An axial turbine operates in the reverse of an axial compressor. A set of static guide vanes or nozzle vanes accelerates and adds swirl to the fluid and directs it to the next row of turbine blades mounted on a turbine rotor.
In an Impulse turbine the pressure drop happens entirely in the nozzle vanes. In a reaction turbine the pressure drop is split between the nozzle vanes and the turbine rotor. The proportion of pressure drop in the turbine rotor is called the degree of reaction.
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An axial gas turbine engine is separated into various stages. The first stage is the Compressor section, then the combustion chamber, then the turbine section.
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