat Feb 22, 1998 interacts: 29 The constitution defines Pakistan as an Islamic nation and guarantees freedom to all other religion.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ A suicide bomber targeted the United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) office in Islamabad, killing five persons, including a UN diplomat and two women employees.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[38] .^ November 10: A tribal peace committee member, Malik Khan Jan, and his three associates are killed when a bomb hit their vehicle at Shakai in South Waziristan.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ The Political-Economy of the South Asian Economic Union .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[38] .^ Four children were among six civilians killed in a suspected missile attack from an unmanned United States spy plane on the Pakistan-Afghanistan border in North Waziristan.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
.^ Major Zahid of the Pakistan Army was also reported to have been killed during the encounter.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Agha Amin Dec 7, 2007 interacts: 69 The Afghan War started a grand party for Pakistan's ruling elite and even Pakistan.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[44] But relations soured in the 1990s, when sanctions were imposed by the U.S. over Pakistan's refusal to abandon its nuclear activities.
[45] .^ Akmal Hussain Nov 16, 2007 interacts: 112 There is little doubt that Pakistan is under attack by the combined forces of Al Qaeda and Taliban.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Hussain Gadehi Sep 24, 2007 interacts: 3 An overview of the declasified US secret documents, it has been alleged in those documents that the Pakistan is supporting the Taliban .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ September 13: Two Taliban militants and a soldier were killed at Kuz Bamakhela near Matta in Swat, when troops conducting a search operation were attacked by the Taliban.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
.^ Kamal Siddiqi Mar 8, 2009 interacts: 165 Ironically, more people have been killed by Al Qaeda and the Taliban in Pakistan than by the three “enemies?- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ All this and more while facing more than 40 years of US trade and financial embargoes.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Military spokesman Major General Athar Abbas confirmed the bombing and said the action was taken as a reaction to the attack of militants on SFs and a rescue team on July 3.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[46] .^ Pervez Hoodbhoy May 23, 2003 interacts: 54 Pakistan cannot bear the shock of nearly a million of its own people being dispossessed .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Agha Amin Dec 7, 2007 interacts: 69 The Afghan War started a grand party for Pakistan's ruling elite and even Pakistan.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Comments on Ongoing Debate about ISI in the Afghan War .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
As of 2004, in contexts of the
War on Terrorism Pakistan was been referred to as part of the
Greater Middle East by the U.S. under the Bush administration
[47]
.^ February 18th, 2008-Election Day .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Pakistan Elections 2008 - An analysis .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The advertising agency is located near Bilawal House, office of the Pakistan Peoples Party.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
.^ Rashid Malik Dec 15, 2009 interacts: 250 The army took over the rein of power again in Pakistan in 1977 and executed the elected Prime minister.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ A Letter to the Prime Minister of Pakistan .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[49] .^ Beena Sarwar Aug 18, 2008 interacts: 294 Musharraf’s departure is just one step in the process of democracy, for the continuation of which Pakistan and its allies will need all the patience they can muster.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Chowk Nov 3, 2007 interacts: 190 As of 6PM on Saturday President General Musharraf has suspended the constitution and declared State of Emergency in Pakistan.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Moeed Pirzada Jan 18, 2008 interacts: 567 First it was Ms Bhutto who was conspiring along with the US to destabilise and denuclearise Pakistan.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[50] .^ Beena Sarwar Sep 12, 2008 interacts: 62 Asif Ali Zardari's presidential nomination was widely condemned - but the fact is that he is now the democratically elected President of Pakistan.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The advertising agency is located near Bilawal House, office of the Pakistan Peoples Party.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Riaz Haq Jan 1, 2009 interacts: 133 It began with Bhutto's widower Asif Ali Zardari taking over the reigns of Pakistan Peoples Party, Pakistan's largest political party, and ended with rising tensions in South Asia.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[51]
Subdivisions
Provinces and territories of Pakistan
-
.^ January 9: A Bugti tribal chief and his three bodyguards were killed in a landmine explosion in the Bekar area of Dera Bugti District in Balochistan.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ January 4: Three persons were killed during sectarian clashes in the Jalmai and Meangak area of Kurram Agency of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA).- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Three persons were killed and 20 others injured in sectarian clashes at Parachinar in the Kurram Agency of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas..- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[52](PATA)
