From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

July 3 is the 184th day of the year (185th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 181 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 324 – Battle of Adrianople Constantine I defeats Licinius, who flees to Byzantium.
• 987 – Hugh Capet is crowned King of France, the first of the Capetian dynasty that would rule France till the French Revolution in 1792.
• 1608 – Québec City is founded by Samuel de Champlain.
• 1754 – French and Indian War: George Washington surrenders Fort Necessity to French forces.
• 1767 – Pitcairn Island is discovered by Midshipman Robert Pitcairn on an expeditionary voyage commanded by Philip Carteret.
• 1767 – Norway's oldest newspaper still in print, Adresseavisen, is founded and the first edition is published.
• 1775 – American Revolutionary War: George Washington takes command of the Continental Army at Cambridge, Massachusetts.
• 1778 – American Revolutionary War: British forces massacre 360 people in the Wyoming Valley massacre.
• 1819 – The Bank of Savings in New York City, the first savings bank in the United States, opens.
• 1839 – The first state normal school in the United States, the forerunner to today's Framingham State College, opens in Lexington, Massachusetts with 3 students.
• 1844 – The last pair of Great Auks is killed.
• 1848 – Slaves are freed in the Danish West Indies (now U.S. Virgin Islands) by Peter von Scholten in the culmination of a year-long plot by enslaved Africans.
• 1849 – The French enter Rome in order to restore Pope Pius IX to power. This would prove a major obstacle to Italian unification.
• 1852 – Congress establishes the United States' 2nd mint in San Francisco, California.
• 1863 – U.S. Civil War: The final day of the Battle of Gettysburg culminates with Pickett's Charge.
• 1866 – Austro-Prussian War is decided at the Battle of Königgratz, resulting in Prussia taking over as the prominent German nation from Austria.
• 1884 – Dow Jones and Company publishes its first stock average.
• 1886 – Karl Benz officially unveils the Benz Patent Motorwagen – the first purpose-built automobile.
• 1886 – The New York Tribune becomes the first newspaper to use a linotype machine, eliminating typesetting by hand.
• 1890 – Idaho is admitted as the 43rd U.S. state.
• 1898 – Spanish-American War: The Spanish fleet, led by Pascual Cervera y Topete, is destroyed by the U.S. Navy in Santiago, Cuba.
• 1913 – Confederate veterans at the Great Reunion of 1913 reenact Pickett's Charge; upon reaching the high-water mark of the Confederacy they are met by the outstretched hands of friendship from Union survivors.
• 1938 – World speed record for a steam railway locomotive is set in England, by the Mallard, which reaches a speed of 126 miles per hour (203 km/h).
• 1938 – President Franklin D. Roosevelt dedicates the Eternal Light Peace Memorial and lights the eternal flame at Gettysburg Battlefield.
• 1940 – World War II: the French fleet of the Atlantic based at Mers el Kébir, is bombarded by the British fleet, coming from Gibraltar, causing the loss of three battleships: Dunkerque, Provence and Bretagne. One thousand two hundred sailors perish.
• 1944 – World War II: Minsk is liberated from Nazi control by Soviet troops during Operation Bagration.
• 1952 – Puerto Rico's Constitution is approved by the Congress of the United States.
• 1952 – The SS United States sets sail on her maiden voyage to Southampton. During this voyage, the SS United States takes the Blue Riband away from the RMS Queen Mary
• 1962 – The Algerian War of Independence against the French ends.
• 1969 – The biggest explosion in the history of rocketry occurs when the Soviet N1 rocket explodes and subsequently destroys its launchpad.
• 1970 – A British Dan-Air De Havilland Comet chartered jetliner crashes into mountains north of Barcelona, Spain killing 113 people.
• 1977 – The Senegalese Republican Movement is founded.
• 1978 – Amazon Cooperation Treaty (ACT) signed.
• 1979 – US President Jimmy Carter signs the first directive for secret aid to the opponents of the pro-Soviet regime in Kabul.
• 1986 – US President Ronald Reagan presides over the relighting of the renovated Statue of Liberty.
• 1988 – United States Navy warship USS Vincennes shoots down Iran Air Flight 655 over the Persian Gulf, killing all 290 people aboard.
• 1988 – The Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge in Istanbul, Turkey is completed, providing the second connection between the continents of Europe and Asia over the Bosporus.
• 1994 – The deadliest day in Texas traffic history, according to the Texas Department of Public Safety. Forty six people are killed in crashes.
• 1996 – Stone of Scone is returned to Scotland.
• 2001 – A Vladivostok Avia Tupolev TU-154 jetliner crashes on approach to landing at Irkutsk, Russia killing 145 people.
• 2004 – Official opening of Bangkok's subway system.
• 2005 – Same-sex marriage is legalized in Spain.
• 2006 – Valencia metro accident leaves 43 dead in Valencia, Spain.
• 2006 – Asteroid 2004 XP14 flies within 432,308 kilometres (268,624 mi) of Earth.
• 2009 – Mark II.5 Skytrain cars enter service in Metro Vancouver.

