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Although Canada and the United States share the longest non-militarized border between two countries, there is a long history of disputes about the border's demarcation.

Current disputes

• Machias Seal Island 44°30′10″N 67°06′10″W / 44.50278°N 67.10278°W / 44.50278; -67.10278 (Machias Seal Island) and North Rock 44°32′17″N 67°05′17″W / 44.53795°N 67.08805°W / 44.53795; -67.08805 (North Rock) (Maine / New Brunswick), also known as the "Gray Zone"
• Strait of Juan de Fuca 48°17′58″N 124°02′58″W / 48.29944°N 124.04944°W / 48.29944; -124.04944 (Strait of Juan de Fuca) (Washington / British Columbia)
• Dixon Entrance 54°22′N 132°20′W / 54.367°N 132.333°W / 54.367; -132.333 (Dixon Entrance) (Alaska / British Columbia)
• Yukon–Alaska dispute, Beaufort Sea 72°01′40″N 137°02′30″W / 72.02778°N 137.04167°W / 72.02778; -137.04167 (Beaufort Sea) (Alaska / Yukon)
• Northwest Passage, Canada claims the passage as part of its "internal waters", while the United States regards it as an "international strait" (a strait accommodating international traffic) belonging to Canada.

Historical disputes

• Alaska boundary dispute (Alaska / British Columbia and Yukon)
  • Atlin District
• Aroostook War (Maine / New Brunswick)
• Bering Sea Arbitration
• Oregon boundary dispute (Columbia District and New Caledonia / Oregon Country)
• Pig War (Colony of Vancouver Island / Washington Territory)
• Republic of Indian Stream (New Hampshire / Quebec)
• Republic of Madawaska (Maine / New Brunswick)