.^ Jungraiz Pukhtunyar Feb 16, 2008 interacts: 338 Election in Tribal Areas and Pukhtunkhua province has been marred by violence.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ September 16 : Ten Taliban militants were killed and several others injured when Pakistan Army helicopter gunship and fighter jets fired shells at militant hideouts in Bajaur Agency in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA).- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Tribal and official sources said the jetfighters targeted the hideouts and compounds of the militants in Utmankhel area, killing four militants and targeting three compounds.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
.^ India, Pakistan and the Kashmir dispute .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ March 26: Seven people, including two women, were killed and two others sustained injuries when gunmen ambushed a Government ambulance in the Lower Kurram region.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Amandeep Midha Jul 4, 1999 interacts: 27 I begin the issue right from 1947 when India and Pakistan were planned to be two separate countries .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Militants reportedly beheaded two followers of rival cleric Pir Sameeullah in the Gwalerai area of Matta tehsil (revenue division).- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ It was the first incident of its kind in Dir Lower, where SFs in the summer crushed a Taliban-led insurgency concentrated in Maidan and Adinzai tehsil (revenue division) of the Dir Lower District.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ March 26: Seven people, including two women, were killed and two others sustained injuries when gunmen ambushed a Government ambulance in the Lower Kurram region.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
.^ Three Shias, including a union council chief, were killed in Quetta, the Balochistan capital, by unidentified men in a suspected sectarian incident.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Tribal sources told The News that the US drone fired three missiles at a house, which the militants had occupied from Zangi Khan Burki, a local influential trader, and turned it into their 'Markaz' or headquarters.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ December 2: The local Taliban killed three people and injured five others in an attack on a cockfight fare at the Shene Ghundae village in the Shabqadar dub-division of Charsadda district of NWFP. .- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
.^ Feroz R Khan Jan 28, 2004 interacts: 127 Currently, there are two distinct educational systems in Pakistan.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ November 25: Seven more militants were killed and 10 others arrested as the SFs continued their operations in the Shahukhel area of the Orakzai Agency.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Seven militants were killed and 20 others injured when troops clashed with the LI in Shalobar area of Bara tehsils (revenue unit) in Khyber Agency.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Sources said a landmine planted in the Marwar area of Dera Bugti District exploded, hitting a Frontier Corps vehicle.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[54]
Demographics
Population density in Pakistan
.^ Zafir Zia Jun 26, 2009 interacts: 7 Pakistan today considered to be among the top 20 countries in the world that are gravely endangered to the adverse affects of climate change.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ While he will be remembered for his heroism, his global vision and his genuine ambition to transform Pakistan into a world power under his leadership, he will be condemned for making the deal with the devil and .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Umair A Khan Oct 23, 2005 interacts: 180 Spare a scream for the 100,000 dead and 3 million homeless, muted out of world media.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
By the year 2020, the country's population is expected to reach 220 million, owing to a relatively high growth rate.
[57] About 20% of the population live below the international poverty line of US$1.25 a day.
[58] Population projections for Pakistan are relatively difficult because of the differences in the accuracy of each census and the inconsistencies between various surveys related to the fertility rate, but it is likely that the rate of growth peaked in the 1980s and has since declined significantly.
[59] Life expectancy at birth was 63 for females and 62 for males in 2006.
[60] Healthy life expectancy at birth was at 54 for males and 52 for females in 2003.
[60] Expenditure on health was at 2% of the GDP in 2006.
[60] The mortality below 5 was at 97 per 1,000 live births in 2006.
[60]
The majority of southern Pakistan's population lives along the
Indus River. By population size,
Karachi is the largest city of Pakistan.
[61] In the northern half, most of the population lives about an arc formed by the cities of
Lahore,
Faisalabad,
Rawalpindi,
Islamabad,
Gujranwala,
Sialkot,
Gujrat,
Jhelum,
Sargodha and
Sheikhupura. In the past, the country's population had a relatively high growth rate that has, however, been moderated by declining fertility and birth rates. Dramatic social changes have led to rapid urbanization and the emergence of
megacities.
.^ November 2: At least 35 persons, including two women and children, were killed and 63 others sustained injuries when a suicide bomber blew himself up outside a branch of the National Bank of Pakistan in Rawalpindi.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Zeemax Jan 8, 2000 interacts: 332 Kashmir does not belong to Pakistan regardless of historical events during partition...- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Yasser Latif Hamdani Jan 30, 2003 interacts: 281 Anti-Pakistanism and neo-Indian Nationalism .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[62]Pakistan has a multicultural and multi-ethnic society and hosts one of the largest refugee populations in the world as well as a young population.
