From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Loch Ness
With Urquhart Castle in the foreground
Location	Highlands, Scotland
Coordinates	57°18′N 4°27′W / 57.3°N 4.45°W / 57.3; -4.45Coordinates: 57°18′N 4°27′W / 57.3°N 4.45°W / 57.3; -4.45
Lake type	freshwater loch, oligotrophic, dimictic
Primary inflows	River Oich/Caledonian Canal, River Moriston, River Foyers, River Enrick, River Coilte
Primary outflows	River Ness/Caledonian Canal
Catchment area	1,775 km2 (685 sq mi)
Basin countries	Scotland
Max. length	40 km (25 mi)
Max. width	2.4 km (1.5 mi)
Surface area	56.4 km2 (21.8 sq mi)
Average depth	132 m (433 ft)
Max. depth	247.5 m (812 ft)
Water volume	7.4 km3 (1.8 cu mi)
Surface elevation	15.8 m (52 ft)
Islands	1 (Cherry Island)
Settlements	Fort Augustus, Invermoriston, Drumnadrochit, Abriachan, Lochend; Whitebridge, Foyers, Inverfarigaig, Dores.

Loch Ness (pronounced /ˌlɒx ˈnɛs/, Scottish Gaelic: Loch Nis) is a large, deep, freshwater loch in the Scottish Highlands (57°18′N 4°27′W / 57.3°N 4.45°W / 57.3; -4.45) extending for approximately 37 km (23 mi) southwest of Inverness. Its surface is 15.8 m (52 ft) above sea level. Loch Ness is best known for the alleged sightings of the legendary Loch Ness Monster, also known as "Nessie".

It is connected at the southern end by the River Oich and a section of the Caledonian Canal to Loch Oich. At the northern end there is the Bona Narrows which opens out into Loch Dochfour, which feeds the River Ness and a further section of canal to Inverness. It is one of a series of interconnected, murky bodies of water in Scotland; its water visibility is exceptionally low due to a high peat content in the surrounding soil.

Loch Ness is the second largest Scottish loch by surface area at 56.4 km² (21.8 sq mi) after Loch Lomond, but due to its great depth it is the largest by volume. Its deepest point is 230 m (755 ft),^[1][2] deeper than the height of London's BT Tower at 189 m (620 ft) and deeper than any other loch with the exception of Loch Morar. It contains more fresh water than all lakes in England and Wales combined,^[2] and is the largest body of water on the Great Glen Fault, which runs from Inverness in the north to Fort William in the south.

Villages and places

At Drumnadrochit is "The Loch Ness Exhibition Centre"^[3] which examines the controversy through the natural history of Loch Ness. Boat cruises operate from various locations on the loch shore, giving visitors the chance to look for the "monster".

Urquhart Castle is located on the Western shore, 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Drumnadrochit.

Lighthouses are located at Lochend (Bona Lighthouse) and Fort Augustus.

Fish species

Urquhart Bay and Loch Ness viewed from Grant's Tower at Urquhart Castle.

Island

The only island on Loch Ness is Cherry Island, visible at its southwestern end, near Fort Augustus. It is a crannog, which is a form of artificial island.^[4] (Most crannogs were constructed during the Iron Age.)

There was formerly a second island (Dog Island) which was submerged when the water level was raised during the construction of the Caledonian Canal.^[4]

Hydroelectricity

Loch Ness serves as the lower storage reservoir for the Foyers pumped-storage hydroelectric scheme, which was the first of its kind in United Kingdom. The turbines were originally used to provide power for a nearby aluminium smelting plant, but now electricity is generated and supplied to the National Grid. Another scheme, the 100 MW Glendoe Hydro Scheme near Fort Augustus, has recently finished construction and began generation in June 2009 producing 76gigawatt hour in its first months of operation.^[5][6]

Geology

Loch Ness lies along the Great Glen Fault, which forms a line of weakness in the rocks which has been excavated by glacial erosion, forming the Great Glen and the basins of Loch Lochy, Loch Oich and Loch Ness.