Births

• 1423 – King Louis XI of France (d. 1483)
• 1442 – Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado of Japan (d. 1500)
• 1530 – Claude Fauchet, French historian (d. 1601)
• 1676 – Leopold I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau, Prussian field marshal (d. 1747)
• 1683 – Edward Young, English poet (d. 1765)
• 1685 – Sir Robert Rich, 4th Baronet, British cavalry officer (d. 1768)
• 1728 – Robert Adam, Scottish architect (d. 1792)
• 1738 – John Singleton Copley, American painter (d. 1815)
• 1743 – Sophia Magdalena of Denmark, queen consort of Sweden (d. 1813)
• 1851 – Charles Bannerman, Australian cricketer (d. 1930)
• 1854 – Leoš Janáček, Czech composer (d. 1928)
• 1866 – Albert Gottschalk, Danish painter (d. 1907)
• 1870 – Richard Bedford Bennett, 11th Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1947)
• 1875 – Ferdinand Sauerbruch, German surgeon (d. 1951)
• 1878 – George M. Cohan, American actor, director, singer and dancer (d. 1942)
• 1879 – Alfred Korzybski, Polish linguist (d. 1950)
• 1880 – Carl Schuricht, Polish-born German conductor (d. 1967)
• 1883 – Franz Kafka, Czech-German writer (d. 1924)
• 1886 – Raymond Spruance, American Navy admiral (d. 1969)
• 1888 – Ramón Gómez de la Serna, Spanish writer (d. 1963)
• 1900 – Alessandro Blasetti, Italian film director (d. 1987)
• 1903 – Ace Bailey, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1992)
• 1906 – George Sanders, British actor (d. 1972)
• 1906 – Jack Earle, American actor and sideshow performer (d. 1952)
• 1908 – M. F. K. Fisher, American writer (d. 1992)
• 1908 – Robert B. Meyner, American politician (d. 1990)
• 1916 – John Kundla, American college and professional basketball coach
• 1913 – Dorothy Kilgallen, American columnist (d. 1965)
• 1917 – João Saldanha, Brazilian journalist and football manager (d. 1990)
• 1918 – S. V. Ranga Rao, South Indian actor (d. 1974)
• 1920 – Paul O'Dea, American baseball player (d. 1978)
• 1921 – Susan Peters, American actress (d. 1952)
• 1922 – Guillaume Cornelis van Beverloo, Belgian painter, called Corneille
• 1924 – S. R. Nathan, 6th president of Singapore
• 1927 – Ken Russell, British director
• 1930 – Carlos Kleiber, Austrian conductor (d. 2004)
• 1930 – Tommy Tedesco, American musician (d. 1997)
• 1930 – Pete Fountain, American clarinetist
• 1931 – Frits Helmuth, Danish actor (d. 2004)
• 1933 – Edward Brandt, American doctor and public health official (d. 2007)
• 1935 – Harrison Schmitt, American astronaut and politician
• 1936 – Baard Owe, Norwegian-born Danish actor
• 1937 – Tom Stoppard, Czech-born, British playwright
• 1938 – Bolo Yeung, Hong Kong actor
• 1939 – László Kovács, Hungarian politician and diplomat
• 1939 – Brigitte Fassbaender, German mezzo-soprano
• 1940 – César Tovar, Venezuelan baseball player (d. 1994)
• 1940 – Lamar Alexander, American politician
• 1940 – Jerzy Buzek, Prime Minister of Poland
• 1940 – Fontella Bass, American soul singer
• 1942 – Eddy Mitchell, French singer and actor
• 1942 – Paco Stanley, Mexican TV personality (d. 1999)
• 1943 – Kurtwood Smith, American actor
• 1944 – Michel Polnareff, French singer and songwriter
• 1945 – Michael Cole, American TV actor
• 1946 – Johnny Lee, American country-and-western singer
• 1946 – Leszek Miller, Prime Minister of Poland
• 1947 – Dave Barry, American humorist and author