.^ Beena Sarwar Jan 17, 2009 interacts: 111 As tensions between Pakistan and India continue to see-saw, citizens in both countries are stepping up efforts for peace through initiatives .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Rohan Oberoi Jul 2, 1999 interacts: 63 No one in India, it seems, has a clue what people across the border in Pakistan are thinking .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Amandeep Midha Jul 4, 1999 interacts: 27 I begin the issue right from 1947 when India and Pakistan were planned to be two separate countries .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[65] .^ About the identity of the deceased, the Police said two of them seemed to be Uzbeks or Tajiks while the remaining two were said to be Afghan nationals having long locks and beards.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Mehdi Hasan Sep 14, 1998 interacts: 12 During the last many years, religious intolerance and sectarian fanaticism have created a war-like situation in Pakistan .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Mahmood Jan 27, 2008 interacts: 148 A chopping tool found in Pakistan dates to 2 million years ago, earlier than the earliest hominid remains, the Homo species "Narmada Man," (250,000 years ago).- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[66] .^ Soumitra Bose Feb 21, 1999 interacts: 30 India had never been a Nation, it is still not one .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Cities by population (2010 estimate)[67]
| Rank |
City |
Location |
Population |
Rank |
City |
Location |
Population |
view • talk • edit
Karachi, Sindh
Lahore, Punjab |
| 1 |
Karachi |
Sindh |
13,205,339 |
11 |
Sargodha |
Punjab |
600,501 |
| 2 |
Lahore |
Punjab |
7,129,609 |
12 |
Bahawalpur |
Punjab |
543,929 |
| 3 |
Faisalabad |
Punjab |
2,880,675 |
13 |
Sialkot |
Punjab |
510,863 |
| 4 |
Rawalpindi |
Punjab |
1,991,656 |
14 |
Sukkur |
Sindh |
493,438 |
| 5 |
Multan |
Punjab |
1,606,481 |
15 |
Larkana |
Sindh |
456,544 |
| 6 |
Hyderabad |
Sindh |
1,578,367 |
16 |
Sheikhupura |
Punjab |
426,980 |
| 7 |
Gujranwala |
Punjab |
1,569,090 |
17 |
Jhang |
Punjab |
372,645 |
| 8 |
Peshawar |
NWFP |
1,439,205 |
18 |
Rahim Yar Khan |
Punjab |
353,112 |
| 9 |
Quetta |
Balochistan |
896,090 |
19 |
Mardan |
NWFP |
352,135 |
| 10 |
Islamabad |
Capital Territory |
689,249 |
20 |
Gujrat |
Punjab |
336,727 |
Languages
.^ Sadanand Dhume Dec 7, 1998 interacts: 47 Pakistan is more an army with a state than a state with an army.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Kamal Siddiqi Mar 8, 2009 interacts: 165 Ironically, more people have been killed by Al Qaeda and the Taliban in Pakistan than by the three “enemies?- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Vivek Balaraman Jul 4, 2009 interacts: 310 What Pakistan urgently needs are more Morpheuses who will awaken the country.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ An unnamed senior Government official claimed the targeted compounds were being used by local militants as a training and transit camp to launch attacks in Afghanistan.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Rizwana Khan Sep 1, 2005 interacts: 9 It is easier to blame Urdu language for all the ails in every area of education in Pakistan.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Major Ethnic Groups in Pakistan
Punjabi is the provincial language of
Punjab.
.^ October 20: A powerful bomb explodes in a crowded market on near the headquarters of a paramilitary force at Peshawar in the North West Frontier Province killing nine people and injuring more than 30.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ "The attackers then opened fire and the policemen did not have a chance to retaliate," the North West Frontier Province (NWFP) police chief Malik Naveed told AFP. "It appears to be a terrorist attack," he added.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ December 4: In the first such attack of its kind, a female suicide bomber blew herself up in a high security zone in Peshawar, capital of the North West Frontier Province.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
Sindhi is the provincial language of
Sindh and
Balochi is the provincial language of
Balochistan.
[68]
Other languages include Aer,
Badeshi,
Bagri,
Balti, Bateri,
Bhaya,
Brahui,
Burushaski, Chilisso,
Dameli,
Dehwari,
Dhatki,
Domaaki,
Farsi (Dari), Gawar-Bati, Ghera, Goaria, Gowro,
Gujarati,
Gujari, Gurgula,
Hazaragi,
Hindko (two varieties), Jadgali, Jandavra, Kabutra,
Kachchi (Kutchi),
Kalami,
Kalasha, Kalkoti, Kamviri,
Kashmiri, Kati,
Khetrani,
Khowar, Indus Kohistani, Koli (three varieties), Lasi, Loarki,
Marwari,
Memoni, Od,
Ormuri,
Pahari-Potwari, Pakistan Sign Language,
Palula (Phalura), Sansi, Savi,
Shina (two varieties),
Torwali, Ushojo, Vaghri,
Wakhi, Waneci, and
Yidgha.
[69] Some of these are endangered languages with a relatively small number of speakers and others have hundreds of thousands of speakers. Most of the languages belong to the
Indo-Iranian branch of the
Indo-European family. The exceptions are
Burushaski, which is a
language isolate;
Balti, which is
Sino-TIbetan; and Brahui, which is
Dravidian.
Religions
Pakistan is the second-most populous
Muslim-majority country[9][70] and also has the second-largest
Shi'a population in the world.
[10] About 95% of the Pakistanis are
Muslim, of which nearly 75% are
Sunni and 20% are
Shi'a.
[14] .^ Although no group claimed responsibility for the incident, the killings are reported to be part of a series of sectarian attacks that started in Quetta a couple of months ago.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[71]The religious breakdown of the country is as follows:
[14]- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[72]
Military
.^ Tariq Aqil Nov 8, 2009 interacts: 76 Time is here for all patriotic forces to band together and demand the return of Jinnah’s Pakistan.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ The gun-battle began when the security forces stopped a vehicle they suspected was carrying militants at the Sour Bridge check-post near the Doaba town.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ A number of eyewitnesses claimed that a suicide bomber carried out the attack using an IED near the Kanju Bridge.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Air attacks were carried out in Kharkay, Damadola, Gatkai, Irab, Gat Agra, Tarkho and Kass areas.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
.^ Zulfiqar Mehsud, a spokesperson for militant commander Baitullah Mehsud, claimed responsibility for the attacks on the security forces.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
.^ Pakistan’s emerging political scenario point to the first signs of an uneasy coexistence between the military regime and the political forces ...- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ H P Feb 24, 2008 interacts: 346 Benazir is now remembered as a Rani, a princess and soon will turn in to the first woman Saint in Pakistan.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The Afghan army saw Taliban militants firing mortars and rockets from several positions and Pakistans military confirmed three of the firing sites were on their soil, the statement said.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
.^ In Pakistan, only the lives of politicians, feudals, army officers and visiting foreigners (from western Europe or USA) has any value .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Major Zahid of the Pakistan Army was also reported to have been killed during the encounter.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ A helicopter gunship fired on a suspicious car that was following an army convoy near the Afghan border, killing four suspected militants.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[73] .^ Feroz R Khan Jan 2, 1999 interacts: 9 India and Pakistan go to war!- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Anwar Iqbal Dec 25, 2001 interacts: 359 Looking at the current India, Pakistan conflict as Manto would have .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Umair Raja Aug 11, 2002 interacts: 281 India may actually be helping Pakistan in the long run, not harming it, with its current war hysteria .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
In 1973, the military quelled a
Baloch nationalist uprising.