Gallery

Locks on Caledonian Canal in Fort Augustus, Loch Ness in the background

Loch Ness looking south, taken in May 2006.

Sunrise over Loch Ness, taken at Urquhart Castle

Loch Ness panorama from a ship in 2008

References

External links

• Media related to Loch Ness at Wikimedia Commons
• Loch Ness travel guide from Wikitravel
• Loch Ness information Website, Editor Tony Harmsworth
• Loch Ness Project Research Site, Editor Adrian Shine
• Loch Ness Pictures
• Loch Ness Guide
• Virtual Tour of Loch Ness and surrounding area

From Wikitravel

Loch Ness is Scotland's (if not the world's) most famous lake (or 'loch' in Scotland). It runs for 23 miles (37 km) along the natural geological cleft that stretches from Fort William in the west of the Scottish Highlands, to Inverness in the north.

About a mile wide at most places it is the purported home of the Loch Ness monster, a possibly mythical creature, which dwells in the Loch and is occasionally spotted by locals and passers-by. The sightings claimed lend credence to the remote possibility of a group of survivors of the long-extinct plesiosaurs (which lived up to around 65 million years ago).

Urquhart Castle from Loch Ness

Urquhart Castle with Loch Ness in the background

Regions

The Scottish Highlands consist of a plateau dissected by glacier scoured glens (valleys), many of them containing lochs (lakes). Loch Ness, the largest body of water in UK, lies in the geological fault known as Glen Mor or Great Glen. The latter stretches for about 60 miles (97 km). The Caledonian Canal joins four lochs in the Great Glen – Dochfour, Ness, Oich and Lochy – and at each end connects to the sea. It connects to the North Sea at Inverness via the Moray Firth and the Atlantic Ocean at Corpach near Fort William. A series of lock gates in the canal helps to raise or lower ships.

Loch Ness extends from Fort Augustus at one end to Lochend near Inverness at the other. It is 740 feet (226 metres) deep at its deepest point and is the second largest Scottish loch by surface area at 21.8 sq mi (56.4 sq km). Loch Lomond is larger with an area of 71 sq km. In fact Loch Ness is not the deepest loch either. Loch Morar plunges to over 1,000ft. And it is not the longest Loch, that record goes to 34 mile Loch Awe. Loch Ness, however, owing to its steep-sided, flat-bottomed side-slip fault line origins is the largest volume of freshwater in the British Isles, containing more water than all the lakes, rivers and reservoirs of England and Wales combined ... room enough for a few mysteries. The A82 road which runs along the western bank of Loch Ness offers stunning views of the loch all along the route. Rugged hills climb steeply from the loch’s dark waters. There are many parking places along the road where vehicles can be parked and the beauty of the surroundings savoured. There are some less used roads on the eastern side of the loch. A complete circuit of the loch covers about 70 miles (110 km). Driving on these roads can be challenging if you are not used to driving on the left. It may be better to take a tour along the loch or see it by boat. See the section on tours below.

Loch Ness near Lochend

Lochend

• Inverness – It is the largest city in the region with an airport. Apart from A82 several other roads coverge on the city – A9 comes from beyond Aviemore in the south-east and then moves further north-west to Alness and beyond, A 96 comes from the north-east. Smaller roads come from other directions.

• Drumnadrochit – It is a popular stop for tourists with two Loch Ness Monster exhibitions – one "official" [1] and the other "original" [2] The ruins of Urquhart Castle [3] are two miles away at Strone point. A 831 road leaves from here for some beautiful areas, ultimately reaching Inverness.

• Invermoriston - The valley of the River Moriston that empties itself into the loch here, over a series of rapids, is one of the most beautiful of all the highland glens. The road is lined with mature deciduous trees on both sides creating an avenue of natural beauty. A887 road takes off in the direction of the Isle of Skye. The Loch Ness Youth Hostel (part of Scottish Youth Hostels Association) is located at Alltsigh, nearby (Telephone: 01320 351274.) About two miles on the road to Fort Augustus is Invermoriston Camping and Caravan site where tourists can pitch their tents or park a caravan on the banks of the loch.

