From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This list of the tallest residential buildings in the world ranks buildings whose occupiable height is at least 90 percent devoted to residential use.[1] Q1, located in Gold Coast, Australia, is the tallest residential building in the world.[2][3] Several taller residential skyscrapers are planned, mostly in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The tallest one will be Pentominium, currently under construction; upon its completion in 2014, it is expected to reach 516 metres (1,693 ft) and will become the world's tallest residential building.[4] Other notable residential skyscraper developments include Damac Heights and Marina 106. They were expected to become the second and the third tallest residential buildings in the world at 426 metres (1,398 ft) and 425 metres (1,394 ft) respectively; however, their construction has been halted due to the financial crisis. Princess Tower will become the tallest residential building in the world upon completion in late 2010, and will remain so until 2014 when it will be surpassed by Pentominium. Other residential skyscrapers includes The Marina Torch, 23 Marina, Elite Residence, and D1. Chicago Spire in Chicago, Illinois, which was expected to become the tallest residential building in the world at 610 metres (2,000 ft), has also been put on hold indefinitely because of the financial crisis.[5]
History
The first residential skyscrapers were the The Belcher's Tower 1 and The Belcher's Tower 2 located in Hong Kong, whose heights exceed 200 metres (660 ft) and 221 metres (725 ft) respectively. In 2001, Trump World Tower in New York City became the tallest residential building in the world until 2003, when it was surpassed by 21st Century Tower in Dubai. Since 2005 Q1 located in Gold Coast, Australia, is the tallest residential building in the world.
Today, the percentage of residential usage is increasing as the majority of the skyscrapers are being utilized for residential purposes,[6] making Burj Khalifa the world's first supertall skyscraper which includes residential space. In Dubai alone eleven residential skyscrapers whose heights exceed 300 metres (980 ft) are under construction, and a number of skyscrapers are either approved or awaiting approval for construction.
Since the first skyscraper was built, the great majority of skyscrapers in the world were used predominantly as office space. From 1930 to 2000 the percentage of office space in skyscrapers never fell below 86 percent, but today the percentage of office space is as low as 46 percent. Only four out of the ten tallest buildings in the world and twenty-eight out of the fifty tallest buildings in the world are used primarily as offices.[7]
Ranking criteria and alternatives
The non-profit international organization Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH), formed in 1969, decides which structure is "The World's Tallest Building" and sets the standards by which buildings are measured. It maintains a list of the 100 tallest completed residential buildings in the world.[7] As of 2009, the council ranked Q1 as the tallest, reaching a height of 323 metres (1,060 ft).[7]
In 1996, in response to a dispute over whether the Petronas Towers or the Willis Tower (formerly the Sears Tower) was taller, the council listed and ranked buildings in four categories: the height of the structural or architectural top, the height of the highest occupied floor, the height to the top of the roof (removed as a category in November 2009), [8] and the height to the top of any part of the building. A tall building's "tallest" rank therefore depends on its spires and antennas as well as the height of its architectural top.[9] For example, the Petronas Towers, with its spire, is ranked higher than the Willis Tower with its antennas, despite the Petronas Towers' lower roof.[10]
Completed
This list ranks completed and topped out residential buildings that stand at least 200 metres (656 ft) tall, based on standard height measurement. An equal sign (=) following a rank indicates the same height between two or more buildings.
Under construction
This list contains residential buildings that are at least 200 metres (660 ft) in height and are either currently under construction or on-hold. It does not include completed, topped-out, approved or proposed skyscrapers.