.^ He also claimed that the Taliban have captured seven soldiers of the Afghan National Army and shot down a Nato helicopter, killing its crew.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ A spokesman for the BLA claimed responsibility for the attack saying that those killed were spying for the Military Intelligence and the Inter-Services Intelligence.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ June 11: The army killed 22 Taliban militants during fierce clashes in South Waziristan, the Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR) said.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
.^ Vinod Vyasulu Jun 24, 1999 interacts: 22 Could it be that there is a feeling that India does not accept the existence of Pakistan?- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Pervez Hoodbhoy Jun 4, 1999 interacts: 15 India and Pakistan conducted their nuclear tests one year ago.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Rohan Oberoi Jul 2, 1999 interacts: 63 No one in India, it seems, has a clue what people across the border in Pakistan are thinking .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ August 19: At least 15 militants were killed during military operations that targeted militant hideouts near the Mir Ali town in North Waziristan.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ December 7: The military spokesman Major General Waheed Arshad confirmed that eight militants were killed and four arrested after a clash in Miranshah, headquarters of North Waziristan.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Cobra helicopters killed three suspected militants, pounding what was believed to be their base, after the firefight in Mir Ali town of North Waziristan, the military said.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
.^ Kamal Siddiqi Mar 8, 2009 interacts: 165 Ironically, more people have been killed by Al Qaeda and the Taliban in Pakistan than by the three “enemies?- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Mushahid Hussain Jun 10, 2001 interacts: 353 Like any institution in a status quo society, the Armed Forces badly need reforms as well.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ More than 40 people, including 10 civilians, were killed in the Swat and Shangla districts of the NWFP when gunship helicopters and security forces continued targeting militants hideouts and faced retaliation.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
In the past, Pakistani personnel have volunteered to serve alongside Arab forces in conflicts with
Israel.
.^ The US-led coalition said it received permission from Pakistan to attack across the border on August 25, but this was denied by the chief military spokesperson in Islamabad.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[75]
.^ October 6: Fighter jets bombed TTP Pakistan strongholds of Makeen and Nawazkot in South Waziristan - killing six militants and injuring three others.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ The Pakistan Air Force jet fighters bombed Taliban bunkers in Kotkai, killing three militants in the strike.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
.^ Four Taliban militants were killed in fighting with the security forces in the Bajaur Agency of FATA. .- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ April 13: Three Taliban militants from the Mullah Nazir group were killed in clashes with SFs in South Waziristan- marking the first intense clashes with the group since April 2007.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ H P Nov 18, 2008 interacts: 339 The Pakistani Taliban is not an ideological but an opportunistic anarchic group.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Ever since the militant groups have been retaliating by suicide bombings in Pakistani cities, killing more than 3,000 civilians and armed personnels only in 2009.
[76]
Geography and climate
The
Baltoro Glacier, Northern Pakistan, is one of the longest glaciers outside of the polar regions.
Pakistan covers 340,403 square miles (881,640 km
2),
[77] approximately equalling the combined land areas of France and the United Kingdom. Its eastern regions are located on the
Indian tectonic plate and the western and northern regions on the
Iranian plateau and
Eurasian landplate.
.^ The attack was the first of its kind in Orakzai Agency, the only tribal region out of the total seven regions of the FATA, which does not share its border with Afghanistan.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ US drone attack in South Waziristan Agency near the Pakistan-Afghanistan border.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Four children were among six civilians killed in a suspected missile attack from an unmanned United States spy plane on the Pakistan-Afghanistan border in North Waziristan.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[14]The northern and western highlands of Pakistan contain the towering Karakoram and Pamir mountain ranges, which incorporate some of the world's highest peaks, including
K2 (28,250 ft; 8,611 m) and
Nanga Parbat (26,660 ft; 8,126 m). The
Balochistan Plateau lies to the West, and the
Thar Desert in the East. An expanse of alluvial plains lies in Punjab and Sindh along the Indus river. The 1,000-mile-long (1,609-km)
Indus River and its tributaries flow through the country from the Kashmir region to the Arabian Sea.
[78]Pakistan has four seasons: a cool, dry winter from December through February; a hot, dry spring from March through May; the summer rainy season, or southwest monsoon period, from June through September; and the retreating monsoon period of October and November. The onset and duration of these seasons vary somewhat according to location.
