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Kristin Otto
Bundesarchiv Bild 183-1982-0804-030, Kristin Otto.jpg
Kristin Otto in 1982
Personal information
Full name Kristin Otto
Nationality  East Germany
Stroke(s) Freestyle
Club Sportclub Deutsche Hochschule
für Körperkultur Leipzig
Date of birth 7 February 1966 (1966-02-07) (age 43)
Place of birth Leipzig, Sachsen
Height 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in)
Weight 70 kilograms (150 lb)

Kristin Otto (born 7 February 1966 in Leipzig, East Germany) is a German Olympic swimming champion. She is most famous for being the first woman to win six gold medals at the 1988 Seoul Olympic games.

Kristin Otto began swimming at 10 years old, she was trained in an East German sports academy. At 16 years of age she participated in her first world championships in Ecuador 1982, she won the gold medal in the 100 meter backstroke, along with two additional gold medals in the 4×100 m relays with the East German team.

After the 1982 world championships Kristin Otto changed coaches and she began concentrating on other speed strokes. At the following European Championships in 1983, Otto finished second in the 100 meter freestyle, behind fellow East German Birgit Meineke.

In 1984, Otto set a world record in the 200 meter freestyle. She was expected to win gold medals at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympic games, but was one of the many eastern bloc athletes denied their moment to shine. Things only became worse for Kristin, in 1985 she fractured her vertebra which caused her to be inactive in swimming for most of the year and she was unable to attend the European Championships.

Otto returned to swimming with a magnificent showing at the 1986 World Championships in Madrid. At those world championships she won 4 gold medals (100 m freestyle, 200 m individual medley, 4×100  medley relay and 4×100 m freestyle relay) and 2 silver medals (50 m freestyle, 100 m butterfly). Her success continued the following year at the 1987 European Championships where she won 5 gold medals.

At the 1988 Seoul Olympic games she once again was expected to win Olympic gold. This time she was able to achieve her Olympic dream.

Otto ended her swimming career in 1989. She works as a sports reporter for German television.

She was named the Female World Swimmer of the Year in 1984, 1986 and 1988 by Swimming World magazine.

Her career was marred by the revelations of widespread performance enhancement drugs use by East German athletes: former teammate Petra Schneider openly admitted that she had used banned substances. However, Otto stated that she was not aware that she was being doped, saying: "The medals are the only reminder of how hard I worked. It was not all drugs."[1] Her former teammate, now a general surgeon, Birgit Meineke has commented publicly about the procedures utilized by the East Germans.[2]

References

  1. ^ Lord, Craig (2006-03-07). Germans bid to purge themselves from their doping past. The Times. Retrieved on 2009-04-09.
  2. ^ [1]
Records
Preceded by
East Germany Barbara Krause		 Women's 100 metre freestyle
world record holder (long course)
19 August 1986 – 1 March 1992		 Succeeded by
United States Jenny Thompson
Preceded by
United States Cynthia Woodhead		 Women's 200 metre freestyle
world record holder (long course)
23 May 1984 – 18 June 1986		 Succeeded by
East Germany Heike Friedrich
Awards and achievements
Preceded by
Ute Geweniger		 World Swimmer of the Year
1984		 Succeeded by
Mary T. Meagher
Preceded by
Mary T. Meagher		 World Swimmer of the Year
1986		 Succeeded by
Janet Evans
Preceded by
Janet Evans		 World Swimmer of the Year
1988		 Succeeded by
Janet Evans
Preceded by
Ute Geweniger		 European Swimmer of the Year
1984		 Succeeded by
Silke Hörner
Preceded by
Silke Hörner		 European Swimmer of the Year
1986		 Succeeded by
Silke Hörner
Preceded by
Silke Hörner		 European Swimmer of the Year
1988		 Succeeded by
Anke Möhring
Preceded by
East Germany Silke Möller		 East German Sportswoman of the Year
1988 – 1989		 Succeeded by
Incumbent
Olympic Champions in Women's 50 m Freestyle

