Lists of Countries by Year: List of countries in 1938 – Events of 1939 – List of countries in 1940
This is a list of countries in 1939. It lists all of the sovereign states, dependent territories, puppet regimes, and unrecognized states that existed during that year, and gives a short description of their level of sovereignty.
| Contents: | Sovereign States: A B C D E F G H I J L M N P R S T U V Y Governments in Exile - Partially Recognized States - Unrecognized States Axis Puppet States - Soviet Puppet States Dependent territories: Australia - Belgium - Condominiums Denmark - France - Germany Italy - Japan - Netherlands - New Zealand - Portugal - Spain - UK - USA League of Nations Mandates - Other territories - See Also - External Links - Notes |
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Afghanistan -
The Kingdom of Afghanistan was an independent
member of the League of Nations.
Albania - The
Albanian Kingdom was an independent member of the
League of Nations. On April 9, the country was invaded by Italy, at
which point it ceased to be an independent country and left the
League of Nations. The Italian government set up a protectorate in
Albania, which is listed under Axis
puppet states.
Andorra - The
Principality of Andorra was an independent
state.
Argentina - The
Argentine Republic[1] was an
independent member of the League of Nations.
Australia - The
Commonwealth of Australia was an independent
dominion of the British Empire and member of the League of
Nations.
Belgium - The
Kingdom of Belgium was an independent member of
the League of Nations.
Bolivia - The
Republic of Bolivia was an independent member of
the League of Nations.
Brazil - The
Republic of the United States of Brazil was an
independent state
Bulgaria - The
Kingdom of Bulgaria was an independent member of
the League of Nations.
Canada - The
Dominion of Canada was an independent dominion of
the British Empire and member of the League of Nations.
Chile - The
Republic of Chile was an independent state
China - The Republic
of China was an independent member of the League of
Nations.
Colombia - The
Republic of Colombia was an independent member of
the League of Nations.
Costa Rica - The
Republic of Costa Rica was an independent
state
Cuba - The Republic
of Cuba was an independent member of the League of
Nations.
Czechoslovakia - The
Czecho-Slovak Republic was an independent member
of the League of Nations. It was conquered by Germany on March 15,
and its territory was divided between Slovakia, Germany, Hungary,
Bohemia and Moravia, and Carpatho-Ukraine.
Denmark - The
Kingdom of Denmark was an independent member of
the League of Nations.
Dominican
Republic - The Dominican Republic was
an independent member of the League of Nations.
Ecuador - The
Republic of Ecuador was an independent member of
the League of Nations.
Egypt - The Kingdom
of Egypt was an independent member of the League of
Nations.
El
Salvador[2] - The
Republic of El Salvador was an independent
state.
Estonia - The
Republic of Estonia was an independent member of
the League of Nations.
Finland - The
Republic of Finland was an independent member of
the League of Nations.
France - The
French Republic was an independent member of the
League of Nations.
Germany -
The German Reich was an independent state.
Greece - The Kingdom
of Greece was an independent member of the League of
Nations.
Guatemala - The
Republic of Guatemala was an independent
state.
Haiti - The
Republic of Haiti was an independent member of the
League of Nations.
Hatay - The Republic of
Hatay was an independent state. On June 29 it was united
with Turkey.
Honduras - The
Republic of Honduras was an independent
state.
Hungary - The Kingdom of
Hungary was an independent member of the League of
Nations. It withdrew from the league on April 14.
Iceland - The
Kingdom of Iceland was an independent state in
personal union with Denmark, which handled its foreign affairs and
defence.
Iran - Empire of
Iran was an independent member of the League of
Nations.
Iraq -
The Kingdom of Iraq was an independent member of
the League of Nations.
Ireland -
Ireland[3] was an
independent member of the League of Nations.
Italy - The Kingdom of
Italy was an independent state.
Japan
- The Empire of Japan was an independent
state.
Latvia - The
Republic of Latvia was an independent member of
the League of Nations.
Liberia - The
Republic of Liberia was an independent member of
the League of Nations.
Liechtenstein - The
Principality of Liechtenstein was an independent
state.
Lithuania - The
Republic of Lithuania was an independent member of
the League of Nations.
Luxembourg - The
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg was an independent
member of the League of Nations.
Mexico - The
United Mexican States was an independent member of
the League of Nations.
Monaco - The
Principality of Monaco was an independent
state.
Mongolia - The People's
Republic of Mongolia was an independent state.
Nepal - The Kingdom of
Nepal was an independent state.
Netherlands -
The Kingdom of The Netherlands was an independent
member of the League of Nations.