[79] Rainfall can vary radically from year to year, and successive patterns of flooding and drought are also not uncommon.
[80]Flora and fauna
Markhor, Pakistan's national animal
The national animal of Pakistan is the
Markhor and the national bird is the
Chukar, also known as Chakhoor in Urdu.
[81] The wide variety of landscapes and climates in Pakistan allows for a wide variety of wild animals and birds. The forests range from
coniferous alpine and
subalpine trees such as spruce, pine, and
deodar cedar in the northern mountains to
deciduous trees such as the mulberry-type Shisham in the
Sulaiman range in the south. The western hills have
juniper and
tamarisk as well as coarse grasses and scrub plants. Along the southern coast are
mangrove forests which form much of the coastal wetlands.
[82]In the south, there are crocodiles in the murky waters at the mouth of the Indus River whilst on the banks of the river, there are boars, deer,
porcupines, and small rodents. In the sandy scrublands of central Pakistan are found jackals, hyenas, wild cats, panthers, and leopards while the clear blue skies abound with hawks, falcons, and eagles. In the southwestern deserts are rare
Asiatic cheetahs. In the northern mountains are a variety of endangered animals including
Marco Polo sheep,
Urial sheep,
Markhor and
Ibex goats,
black and
brown Himalayan bears, and the rare
Snow Leopard.
.^ Four children were among six civilians killed in a suspected missile attack from an unmanned United States spy plane on the Pakistan-Afghanistan border in North Waziristan.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[83] Another rare species is the blind
Indus River Dolphin of which there are believed to be about 1,100 remaining, protected at the Indus River Dolphin Reserve in
Sindh.
[84] In recent years, the number of wild animals being killed for fur and leather trading led to a new law banning the hunting of wild animals and birds as well as the establishment of several wildlife sanctuaries and game reserves. The number of hunters have greatly dwindled since then.
[85]Economy
A View of
I. I. Chundrigar Road road, Karachi, which is the
financial hub of pakistan
Pakistan has a semi-industrialized economy.
[86][87] .^ Acting on a tip-off, gunship helicopters targeted the base of militants near River Swat in the Charbagh area, killing six militants and injuring several others.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[87] .^ Amandeep Midha Jul 4, 1999 interacts: 27 I begin the issue right from 1947 when India and Pakistan were planned to be two separate countries .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ The subsequent gun battle led to the killing of four Taliban militants.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[89] Recently, wide-ranging economic reforms have resulted in a stronger economic outlook and accelerated growth especially in the
manufacturing and
financial services sectors.
[89] Since the 1990s, there has been great improvement in the
foreign exchange position and rapid growth in
hard currency reserves.
[89]The 2005 estimate of foreign debt was close to US$40 billion.
.^ October 11: A suspected United States (US) missile strike killed four people while the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) claimed it had killed five Taliban militants inside Pakistan.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
Pakistan's
gross domestic product, as measured by
purchasing power parity, is estimated to be US$475.4 billion
[90] while its
per capita income stands at $2,942.
[90] The poverty rate in Pakistan is estimated to be between 23%
[91] and 28%.
[92] GDP growth was steady during the mid 2000s at a rate of 7%;
[93][94] however, slowed down during the
Economic crisis of 2008 to 4.7%.
[14] .^ September 7: Five more persons were killed and 14 others sustained injuries as violence continued in the Swat Valley in NWFP. .- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ May 31: At least 24 worshippers are killed and 34 others sustain injuries when a high-intensity bomb explodes during the evening prayers at a Shia mosque situated on the MA Jinnah Road in Karachi.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[95][96] .^ Failing to Make Direct Contact With the People, The US is Further Alienating Pakistan .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Riaz Haq Jan 1, 2009 interacts: 133 It began with Bhutto's widower Asif Ali Zardari taking over the reigns of Pakistan Peoples Party, Pakistan's largest political party, and ended with rising tensions in South Asia.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[97]The structure of the Pakistani economy has changed from a mainly agricultural base to a strong service base.
.^ The SFs continued targeting Taliban hideouts in several areas of the Chaharbagh sub-division, including Coat and Darul Uloom.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Five militants, including a foreigner, were killed when the SFs targeted the militant hideouts in Speen Thall area of Thall sub-division in the Hangu District of NWFP. An Afghan militant was among the dead.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ October 8: At least 20 Taliban militants, including eight foreigners, were killed when helicopter gun ships hit their hideouts in the Badaan area of Mamoond tehsil (revenue division) in the Bajaur Agency of FATA. .- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[99][100] Other important industries include apparel and textiles (accounting for nearly 60% of exports), food processing, chemicals manufacture, and the iron and steel industries.
[101] Pakistan's exports in 2008 amounted to $20.62 billion (
USD).
[14] Pakistan is a rapidly developing country.
[102][103][104].^ Kamal Siddiqi Mar 8, 2009 interacts: 165 Ironically, more people have been killed by Al Qaeda and the Taliban in Pakistan than by the three “enemies?- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Ather Naqvi Apr 17, 2008 interacts: 3 Poverty may be more than a silent killer.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Perhaps no where is it more intensely debated than in Pakistan, where Jinnah very clearly and consistently declared t .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[105][106] This was never given to Pakistan and therefore it had to depend on a more aggressive fiscal policy, backed by the
IMF.