• 1947 – Betty Buckley, American actress
• 1948 – Tarmo Koivisto, Finnish comics artist
• 1949 – Jan Smithers, American actress
• 1949 – Johnnie Wilder, Jr., American singer (Heatwave) (d. 2006)
• 1950 – James Hahn, American politician
• 1950 – Ewen Chatfield, New Zealand cricketer
• 1951 – Richard Hadlee, New Zealand cricketer
• 1951 – Jean-Claude Duvalier, Haitian politician
• 1952 – Amit Kumar, Indian singer
• 1955 – Sanma Akashiya, Japanese television performer
• 1956 – Montel Williams, American talk show host
• 1956 – Don Vito, American Viva La Bam castmember
• 1957 – Laura Branigan, American singer (d. 2004)
• 1957 – Ken Ober, American game show host
• 1958 – Matthew Fraser, Canadian-British journalist
• 1958 – Siân Lloyd, Welsh weather presenter
• 1958 – Aaron Tippin, American singer
• 1958 – Charlie Higson, English author and actor
• 1959 – Julie Burchill, British journalist and author
• 1959 – David Shore, Canadian-born writer
• 1959 – Stephen Pearcy, American singer (Ratt)
• 1960 – Vince Clarke, British songwriter (Depeche Mode, Yazoo, and Erasure)
• 1961 – Pedro Romeiras, Portuguese dancer
• 1961 – Tim Smith, English musician (Cardiacs)
• 1962 – Tom Cruise, American actor
• 1962 – Hunter Tylo, American actress
• 1962 – Thomas Gibson, American actor
• 1962 – Hugh Page, former South African cricketer
• 1964 – Joanne Harris, British author
• 1964 – Yeardley Smith, French-born American actress
• 1965 – Shinya Hashimoto, Japanese wrestler (d. 2005)
• 1965 – Connie Nielsen, Danish actress
• 1966 – Moisés Alou, Dominican baseball player
• 1966 – Robin Burgener, Canadian programmer, inventor of 20Q
• 1967 – Brian Cashman, American major league baseball executive
• 1967 – Spiros Marangos, Greek footballer
• 1968 – Aku Louhimies, Finnish film director and screenwriter
• 1969 – Kevin Hearn, Canadian musician (Barenaked Ladies)
• 1970 – Teemu Selänne, Finnish ice hockey player
• 1970 – Shawnee Smith, American actress
• 1970 – Serhiy Honchar, Ukrainian cyclist
• 1972 – Warren Furman, British television personality
• 1973 – Johnny Terris, Canadian actor and director
• 1973 – Patrick Wilson, American actor
• 1973 – Emma Cunniffe, British actress
• 1973 – Ólafur Stefánsson, Icelandic handball player
• 1976 – Andrea Barber, American actress
• 1976 – Wade Belak, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1976 – Henry Olonga, Zimbabwean cricketer
• 1976 – Wanderlei Silva, Brazilian mixed martial artist
• 1976 – Bobby Skinstad, Springbok Rugby player
• 1978 – Mizuki Noguchi, Japanese long-distance runner
• 1979 – Ludivine Sagnier, French actress
• 1979 – Sotirios Kyrgiakos, Greek footballer
• 1979 – David Bacani, American baseball player
• 1980 – Roland Mark Schoeman, South African swimmer
• 1980 – Kevin Boyle, American basketballer
• 1980 – Trae, American rapper from Houston, Texas
• 1980 – Bostjan Nachbar, Slovenian basketball player
• 1980 – Harbhajan Singh, Indian cricketer
• 1981 – Justin Torkildsen, American actor
• 1982 – Kanika, Indian actress
• 1982 – Olivia Munn, American television hostess
• 1983 – Steph Jones, American singer and model
• 1984 – Syed Rasel, Bangladeshi cricketer
• 1984 – Corey Sevier, Canadian actor
• 1984 – Manny Lawson, American Football player
• 1985 – Minami Keisuke, Japanese singer and actor.
• 1987 – Sebastian Vettel, German racing driver