| Rank |
Building |
City |
Country |
Height
m / ft |
Floors |
Construction
started / ends (est.) |
| 1 |
Chicago Spire[A] |
Chicago |
United States |
01.0610 / 2,000 |
150 |
2007 / 2012[118][119][120] |
| 2 |
Pentominium |
Dubai |
United Arab Emirates |
01.0516 / 1,693 |
122 |
2009 / 2014[4] [121][122] |
| 3 |
Damac Heights[A] |
Dubai |
United Arab Emirates |
01.0426 / 1,394 |
100 |
2008 / 2012[123][124][125] |
| 4 |
Marina 106[A] |
Dubai |
United Arab Emirates |
01.0425 / 1,394 |
107 |
2008 / 2012[126] |
| 5 |
Princess Tower |
Dubai |
United Arab Emirates |
01.0414 / 1,358 |
101 |
2005 / 2010[127][128] |
| 6 |
Marina 101 |
Dubai |
United Arab Emirates |
01.0412 / 1,352 |
101 |
2006 / 2010[129][130] |
| 7 |
23 Marina |
Dubai |
United Arab Emirates |
01.0395 / 1,296 |
89 |
2006 / 2010[131][132] |
| 8 |
Elite Residence |
Dubai |
United Arab Emirates |
01.0380 / 1,247 |
91 |
2006 / 2010[133][134] |
| 9 |
Central Market Residential Tower |
Abu Dhabi |
United Arab Emirates |
01.0373 / 1,227 |
88 |
2006 / 2010[135] |
| 10 |
D1 |
Dubai |
United Arab Emirates |
01.0350 / 1,148 |
80 |
2007 / 2011[136][137] |
| 11 |
The Marina Torch |
Dubai |
United Arab Emirates |
01.0345 / 1,132 |
80 |
2007 / 2010[138][139] |
| 12 |
Infinity Tower |
Dubai |
United Arab Emirates |
01.0330 / 1,083 |
80 |
2006 / 2010[140][141] |
| 13 |
Met 3 |
Miami |
United States |
01.0310 / 1,017 |
75 |
2006 / 2012[142] |
| 14 |
The Gramercy Residences |
Makati |
Philippines |
01.0302 / 991 |
68 |
2007 / 2012[143][144] |
| 15 |
We've the Zenith Tower A |
Busan |
South Korea |
01.0301 / 988 |
80 |
2007 / 2011[145] |
| 16 |
I'Park Marina Tower 2 |
Busan |
South Korea |
01.0292 / 958 |
72 |
2007 / 2011[146] |
| 17 |
Sulafa Tower |
Dubai |
United Arab Emirates |
01.0285 / 935 |
75 |
2006 / 2009[147] |
| 18 |
We've the Zenith Tower B |
Busan |
South Korea |
01.0282 / 925 |
75 |
2007 / 2011[148] |
| 19 |
Mag 218 Tower |
Dubai |
United Arab Emirates |
01.0275 / 902 |
66 |
2006 / 2009[149][150] |
| 20 |
I'Park Marina Tower 1 |
Busan |
South Korea |
01.0272 / 894 |
66 |
2007 / 2011[151] |
| 21= |
WBC the Palace 1 |
Busan |
South Korea |
01.0265 / 869 |
51 |
2007 /2010[152] |
| 21= |
WBC the Palace 2 |
Busan |
South Korea |
01.0265 / 869 |
51 |
2007 / 2010[152] |
| 21= |
We've the Zenith Tower C |
Busan |
South Korea |
01.0265 / 869 |
51 |
2008 / 2011[148] |
| 24 |
Central Park Residential Tower |
Dubai |
United Arab Emirates |
01.0261 / 857 |
51 |
2006 / 2010[153] |
| 25 |
Marina Pinnacle |
Dubai |
United Arab Emirates |
01.0260 / 853 |
67 |
2007 / 2010[154] |
| 26= |
Rechensia Tower 1 |
Bucheon |
South Korea |
01.0238 / 781 |
66 |
2007 / 2010[155] |
| 26= |
Rechensia Tower 2 |
Bucheon |
South Korea |
01.0238 / 781 |
66 |
2007 / 2010[155] |
| 28= |
Central Star |
Busan |
South Korea |
01.0207 / 679 |
58 |
2007 / 2011[156] |
| 28= |
Han Forest e-Convenient World Tower 1 |
Seoul |
South Korea |
01.0207 / 679 |
51 |
2007 / 2010[157] |
| 28= |
Han Forest e-Convenient World Tower 2 |
Seoul |
South Korea |
01.0207 / 679 |
53 |
2007 / 2010[157] |
| 31 |
I'Park Marina Tower 3 |
Busan |
South Korea |
01.0205 / 673 |
46 |
2007 / 2011[158] |
Notes
- A. ^ Construction is currently on-hold due to lack of finances.
- B. ^ Topped out in 2009, expected completion in 2010.
See also
References
- General
- Specific
- ^ "Official World's 100 Tallest High-rise Buildings (Residential Use)". Emporis Corporation. January 2010. http://www.emporis.com/en/bu/sk/st/tp/ty/rs/. Retrieved 18 January 2010.
- ^ "Q1 Tower". http://www.q1.com.au/. Retrieved 12 February 2010.
- ^ a b "Q1 Building". Skyscraper Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=4637. Retrieved 12 February 2010.
- ^ a b "Pentominium". http://www.pentominium.com. Retrieved 12 February 2010.