.^ Ibrahim Malick Jul 11, 2009 interacts: 5 Theme for this year's summit, "International Solidarity for Peace and Development, and the Current Economic and Financial Crisis,” is appropriate but several key regional conflicts will not be debated.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Khalid Sohail Aug 7, 2009 interacts: 129 Pakistan is experiencing a major existential crisis.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Imperatives For Economic Development Of Pakistan .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[108]
Education
.^ The high number of casualties was caused by hurling of grenades and indiscriminate targeted firing by the terrorists, reportedly numbering between six to eight.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ How must Pakistan’s higher education system change for it to succeed?- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ One is based on the government of Pakistan’s state funded educational institutions and modern curricula and other one is based on the centuries old system of madarassas’ religi .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[109]
.^ Feroz R Khan Jan 28, 2004 interacts: 127 Currently, there are two distinct educational systems in Pakistan.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ How must Pakistan’s higher education system change for it to succeed?- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Rasheed Talib Dec 26, 2002 interacts: 125 Is this the sort of education we Indians want in our school system?- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Some students choose to take the
O level and
A level[110] exams through the
British Council.
.^ Feroz R Khan Jan 28, 2004 interacts: 127 Currently, there are two distinct educational systems in Pakistan.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[111] The minimum qualifications to enter male vocational institutions, is the completion of grade 8.
The programmes are generally two to three years in length.
.^ One is based on the government of Pakistan’s state funded educational institutions and modern curricula and other one is based on the centuries old system of madarassas’ religi .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
The
federal government mostly assists in curriculum development, accreditation and some financing of research.
.^ Professors across the country are clamoring to lift even minimal requirements that could assure quality education.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
[115] Through various educational reforms, by the year 2015, the ministry of education expects to attain 100% enrolment levels amongst primary school aged children, and a literacy rate of 86% amongst people aged over 10.
[116]
.^ The Islami Jamiat Talaba (student wing of the Jamaat-e-Islami) alleged that activists of the All Pakistan Mohajir Students Organisation (APMSO) had attacked its workers who were in the bus.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[117] After criticism over terrorists using them for recruiting purposes, efforts have been made to regulate them.
[118]
Culture
Pakistani society is largely
hierarchical, with high regard for traditional Islamic values, although urban families have grown into a
nuclear family system because of the socio-economic constraints imposed by the traditional
joint family system.
[119] .^ The attack was the first of its kind in Orakzai Agency, the only tribal region out of the total seven regions of the FATA, which does not share its border with Afghanistan.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ April 8: 16 more persons were killed in the Kurram Agency of FATA as sectarian clashes spread to most parts of the tribal region bordering Afghanistan.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
Increasing
globalization has resulted in ranking 46th on the
A.T. Kearney/
FP Globalization Index.
[120]The variety of
Pakistani music ranges from diverse provincial
folk music and traditional styles such as
Qawwali and
Ghazal Gayaki to modern forms fusing traditional and western music, such as the synchronisation of Qawwali and western music by the world renowned
Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan.
.^ Armed assailants on a motorcycle gunned down, Yousuf Ali and Mohammad Alam, who were going to their homes in the Hazara Town.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ S C Sep 30, 2009 interacts: 300 Well-researched, demolishes many myths and presents an intriguing perspective on India Pakistan Partition .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
However, majority of Pakistanis listen to Indian music produced by Bollywood and other Indian film industries. The arrival of
Afghan refugees in the western provinces has rekindled
Pashto and
Persian music and established
Peshawar as a hub for Afghan musicians and a distribution centre for Afghan music abroad.
[121].^ "All of my family members are safe and are in Lahore," he told a private television channel after a suicide bomber exploded an explosives-laden car outside his residence.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ According to a private TV channel, a man who claimed to be a spokesman for the Baloch Republican Army phoned various media organisations and claimed responsibility for the attack.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
.^ "All of my family members are safe and are in Lahore," he told a private television channel after a suicide bomber exploded an explosives-laden car outside his residence.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
There are also small indigenous film industries based in Lahore and Peshawar (often referred to as
Lollywood). And while
Bollywood films have been banned from being played in public cinemas since 1965 they have remained popular in popular culture.
[122]
.^ They said that three missiles landed in the Civil Colony, one fell near a check post in Fajja and one hit the Siddiqabad area.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Three Pakistan Army soldiers were killed and four others wounded when militants attacked the troops in the Angamal area near Razmak.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
With the beginning of the
Indus civilization around the middle of the
3rd millennium B.C.,
[123] an advanced
urban culture developed for the first time in the region, with large structural facilities, some of which survive to this day.
[124] Mohenjo Daro,
Harappa and
Kot Diji belong to the pre-Islamic era settlements. The rise of
Buddhism and the
Persian and
Greek influence led to the development of the
Greco-Buddhist style, starting from the 1st century CE. The high point of this era was reached with the culmination of the
Gandhara style. An example of Buddhist architecture is the ruins of the Buddhist monastery
Takht-i-Bahi in the
northwest province.
The arrival of
Islam in today's Pakistan meant a sudden end of Buddhist architecture.