Deaths

• 72 – Thomas the Apostle
• 1570 – Aonio Paleario, Italian humanist
• 1642 – Maria de' Medici, wife of Henry IV of France (b. 1573)
• 1672 – Francis Willughby, English biologist (b. 1635)
• 1704 – Sophia Alekseyevna, regent of Russia (b. 1657)
• 1749 – William Jones, Welsh mathematician (b. 1675)
• 1778 – Anna Maria Pertl Mozart, mother of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (b. 1720)
• 1790 – Jean-Baptiste L. Romé de l'Isle, French chemist (b. 1736)
• 1795 – Louis-Georges de Bréquigny, French historian (b. 1714)
• 1795 – Antonio de Ulloa, Spanish general and governor of Louisiana (b. 1716)
• 1809 – Joseph Quesnel, French-Canadian composer and playwright (b. 1746)
• 1858 – Alexander Andreyevich Ivanov, Russian painter (b. 1806)
• 1863 – George Hull Ward, American general (b. 1826)
• 1904 – Theodor Herzl, Austrian Zionist (b. 1860)
• 1904 – Edouard Beaupré, Canadian giant and strongman (b. 1881)
• 1908 – Joel Chandler Harris, American Writer (b. 1845)
• 1914 – Joseph Chamberlain, British politician (b. 1836)
• 1916 – Hetty Green, American businesswoman (b. 1834)
• 1918 – Sultan Mehmed V of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1844)
• 1933 – Hipólito Yrigoyen, President of Argentina (b. 1852)
• 1935 – André Citroën, French automobile pioneer (b. 1878)
• 1942 – Louis Franchet d'Espèrey, French general (b. 1856)
• 1954 – Siegfried Handloser, German physician (b. 1895)
• 1957 – Dolf Luque, baseball player (b. 1890)
• 1965 – Trigger, Roy Rogers's horse (b. 1932)
• 1969 – Brian Jones, English musician (The Rolling Stones) (b. 1942)
• 1971 – Jim Morrison, American singer (The Doors) (b. 1943)
• 1977 – Alexander M. Volkov, Russian novelist and mathematician (b. 1891)
• 1978 – James Daly, American actor (b. 1918)
• 1979 – Funk
• 1979 – Louis Durey, French composer (b. 1888)
• 1981 – Ross Martin, Polish-American actor (b. 1920)
• 1985 – Frank Selke, Canadian ice hockey manager (b. 1893)
• 1986 – Rudy Vallee, American singer (b. 1901)
• 1989 – Jim Backus, American actor (b. 1913)
• 1993 – Joe DeRita, American actor and comedian (b. 1909)
• 1993 – Don Drysdale, American baseball player (b. 1936)
• 1994 – Lew Hoad, Australian tennis player (b. 1934)
• 1995 – Pancho Gonzales, American tennis player (b. 1928)
• 1995 – Eddie Mazur, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1929)
• 1998 – Danielle Bunten Berry, American software developer (b. 1949)
• 1999 – Mark Sandman, American musician (b. 1952)
• 2000 – Kemal Sunal, Turkish actor (b. 1944)
• 2001 – Mordecai Richler, Canadian author (b. 1931)
• 2001 – Johnny Russell, American country singer and songwriter (b. 1940)
• 2003 – Gaetano Alibrandi, Papal diplomat (b. 1914)
• 2004 – Andrian Nikolayev, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1929)
• 2005 – Alberto Lattuada, Italian film director (b. 1914)
• 2005 – Gaylord Nelson, American politician (b. 1916)
• 2006 – Joseph Goguen, American computer scientist (b. 1941)
• 2006 – Benjamin Hendrickson, American actor (b. 1950)
• 2007 – Alice Timander, Swedish dentist (b. 1915)
• 2007 – Boots Randolph, American saxophonist (b. 1927)
• 2008 – Ernie Cooksey, English Footballer (b. 1980)
• 2008 – Larry Harmon, American entertainer and TV producer (b. 1925)
• 2008 – Clive Hornby, English soap actor – Emmerdale (b. 1944)
• 2008 – Oliver Schroer, Canadian fiddler and composer (b. 1956)
• 2009 – John A. Keel, American Fortean, television scriptwriter, author of The Mothman Prophecies (b. 1930)

Holidays and observances

• Belarus: Independence Day
• United States Virgin Islands: Emancipation Day

• Start of the Dog Days according to The Old Farmer's Almanac but not according to established meaning in most European cultures.
• Christian saints and martyrs:
  • Aaron and Julius
  • Saint Leo II (d. 683)
  • Saint Heliodorus
  • Saint Marinus, bishop, martyr
  • Saint Mucian
  • Saint Phocas, martyr
  • Saint Raymond, confessor at Toulouse
  • Translation of Saint Thomas - one of four days in the year on which Quarter Sessions sat.
  • Saint Tryphon

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

From Wikiquote

Quotes of the day from previous years:

2004

You don't understand. I could'a had class. I could'a been a contender. ~ Marlon Brando as "Terry Malloy" in On the Waterfront (recent death)

• selected by Kalki

2005

The splendor of life forever lies in wait about each one of us in all its fullness, but veiled from view, deep down, invisible, far off. It is there, though, not hostile, not reluctant, not deaf. If you summon it by the right word, by its right name, it will come. ~ Franz Kafka (born 3 July 1883)