New Zealand -
The Dominion of New Zealand was an independent
dominion of the British Empire and member of the League of
Nations.
Nicaragua - The
Republic of Nicaragua was an independent
state.
Norway - The
Kingdom of Norway was an independent member of the
League of Nations.
Panama - The
Republic of Panama was an independent member of
the League of Nations.
Paraguay - The
Republic of Paraguay was an independent
state.
Peru - The Peruvian
Republic was an independent member of the League of
Nations. It withdrew from the League on April 8.
Poland - The
Polish Republic was an independent member of the
League of Nations. It was invaded by Germany on September 1 and was
fully conquered by October 6. Occupied Poland was formally
dissolved as a legal entity on October 26, and its territory became
a part of the General Government. It continued on as the Polish
government in exile (listed under governments in exile) and the
Polish Underground State (listed under unrecognized states).
Portugal - The
Portuguese Republic was an independent member of
the League of Nations.
San Marino - The
Most Serene Republic of San Marino was an
independent
Saudi Arabia
- The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was an
independent
Siam - The
Kingdom of Siam was an independent member of the
League of Nations. It was renamed the Republic of
Thailand (Thailand) on June 23.
South
Africa - The Union of South Africa
was an independent dominion of the British Empire and member of the
League of Nations.
Soviet Union
- The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was an
independent member of the League of Nations. It was expelled from
the league on December 14.
Spain - The Republic of Spain was an
independent member of the League of Nations. On April 1, it was
formally dissolved and replaced by the Spanish
State. It withdrew from the League in May.
Sweden - The
Kingdom of Sweden was an independent member of the
League of Nations.
Switzerland -
The Swiss Confederation was an independent member
of the League of Nations.
Turkey - The
Republic of Turkey was an independent member of
the League of Nations.
United
Kingdom - The United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Northern Ireland was an independent member of the
League of Nations.
United
States - The United States of America
was an independent state
Uruguay - The
Oriental Republic of Uruguay was an independent
member of the League of Nations.
Vatican City
- The State of the Vatican City was an independent
state.
Venezuela - The
United States of Venezuela was an independent
state.
Yemen - The
Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen was an independent
state.
Yugoslavia - The
Kingdom of Yugoslavia was an independent member of
the League of Nations. Poland - The
Government of the Polish Republic in Exile was the
government in exile in Poland after it was occupied by Germany. It
was established on September 17 and became the legal successor to
the Polish Republic once the country was conquered on October 6 and
annexed on October 26. It retained League of Nations
membership. Czechoslovakia
- The Provisional Government of Czechoslovakia was
established in October, following the German invasion of
Czechoslovakia. It gained a small degree of international
recognition as the legal successor to Czechoslovakia. Spain,
Nationalist - The Spanish State was a
belligerent in the Spanish Civil War. As the war
progressed, it gained diplomatic recognition from several
countries. It finally defeated the Republic of Spain on April 1,
and became the legitimate government of Spain.
Carpatho-Ukraine - The
Republic of Carpatho-Ukraine was an unrecognized
state which declared independence from Czechsolovakia on March 14
in the wake of the German invasion. The state was occupied by
Hungarian troops shortly thereafter, and was formally annexed to
Hungary on March 16.
Polish Underground
State - The Polish Underground State
was a resistance movement against the German occupation of Poland.
It was established on October 6 as a continuation of the formerly
independent Polish Republic. It was loyal to the Polish government
in exile.
Tibet - The
Kingdom of Tibet was a state that was de
facto independent of China.Over the course of World War II the Axis Powers established several puppet governments in the territories which they conquered.
China,
Provisional Government of - The Provisional
Government of the Republic of China was a Japanese puppet
state in Northern China. China,
Reformed Government of - The Reformed
Government of the Republic of China was a Japanese puppet
state in Southern China.
Manchukuo - The
Empire of Manchuria was a Japanese puppet state in
the Manchuria region of China. It was recognized as independent by
handful of states.
Mengjiang – The
Mongol United Autonomous Government was Japanese
puppet in the Inner Mongolia region of China. It was renamed the
Mengjiang United Autonomous Government on
September 1.
Slovakia - The
Slovak Republic was a German client state which
declared independence from Czechoslovakia on March 15. It was
officially designated an independent state under German
protection.
Tannu Tuva - The
Tuvinian People's Republic was a puppet state of
the Soviet Union. It was only recognized as independent by that
country and Mongolia. Terijoki - The Finish
Democratic Republic[5] was a
Soviet-backed puppet regime. The Soviet Union recognized it as the
sole legitimate government of Finland, but this was not accepted by
the international community. It was established on December 1. Norfolk
Island - Norfolk Island was an
external territory of Australia.