[125] However, a smooth transition to predominantly pictureless
Islamic architecture occurred. The most important of the few completely discovered buildings of Persian style is the
tomb of the Shah Rukn-i-Alam in
Multan. During the
Mughal era design elements of Islamic-Persian architecture were fused with and often produced playful forms of the Hindustani art.
.^ "It seems to be a sectarian attack, but we are still investigating," Dera Ismail Khan police chief Salahuddin Khan said.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ October 10: Five people are killed and six others sustain injuries as a suicide bomber blows himself up at a Shia mosque in the Mochi Gate area of Lahore.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
Also the
Shahjahan Mosque of
Thatta in Sindh originates from the epoch of the Mughals. In the British colonial period, predominantly functional buildings of the Indo-European representative style developed from a mixture of European and Indian-Islamic components.
.^ May 13, 2004 interacts: 21 A case for Pakistan's new computerised national identity card .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
A
Kalash man dances during the
Uchau Festival.
.^ Rizwana Khan Sep 1, 2005 interacts: 9 It is easier to blame Urdu language for all the ails in every area of education in Pakistan.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Prior to the 19th century, the literature mainly consisted of
lyric poetry and
religious,
mystical and
popular materials. During the
colonial age the native literary figures, under the influence of the
western literature of
realism, took up increasingly different topics and telling forms. Today, short stories enjoy a special popularity.
[127]
.^ Muhammad Ashraf Nov 7, 2006 interacts: 4 How many votes a party requires to win a majority in National Assembly or Pakistan?- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Anwar Iqbal Dec 25, 2001 interacts: 359 Looking at the current India, Pakistan conflict as Manto would have .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Amandeep Midha Jul 4, 1999 interacts: 27 I begin the issue right from 1947 when India and Pakistan were planned to be two separate countries .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
However, Iqbal had also wrote the
Tarana-e-Hind which stated the belief of a strong united India. His book
The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam is a major work of modern Islamic philosophy. The most well-known representative of the contemporary Urdu literature of Pakistan is
Faiz Ahmed Faiz. Sufi poets
Shah Abdul Latif,
Bulleh Shah and
Khawaja Farid are also very popular in Pakistan.
[128] Mirza Kalich Beg has been termed the father of modern Sindhi prose.
[129]
Tourism
Despite having an image problem, hyped particularly in the West, and once alleged as one of the most dangerous countries in the world by the British magazine "The Economist",
[130] tourism is still a growing industry in Pakistan because of its diverse cultures, peoples and landscapes.
[131] The variety of attractions ranges from the ruins of ancient civilizations such as
Mohenjo-daro,
Harappa and
Taxila, to the Himalayan hill-stations, that attract those interested in field and winter sports. Pakistan also has several
mountain peaks of height over 8,000 metres (26,250 ft), that attract adventurers and mountaineers from around the world, especially to
K2.
[132] .^ April 19: Local Taliban in South Waziristan Agency publicly executed three people who had allegedly killed a teenager, Intezar Mehsud.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Officials and local people said the jets had attacked militants positions in Wuchabibi and Madahkel areas of Dattakhel sub-division, at about 3:30pm.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ The sources added these areas were heavily shelled and SFs on the ground continued search and cordon operations.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
In
Balochistan there are many caves for cavers and tourists to visit especially the Juniper Shaft Cave, the Murghagull Gharra cave, Mughall saa cave, and naturally decorated cave.
.^ May 4: Members of the Baluchistan Students Federation (BSF) hijack a Pakistan International Airlines aircraft and attempt to land in India.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[133].^ Nine persons, including five militants, were killed and dozens of others sustained injuries in the ongoing military operation in Swat Valley.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Three persons, including a security force personnel, were killed and several others injured in the Swat valley of the NWFP. .- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ January 29: 14 people, including 10 militants, three Pakistan Army soldiers and a civilian, were killed and several others injured in heavy fighting and bombing by fighter aircraft in South Waziristan.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[134] Punjab is also the site of Alexander's
battle on the
Jhelum River. The historic city of
Lahore is considered Pakistan's cultural centre and has many examples of
Mughal architecture such as the
Badshahi Masjid,
Shalimar Gardens,
Tomb of Jahangir and the
Lahore Fort.
[135] The Pakistan Tourism Development Corporation (
PTDC) also helps promote tourism in the country.
[136] However, tourism is still limited because of the lack of proper infrastructure and the worsening security situation in the country.
.^ Local peace volunteers killed 10 Taliban militants, including 'commander' Momin alias Malang, in the Barikot tehsil (revenue unit) of Swat District in NWFP. A volunteer was also killed in the clash.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ June 24: SFs killed seven Taliban militants in clashes in parts of the Dir and Swat Districts, while six soldiers, including two officers, were also killed.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Nine persons, including five militants, were killed and dozens of others sustained injuries in the ongoing military operation in Swat Valley.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
Many of the troubles in these tourist destinations are also blamed on the frail travel network, tourism regulatory framework, low prioritization of the tourism industry by the government, low effectiveness of marketing and a constricted tourism perception.
