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For other uses of "K", see K (disambiguation).
K
Basic Latin alphabet
Aa Bb Cc Dd    
Ee Ff Gg Hh
Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn
Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt
Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
K (and k) is the 11th letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet. Its name in English (pronounced /ˈkeɪ/) is spelled kay.[1] It is also the eleventh letter of the English alphabet.

Contents

History and usage

In English, K usually represents the voiceless velar plosive; this sound is also represented by English pronunciation: /k/ in the International Phonetic Alphabet and X-SAMPA.
Egyptian hieroglyph D Proto-Semitic K Phoenician
kaph		 Etruscan K Greek
Kappa
d
Proto-semiticK-01.png PhoenicianK-01.png EtruscanK-01.png Kappa uc lc.svg
The letter K comes from the Greek letter K (kappa), which was taken from the Semitic kap, the symbol for an open hand.[2] This in turn was likely adapted by Semites who had lived in Egypt from the hieroglyph for "hand" representing D in the Egyptian word for hand, d-r-t. .The Semites evidently assigned it the sound value /k/ instead, because their word for hand started with that sound.^ If, on the other hand, it fails or returns an out of range value, or if the attribute is absent, the default value must be returned instead, or 1 if there is no default value.
  • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]

 ^ If, on the other hand, it fails or returns an out of range value, or if the attribute is absent, the default value must be returned instead, or 0.0 if there is no default value.
  • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]

 ^ If, on the other hand, it fails or returns an out of range value, or if the attribute is absent, then the default value must be returned instead, or 0 if there is no default value.
  • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]

 [3] In modern-day English slang, the word "k" is used as a substitute for the abbreviation "O.K.", or "Okay."
.In the earliest Latin inscriptions, the letters C, K and Q were all used to represent the sounds /k/ and /g/ (which were not differentiated in writing).^ A U+0054 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T character followed by any one of the following, or the first and second of the following in that order, or the second and third of the following in that order, or all three of the following in this order: A valid non-negative integer followed by a U+0048 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H character.
  • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]

 ^ U+0066 LATIN SMALL LETTER F, with the first two digits representing the red component, the middle two digits representing the green component, and the last two digits representing the blue component, in hexadecimal.
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 ^ If the keyword doesn't contain exactly one U+0078 LATIN SMALL LETTER X character, then this keyword doesn't represent anything.
  • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]

 Of these, Q was used to represent /k/ or /g/ before a rounded vowel, K before /a/, and C elsewhere. Later, the use of C (and its variant G) replaced most usages of K and Q. K survived only in a few fossilized forms such as Kalendae, "the calends".[4]
.When Greek words were taken into Latin, the Kappa was changed to C, with a few exceptions such as the praenomen Kaeso.^ In other words, the ranges in such an object are ordered, don't overlap, aren't empty, and don't touch (adjacent ranges are folded into one bigger range).
  • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]

 [2] .Some words from other alphabets were also transliterated into C. Hence, the Romance languages have K only in words from still other language groups.^ Only the newest application cache in an application cache group can have its completeness flag set to incomplete , the others are always all complete .
  • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]

 ^ This section describes this mechanism and some algorithms that can be used to convert HTML documents into other formats .
  • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]

 ^ User agents should allow users to insert new paragraphs into elements that contains only content other than paragraphs.
  • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]

 The Celtic languages also chose C over K, and this influence carried over into Old English. .Today, English is the only Germanic language to productively use hard C in addition to K (though Dutch use it in learned words of Latin origin and follows the same "hard / soft" distinction in such words as does French and English – but not in native words).^ For members that return objects (including function objects), each distinct effective script origin that is not the same as the Window object's Document 's effective script origin must be provided with a separate set of objects.
  • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]

 ^ The html element in the following example declares that the document's language is English.
  • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]

 ^ To ease the transition from HTML4 Transitional documents to the language defined in this specification, and to discourage certain features that are only allowed in very few circumstances, conformance checkers are required to warn the user when the following features are used in a document.
  • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]
Some English linguists prefer to reverse the Latin transliteration process for proper names in Greek, spelling Hecate as "Hekate", for example. And the writing down of languages that don't have their own alphabet with the Latin one has resulted in a standardization of the letter for this sound, as in Kwakiutl.
In the International Phonetic Alphabet, [k] is the symbol for the voiceless velar plosive.
.Several other alphabets also use characters with sharp angles to indicate the sound /k/ or syllables that start with a /k/, for example: Arabic ك, Hebrew כ or ק, Korean ㄱ.^ For example, a fragment identifier could be used to indicate a start position.
  • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]

 ^ The example below uses the begin keyword to indicate the start of a statement block.
  • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]

 ^ For example, a start tag will be closed by a end tag, and never by a end tag, even if the user agent is using the rules above to then generate an actual element in the DOM with the name aU00003AU00003A for that start tag.
  • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]

 This kind of phonetic-visual association was studied by Wolfgang Köhler. .However, there are also many examples of rounded letters for /k/, like క in Telugu, ก and ค in Thai, Ք in Armenian, ክ in Geez, and C in Latin.^ This requirement is not a hard requirement, however, as there are many cases where an element can be empty legitimately, for example when it is used as a placeholder which will later be filled in by a script, or when the element is part of a template and would on most pages be filled in but on some pages is not relevant.
  • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]

