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Malabar
മലബാര്‍
Coordinates
Country  India
State Kerala , Puducherry(Mahe)
District(s) 6
District(s) Kasaragod, Kannur, Kozhikode, Malappuram, Palakkad, Wayanad
Largest city Kozhikode
Population
• Density
• 816 /km2 (2,113 /sq mi)
Literacy 91.74%
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
Area
For other uses, see Malabar (disambiguation).

Malabar (Malayalam: മലബാര്‍) is a region of southern India, lying between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea. The name is thought to be derived from the Malayalam word Mala (Hill) and Puram (region) derived or westernised into bar. This part of India was a part of the British East India company controlled Madras State,when it was designated as Malabar District . It included the northern half of the state of Kerala and some coastal regions of present day Karnataka. The area is predominantly Hindu but the majority of Kerala's Muslim population known as Mappila also live in this area, as well as a sizable ancient Christian population.[1] The name is sometimes extended to the entire southwestern coast of the peninsula, called the Malabar Coast. Malabar is also used by ecologists to refer to the tropical moist forests of southwestern India (present day Kerala).

Contents

Malabar region

The Malabar region lies along the southwest coast of the Indian peninsula and forms the northern part of present-day Kerala state. Malayalam is the chief language of the region, and the ancestors of today's population have inhabited the region for centuries. The region formed part of the ancient kingdom of Chera for centuries. It became part of the Hindu Vijayanagara empire in the 15th century. with the breakup of the empire in the mid-16th century, the region came under the rule of a number of local chieftains notably the Kolathiris of North Malabar, Zamorins of Calicut and the Valluvokonathiris of Walluvanad. The region came under British rule in the 18th century, during the Anglo-Mysore Wars. During the British rules, the Malabar area was divided in to two categories as North and South. North Malabar comprises : Present Kasaragod and Kannur Districts, Mananthavady Taluk of Wayanad District and Vadakara Taluk of Kozhikode District. Left over area in South Malabar.

At the conclusion of the Anglo-Mysore wars, the region was organized into a district of Madras Presidency. The British district included the present-day districts of Kannur, Kozhikode, Wayanad, Malappuram, much of Palakkad and a small portion of Thrissur. The administrative headquarters were at Calicut (Kozhikode). With India's independence, Madras presidency became Madras State, which was divided along linguistic lines on 1 November 1956, when Malabar district was merged with the Kasaragod district immediately to the north and the state of Travancore-Cochin to the south to form the state of Kerala.

Bekal Fort Beach, Kerala

Malabar Coast

Backwaters in the Malabar, c.a. 1913

The Malabar Coast, in historical contexts, refers to India's southwest coast, lying on the narrow coastal plain of Karnataka and Kerala states between the Western Ghats range and the Arabian Sea. The coast runs from south of Goa to Cape Comorin on India's southern tip.

The Malabar Coast is also sometimes used as an all encompassing term for the entire Indian coast from the western coast of Konkan to the tip of the subcontinent at Cape Comorin. It is over 525 miles or 845 km long. It spans from the South - Western coast of Maharashtra and goes along the coastal region of Goa, through the entire western coast of Karnataka and Kerala and reaches till Kanyakumari. It is flanked by the Arabian Sea on the west and the Western Ghats on the east. The Southern part of this narrow coast is the South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests.

The Malabar Coast features a number of historic port cities, notably Kozhikode (Calicut), Cochin, and Kannur, that have served as centers of the Indian Ocean trade for centuries. Because of their orientation to the sea and to maritime commerce, the Malabar coast cities feel very cosmopolitan, and hosted some of the first groups of Christians (now known as Syrian Malabar Nasranis), Jews (today called as Cochin Jews), and Muslims (at present known as Mappilas) in India.

Geographically, the Malabar Coast, especially on its westward-facing mountain slopes, comprises the wettest region of southern India, as the Western Ghats intercept the moisture-laden monsoon rains.

European settlements in India

Malabar rainforests

The term Malabar rainforests refers to one or more distinct ecoregions recognized by biogeographers:

  1. the Malabar Coast moist forests formerly occupied the coastal zone to the 250 meter elevation (but 95% of these forests no longer exist)
  2. the South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests grow at intermediate elevations
  3. the South Western Ghats montane rain forests cover the areas above 1000 meters elevation

The Monsooned Malabar coffee bean comes from this area.