1988: Kristin Otto | 1992: Yang Wenyi | 1996: Amy Van Dyken | 2000: Inge de Bruijn | 2004: Inge de Bruijn | 2008: Britta Steffen
Olympic Champions in Women's 100 m Freestyle
Olympic Champions in Women's 100 m Butterfly
1956: Shelley Mann | 1960: Carolyn Schuler | 1964: Sharon Stouder | 1968: Lyn McClements | 1972: Mayumi Aoki | 1976: Kornelia Ender | 1980: Caren Metschuck | 1984: Mary T. Meagher | 1988: Kristin Otto | 1992: Hong Qian | 1996: Amy Van Dyken | 2000: Inge de Bruijn | 2004: Petria Thomas  | 2008: Libby Trickett
Olympic Champions in Women's 100 m Backstroke
Olympic Champions in Women's 4×100 m Medley Relay

1960: USA (Burke, Kempner, Schuler, von Saltza) | 1964: USA (Ferguson, Goyette, Stouder, Ellis) | 1968: USA (Hall, Ball, Daniel, Pedersen) | 1972: USA (Belote, Carr, Deardurff, Neilson) | 1976: GDR (Richter, Anke, Ender, Pollack) | 1980: GDR (Reinisch, Geweniger, Pollack, Metschuck) | 1984: USA (Andrews, Caulkins, Meagher, Hogshead) | 1988: GDR (Otto, Hörner, Weigang, Meißner) | 1992: USA (Loveless, Nall, Ahmann-Leighton, Thompson) | 1996: USA (Botsford, Beard, Martino, Van Dyken) | 2000: USA (Bedford, Quann, Thompson, Torres) | 2004: AUS (Rooney, Jones, Thomas, Henry) | 2008: AUS (Seebohm, Jones, Schipper, Trickett)
Olympic Champions in Women's 4×100 m Freestyle Relay

1912: GBR (Moore, Fletcher, Speirs, Steer) · 1920: USA (Woodridge, Schroth, Guest, Bleibtrey) · 1924: USA (Donnelly, Ederle, Lackie, Wehselau) · 1928: USA (Lambert, Osipowich, Saville, Norelius) · 1932: USA (Helen Johns, Saville, McKim, Madison) · 1936: NED (Selbach, Wagner, den Ouden, Mastenbroek) · 1948: USA (Corridon, Kalama, Helser, Curtis) · 1952: HUN (Novák, Temes, Novák, Szőke) · 1956: AUS (Fraser, Leech, Morgan, Crapp) · 1960: USA (Spillane, Stobs, Wood, von Saltza) · 1964: USA (Stouder, de Varona, Watson, Ellis) · 1968: USA (Barkman, Gustavson, Pedersen, Henne) · 1972: USA (Babashoff, Barkman, Kemp, Neilson) · 1976: USA (Peyton. Sterkel, Babashoff, Boglioli) · 1980: GDR (Krause, Metschuck, Diers, Hülsenbeck) · 1984: USA (Johnson, Steinseifer, Torres, Hogshead) · 1988: GDR (Otto, Meißner, Hunger, Manuela Stellmach) · 1992: USA (Haislett, Martino, Thompson, Torres) · 1996: USA (Martino, Van Dyken, Fox, Thompson) · 2000: USA (Van Dyken, Shealy, Thompson, Torres) · 2004: AUS (Mills, Lenton, Thomas, Henry) · 2008: NED (Dekker, Kromowidjojo, Heemskerk, Veldhuis)
World Long Course Champions in Women's 100 m Freestyle

 1973: Kornelia Ender (GDR)  •  1975: Kornelia Ender (GDR)  •  1978: Barbara Krause (GDR)  •  1982: Birgit Meineke (GDR)  •  1986: Kristin Otto (GDR)  •  1991: Nicole Haislett (USA)  •  1994: Le Jingyi (CHN)  •  1998: Jenny Thompson (USA)  •  2001: Inge de Bruijn (NED)  •  2003: Hanna-Maria Seppälä (FIN)  •  2005: Jodie Henry (AUS)  •  2007: Libby Lenton (AUS)  •  2009: Britta Steffen (GER)
World Long Course Champions in Women's 100 m Backstroke

 1973: Ulrike Richter (GDR)  •  1975: Ulrike Richter (GDR)  •  1978: Linda Jezek (USA)  •  1982: Kristin Otto (GDR)  •  1986: Betsy Mitchell (USA)  •  1991: Krisztina Egerszegi (HUN)  •  1994: Chihong He (CHN)  •  1998: Lea Maurer (USA)  •  2001: Natalie Coughlin (USA)  •  2003: Antje Buschschulte (GER)  •  2005: Kirsty Coventry (ZIM)  •  2007: Natalie Coughlin (USA)  •  2009: Gemma Spofforth (GBR)
World Long Course Champions in Women's 200 m Individual Medley