Codes for computing

Alternative representations of K
NATO phonetic Morse code
Kilo –·–
ICS Kilo.svg Semaphore Kilo.svg ⠅
Signal flag Flag semaphore Braille
In Unicode, the capital K is codepoint U+004B and the lower case k is U+006B.
.The ASCII code for capital K is 75 and for lowercase k is 107; or in binary 01001011 and 01101011, correspondingly.^ U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z Append the lowercase version of the current input character (add 0x0020 to the character's code point) to the current attribute's name.
  • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]
The EBCDIC code for capital K is 210, and for lowercase k, 146.
.The numeric character references in HTML and XML are "K" and "k" for upper and lower case respectively.^ Document.getElementsByTagName() Element.getElementsByTagName() HTML elements match by lower-casing the argument before comparison, elements from other namespaces are treated as in XML (case-sensitively).
  • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]

 ^ Status: Working draft This specification refers to both HTML and XML attributes and IDL attributes, often in the same context.
  • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]

 ^ In such cases, the XML parser must act as it would have if faced with a single string consisting of the concatenation of all those characters.
  • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ "K" Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition (1989); Merriam-Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged (1993); "kay," op. cit.
  2. ^ a b "K". The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd ed., 1989, online
  3. ^ Cyrus H. Gordon: The Accidental Invention of the Phonemic Alphabet
  4. ^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995). New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin (illustrated ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 21. ISBN 0195083458. http://books.google.com/books?id=IeHmqKY2BqoC. 
The basic modern Latin alphabet
Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
Letter K with diacritics

Wiktionary

Up to date as of January 14, 2010

Definition from Wiktionary, a free dictionary

The Universal Character Set
LetterK.svg
For technical reasons, the KELVIN SIGN (K - U+212A) also redirects here.
Unicode name LATIN CAPITAL LETTER K
Basic Latin U+004B
See also k, and Appendix:Variations of "k"

Contents

Translingual

Wikipedia-logo.png
Wikipedia has an article on:

Letter

K upper case (lower case k)
  1. The eleventh letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

See also

Symbol

K
  1. (chemistry) Symbol for potassium.
  2. Symbol for kelvin, the SI unit of thermodynamic temperature. Specifically (U+212A version)
  3. (baseball) The statistic for strikeouts.
  4. (biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for lysine.
  5. Thousand.
    5k = 5,000

See also

Other representations of K:
Letter styles
Capital and lowercase versions of K, in normal and italic type
Uppercase and lowercase K in Fraktur

English

Pronunciation

 Audio (UK)help, file

Letter

K (uppercase, lowercase k)
  1. The eleventh letter of the English alphabet, preceded by J and followed by L.

Abbreviation

K
  1. (education, US) kindergarten
    Example: "K-8" is Kindergarten through eighth grade
  2. (computing, often) 1,024.
  3. A single character message used as an acknowledgement (ACK), meaning "previous message received and understood."
  4. In morse code K means "go ahead" or "over" as a procedural signal.
  5. (baseball) Strikeouts.

Noun

Singular
K
Plural
Ks
K (plural Ks)
  1. (law, informal) A contract.

American Sign Language

Letter

K (Stokoe K)
  1. The letter K

Dutch

Pronunciation

  • (letter name): IPA: /ka/

Letter

K (capital, lowercase k)
  1. The eleventh letter of the Dutch alphabet.

See also

  • Previous letter: J
  • Next letter: L

Hungarian

Compass rose

Abbreviation

K
  1. E (east)

See also

Italian

Pronunciation

Noun

Wikipedia-logo.png
Italian Wikipedia has an article on:
K
Wikipedia it
K m. and f. inv.
  1. The eleventh letter of the Latin alphabet

Romanian

Pronunciation

Letter

K (capital, lowercase k)
.
  1. The fourteenth letter of the Romanian alphabet, mostly used in foreign words to represent the phoneme /k/.^ In the following example, a picture representing a company logo for XYZ Corp has been split into two pieces, the first containing the letters "XYZ" and the second with the word "Corp".
    • HTML5 25 September 2009 2:33 UTC dev.w3.org [Source type: Reference]

     Preceded by J and followed by L.

Slovene

Wikipedia-logo.png
Slovene Wikipedia has an article on:
K
Wikipedia sl

Pronunciation

Letter

K (capital, lowercase k)
  1. The 12th letter of the Slovene alphabet. Preceded by J and followed by L.

Spanish

Letter

K (upper case, lower case k)
  1. The twelfth letter of the Spanish alphabet.

Simple English

The Latin alphabet
Aa Bb Cc Dd
Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj
Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp
Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv
Ww Xx Yy Zz

K is the eleventh (number 11) letter in the English alphabet.

K or kappa is the tenth (number 10) letter in the Greek alphabet

Meanings for K


Retrieved from "http://yak.rapint.com/wiki/K"

Citable sentences

Up to date as of December 10, 2010

Here are sentences from other pages on K, which are similar to those in the above article.








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