See also

Western Ghats
Rivers
Regions
Desh, Maharashtra Goa Gap · Konkan  · Malabar · Malenadu  · Palakkad Gap · Tulu Nadu
Hills
Waterfalls
Abbey · Chunchanakatte · Gokak · Irupu · Jog · Kalhatti · Mallali falls · Sathodi · Lushington · Sivasamudram
States
Settlements
Parks & Reserves

Annekal Reserved Forest  · Anshi National Park  · Aralam Reserved Forest  · Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve  · Agasthyavanam Biological Park  · Bandipur National Park  · Bannerghatta National Park  · Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary  · Bhimgad Wildlife Sanctuary  · Brahmagiri Wildlife Sanctuary  · Chandoli National Park  · Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary  · Dandeli National Park  · Eravikulam National Park  · Grass Hills National Park  · Indira Gandhi National Park  · Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary  · Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve  · Karian Shola National Park  · Karnala Bird Sanctuary  · Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary  · Kudremukh National Park  · Mudumalai National Park  · Mudumalai Tiger Reserve  · Mukurthi National Park  · Nagarhole Rajiv Gandhi National Park  · New Amarambalam Reserved Forest  · Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary  · Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve  · Palani Hills National Park  · Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary  · Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary  · Periyar National Park  · Pushpagiri Wildlife Sanctuary  · Radhanagri Wildlife Sanctuary  · Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary  · Silent Valley National Park  · Someshwara Wildlife Sanctuary  · Srivilliputtur Wildlife Sanctuary  · Talakaveri Wildlife Sanctuary  · Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary
Major Towns of North Malabar

Kannur · Thalassery · Vatakara · Mananthavady · Kasaragod · Kanhangad · Mahé · Payyannur · Thaliparamba · Nadapuram · Mattannur · Kuthuparamba · Kutttiyadi · Orkkatteri · Pazhayangadi · Pappinisseri · Panoor · Azhiyoor · Kannookkara · Villiapally · Valapattanam · Thirunelli · Kattikkulam · Trikaripur · Cheruvathur · Nileshwaram · Iritty · Cherukunnu · Manjeswaram · Payyoli · Uppala ·
Places of Worship in North Malabar

Lokanarkavu Vadakara · Muthappan Temple Parassinikkadavu · Kunjipalli Azhiyoor · Church of Mahé · Thirunelli Temple Mananthavadi · Kottiyoor Temple · Peralasseri Temple · Thiruvangadu and Jagannatha Temples Thalassery · Kadalayi Temple Chirakkal · Moonnu Pettumma Palli Pappinisseri · Sree Annapoorneswari TempleCherukunnu · Oliyankara Juma Masjid Cherukunnu · Thavam Church Cherukunnu · Madayi Palli Pazhayangadi · Madayi Kavu Pazhayangadi · Trichambaram Temple Thaliparamba · Sree Rajarajeswara Templa Thaliparamba · Sree Subramanya Swami Temple Payyannur · Sree Thirunelli Temple Mananthavadi · Trikaripur Juma Masjid  · Kasaragod Juma Masjid  · Sree Madhur Temple Kasaragod
Places of interest in North Malabar

Velliyamkallu: Associated with the valiant Kunhali Marakkar at Vadakara · Sand Banks: Where the Kotakal river reaches the sea at Vadakara · Silent Beach: South of Sand Banks is Silent Beach at Vadakara · Azhiyoor Vadakara · Palloor Mahé · Panthakkal Mahé · Poozhithala Mahé · Mahe Beach Mahé · Mayyazhi Puzhayoram Mahé · Pakshi Pathalam Thirunelli Mananthavady · Pookkottu Thadakam (Lake) Mananthavady · Tellichery Fort Thalassery · Muzhappilangadu Drive-in Beach on Thalassery - Kannur Road · Payyambalam Beach Kannur · St. Angelo Fort Kannur · Meenkunnu Beach Kannur · Valapattanam Kannur · Pazhassi Dam Kannur · The thuruths (small islands in the river) of Cherukunnu · The small hills of Cherukunnu · Azheekkal ferry and beach Azhikode · Ezhimala beach Payyannur · Kotti Payyannur · Ayyankunnu Iritty · Paithal Mala Thaliparamba · Snake Park Parassinikkadavu · Vismaya, the water theme park Parassinikkadavu · Valiyaparamba island Trikaripur · Ranipuram Kanhangad · Bekal Fort Kasaragod · Chandragiri Fort Kasaragod · Ananthapuram Lake Kasaragod · Kanwatheertha Beach Resort Kasaragod ·
Important Educational hubs North Malabar