• Fort Augustus – It is the largest of the loch side villages. There is a tourist office near the car park. The Hannoverians built a series of forts to secure the Great Glen: Fort George near Inverness, Fort Augustus in the heart of the Great Glen, and Fort William at the southern end.

• Glenmoriston [4] - The A887 takes off from Invermoriston and heads west for Glenmoristion along the River Moriston. The road links to A87 further ahead. The sheer beauty of the place is recommeded by all for a detour from the main track. One can travel even 20-25 miles inside but say around 10 miles or so could show a visitor what a place it is. About 5 miles inside is Dundreggan Loch (Dundreggan means 'the hill of the dragon'). It is an artificial lake created for hydro-electricity generation. Another 2 miles in is the Redburn Café, a great place to eat, with such ice cream concoctions as the Loch Ness Monster.

• Glen Affric [5] and Glen Cannich [6] – The A831 takes off from Drumnadrochit for the remote village of Cannich, 12 miles to the west. Glen Affric and Glen Cannich are located further west. Loch Mulladroch was created as part of a hydro-electric scheme

Understand

Scotland is a sparsely populated country and only a small proportion of that population lives in the Scottish Highlands. Therefore, it is mostly barren territory. Villages in the highlands are small neat places with a lot of fighting and history behind them. It has been a battle against nature and also amongst human beings for survival and supremacy. Some interesting facts: Number of tourists visiting Scotland annually surpass the population of Scotland and the number of Scots living outside Scotland is many times more than the population of Scotland.

Talk

English is the official language of Scotland and is spoken by more or less everyone. Gaelic is spoken by about 60,000, and many Gaelic words are commonly used. The Scots, like most Britons, generally flourish when they live abroad but at home have rather poor foreign language skills, although those in tourism-related industries generally have better language skills. French, German and Spanish are the most commonly known foreign languages.

Here are some useful Gaelic words:

• Aber = river mouth (Aberdeen)
• Ben = mountain (Ben Nevis)
• Burn = stream (Bannockburn)
• Cèilidh = informal celebration, party
• Dale = Nordic word for valley, not actually Gaelic, but used alongside it.
• Firth = estuary (Firth of Forth) Firth comes from the Nordic languages too and means fjord
• Glen = valley (Glencoe) - usually refers to a steep-sided glaciated valley
• Inver = mouth of or confluence of (Inverness)
• Strath = vale (Strathspey) - tends to be a more shallow, wider, often flat-bottomed valley
• Kyle = narrow strait of water, sound (Kyle of Sutherland)
• Loch = lake (Loch Lomond) however not all lochs are enclosed. Loch Marie is a fjord and is open to the sea. So a lake can always be a loch, but a loch is not always a lake!
• Lochan = small lake, pond

You can get into the area from either Inverness in the north or from Fort William and then via Fort Augustus in the south. Both the entry points are well connected by road to all major cities in the area and beyond.

Inverness Airport [7] (Information Desk Tel: 01667 464000) is situated at Dalcross, 9 miles (15 km) east of the city, just off the main A96 trunk road. It connects to Edinburgh, London and a number of other places.

Inverness railway station is located in the City Centre. There are direct services to Edinburgh, Glasgow, Aberdeen and London.

A large number of tourists visit the area in coaches from Edinburgh, Fort William or Glasgow. Listed below are some of the tour operators, but do keep in mind that Loch Ness is about 150 miles form Edinburgh and Glasgow and it may be better to stay overnight in Inverness. Some of the tours below permit you to break your tour in the city of Inverness.

• MegaBus [8] This is not a tour, but can take you from Edinburgh or Glasgow to Inverness very inexpensively (can be as low as £1 per person depending on when you book). This is a very scenic journey through the Cairngorms especially if you are on one of their vehicles with an upper deck.

• Scotline Tours [9] offers 1 day tours from Edinburgh in luxury buses with knowledgeable guides. Office: 87 High Street, Royal Mile, Edinburgh, EH1 1SG. Price (including entrance to Urquhart Castle): £33 for adults, £28 for students/seniors, £18 for children.