• proposed by User:Kalki

2006

I don't think writers are sacred, but words are. They deserve respect. If you get the right ones in the right order, you might nudge the world a little or make a poem that children will speak for you when you are dead. ~ Tom Stoppard (born 3 July 1937)

• proposed by InvisibleSun

2007

We are sinful not merely because we have eaten of the Tree of Knowledge, but also because we have not yet eaten of the Tree of Life. ~ Franz Kafka

• proposed by Kalki

2008

Youth is happy because it has the ability to see beauty. Anyone who keeps the ability to see beauty never grows old. ~ Franz Kafka (date of birth)

• proposed by Kalki

2009

Beyond a certain point there is no return. This point has to be reached. ~ Franz Kafka

• proposed by Kalki

2010

Suggestions

As Gregor Samsa awoke one morning from uneasy dreams he found himself transformed in his bed into a gigantic insect. ~ The Metamorphosis, Franz Kafka born that day.

• 3 ~ MosheZadka (Talk) 08:22, 25 Jun 2005 (UTC)
• 3 121a0012 June 27, 2005 03:52 (UTC) (But italicize title.)
• 2 A famous line, but still a relatively obscure and simply puzzling statement to many people. ~ Kalki
• 2 InvisibleSun 21:20, 2 July 2007 (UTC)
• 1 Zarbon 04:53, 24 April 2008 (UTC)

It’s not the voting that’s democracy, it’s the counting. ~ Tom Stoppard (born July 3, 1937)

• 3 InvisibleSun 21:20, 2 July 2007 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 22:03, 2 July 2007 (UTC)
• 1 Zarbon 04:53, 24 April 2008 (UTC)

How the hell do I know what I find incredible? Credibility is an expanding field... Sheer disbelief hardly registers on the face before the head is nodding with all the wisdom of instant hindsight. ~ Tom Stoppard

• 3 InvisibleSun 21:20, 2 July 2007 (UTC) with a lean toward 4.
• 3 Kalki 22:03, 2 July 2007 (UTC)
• 1 Zarbon 04:53, 24 April 2008 (UTC)

We shed as we pick up, like travellers who must carry everything in their arms, and what we let fall will be picked up by those behind. The procession is very long and life is very short. We die on the march. But there is nothing outside the march so nothing can be lost to it. ~ Tom Stoppard

• 3 InvisibleSun 21:20, 2 July 2007 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 22:03, 2 July 2007 (UTC)
• 1 Zarbon 04:53, 24 April 2008 (UTC)

I write plays because dialogue is the most respectable way of contradicting myself. ~ Tom Stoppard

• 3 InvisibleSun 21:20, 2 July 2007 (UTC) with a slight lean toward 4.
• 3 Kalki 22:03, 2 July 2007 (UTC)
• 1 Zarbon 04:53, 24 April 2008 (UTC)

You can only be young once but you can be immature forever. ~ Dave Barry

• 3 Zarbon 14:50, 20 May 2008 (UTC)
• 3 Kalki 05:44, 1 July 2008 (UTC)
• 3 InvisibleSun 19:08, 2 July 2008 (UTC)

This is what makes time travel possible: the flux capacitor! ~ Dr. Emmett Brown, Back to the Future, released July 3rd, 1985.

• 4 Lyle 18:49, 30 June 2008 (UTC)
• 1 please be more thorough as to why this would make a good QOTD, if for some reason a person doesn't know what Back to the Future is. Zarbon 03:10, 1 July 2008 (UTC)
• 2 Kalki 05:44, 1 July 2008 (UTC)
• 2 InvisibleSun 19:08, 2 July 2008 (UTC)

From StrategyWiki, the free strategy guide and walkthrough wiki

Games released on July 3.