University of Kannur Mangattuparamba · Govt. Engineering College, Mangattuparamba · National Institute of Fashion Technology NIFT Mangattuparamba · Madappally College Vadakara-2 · MES College, Villiapally Vadakara-42 · MET College, Nadapuram Vadakara-6 · SN College, Narayana Nagar Vadakara-1 · MHES College, Maniyoor Vadakara · Govt. Colege, Mokeri Vadakara · Mahatma Gandhi Government Arts College Mahé · Mahe Co-operative College of Teacher Education MCCTE)Mahé · Govt. College, Vidya Nagar Kasaragod-3  · E. K. Nayanar Memorial Govt. College, Elerithattu Kasaragod-14  · K. M. M Govt. Women’s College Kannur-4  · Govt. College Mananthavady, Nallurnad Mananthavady-45  · Govt. Brennen College, Dharmadam Thalassery-6  · Govt. Ayurveda College, Pariyaram Kannur · Govt. College of Engineering Mananthavady · Govt. College of Teacher Education Thalassery-01  · Govinda Pai Memorial Govt. College, Manjeswaram  · Nehru Arts & Science College, P.O. Padanekat, Kanhangad  · St. Pius X College, Rajapuram, Kanhangad-32  · Payyannur College, P.O. Edat, Payyannur  · Co-operative Arts & Science College, Madai P.O., Pazhayangadi  · Sir Syed College, Thaliparamba-42  · S. E. S. College, Sreekandapuram  · Sree Narayana College, P.O. Thottada, Kannur-7  · Nirmalagiri College, P.O. Nirmalagiri, Kuthuparamba-01  · Pazhassi Raja N. S. S. College, Mattanur4  · Mahatma Gandhi College, P.O. Keezhur {Iritti]]  · N. A. M. College, Thuvakkunnu P.O., Kannur-93  · Marymatha Arts & Science College, P.O. Vemom, Mananthavady-45  · P.K.M. College of Education, Madampam P.O., Kannur  · Keyi Sahib Training College, Karimbam, Taliparamba  · Nusrathul Islam Arabic College, Kadavathur P.O., Kannur-76  · Darul Irshad Arabic College, P.O. Paral, Thalassery  · College of Applied Science, (Pattuvam) Kuttikkol P.O., Taliparamba  · College of Applied Science, Pettikundu(Cheemeni) P.O., Cheruvathur · College of Applied Science, Kuthuparamba · Malabar Islamic Complex Arts & Science College, Mahinabad, Thekkil, Kasaragod-41 · Gurudev Arts & Science College, Mathil, Payyannur · Aditya Kiran College of Applied Studies, Krishnagiri, Mathamangalam PO, Kannur · Sir Syed Institute of Technical Studies, Karimbam, Taliparamba · Taliparamba Arts & Science College, Kanhirangad, ppTaliparamba]] · Deva Matha Arts & Science College, Paisakari, Kannur · Mary Matha Arts & Science College, Alakode P.O., Kannur · Sharaf Arts & Science College, Padanne, Kasaragod  · Bhaskara College of Arts, Kaithapram, Mathamangalam P.O., Kannur · Sa-A-Diya Arts & Science College, Deli, Kalanad P.O., Kasargod · SNDP Yogam Arts & Science College, Near F.C.I, Perol, Nileswar, Kasargod · Dr. Ambedkar Arts & Science College, Sreesailam, Periya, Kasargod · Mahatma Gandhi Arts & Science College, Chendayad, Panoor  · I.T.M College of Arts & Science, Mayyil, Kannur · Nalanda College of Arts & Science, Perala P.O., Kasargod · Chinmaya Arts & Science College for Women,Govindagiri, Chala, Thottada P.O., Kannur-7  · Peoples Co-Operative arts & Science College-Munnad, P.O. Munnad Chengala Via, Kasaragod  · Khansa Women’s College for advanced Studies, City Centre, Bank Road, Kasaragod-21  · St. Joseph’s College, Pilathara, Kannur  · M. E. S. College, Naravoor South, P.O. Kuthuparamba  · Sibga Arts & Science College, Irikkur, P.O. Kalliad, Irikkur  · Our College of Applied Sciences, Populr Complex, Perumba, Payyanur  · Ideal Arabic College, Uliyil P.O., Kannur · Al-Maquar Arabic College, Darul Aman, Nadukani P.O., Pallivayal Thaliparamba · L.B.S College of Engineering, Muliyar P.O., Kasargod  · Sree Narayanan Guru College of Engineering & Technology, Kankol, Payyanur · Vimal Jyothi Engineering College, Jyothi Nagar, Chemperi, Kannur · Institute of Technology, Mayyil, Pavannoor Motta, Kannur · Chinmaya Institute of Technology, Govindagiri, Chala, Kannur · Don Bosco Arts & Science College, Angadikadavu, Kannur · Mar Thoma College of Special Education, Cherkala, Chengala P.O., Kasargod · A. W. H Al Badar Special College, Near New Busstand, Payyanur  · Parassinikadavu Ayurveda Medical College, Parassinikadavu · Academy of Medical Sciences, Pariyaram, Kannur · Kannur Medical College, Anjarakandy, Post Mamba, Kannur  · Pariyaram Dental College, A.C.M.E., Pariyaram, Kannur  · Kannur Dental College Anjarakandy, P.O. Mamba, Kannur  · Crescent B. Pharm College, Madaipara, Payangadi R.S. Kannur-58 · Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ACME, Pariyaram Kannur · Malik Deenar College of Pharmacy,Thalankara, Kasargod · Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Pharmacy, Meeliyat, Trikaripur  · Malik Deenar College of Nursing, Kasargod-22 · College of Nursing, A. C. M. E. Pariyaram Kannur · Koyili College of Nursing, Kannur-04 · Century College of Nursing, Poinachi, Kasargod · Canossa College of Nursing, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Cherukunnu  · College of Nursing Kannur Medical College, Anjarakandy, Mamba P.O., Kannur  · Lourde College of Nursing, Taliparamba  · Co-operative Institute of health Scienc Kannur · KANNUR UNIVERSITY CENTRES  · ITEC, Taliparamba  · ITEC (DITS), Kannur –02 · Department of Applied Economics, Thalassery-61 ·
Professional Colleges ofNorth Malabar
National Institutes