• Haggis Adventures[10] Budget coach tours to the Highlands, with local Guides. 60 High Street, The Royal Mile, Edinburgh, call our crew on 0131 557 9393 or e-mail info@haggisadventures.com. Student and group discount available, Day tours from £25.

• Heart of Scotland [11] conducts 1 day tours from Edinburgh. Telephone: (+44) (0)131 558 8855. Price: £32, Discounted £30 (students, over 60’s, under 12’s)

• Destination Scotland [12] conducts tours from Edinburgh, same day return or night halt at Fort Augustus. Price: £30 for 1 day trip, £65 for 2 days trip.

• Highland Explorer Tours [13], 60 High Street, The Royal Mile, Edinburgh. call (+44)(0) 131 558 3738. Price from £25. E-mail:info@highlandexplorertours.com. 5 star fully guided tours to the Highlands.

• Timberbush Tours [14], 555 Castlehill, The Royal Mile, Edinburgh EH1 2ND, Reservations +44 (0) 131 226 6066 (7am to 10 pm), Fax +44 (0) 131 220 0174. E-mail: tours@timberbushtours.com, conducts tours from Edinburgh, Price: £32 for 1 day tours, £65 for 2 days tours with night halt at Fort William. They also conduct tours from Glasgow, Price: £32 for 1 day tours

• Scottish Tours [15] organizes 1 day/ 2 day tours from Edinburgh (Gate J, Edinburgh Bus Station, North St Andrews St., Edinburgh) and Glasgow (Platform 6, Buchanan Bus Station, Glasgow), Cost 1 day tour Adult £ 31.00, Child £ 26.00, 2 days tour with night halt at Inverness - Guest House, Single £ 140.00, Twin £ 125.00, Hotel, Single £ 170.00, Twin £ 150.00

• Scottish Highland Tours [16] Telephone (+44) (0)1397 704901, offers tours from Fort William in luxury buses and also offers taxis and cars from Fort William. [17]

Ready for the Loch Ness cruise

Public transport is not the best way to see what this area has to offer. The problem is the infrequency of the buses, which are limited to the main roads. Instead, it is recommended that you hire a car, or join a tour group. Cruises on the loch leave from Dochfour, or Drumnadrochit. The best way to get to these is to use the cruise companies buses (sometimes complimentary)

Inverness Tours [18] offer tours to the loch and other local scenic beauty spots such as Glen Affric, Eilean Donan Castle and Skye (passing along Loch Ness). They arrange cruises on the loch with large operators or personally guided boat trips. One of the guides is an expert on Loch Ness if you want the non-tourist truth about the subject. Tours normally begin in Inverness, but the guides will collect from almost anywhere in the Highlands. Vehicles are luxury cars and mpvs with between three and eight passenger seats. These tours are exclusive so you buy the day, guide/driver and vehicle for your entire party on an exclusive basis. Allow about £120 for a half day Loch Ness tour or up to £340 for an 11 hour tour which also takes in Skye and the Harry Potter viaduct etc. That is the price for up to six seats. They offer a sharing system so that you can offer spare seats to others to reduce costs and post your own requirments on their forum. There is also an early booking discount system in operation which can save up to 25%. Whether or not you book a tour with this company, the website describes their tours very well with a lot of photography which may give you other ideas.

Maxwells Heartland Tours [19], info@maxwellsheartland.co.uk. Travel to Loch Ness and have plenty of time off the coach to explore. Tours from Glasgow and Edinburgh. Group tours up to 49 people can be catered for. All tours include services of a guide.

• Loch Ness Information [20] This website tackles the Loch Ness mystery in a down to earth manner and contains a lot of resources for potential visitors.

• Nessie [21] or the Loch Ness Monster – Be alert! Keep your eyes wide open, look closly, and best of luck!