From Familypedia

July 3 is the 184th day of the year (185th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 181 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 324 - Battle of Adrianople Constantine I defeats Licinius, who flees to Byzantium.
• 987 - Hugh Capet was crowned King of France, the first of the Capetian dynasty which ruled France till the French Revolution in 1792.
• 1250 - Louis IX of France is captured by Baibars' Mamluk army at the Battle of Fariskur while he is in Egypt conducting the Seventh Crusade; he later has to ransom himself.
• 1608 - Quebec City founded by Samuel de Champlain.
• 1754 - French and Indian War: George Washington surrenders Fort Necessity to French forces.
• 1767 - Pitcairn Island is discovered by Midshipman Robert Pitcairn on an expeditionary voyage commanded by Philip Carteret.
• 1767 - Norway's oldest newspaper still in print, Adresseavisen, is founded (first edition published this date).
• 1775 - American Revolutionary War: George Washington takes command of the Continental Army at Cambridge.
• 1778 - American Revolutionary War: British forces massacre 360 men, women & children in the Wyoming Valley massacre.
• 1778 - Prussia declares war on Austria.
• 1819 - The first savings bank in the United States (The Bank of Savings in New York City) opens.
• 1839 - The first state normal school in the United States, the forerunner to today's Framingham State College, opens in Lexington with 3 students.
• 1844 - The last pair of Great Auks is killed.
• 1848 - Slaves are freed in the Danish West Indies (now U.S. Virgin Islands) by Peter von Scholten.
• 1849 - The French entered Rome in order to restore Pope Pius IX to power. This would prove a major obstacle to Italian unification.
• 1852 - Congress establishes the United States's 2nd mint in San Francisco.
• 1863 - U.S. Civil War: The final day of the Battle of Gettysburg culminates with Pickett's Charge.
• 1866 - Austro-Prussian War is decided at the Battle of Königgratz, resulting in Prussia taking over as the prominent German nation from Austria.
• 1884 - Dow Jones published its 1st stock average.
• 1886 - The New York Tribune becomes the first newspaper to use a linotype machine, eliminating typesetting by hand.
• 1890 - Idaho is admitted as the 43rd U.S. state.
• 1898 - Spanish fleet, led by Pascual Cervera y Topete, destroyed by the U.S. Navy in Santiago, Cuba during the Spanish-American War.
• 1928 - First color television broadcast in London.
• 1938 - World speed record for a steam railway locomotive is set in England, by the Mallard, which reaches a speed of 126 mph.(203 km/h)
• 1944 - World War II: Minsk was liberated from Nazi control by Soviet troops during Operation Bagration.
• 1952 - Puerto Rico's Constitution is approved by the Congress of the United States.
• 1962 - The Algerian War of Independence against the French ends.
• 1970 - A British Dan-Air De Havilland Comet chartered jetliner crashes into mountains north of Barcelona, Spain killing 113 people.
• 1976 - Israeli commandos rescue 105 hostages at Entebbe Airport, Uganda during Operation Yonatan.
• 1977 - The Senegalese Republican Movement (MRS) is founded.
• 1979 - US President Jimmy Carter signs the first directive for secret aid to the opponents of the pro-Soviet regime in Kabul.
• 1986 - US President Ronald Reagan presides over the relighting of the renovated Statue of Liberty.
• 1988 - United States Navy warship USS Vincennes shoots down Iran Air Flight 655 over the Persian Gulf, killing all 290 people aboard.
• 1988 - The Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge in Istanbul, Turkey is completed, providing the second connection between the continents of Europe and Asia over the Bosporus.
• 1989 - Fitzgerald Inquiry released in Queensland.
• 1994 - The deadliest day in Texas traffic history, according to the Texas Department of Public Safety. Forty six people were killed in crashes.
• 2001 - A Vladivostok Avia Tupolev TU-154 jetliner crashes on approach to landing at Irkutsk killing 145 people.
• 2004 - Official opening of Bangkok's subway system.
• 2005 - The national law legalizing same-sex marriage takes effect in Spain.
• 2006 - Asteroid labeled as 2004 XP14 flies 432,308 km (268,624 miles) by Earth.
• 2007 - Ghana introduces new Ghanaian cedi currency.

