From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Kumyk (Qumuq tili,
Qumuqça or Qumuq (alternative
spelling: Kumuk tili, Kumukça)) (Къумукъ тили) is a Turkic
language, spoken by about 365,000 speakers (the Kumyks) in the Dagestan republic of Russian Federation.
Yırçı Qazaq (born 1839) is usually considered to be a founder of
Kumyk literature. Kumyk was written using Arabic script
until 1928, using Latin script from 1928-1938, and using
Cyrillic
since then.
The first regular newspapers and magazines appeared in 1917-18.
Currently, the newspaper Ёлдаш (Yoldash,
Companion), the successor of the Soviet-era Ленин
ёлу (Lenin yolu, Lenin's Path), prints
around 5,000 copies 3 times a week.
It has been strongly influenced by Azeri and Dargwa, as well
as by Russian during last century.
Orthography
A Latin based alphabet was used from 1927–1937).
| A a |
B в |
C c |
Ç ç |
D d |
E e |
F f |
G g |
| Ƣ ƣ |
H h |
I i |
J j |
K k |
L l |
M m |
N n |
| Ŋ ŋ |
O o |
Ɵ ɵ |
P p |
Q q |
R r |
S s |
Ş ş |
| T t |
U u |
V v |
W w |
X x |
Y y |
Z z |
Ƶ ƶ |
| Ь ь |
A Cyrillic based alphabet has been used since 1937.
| А а |
Б б |
В в |
Г г |
Гъ гъ |
Гь гь |
Д д |
Е е |
| Ё ё |
Ж ж |
З з |
И и |
Й й |
К к |
Къ къ |
Л л |
| М м |
Н н |
Нг нг |
О о |
Оь оь |
П п |
Р р |
С с |
| Т т |
У у |
Уь уь |
Ф ф |
Х х |
Ц ц |
Ч ч |
Ш ш |
| Щ щ |
Ъ ъ |
Ы ы |
Ь ь |
Э э |
Ю ю |
Я я |
Kumyk alphabet from the school book (1935).
Bibliography
- Saodat Doniyorova and Toshtemirov Qahramonil. Parlons
Koumyk. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2004. ISBN 2747564479.
References
- ^
http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=kum
External
links
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