National Institute of Fashion Technology NIFT Mangattuparamba, Kannur-63 ·

Universities

The Central University of Kerala, Vidya Nagar, Kasaragode-21  · The Kannur University, Mangattuparamab, Kannur-63  ·

Engineering Colleges

Govt. Engineering College, Mangattuparamba, Kannur-63 · Govt. College of Engineering Mananthavady · L.B.S College of Engineering, Muliyar P.O., Kasargode  · Sree Narayanan Guru College of Engineering & Technology, Kankol, Payyanur · Vimal Jyothi Engineering College, Jyothi Nagar, Chemperi, Kannur · Institute of Technology, Mayyil, Pavannoor Motta, Kannur · Chinmaya Institute of Technology, Govindagiri, Chala, Kannur · College of Engineering, Thalassery ·

Medical Colleges

Pariyaram Co-operative Medical College Kannur {{.}} Kannur Medical College, Anjarakandy, Post Mamba , Kannur  · Govt. Ayurveda College, Pariyaram Kannur · Parassinikadavu Ayurveda Medical College, Parassinikadavu ·

Dental Colleges

Pariyaram Dental College, A.C.M.E., Pariyaram, Kannur  · Kannur Dental College Anjarakandy, P.O. Mamba, Kannur  ·

Paramedical Sciences Colleges

Academy of Medical Sciences, Pariyaram, Kannur · Kannur Medical College , Anjarakandy, Post Mamba , Kannur  · Crescent B. Pharm College, Madaipara, Payangadi R.S. Kannur-58 · Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ACME, Pariyaram Kannur · Malik Deenar College of Pharmacy, Thalankara, Kasargode · Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Pharmacy, Meeliyat, Trikaripur  · Co-operative Institute of health Scienc Kannur ·

