| Khabarovsk Krai (English) Хабаровский край (Russian) |
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|---|---|
| - Krai - | |
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 Coat of arms of Khabarovsk Krai |
 Flag of Khabarovsk Krai |
| Anthem | None[citation needed] |
| Political status | |
| Country | Russia |
| Political status | Krai |
| Federal district | Far Eastern[1] |
| Economic region | Far Eastern[2] |
| Administrative center | Khabarovsk[citation needed] |
| Official languages | Russian[3]; Russian[4] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2002 Census)[5] | 1,436,570 inhabitants |
| - Rank within Russia | 35th |
| - Urban[5] | 80.6% |
| - Rural[5] | 19.4% |
| - Density | 2 /km2 (0/sq mi)[6] |
| Area (as of the 2002 Census)[7] | 788,600 km2 (304,480.2 sq mi) |
| - Rank within Russia | 4th |
| Established | October 20, 1938[citation needed] |
| License plates | 27 |
| ISO 3166-2:RU | RU-KHA |
| Time zone | VLAT/VLAST (UTC+10/+11) |
| Government (as of May 2009) | |
| Governor[8] | Vyacheslav Shport (acting)[9] |
| Legislature | Legislative Duma[10] |
| Charter | Charter of Khabarovsk Krai |
| Official website | |
| http://www.khabkrai.ru/ | |
Khabarovsk Krai (Russian: Хаба́ровский край, Khabarovsky kray) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the Russian Far East. It lies mostly in the basin of the lower Amur River, but also occupies a vast mountainous area along the coastline of the Sea of Okhotsk, an arm of the Pacific Ocean. The administrative center of the krai is the city of Khabarovsk. The indigenous people of the area are the Evenks, Negidals, Ulchs, Nanai, Oroch, Udege, and Amur Nivkhs.[11]
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According to various Chinese and Korean records, the southern part of Khabarovsk Krai was originally occupied one of the five semi-nomadic Shiwei, the Bo Shiwei tribes and the Black Water Mohe tribes living respectively on the west and the east of the Bureinsky and the Malyi Khingan ranges.
In 1643, Vassili Poyarkov's boats descended the Amur, returning to Yakutsk by the Sea of Okhotsk and the Aldan River, and in 1649–1650 Yerofey Khabarov occupied the banks of the Amur. The resistance of the Chinese, however, obliged the Cossacks to quit their forts, and by the Treaty of Nerchinsk (1689) Russia abandoned her advance into the basin of the river.
Although losing the rights to navigate the Amur River, the Chinese Qing Empire, however, never claimed the lower courses of the river. Nikolay Muravyov insisted on conducting an aggressive policy with China by claiming that the lower reaches of the Amur River belong to Russians.
Later in 1852, a Russian military expedition under Muravyov explored the Amur, and by 1857 a chain of Russian Cossacks and peasants were settled along the whole course of the river. The accomplished fact was recognized by China in 1858 by the Treaty of Aigun, recognized the Amur River as the boundary between Russia and Qing Empire, and granted Russia free access to the Pacific Ocean.
Khabarovsk Krai shares its borders with Magadan Oblast in the north, with the Sakha Republic and Amur Oblast in the west, with the Jewish Autonomous Oblast, People's Republic of China, and Primorsky Krai in the south, and is limited by the Sea of Okhotsk in the east. It is the fourth-largest federal district within the Russian Federation, with a comparative land area slightly larger than that of the U.S. state of Texas.
Taiga and tundra in the north, swampy forest in the central depression, and deciduous forest in the south are the natural vegetation in the area.
Khabarovsky Krai is the most industrialized territory of the Far East of Russia, producing 30% of the total industrial products in the Far Eastern Economic Region. The machine construction industry consists primarily of a highly developed military-industrial complex of large scale aircraft and ship building enterprises.[12] The Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Production Association is currently one of among Khabarovsk Krai's most successful enterprises, and for years has been the largest taxpayer of the territory.[12] Other major industries include timberworking and fishing, along with metallurgy in the main cities, although the krai's own mineral resources are poorly developed. Komsomolsk-on-Amur is the iron and steel center of the Far East; a pipeline from northern Sakhalin supplies the petroleum-refining industry in the city of Khabarovsk. In the Amur basin, there is also some cultivation of wheat and soybeans. The capital city, Khabarovsk, is at the junction of the Amur River and the Trans-Siberian railway.
According to the 2002 census, 89.8% of the population are Russians, 3.4% Ukrainians, 0.77% Nanais, 0.76% Tatars 0.66% Koreans and 0.62% Belarusians.
In addition to the Nanai, other indigenous groups include the Evenks and Evens in the northern part of the province, and Ulchs in the lower Amur river (Ulchsky District). Some Nivkhs (Gilyak), an indigenous fishing people speaking an isolate language, live around the Amur river delta as well. Smaller groups indigenous to the area are Negidals (567), Orochs (686), and Udege (1,657) according to the 2002 census
Birth rate for 2008 is 5.2% higher than that in 2007 and death rate is 1.4% lower. Birth rate was recorded at 11.6 for 2007 (11.1 for Urban areas and 13.8 for Rural areas). Death rate was 14.2 in 2007 (14.3 for Urban areas and 14.0 for Rural areas). Rural locations of Khabarovsk Krai had a positive natural growth of population in 2008 (For the first time in the last 16 years).[14]
Media related to Khabarovsk Krai at Wikimedia Commons
Khabarovsk Krai is a region in the Russian Far East, which borders Amur Oblast to the west, Magadan Oblast to the north, Sakhalin Oblast across the Nevelsky Straits to the east, Primorsky Krai to the southeast, and Birobidzhan and China to the south.
Khabarovsk Krai occupies a long swathe of Russia's Pacific coastline going as far south as Sakhalin and north to Magadan Oblast. In the north, taiga and tundra prevail, deciduous forests in the south, and swampy forests in the central areas around Nikolaevsk-on-Amur
See Russian phrasebook.
Khabarovsk is a major transportation hub for the entire Russian Far East and will likely be any visitor's first stop by either the Trans-Siberian Railway or via Khabarovsk's international airport.
Khabarovsk is the hub for regional air travel with important flights to Russian destinations Anadyr, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Magadan, Moscow, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Yakutsk, and Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, as well as international flights to Niigata, Japan and to Seoul, Korea. There are no direct flights to/from the US.
The next major stops to the east on the Trans-Siberian Railway are Ussuriysk and Vladivostok; to the west, Birobidzhan.
There is a regular ferry from Vanino (the terminus of the Baikal-Amur Mainline) to Kholmsk, Sakhalin.
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