- ^ Kamin, Blair (2008-11-12). "Chicago's Spire In Trouble". Business Week. McGraw-Hill Companies. http://www.businessweek.com/innovate/content/nov2008/id20081112_290436.htm?chan=innovation_architecture_top+stories. Retrieved 24 February 2010.
- ^ "100 tallest completed buildings in the world" (PDF). Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/CTBUH_TallestOffice.pdf. Retrieved 10 February 2010.
- ^ a b c "100 tallest completed buildings in the world" (PDF). Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/CTBUH_TallestOffice.pdf. Retrieved 10 February 2010.
- ^ "Height Criteria changed". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. http://www.ctbuh.org/NewsMedia/PR_091117_ChangeHeightCriteria/tabid/1273/language/en-US/Default.aspx. Retrieved 19 January 2010.
- ^ "Height Criteria". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. http://www.ctbuh.org/HighRiseInfo/TallestDatabase/Criteria/tabid/446/language/en-GB/Default.aspx. Retrieved 16 February 2010.
- ^ "The History of Measuring Tall Buildings". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. http://www.ctbuh.org/AboutCTBUH/History/HistoryMeasuringTallBuildings/tabid/1320/language/en-GB/Default.aspx. Retrieved 16 February 2010.
- ^ "Q1 building". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=101921. Retrieved 19 January 2010.
- ^ "HHHR Tower". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&id=272691&lng=3. Retrieved 19 January 2010.
- ^ "100 tallest completed buildings in the world". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=51096. Retrieved 19 January 2010.
- ^ "Ocean Heights,Dubai". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=33906. Retrieved 19 January 2010.
- ^ "Ocean Heights,Dubai". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=217285. Retrieved 19 January 2010.
- ^ "Eureka Tower,Australia". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=131515. Retrieved 19 January 2010.
- ^ "Eureka Tower,Australia". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=1152. Retrieved 19 January 2010.
- ^ "Emirates Crown". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=34475. Retrieved 19 January 2010.
- ^ "Emirates Crown". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&id=219093. Retrieved 19 January 2010.
- ^ "Millennium Tower". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&id=brightstarttower-dubai-unitedarabemirates&lng=3. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "Millennium Tower". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=33288. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "Mag 218 Tower". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=35678. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "Mag 218 Tower". Emporis Corporaion. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=219114. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "The Cullinan North Tower". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/cx/?id=unionsquare-hongkong. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "The Cullinan South Tower". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/cx/?id=unionsquare-hongkong. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "21st Century Tower". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&id=186985. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "21st Century Tower". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. http://buildingdb.ctbuh.org/?list=1. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "Triumph-Palace". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://www.skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=8961. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "Samsung Tower palace 3 - Tower G". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=3778. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "Samsung Tower Palace 3 - Tower G". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&id=101854. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "Trump World Tower,New york city". http://www.trumpworldtower.com. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "Sapphire of Istanbul". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=kilertower-istanbul-turkey. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "Sapphire of Istanbul". http://www.istanbulsapphire.com. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "City of capitals,Moscow". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/cx/?id=108216. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "Sorrento 1". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=sorrento1-hongkong-china. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "Sorrento 1". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=6683. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "Hyperion Tower A,Seoul South Korea". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=4301. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "The Harbour Hotel and Residence,Dubai". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=31391. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "The Harbour Hotel and Residence,Dubai". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=210876. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "Highlicff". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=100639. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "Highcliff". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=1280. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "The Harbourside". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=100659. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "The Habourside". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=7287. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "Chelsea Tower". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&id=176743&lng=3. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "Chelsea Tower". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=27208. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "Legacy Tower". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=229842. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "The Imperial Tower I". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=streetimperialii-mumbai-india. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "The Imperial Tower I". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=31571. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "The Imperial Tower II". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=streetimperialii-mumbai-india. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "The Imperial Tower II". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=31571. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
- ^ "Metapolis 1". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. http://buildingdb.ctbuh.org/?do=create&list_country=KR&list_status=CUC&search=yes. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Metapolis 2". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. http://buildingdb.ctbuh.org/?do=create&list_country=KR&list_status=CUC&search=yes. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "State Tower". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=statetower-bangkok-thailand. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Al Fattan Tower". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/cx/?id=104942. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "The Sail @ Marina Bay". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=27842. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "The Sail @ Marina Bay". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/cx/?id=108573. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Oasis Beach Tower". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/cx/?id=104942. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "The Tower,Dubai". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=131439. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Hyperion Tower B". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=4301. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Ocean Two". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=41318/. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Sorrento 2". Emprois Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&id=sorrento2-hongkong-china&lng=3. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Sorrento 2". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=6683. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ a b c d "The first world tower 1". http://www.songdo.com/. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Tower palace one, Tower B". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=131364. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "The Habourfront Landmark". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=100638. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "World Tower". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=worldtower-sydney-australia. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "The Belchers Tower 5". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/cx/?id=streetbelchers-hongkong. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "The Belchers Tower 6". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/cx/?id=streetbelchers-hongkong. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Leader's View 1". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. http://buildingdb.ctbuh.org/?do=create&list_country=KR&list_status=CUC&search=yes. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Leader's View 2". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. http://buildingdb.ctbuh.org/?do=create&list_country=KR&list_status=CUC&search=yes. Retrieved 4 February 2010.