• Urquhart Castle [22] – The most famous site in the area. The castle is in ruins but an impressive ruin with walls, four turrets and the keep. The beauty of the place coupled with its history makes it so attractive. The position of the castle at Strone Point is dramatic and commands a wide view of Loch Ness. There had been a fortress at that point from ancient times and the castle was associated with big names of Scottish history such as Saint Columba (6th century) and Robert the Bruce (12-13th century). The end came with a bang in the final years of the 17th century when it was packed with explosives and blown up to render it useless to the Jacobites. Those visiting the castle must not miss the dramatic audiovisual presentation at the centre there, certainly one of the best anywhere in the world. It is in English but depending on the composition of the tourists sub-titles are added in some other languages.

Open all year, except on 25th and 26th December. Opens: 9.30 am. Last tickets sold: 3.45 pm (1st October to 31st March), 5.45 pm (1st April to 30th September). Price: Adult £6.50 Child £2.50 Concessions £5.00. Child (ages 5 - 15); Concession (60 years and over and the unemployed).

Lockgates in the Caledonian Canal, near For Augustus

• The Caledonian Canal – The staircase of locks can be seen fom the road itself as it crosses the canal at Fort Augustus and also also crosses the canal near Inverness. Each lock can raise or lower a ship 8 feet. Started in 1803 and completed in 1822 this enormous enterprise was entirely funded by the government of the day. (Caledonia was the northern part of Britain beyond Roman control, roughly correponding to present-day Scotland.)

• It is a place to see, eat and drink but those who desire to buy souvenirs can do so at small outlets. The new Visitor Centre at Urquhart Castle has good stocks of items for tourists. However, a place such as Fort Willaim offers a wider choice of Scottish dresses, wollenware, mementoes and of course Scotch Whisky. Most of the tour operators bringing in tourists from Edinburgh provide a luch break at Fort William, long enough for more than just a look at the variety.

• Go hiking - Loch Ness is a very popular area for walkers[23] and the Great Glen Way traverses the length of the lake.

Eat

The area being one of major tourist attraction, there is no dearth of restaurants. Breakfast is a great attraction and there is so much variety ranging from Big Scottish Breakfast to Whole Day Breakfast. A breakfast is good enough to keep one going for several hours. Food is basically meat-based. Fish is also available. Those who want to avoid both have to look for vegetable sandwiches, croissants and salads.

Drink

It is Scotland and so one need not worry about availability of drinks. Selection may pose a problem, so wide is the range available. One place boasts that it has 100 brands of single malt Scotch whisky.

Sleep

For those who wish to spend a few days in the area, there are places to stay.

• Auchterawe Country House [24], Auchterawe, Fort Augustus, Inverness-shire, Scotland PH32 4BY UK. 3 rooms B&B. Rates variable as per season. Telephone: (+44) (1320) 366228 info@auchterawe.com.

• The Bank House [25], Station Road, Fort Augustus, Inverness-shire, Scotland PH32 4BY UK. Rooms with views of Loch Ness and Caledonian Canal, all en-suite. Telephone: (+44) (1320) 366755, bankhouse@visitlochness.co.uk.

• Caledonian Hotel [26], by Loch Ness, Fort Augustus, Inverness-shire, Scotland PH32 4BQ UK. Only a few minutes walk from Loch Ness, there are special three night rates which include dinner and breakfast available. Telephone: +44 (0)1320 366256, enquiries@thecaledonianhotel.com.

• Caledonian House [27], Station Road, Fort Augustus, Inverness-shire, Scotland PH32 4BQ UK. B&B. Telephone: (+44)(1320)366236, cal@ipw.com. Rates variable as per season.

• Lovat Arms Hotel [28], Fort Augustus, Inverness-shire, Scotland, PH32 4DU. 25 rooms. £ 40-150. Telephone: (+44) (1320) 845 450 1100, fax (+44) (1320) 366677.

• Drumnadrochit Hotel [29], Loch Ness 2000 Exhibition Centre, Drumnadrochit, Inverness-shire, Scotland IV63 6TU. Operates as a hotel in summer and as a B&B in winter. 30 rooms starting from £ 39.

• Invermoriston Holidays [30], Glenmoriston, By Loch Ness, Inverness-shire IV63 7YF . Telephone: (+44) (0) 1320 351254, rax: (+44) (0) 1320 351343, ihc@ipw.com. Price from £215 per week.