Births

• 1000 - Thomas Nightfarticus
• 1423 - King Louis XI of France (d. 1483)
• 1442 - Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado of Japan (d. 1500)
• 1530 - Claude Fauchet, French historian (d. 1601)
• 1676 - Leopold I, Prussian field marshal (d. 1747)
• 1683 - Edward Young, English poet (d. 1765)
• 1685 - Sir Robert Rich, British cavalry officer (d. 1768)
• 1728 - Robert Adam, Scottish architect (d. 1792)
• 1738 - John Singleton Copley, American painter (d. 1815)
• 1743 - Sophia Magdalena of Denmark, queen consort of Sweden (d. 1813)
• 1851 - Charles Bannerman, Australian cricketer (d. 1930)
• 1854 - Leoš Janáček, Czech composer (d. 1928)
• 1870 - Richard Bedford Bennett, 11th Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1947)
• 1875 - Ferdinand Sauerbruch, German surgeon (d. 1951)
• 1878 - George M. Cohan, American actor, director, singer and dancer (d. 1942)
• 1879 - Alfred Korzybski, Polish linguist (d. 1950)
• 1880 - Carl Schuricht, Polish-born German conductor (d. 1967)
• 1883 - Franz Kafka, Czech writer (d. 1924)
• 1900 - Alessandro Blasetti, Italian film director (d. 1987)
• 1903 - Ace Bailey, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1992)
• 1906 - George Sanders, Russian-born actor (d. 1972)
• 1908 - M. F. K. Fisher, American writer (d. 1992)
• 1908 - Robert B. Meyner, American politician (d. 1990)
• 1913 - Dorothy Kilgallen, American columnist (d. 1965)
• 1917 - João Saldanha, Brazilian journalist and football manager (d. 1990)
• 1918 - S. V. Ranga Rao, South Indian actor (d. 1974)
• 1920 - Paul O'Dea, baseball player (d. 1978)
• 1921 - Susan Peters, American actress (d. 1952)
• 1924 - S. R. Nathan, 6th president of Singapore
• 1927 - Ken Russell, British director
• 1930 - Carlos Kleiber, Austrian conductor (d. 2004)
• 1930 - Tommy Tedesco, American musician (d. 1997)
• 1930 - Pete Fountain, American clarinetist
• 1933 - Edward Brandt, American doctor and public health official (d. 2007)
• 1935 - Harrison Schmitt, American astronaut and politician
• 1937 - Tom Stoppard, Czech-born, British playwright
• 1938 - Bolo Yeung, Hong Kong actor
• 1939 - László Kovács, Hungarian politician and diplomat
• 1940 - César Tovar, Venezuelan Major League Baseball player (d. 1994)
• 1940 - Lamar Alexander, American politician
• 1940 - Jerzy Buzek, Prime Minister of Poland
• 1940 - Fontella Bass, American soul singer
• 1942 - Eddy Mitchell, French singer and actor
• 1942 - Paco Stanley, Mexican TV personality (d. 1999)
• 1943 - Kurtwood Smith, American actor
• 1944 - Michel Polnareff, French singer and songwriter
• 1945 - Michael Cole, American TV actor
• 1946 - Leszek Miller, Prime Minister of Poland
• 1947 - Dave Barry, American writer
• 1947 - Betty Buckley, American actress
• 1948 - Tarmo Koivisto, Finnish comics artist
• 1949 - Jan Smithers, American actress
• 1949 - Johnnie Wilder, American singer (Heatwave) (d. 2006)
• 1950 - Sandra Lee, American writer and TV presenter
• 1950 - James Hahn, American politician
• 1950 - Ewen Chatfield, New Zealand cricketer
• 1951 - Richard Hadlee, New Zealand cricketer
• 1951 - Jean-Claude Duvalier, Haitian politician
• 1952 - Alan Autry, American football player and politician
• 1955 - Sanma Akashiya, Japanese television performer
• 1956 - Don Vito, American Viva La Bam castmember
• 1957 - Laura Branigan, American singer (d. 2004)
• 1958 - Matthew Fraser, Canadian-British journalist
• 1958 - Aaron Tippin, American singer
• 1959 - Julie Burchill, British journalist and author
• 1959 - Stephen Pearcy, American singer (Ratt)
• 1960 - Vince Clarke, British songwriter (Depeche Mode, Yazoo, and Erasure)
• 1961 - Pedro Romeiras, Portuguese dancer
• 1961 - Tim Smith, English musician (Cardiacs)
• 1962 - Tom Cruise, American actor
• 1962 - Hunter Tylo, American actress
• 1962 - Thomas Gibson, American actor
• 1964 - Joanne Harris, British author
• 1964 - Yeardley Smith, French-born American actress
• 1965 - Shinya Hashimoto, Japanese wrestler (d. 2005)
• 1965 - Connie Nielsen, Danish actress
• 1966 - Moises Alou, Dominican baseball player
• 1966 - Sandra Lee, American television host and cookbook author
• 1969 - Kevin Hearn, Canadian musician (Barenaked Ladies)
• 1970 - Teemu Selänne, Finnish ice hockey player
• 1970 - Shawnee Smith, American actress
• 1970 - Serhiy Honchar, Ukrainian cyclist
• 1973 - Johnny Terris, Canadian-born actor and director
• 1973 - Patrick Wilson, American actor
• 1973 - Emma Cunniffe, British actress
• 1976 - Andrea Barber, American actress
• 1976 - Wanderlei Silva, Brazilian mixed martial artist
• 1976 - Wade Belak, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1979 - Ludivine Sagnier, French actress
• 1979 - Sotirios Kyrgiakos, Greek footballer
• 1980 - Roland Mark Schoeman, South African swimmer
• 1980 - Kevin Boyle, American basketballer
• 1982 - Kanika, Indian actress
• 1984 - Corey Sevier, Canadian actor
• 1987 - Sebastian Vettel, German racing driver
• 1988 - James Troisi, Australian footballer

