| Kerman کرمان |
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|---|---|
| — City — | |
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|
  Kerman
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| Coordinates: 30°17′13″N 57°04′09″E / 30.28694°N 57.06917°E | |
| Country |  Iran |
| Province | Kerman |
| Elevation | 1,755 m (5,758 ft) |
| Population (2009) | |
| - Total | 750,000 |
| estimate | |
| Time zone | IRST (UTC+3:30) |
| - Summer (DST) | IRDT (UTC+4:30) |
Kerman (Persian: کرمان) is a city in Iran. It is the center of Kerman province. Located in a large and flat plain, this city is located 1,076 km (669 mi) south of Tehran, capital of Iran.
Kerman city had an estimated population of 533,799 in 2005.[1]
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Kerman was founded as a defense outpost, with the name Behdesīr, by Ardeshir I, founder of the Sassanid Empire, in the 3rd century AD. After the Battle of Nahāvand in 642, the city came under Muslim rule. At first the city's isolation allowed Kharijites and Zoroastrians to thrive there, but the Kharijites were wiped out in 698, and the population was mostly Muslim by 725. Already in the eighth century the city was famous for its manufacture of cashmere wool shawls and other textiles. The Abbasid Caliphate's authority over the region was weak, and power passed in the tenth century to the Buyid dynasty, which maintained control even when the region and city fell to Mahmud of Ghazna in the late tenth century. The name Kerman was adopted at some point in the tenth century.[2]
Kerman was under the Seljuk Turks in the 11th and 12th centuries, but remained virtually independent, conquering Oman and Fars.[3] When Marco Polo visited the city in 1271 it had become a major trade emporium linking the Persian Gulf with Khorasan and Central Asia.[4] Subsequently, however, the city was sacked many times by various invaders. Kerman expanded rapidly during the Safavid Dynasty. Carpets and rugs were exported to England and Germany during this period.[5]
In 1793 Lotf Ali Khan defeated the Qajars and in 1794 captured Kerman. But soon, he was besieged in Kerman for six months by Agha Mohammad Khan. When the city fell to Agha Mohammad Khan, angered by the popular support that Lotf Ali Khan had received, all the male inhabitants were killed or blinded, and a pile was made out of 20,000 detached eyeballs and poured in front of the victorious Agha Muhammad Khan.[6] The women and children were sold into slavery, and the city was destroyed over ninety days.
The present city of Kerman was rebuilt in the 19th century to the northwest of the old city, but the city did not recover to its former size until the 20th century.
Kerman is located on a high margin of Kavir-e Lut (Lut Desert) in the central south of Iran.
The city's many districts are surrounded by mountains which bring variety to Kerman's year round weather pattern, thus the northern part of the city is located in an arid desert area, while the highland of the southern part of the city enjoys a more moderate climate. The mean elevation of the city is about 1755 m above sea level.
Kerman city has a moderate climate and the average annual rainfall is 135 mm. Because it is located close to the Kavir-e lut, Kerman has hot summers and in the spring it often has violent sand storms. Otherwise, its climate is relatively cool.[5]
For the Iranian Paleontologists, Kerman has always been considered a fossil paradise. Finding new dinosaur footprints in 2005 has now revealed new hopes for Paleontologists to better understand the history of this area.[7][8]
Pistachio is the most source of economy in Kerman. Kerman Province is the biggest producer of pistachio in Iran or maybe all over the world. In kerman province Rafsanjan hast the most garden of pistachio, Rafsanjan is a small city in the North of Kerman city.
Carpet weaving is one of the main industries of the city, and the carpets produced there are renowned internationally.[4] Carpet weaving is a very old tradition in Kerman. The oldest carpet discovered in Kerman, belongs to about 500 years ago, which proves the precedence of weaving in this city.[9] Cotton textiles and goats-wool shawls are also manufactured.[10]
A number of modern establishments such as textile mills and brickworks also have been constructed. The province's mineral wealth includes copper and coal.[4]
The archeological ancient city of Jiroft is located south of Kerman.
Most of the population of Kerman are Shi'a Muslims. But Kerman also has a small but culturally significant Zoroastrian minority.
The population of the city in 1996 was 385,000 and the current population is 533,799.[1]
Politics in Kerman are influenced by the former President Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, his brother and Vice President Mohammad Hashemi Rafsanjani and Hossein Marashi, both from the nearby Rafsanjan.
Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman is one of Iran's leading technological institutions. Other universities are:
Kerman is on the Tehran, Bandar Abbas and Zahedan route. Kerman Airport is counted as one of the main airports which has daily & weekly flights to Tehran, Ahwaz, Yazd, Esfahan, Bandar Abbas, Mashhad and Shiraz.[5] Also the Trans-Iranian Railway passes through this city.[5]
Coordinates: 30°17′13″N 57°04′09″E / 30.28694°N 57.06917°E
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Kerman is the capital of Kerman.
Kerman is a city in southeastern Iran with 677,650 inhabitants (2006) [1], situated on a sandy plain 1749 metres above sea level. It is the capital of Kerman with 2,652,413 inhabitants (2006) and an area of 181,714 km². Kerman is the largest carpet producing and exporting center in Iran. Kerman is a large producer of pistachios on the world market. The province is rich in minerals, like copper, coal, chromium, lead, zinc, uranium and aluminum, but mining has remained on a small scale. In recent times crude oil has been discovered, but is yet not exploited.
Kerman International Airport (IATA: KER – ICAO: OIKK) has regular flights to all major and some smaller cities in Iran.
Kerman is well connected to most parts of the country by bus.
Freeways connect the city to Yazd(300 Km), Zahedan, Bandare Abbas(600 km), Birjand and Shiraz(600 km), Mashhad (1,200) km.
Kerman is connected to the whole railway network of Iran. It is connected to Yazd and also it will be connected to Zahedan in the near future(Under construction).
You can get around the city by taxi or bus. You can also go to the small towns such as Mahan, Joopar Shahdad, ...as well as the villages, such as Sirch, Zngi-Abad and ... by bus or taxi.
 Kolompeh - کلمپه |
 Antique-rug - قالی |
 Pistachio - پسته |
 Cumin - زيره |
 Henna - حنا |
 Patteh - پته |
Drinking alcohol is illegal, and if seen by police may be met with punishment, though available on the black market.
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   | Kerman in "Iran Chamber Society" - Iran Chamber Society: Iranian Cities: Kerman |
| | Dotcom Company - Dotcom Market - Home Page |
| | Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman - Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman |
| | Impressions from Kerman - Jozan: Impressions from Kerman, Iran |
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