- ^ "Metapolis 102". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. http://buildingdb.ctbuh.org/?do=create&list_country=KR&list_status=CUC&search=yes. Retrieved 4 February 2010.
- ^ "The Belchers Tower 1". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/cx/?id=streetbelchers-hongkong. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "The Belchers Tower 2". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/cx/?id=streetbelchers-hongkong. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Tregunter 3". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=3831. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "The Summit". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=streetsummit-hongkong-china. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Circle on cavill North Tower". http://www.circleoncavill.com.au/. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Grand Promenade". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=28693. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Grand Promenade 2-5". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/cx/?id=109631. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "The peak twin towers". http://thepeak-sudirman.com/. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Sorrento 3". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=6683. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Sorrento 3". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=sorrento3-hongkong-china. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Al Seef Tower". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=alseeftower-dubai-unitedarabemirates. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "The Belchers Tower 3". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/cx/?id=streetbelchers-hongkong. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "The Belchers Tower 8". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/cx/?id=streetbelchers-hongkong. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ a b c "Victorea Tower 1". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=7039. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Victorea Tower 1". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/cx/?id=101905. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Victorea Tower 2". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/cx/?id=101905. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Victorea Tower 3". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/cx/?id=101905. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Sorrneto 5". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&id=sorrento5-hongkong-china&lng=3. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Sorrneto 5". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=6683. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Centum star Tower A" (PDF). Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. http://www.ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Tallest/CTBUH_TallestSKorea.pdf. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
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- ^ "Le Reve,Dubai". http://www.lerevedubai.com/. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Tower Palace one,Tower A". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&id=131365&lng=3. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Tower Palace One,Tower C". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&id=131366&lng=3. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Marina Heights Tower". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=marinah8stower-dubai-unitedarabemirates. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Aurora Tower". Apartmentreviews.com. http://www.apartmentreviews.com.au/buildings/00006.htm. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Marins Crown". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=marinacrown-dubai-unitedarabemirates. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Metapolis 103". http://www.e-metapolis.co.kr/main.asp. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Sorrento 6". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=6683. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Sorrneto 6". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&id=sorrento6-hongkong-china&lng=3. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Barclay Tower". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=29858. Retrieved 22 January 2010.
- ^ "Barclay Tower". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=10barclaystreet-newyorkcity-ny-usa. Retrieved 22 January 2010.
- ^ "Barclay Tower". Highrises.com. http://www.highrises.com/new-york-city/barclay-tower/. Retrieved 22 January 2010.
- ^ "Freshwater place". Freshwater.com. http://www.freshwaterplace.com.au/. Retrieved 22 January 2010.
- ^ "340 on the park". Magellansells.com. http://magellansells.com/search-item.html?listid=68. Retrieved 22 January 2010.
- ^ "Metapolis 103". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. http://buildingdb.ctbuh.org/?do=create&list_country=KR&list_status=CUC&search=yes. Retrieved 22 January 2010.
- ^ "Berjaya Times Square,Tower B". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=toweraberjayatimessquare-kualalumpur-malaysia. Retrieved 22 January 2010.
- ^ "1322 Golden Empire Tower". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=51096. Retrieved 22 January 2010.
- ^ "1322 Golden Empire Tower". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=goldenempiretower-manila-philippines. Retrieved 22 January 2010.
- ^ a b c d "Island Resort Tower 1-2". Skyscraperpage Source Media. http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=7832. Retrieved 22 January 2010.
- ^ "Island Resort Tower 1-2". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/cx/?id=100034. Retrieved 22 January 2010.
- ^ "Island Resort Tower 3-5". Emporis Corporation. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/cx/?id=100034. Retrieved 22 January 2010.
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