Deaths

• 683 - Pope Leo II
• 1570 - Aonio Paleario, Italian humanist
• 1642 - Maria de' Medici, wife of Henry IV of France (b. 1573)
• 1672 - Francis Willughby, English biologist (b. 1635)
• 1704 - Sophia Alekseyevna, regent of Russia (b. 1657)
• 1749 - William Jones, Welsh mathematician (b. 1675)
• 1778 - Anna Maria Walburga Mozart née Pertl, mother of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (b. 1720)
• 1790 - Jean-Baptiste L. Romé de l'Isle, French chemist (b. 1736)
• 1795 - Louis-Georges de Bréquigny, French historian (b. 1714)
• 1795 - Antonio de Ulloa, Spanish general and governor of Louisiana (b. 1716)
• 1809 - Joseph Quesnel, French Canadian composer, poet and playwright (b. 1746)
• 1858 - Alexander Andreyevich Ivanov, Russian painter (b. 1806)
• 1863 - George Hull Ward, American general (b. 1826)
• 1904 - Theodor Herzl, Austrian Zionist (b. 1860)
• 1904 - Edouard Beaupré, Canadian giant and strongman (b. 1881)
• 1914 - Joseph Chamberlain, British politician (b. 1836)
• 1916 - Hetty Green, American businesswoman (b. 1834)
• 1918 - Sultan Mehmed V of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1844)
• 1933 - Hipólito Yrigoyen, President of Argentina (b. 1852)
• 1935 - André Citroën, French automobile pioneer (b. 1878)
• 1942 - Louis Franchet d'Espèrey, French general (b. 1856)
• 1954 - Siegfried Handloser, German physician (b. 1895)
• 1957 - Dolf Luque, baseball player (b. 1890)
• 1969 - Brian Jones, English musician (The Rolling Stones) (drowned) (b. 1942)
• 1971 - Jim Morrison, American singer (The Doors) (b. 1943)
• 1977 - Alexander M. Volkov, Russian novelist and mathematician (b. 1891)
• 1978 - James Daly, American actor (b. 1918)
• 1979 - Louis Durey, French composer (b. 1888)
• 1981 - Ross Martin, Polish-American actor (b. 1920)
• 1985 - Frank Selke, Canadian ice hockey manager (b. 1893)
• 1986 - Rudy Vallee, American singer (b. 1901)
• 1989 - Jim Backus, American actor (b. 1913)
• 1993 - Joe DeRita, American actor and comedian (b. 1909)
• 1993 - Don Drysdale, baseball player (b. 1936)
• 1994 - Lew Hoad, Australian tennis player (b. 1934)
• 1995 - Pancho Gonzales, American tennis player (b. 1928)
• 1995 - Eddie Mazur, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1929)
• 1998 - Danielle Bunten Berry, American software developer (b. 1949)
• 1999 - Mark Sandman, American musician (b. 1952)
• 2000 - Kemal Sunal, Turkish actor (b. 1944)
• 2001 - Mordecai Richler, Canadian author (b. 1931)
• 2001 - Johnny Russell, American country singer and songwriter (b. 1940)
• 2003 - Gaetano Alibrandi, Papal diplomat (b. 1914)
• 2004 - Andrian Nikolayev, cosmonaut (b. 1929)
• 2005 - Alberto Lattuada, Italian film director (b. 1914)
• 2005 - Gaylord Nelson, U.S. Senator from Wisconsin (b. 1916)
• 2006 - Joseph Goguen, American computer scientist (b. 1941)
• 2006 - Benjamin Hendrickson, American actor (b. 1950)
• 2007 - Alice Timander, Swedish dentist (b. 1915)
• 2007 - Boots Randolph, American saxophonist (b. 1927)

Holidays and observances

• Start of the Dog Days
• Independence Day in Belarus (when German forces lost Belarus to the Red Army in 1944)

Liturgical Feast days

• Aaron and Julius^[1]
• Saint Anatolus
• Saint Appolin
• Saint Bertran, bishop of Le Mans
• Saint Gunthiern, abbot
• Saint Guthagon, recluse
• Saint Leo II (died 683)
• Saint Marinus, bishop, martyr [Sleswig, Scandinavia]
• Saint Mucian
• Saint Phocas, martyr
• Saint Raymond, confessor at Toulouse
• Saint Sidronius, martyr [Sens]
• Translation of Saint Thomas
• [St. Thomas Day of Kerala Syrian Catholics]
• Saint Tryphon

References

1. ^ *Attwater, Donald and Catherine Rachel John. The Penguin Dictionary of Saints. 3rd edition. New York: Penguin Books, 1993. ISBN 0-140-51312-4.

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day

• On This Day in Canada

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