[137][138] .^ The military stated that troops had cleared Spinkai Raghzai, Nawazkot and the adjoining area of Tiarza and taken over some strongholds and hideouts of the militants.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ June 7: During clashes between two groups of militants in the Mamond area of Bajaur Agency, four combatants were killed.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ September 3: The SFs claimed to have killed about 30 militants and wounded 35 others in a ground assault backed by gunship helicopters in the militants-infested Koza Bandai area of Swat Valley in the NWFP. .- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
Pakistan receives 500,000 tourists annually, and almost half of them head to northern Pakistan.
[139]
Sports
Cricket is the most popular sport in Pakistan
The national sport of Pakistan is
field hockey, although
cricket is the most popular game across the country.
.^ Haider Nizamani Oct 4, 2000 interacts: 182 A physically injured leader has won hands down against the leader of a psychologically injured nation in the world of diplomacy .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Pakistan were runners-up in the inaugural
2007 ICC World Twenty20 held in South Africa and are the champions of
2009 ICC World Twenty20 held in England.
.^ Seven Sri Lankan players were among the wounded.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 INDIA PAKISTAN NEPAL BHUTAN BANGLADESH SRI LANKA Terrorism Update Latest S.A.Overview Publication .- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
^ January 16: Pakistan Army helicopter gun-ships attacked a suspected militant hideout in South Waziristan, killing at least 20 militants.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
[140] Squash is another sport that Pakistanis have excelled in.
.^ Shera G Feb 17, 2006 interacts: 4 India is a good side, and they have world class players.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Polo is regarded as a traditional sport and played widely in the northern areas
At an international level, Pakistan has competed many times at the
Summer Olympics in field hockey,
boxing,
athletics,
swimming, and
shooting. Pakistan's medal tally remains at 10 medals (3 gold, 3 silver and 4 bronze) while at the Commonwealth Games and Asian Games it stands at 61 medals and 182 medals respectively. Hockey is the sport in which Pakistan has been most successful at the Olympics, with three gold medals in (1960, 1968, and 1984). Pakistan has also won the
Hockey World Cup a record four times (1971, 1978, 1982, 1994). The Motorsport Association of Pakistan is a member of the
Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile.
[141] .^ May 4: Members of the Baluchistan Students Federation (BSF) hijack a Pakistan International Airlines aircraft and attempt to land in India.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
Pakistan also qualified for the
Golf World Cup for the first time in 2009.
[142]Transportation
Rail services in Pakistan are provided by the state-run
Pakistan Railways, under the supervision of the
Ministry of Railways. Pakistan Railways provides an important mode of transportation in Pakistan, catering to the large-scale movement of people and freight. The railway network comprises 8,163 km
[143] of which 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) (broad gauge) forms 7,718 km including 293 km of electrified track. Pakistan Railways carry 65 million passengers annually and daily operates 228 mail, express and passenger trains.
Pakistan Railways also operate special trains for various occasions.
.^ As the military personnel were busy in the rescue operation and stopping people from getting close to the scene of the first bombing, a second suicide bomber detonated his explosives.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
Pakistan has also planned or had many Mass Transit Systems. The Karachi Circular Railway, which opened in the early 1940s, is the only functioning Mass Transit System in Pakistan as of date. In 1976,
Karachi was slated to begin work on an underground metro system, but plans have been put on hold since. The
Lahore Metro is another proposal still in planning and is scheduled to be completed by 2020. Pakistan has been successful in foreign trade using
Railway.
.^ Amandeep Midha Jul 4, 1999 interacts: 27 I begin the issue right from 1947 when India and Pakistan were planned to be two separate countries .- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Asim Hayat Feb 22, 1998 interacts: 29 The constitution defines Pakistan as an Islamic nation and guarantees freedom to all other religion.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
^ Turkmenistan, Iran and Qatar, all of whom are looking to tap the ready markets in Pakistan and India for the export of their gas.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Asim Hayat Feb 22, 1998 interacts: 29 The constitution defines Pakistan as an Islamic nation and guarantees freedom to all other religion.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
The construction of motorways began in the early 1990s with the idea building a world class road network and to reduce the load off the heavily used national highways throughout the country. The first motorway to be completed was
M1 in 1997 from
Peshawar to
Islamabad.
Later on, Highways such as
M2 from
Islamabad to
Lahore,
M3 from Pindi Bhattian to
Faisalabad,
M9 from
Hyderabad to
Karachi,
Karachi Northern Bypass from Hyderabad to Karachi,
Lahore ring road project[145].
.^ "The air strikes are part of a major offensive being planned against the terror network," sources told.- Major incidents of terrorist violence in Pakistan, 1988-2009 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.satp.org [Source type: News]
Still plans are being proposed for the development of the waterways in the country along the
Indus River and through the Punjab as it would boost employment opportunities and the economic and social development of Pakistan.
[146].
.^ Tariq Aqil Nov 8, 2009 interacts: 76 Time is here for all patriotic forces to band together and demand the return of Jinnah’s Pakistan.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
.^ Ahsan Shahbaz Dec 10, 2007 interacts: 21 Only 5 out 33 parties in APDM want to participate in elections.- Chowk: India Pakistan Ideas Identities 28 January 2010 0:37 UTC www.chowk.com [Source type: FILTERED WITH BAYES]
Outline of Pakistan
See also
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