 1973: Andrea Hubner (GDR)  •  1975: Katherine Heddy (USA)  •  1978: Tracy Caulkins (USA)  •  1982: Petra Schneider (GDR)  •  1986: Kristin Otto (GDR)  •  1991: Lin Li (CHN)  •  1994: Lü Bin (swimmer) (CHN)  •  1998: Yanyan Wu (CHN)  •  2001: Martha Bowen (USA)  •  2003: Yana Klochkova (UKR)  •  2005: Katie Hoff (USA)  •  2007: Katie Hoff (USA)  •  2009: Ariana Kukors (USA)
European Champions in Women's 100 m Freestyle

1927: Maria Vierdag (NED) • 1931: Yvonne Godard (FRA) • 1934: Willy den Ouden (NED) • 1938: Ragnhild Hveger (DEN) • 1947: Fritzie Nathansen (DEN) • 1950: Irma Schumacher (NED) • 1954: Katalin Szőke (HUN) • 1958: Kate Jobson (SWE) • 1962: Heidi Pechstein (GDR) • 1966: Martina Grunert (GDR) • 1970: Gabriele Wetzko (GDR) • 1974: Kornelia Ender (GDR) • 1977: Barbara Krause (GDR) • 1981: Caren Metschuck (GDR) • 1983: Birgit Meineke (GDR) • 1985: Heike Friedrich (GDR) • 1987: Kristin Otto (GDR) • 1989: Katrin Meißner (GDR) • 1991: Catherine Plewinski (FRA) • 1993: Franziska van Almsick (GER) • 1995: Franziska van Almsick (GER) • 1997: Sandra Völker (GER) • 1999: Sue Rolph (GBR) • 2000: Therese Alshammar (SWE) • 2002: Franziska van Almsick (GER) • 2004: Malia Metella (FRA) • 2006: Britta Steffen (GER) • 2008: Marleen Veldhuis (NED)
European Champions in Women's 100 m Backstroke

1927: Wilhelmine den Turk (NED) • 1931: Marie Braun (NED) • 1934: Rie Mastenbroek (NED) • 1938: Cor Kint (NED) • 1947: Karen Margrete Harup (DEN) • 1950: Hendrika van der Horst (NED) • 1954: Geertje Wielemav {NED) • 1958: Judy Grinham (GBR) • 1962: Rita van Velsen (NED) • 1966: Christine Caron (FRA) • 1970: Tinatin Lekveishvili (URS) • 1974: Ulrike Richter (GDR) • 1977: Birgit Treiber (GDR) • 1981: Ina Kleber (GDR) • 1983: Ina Kleber (GDR) • 1985: Birte Weigang (GDR) • 1987: Kristin Otto (GDR) • 1989: Kristin Otto (GDR) • 1991: Krisztina Egerszegi (HUN) • 1993: Krisztina Egerszegi (HUN) • 1995: Mette Jacobsen (DEN) • 1997: Antje Buschschulte (GER) • 1999: Sandra Völker (GER) • 2000: Nina Zhivanevskaya (ESP) • 2002: Stanislava Komarova (RUS) • 2004: Laure Manaudou (FRA) • 2006: Laure Manaudou (FRA) • 2008: Anastasia Zuyeva (RUS)
European Champions in Women's 100 m Butterfly

1954: Jutta Langenau (GDR) • 1958: Tineke Lagerberg (NED) • 1962: Ada Kok (NED) • 1966: Ada Kok (NED) • 1970: Andrea Gyarmati (HUN) • 1974: Rosemarie Kother (GDR) • 1977: Andrea Pollack (GDR) • 1981: Ute Geweniger (GDR) • 1983: Ines Geißler (GDR) • 1985: Kornelia Gressler (GDR) • 1987: Kristin Otto (GDR) • 1989: Catherine Plewinski (FRA) • 1991: Catherine Plewinski (FRA) • 1993: Catherine Plewinski (FRA) • 1995: Mette Jacobsen (DEN) • 1997: Mette Jacobsen (DEN) • 1999: Inge de Bruijn (NED) • 2000: Martina Moravcová (SVK) • 2002: Martina Moravcová (SVK) • 2004: Martina Moravcová (SVK) • 2006: Inge Dekker (NED) • 2008: Sarah Sjöström (SWE)







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