• Lann Dearg Studios [31], Invermoriston, by Loch Ness, Inverness-shire IV63 7YG . Telephone: (+44) (0) 1320 351353. stay@lanndearg.co.uk. B&B and SC Price from £26pp per night.

• Drumnadrochit Lodges [32], Upper Achmony, Drumnadrochit by Loch Nes, Inverness-shire IV63 6UX. Telephone: (+44) (0) 1456 450 467, tel/fax: (+44) (0) 1456 459 049, cell/mobile: (+44) 07879 273 835, [mailto: info@drumnadrochit-lodges.com info@drumnadrochit-lodges.com]. Price: from £250 per week per lodge.

• Fern Cottage [33], B&B, Dalcataig, Invermoriston, Loch Ness, Inverness-shire IV63 &YG UK. Prices from: £21 - £25 per person/night.

• Greenlea [34], B&B, The Village Green, Drumnadrochit, Inverness-shire IV63 61X. Telephone: (+44) (0) (1456) 450546. Prices from £18 per person per night.

• Ferness Cottage & Hillview [35], B&B, Lewiston, Drumnadrochit, Lochness, Inverness-Shire, IV63 6UW. Telephone: (+44) (0) 1456 450 564. info@lochnessaccommodation.co.uk. Price: £44.00 to £56.00 per room per night.

• Aslaich [36], B&B, East Lewiston, Drumnadrochit, Inverness-Shire. Telephone: (+44) (0) 1456 459466, stay@aslaich.co.uk. Price Range: £24 – 30.

• Morag's Lodge [37], Bunioch Brae, Fort Augustus, Inverness-Shire. Telephone: +44 (0) 1320 366289, info@moragslodge.com. Dorm rooms from £17 and tiwn/doubles from £21. Set on the banks of Loch Ness in an idyllic location, with self catering kitchen, cosy bar and bike hire.

• Ardgarry Farm Bed and Breakfast [38], Faichem, Inverness, Invergarry, Loch Ness, PH35 4HG. Scottish Tourist Board Approved Accommodation. Up to 4 rooms B&B. Rates variable as per season.

• Loch Ness Youth Hostel [39], Glenmoriston, Inverness-shire, IV63 7YD Telephone: 0870 004 1138. SYHA Hostel with beds from £12.50 per night.

• Elmbank [40], B&B, Lewiston, Drumnadrochit, Inverness-Shire. Telephone: (+44) (0) 1456 450372, info@elmbank-lochness.co.uk. Price Range: £20 – 25.

In most places the rates vary as per season and winter discounts are available. In summer most places are heavily booked and so try early for a booking.

More accommodation is available in Inverness and Fort William.

Stay safe

Be prepared for the unexpected cold and the rains.

Many hotels and B&B in large European cities allow outgoing guests to keep luggage in the lobby or some room after they check out, in order that they may collect the same later in the day. Tourists should not take it for granted in Scotland. They should check the system beforehand to avoid complications later.

Get out

Most of the coach tours take tourists around the Scottish Highlands along with a visit to Loch Ness. Tourists should check what else they want to see before deciding upon a particular tour. Much of the information is available on the Internet sites (some listed above). Those who want to travel a little farther can plan to visit one or more of the many islands.

Great Glen Way is a 73 mile long footpath from Fort William to Inverness passing along the Loch Ness. It was officially opened in 2002. It is a great venture for those who enjoy walking.

Definition from Wiktionary, a free dictionary

English

Wikipedia has an article on:

Loch Ness

Wikipedia

Proper noun

Loch Ness

1. A lake in the Great Glen of Scotland, the second largest in Britain, and with a maximum depth of 226 metres. It is the alleged home of the Loch Ness monster, Nessie.

Translations

Estonian

Estonian Wikipedia has an article on:

Loch Ness

Wikipedia ^et

Proper noun

Loch Ness

1. Loch Ness

Scots

Proper noun

Loch Ness

1. Loch Ness