Territory of
Papua - Papua was an external
territory of Australia. Territory of New
Guinea - Papua was an external
territory of Australia.
Belgian Congo -
The Belgian Congo was a colony of
Belgium.
[6] Anglo-Egyptian Sudan -
The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan was a condominium of the
United Kingdom and Egypt.
[7] New Hebrides
- The New Hebrides were an Anglo-French
condominium.
Faroe
Islands - The Faroe Islands were a
Danish possession. Greenland -
Greenland was a Danish possession. Algeria
- French Algeria was a colonial possession of
France. It was officially composed of several departments, all of
which were integral parts of the French state.
Bohemia and
Moravia - The Protectorate of Bohemia and
Moravia was a protectorate of Germany established on March
15 after the conquest of Czechoslovakia. General
Government - The General Government for the
Occupied Polish Territories was the entity that governed
those territories of the former Polish Republic which were under
German occupation but which had not been annexed directly to
Germany itself. It was officially established on October 26.
Albania - The
Albanian Kingdom was a protectorate of Italy with
Italian King Victor Emmanuel
III as its sovereign. It was established on April 9, when the
independent Albanian Kingdom was conquered. Aegean
Islands Italian
East Africa - Italian East Africa was
an Italian colony. Libya -
Italian Libya was an Italian colony. Curaçao - Curaçao
and Dependencies was a Dutch colony. Cape Verde -
Cape Verde was a crown colony of Portugal. Portuguese East Africa -
Portuguese East Africa was a crown colony of
Portugal. Portuguese
Guinea - Portuguese Guinea was a
colony of Portugal. Portuguese
India[8] - The
Portuguese State of India was a colony of
Portugal. Portuguese
Timor - Portuguese Timor was a colony
of Portugal. Portuguese West Africa -
Portuguese West Africa was a crown colony of
Portugal. São João
Baptista de Ajudá - The Fort of São João
Baptista de Ajudá was a colony of Portugal. São Tomé and Príncipe -
São Tomé and Príncipe was a crown colony of
Portugal. Río de
Oro - Río de Oro was a Spanish
possession. Spanish
West Africa - Spanish West Africa was
a Spanish possession.
Abu Dhabi - The
Sheikdom of Abu Dhabi was a protectorate of the
United Kingdom.
Aden -
The Aden Colony and Protectorate was a British
colony.
Ajman - The
Sheikdom of Ajman was a protectorate of the United
Kingdom. Ascension
Island - Ascension Island was a
British colony administered from Saint Helena.
Bahrain -
Bahrain was a protectorate of the United
Kingdom. Basutoland -
Basutoland was a protectorate of the United
Kingdom. Bechuanaland - The
Bechuanaland Protectorate was a protectorate of
the United Kingdom. It was under the authority of the Governor of
Cape Colony.
Bermuda -
Bermuda was a British crown colony.
Bhutan - The
Kingdom of Bhutan was a protectorate of the United
Kingdom.
British
Guiana - British Guiana was a British
colony.
British
Honduras - British Honduras was a
British crown colony. British Solomon Islands - The
British Solomon Islands were a British
protectorate.
Brunei - The
State of Brunei, Abode of Peace was a protectorate
of the United Kingdom.
Burma -
Burma was a British colony.
Gambia,
The - The Gambia Colony and
Protectorate was a British Crown colony.
Gold Coast - The
Gold Coast was a British colony. It included the
Gold Coast Northern Territories Protectorate and the Ashanti
Protectorate.
Kenya - The Kenya
Colony and Protectorate was a British Crown colony.
Mauritius -
Mauritius was a British colony. Newfoundland - The
Dominion of Newfoundland was a non-self-governing
Dominion of the British Empire. It included the dependency of Labrador.
Nigeria - The
Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria was a British
colony.
Nyasaland - The
Nyasaland Protectorate was a British
protectorate. Sierra Leone
- The Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate was a
British colony. American
Samoa - American Samoa was an
unincorporated territory of the United States. Nauru -
Nauru was a United Nations trust territory under
Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom, with Australia in
effective control.
Åland - The Åland
Islands were a neutral and demilitarized autonomous
province of Finland.
Danzig - The Free
City of Danzig was an autonomous city state under League
of Nations protection. It was annexed by Germany on September
2. Svalbard -
Svalbard was a demilitarized part of Norway.
Tangier -
Tangier was an international zone under League of
Nations protection.  | Statistical Yearbook of the League of Nations - Statistical Yearbook of the League of Nations, Northwestern University Library |
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