Nursing Colleges

Malik Deenar College of Nursing, Kasargode-22 · College of Nursing, A. C. M. E. Pariyaram Kannur · Koyili College of Nursing, Kannur-04 · Century College of Nursing, Poinachi, Kasargode · Canossa College of Nursing, Cherukunnu  · College of Nursing Kannur Medical College, Anjarakandy, Mamba P.O.,Kannur  · Lourde College of Nursing, Taliparamba  ·

B Ed Colleges

College of Teacher Education College Vadakara · Mahe Co-operative College of Teacher Education MCCTE Mahé · Keyi Sahib Training College, Karimbam, Taliparamba  · Govt. College of Teacher Education Kasargode  · Kannur University B.Ed Centre Mangattuparamab, Palayad, Kasaragod and Mananthavady  · Govt. College of Teacher Education Thalassery  ·
State of Kerala
Capital Emblem of Kerala
Topics
Districts
Cities
Historical Regions
Kochi
History
Locations
Landmarks
Malls
Education
Transport
Culture
Places of worship
Health care
Other topics
Cities and towns in Ernakulam district
Ernakulam
Cities and towns
in other districts

Alappuzha · Idukki · Kannur · Kasargod · Kollam · Kottayam · Kozhikode · Malappuram · Palakkad · Pathanamthitta · Thiruvananthapuram · Thrissur · Wayanad
Central Travancore region
Districts
Kollam (Part) · Pathanamthitta · Alappuzha · Kottayam · Idukki(Part)
Main Towns and Cities

[1]

Team malabar http://www.orkut.co.in/Main#Community?cmm=92045438

References

  1. ^ "Kerala." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 8 June 2008

1911 encyclopedia

Up to date as of January 14, 2010

From LoveToKnow 1911

MALABAR, a district of British India, in the Madras Presidency. Geographically the name is sometimes extended to the entire western coast of the peninsula. Properly it should apply to the strip below the Ghats, which is inhabited by people speaking the Malayalam language, a branch of the Dravidian stock, who form a peculiar race, with castes, customs and traditions of their own. It would thus be coextensive with the old kingdom of Chera, including the modern states of Travancore and Cochin, and part of Kanara. In 1901 the total number of persons speaking Malayalam in all India was 6,029,304.

The district of Malabar extends for 145 m. along the coast, running inland to the Ghats with a breadth varying from 7 0 to 25 m. The administrative headquarters are at Calicut. Area, 5795 sq. m. Malabar is singularly diversified in its configuration; from the eastward, the great range of the Western Ghats, only interrupted by the Palghat gap, looks down on a country broken by long spurs, extensive ravines, dense forests and tangled jungle. To the westward, gentler slopes and downs, and gradually widening valleys closely cultivated, succeed the forest uplands, till, nearer the seaboard, the low laterite tablelands shelve into rice plains and backwaters fringed with coconut palms. The coast runs in a south-easterly direction, and forms a few headlands and small bays, with a natural harbour in the south at Cochin. In the south there is considerable extent of table-land. The mountains of the Western Ghats run almost parallel to the coast, and vary from 3000 to 7000 ft. in height. One of the most characteristic features of Malabar is an all but continuous chain of lagoons or backwaters lying parallel to the coast, which have been formed by the action of the waves and shore currents in obstructing the waters of the rivers. Connected by artificial canals, they form a cheap means of transit; and a large local trade is carried on by inland navigation. Fishing and fishcuring is an important industry. The forests are extensive and of great value, but they are almost entirely private property. The few tracts which are conserved have come into government hands by escheat or by contract. Wild animals include the elephant, tiger, panther, bison, sambhar, spotted deer, Nilgiri ibex, and bear. The population in 1901 was 2,800,555, showing an increase of 5.6% in the decade.

The staple crop is rice, the next most important product being coco-nuts. Coffee is grown chiefly in the upland tract known as the Wynaad, where there are also a few acres under tea. The Madras railway crosses the district and has been extended from Calicut to Cannanore along the coast. There are eleven seaports, of which the principal are Calicut, Tellicherry, Cannanore and Cochin. The principal exports are coffee, coco-nut products and timber. There are factories for cleaning coffee, pressing coir and making matting, making tiles, sawing timber and weaving cotton.

See Malabar District Gazetteer (Madras, 1908).


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Wiktionary

Up to date as of January 14, 2010

Definition from Wiktionary, a free dictionary

English

Proper noun

Singular
Malabar

Plural
-

Malabar

  1. A region in the southwest of India.

Derived terms

  • Malabar Coast







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